homework contracts year 3

The Reluctant Cowgirl

Raising Responsible & Resilient Teens

Help Your Teenager Succeed in School with a Parent-Child School Contract

July 31, 2019 By: Miranda 8 Comments

Our kids have been in a variety of school settings: traditional school, private, and homeschool. And honestly, I know what it’s like to just hold your breath and hope for the best. It can seem like even talking about school during the summer just anticipates problems and causes more arguments, right?

And sometimes you have that student that you aren’t looking forward to hearing them argue with you, so you tend to avoid bringing up hot trigger items.

10 Steps to Creating a Back to School Contract with Teens

But the way through is better than avoiding those minor details…like SCHOOL expectations (tongue in cheek:)! So bolster yourself moms! This year we are going to bring up the challenging discussions and create a PLAN! 

Let’s walk through some tips that will help you more confidently talk with your kids about the school year, create a workable parent-child school contract and make the smooth routine of the first weeks last months longer!

Find a Good Time to Talk to Your Tweens and Teens about School

Instead of springing out of nowhere with the topic, slowly warm your kid to the idea! Tell your teen that you would like to sit down with them sometime that week to discuss what they want to achieve during the school year.

You may get shocked looks, angry retorts, sarcasm or even a few worried looks! Just ignore, keep it brief and even flee the room if you have to;)! We are just giving them time to come around to the idea.

Print off your teen school contract and look it over for yourself . Decide what you think is most important to you or the problem areas you want to hammer out the details.  Make a decision as to if you want to try to cover the contract discussion in one sitting or a page at a time spread out over a few days. Will it work to give to the contract to your teen to fill in as much as they can, and later look over together?

Once YOU have decided, go back to your teen a day or so later and pick a time you all will chat.

Parent tip: Feel free to call contract whatever you think will be most helpful: Back to School Goal Sheet, Back to School Agreement or Back to School Expectations.

Discuss Bed Times and Evening Routines for School

What is a good bed time for a teen? For your teen? Knowing that teens need at least 9 hours of sleep, what is a reasonable time for them to go to bed?

Yes! I Want My Teen To Do Great In School This Year!

This should be an easy question, but more often than not parents struggle with this. I know I have. You want to give your teens some freedom and not make a bedtime like you did when they were 8 years old. But honestly, we need to make a hard stop rule about when lights need to be out and phones off.

So allow for wiggle room, but agree upon a HARD TIME when light have to be out.

Help them then work backward from bedtime to create a bedtime routine . When should they be off video games and social media, knowing that getting off an hour or 1/2 hour before will allow time for their brain to slow down?

Chat about what helps them relax and some things they may wish to include in a bedtime routine.

Create a Morning Routine for School

Realistically, how much time does your teen need in the morning to get ready?

If you don’t already know, find out or decide on the time your kids needs to be ready to start their day. If they are doing online or homeschool when will their school day start? If they are going to a brick and mortar school, what time do they need to be in the car or at the bus stop?

Make sure to allow a little leeway as nothing goes always as planned.

Also have a discussion about one thing they ENJOY doing in the morning if they have a little extra time? When we create a morning routine that involves something we love, then getting up to start the day is more inviting. Does your teen like to scroll social media, text a friend, sit down to eat breakfast, read for a few minutes or have time to do their hair and make-up?

Understand Your School’s Sick and Tardy Policy

Make sure you and your kids are current on your school’s sick and tardy policy. Each school district and school year may be a little different.

Avoid unwelcome surprises by discussing how many parent note sick days your kid has and how many tardies add up to a missed school day!

Parent Tip: One of my co-workers would cut out physical strips of paper to represent that amount of sick days her kids were allowed. When a kid used a sick day they had to turn in a strip of paper, so the teen clearly understood their was a limit to sick days!

Create Homework Contract and School Goals for the Upcoming School Year

Chat about what classes your student will have this year and if they foresee any problem areas. Do they have a class they wish to improve, and what is ONE thing they can do differently. What is the grade they wish to achieve?

Make specific goals, not vague ideas! An example of a specific goal is, “I want to make at least a C in Chemistry this year by taking my own notes in class and studying 3 times a week for at least 1/2 hour.”

Vague ideas like, ” I want to do better in school this year,” or, ” I don’t want to fail Chemistry,” have no teeth to them and certainly no specific steps. It will fail!

Will Your Student Participate in Extra-Curricula Activities

Will your student be participating in extra-curricula activities? Do they have activities they wish to participate in or that would look good on their resume?

How much time is involved in these activities? As a parent, do you think this is a wise use of your kid’s talents and time resources?

Also chat about when your student will keep up with their studies and homework due to their activities. Finally, does your student need to save or earn some money to help cover expenses from participating in this activity?

Design Fun Goals to Develop Teen’s Skills

Not every tween or teen is a “sit and learn in the classroom student.” And that is OK! Let’s help our teens stay motivated about their education by creating after school goals that keep them excited about life and learning!

Dream with your teen about talents they have that they would like to improve? In the past, one of our teens volunteered at a local charity organization running sound, something he was later hired to do for a living.

Presently, our daughter decided to improve her sewing skills this summer, creating a product that she hopes to sell in the near future.

Want some creative ideas for ways your teen can incorporate career exploration? Go Here !

Create a List of School Stress Busters for Teens

Many teens struggle with stress, anxiety and depression making getting to school and performing well difficult. Brainstorm with your teen about how they can combat stress.

Netflix Rules for Teens, Plus a Cell Phone Contract

Finally let’s talk about Netflix binging, playing video games and social media scrolling! While rewarding yourself with watching a TV show or scrolling on Instagram can be fun, it is also a HUGE time waster! And watching Netflix or Amazon til 2 am is one of the #1 reasons teens are truant or tardy for school!!

Set VERY SPECIFIC parameters on when and how long your teen can be on social media and the TV.

Is your teen allowed to be on the internet before homework? Do they need to have certain chores done before they jump on the game station? What platforms are they allowed to be on and how often?

If you haven’t already discussed it, make sure that you have clear cell phone guidelines. Discuss cell phones rules and when they cell phone needs to be off or on silent for the evening.

While technology can be a bear, also remember it works in your favor.

We use the app Screentime on my daughter’s phone so I can set limits, create bedtimes, reward when chores are done and see any new apps she downloads.  In our home, we also have a wi-fi filter on our Netgear box so we can control at least some of the stuff that comes into our home and turn the internet OFF at a certain time for the whole household. This is the Netgear wi fi router we use !

ALSO, did you know that you can see EVERYTHING your teen has watched on Netflix? Check out this website and follow the simple steps to download their complete viewing history. Click on the download and then follow the instructions!

Moms, we can’t prevent all internet over or unsafe usage, but we can the majority. Find a few apps or devices that will help you set parameters, create consistent rules and keep an eye on things for YOU!

Now, head on over and PRINT OFF your Back to School Contract !

July 31, 2019 at 12:33 pm

Great idea, Miranda! I love the idea of a contract for teens and wish I had had access to one when my now-grown kids were younger. I know you put a ton of work into these posts and am sure other moms will truly appreciate the advice in this post as summer vacation is coming to an end!

August 1, 2019 at 8:21 pm

Thanks Heather! Yes, I tried to think of all the topics that intersect with how our teens cope with and handle school.

July 31, 2019 at 2:24 pm

This is such a great post. I really love the idea of brainstorming stress relievers because I think that will help my middle son if we send him to public school again this year. I also like talking over the expectations with them. That always seems to make things go smoother.

August 1, 2019 at 8:20 pm

It is amazing how discussing expectations can make things so much smoother, or at least help us as moms to truly hear what our kids are thinking. And yes, for most teens, stress is a reality!

August 3, 2019 at 12:41 am

This is fantastic! Thank you!

August 6, 2019 at 11:01 am

Thanks Karen! You are so welcome.

March 28, 2021 at 6:04 am

Looking forward to receiving free sample

[…] a FREE Printable Parent-Student Contract on The Reluctant Cowgirl to help you and your teen set school and personal […]

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Strategies to make homework go more smoothly.

Routines and incentive systems to help kids succeed

Writer: Peg Dawson, EdD, NCSP

Clinical Experts: Peg Dawson, EdD, NCSP , Karol Espejo, LCSW

Here is the best guide to helping kids do homework successfully that we’ve seen, published by the National Association of School Psychologists on their website, NASPonline.org . Our thanks to NASP for sharing it with us.

There are two key strategies parents can draw on to reduce homework hassles. The first is to establish clear routines around homework, including when and where homework gets done and setting up daily schedules for homework. The second is to build in rewards or incentives to use with children for whom “good grades” is not a sufficient reward for doing homework.

Homework Routines

Tasks are easiest to accomplish when tied to specific routines. By establishing daily routines for homework completion, you will not only make homework go more smoothly, but you will also be fostering a sense of order your child can apply to later life, including college and work.

Step 1. Find a location in the house where homework will be done. The right location will depend on your child and the culture of your family. Some children do best at a desk in their bedroom. It is a quiet location, away from the hubbub of family noise. Other children become too distracted by the things they keep in their bedroom and do better at a place removed from those distractions, like the dining room table. Some children need to work by themselves. Others need to have parents nearby to help keep them on task and to answer questions when problems arise. Ask your child where the best place is to work. Both you and your child need to discuss pros and cons of different settings to arrive at a mutually agreed upon location.

Step 2. Set up a homework center. Once you and your child have identified a location, fix it up as a home office/homework center. Make sure there is a clear workspace large enough to set out all the materials necessary for completing assignments. Outfit the homework center with the kinds of supplies your child is most likely to need, such as pencils, pens, colored markers, rulers, scissors, a dictionary and thesaurus, graph paper, construction paper, glue and cellophane tape, lined paper, a calculator, spell checker, and, depending on the age and needs of your child, a computer or laptop. If the homework center is a place that will be used for other things (such as the dining room table), then your child can keep the supplies in a portable crate or bin. If possible, the homework center should include a bulletin board that can hold a monthly calendar on which your child can keep track of longterm assignments. Allowing children some leeway in decorating the homework center can help them feel at home there, but you should be careful that it does not become too cluttered with distracting materials.

Step 3. Establish a homework time. Your child should get in the habit of doing homework at the same time every day. The time may vary depending on the individual child. Some children need a break right after school to get some exercise and have a snack. Others need to start homework while they are still in a school mode (i.e., right after school when there is still some momentum left from getting through the day). In general, it may be best to get homework done either before dinner or as early in the evening as the child can tolerate. The later it gets, the more tired the child becomes and the more slowly the homework gets done.

Step 4. Establish a daily homework schedule. In general, at least into middle school, the homework session should begin with your sitting down with your child and drawing up a homework schedule. You should review all the assignments and make sure your child understands them and has all the necessary materials. Ask your child to estimate how long it will take to complete each assignment. Then ask when each assignment will get started. If your child needs help with any assignment , then this should be determined at the beginning so that the start times can take into account parent availability. A Daily Homework Planner is included at the end of this handout and contains a place for identifying when breaks may be taken and what rewards may be earned.

Incentive Systems

Many children who are not motivated by the enjoyment of doing homework are motivated by the high grade they hope to earn as a result of doing a quality job. Thus, the grade is an incentive, motivating the child to do homework with care and in a timely manner. For children who are not motivated by grades, parents will need to look for other rewards to help them get through their nightly chores. Incentive systems fall into two categories: simple and elaborate.

Simple incentive systems. The simplest incentive system is reminding the child of a fun activity to do when homework is done. It may be a favorite television show, a chance to spend some time with a video or computer game, talking on the telephone or instant messaging, or playing a game with a parent. This system of withholding fun things until the drudgery is over is sometimes called Grandma’s Law because grandmothers often use it quite effectively (“First take out the trash, then you can have chocolate chip cookies.”). Having something to look forward to can be a powerful incentive to get the hard work done. When parents remind children of this as they sit down at their desks they may be able to spark the engine that drives the child to stick with the work until it is done.

Elaborate incentive systems. These involve more planning and more work on the part of parents but in some cases are necessary to address more significant homework problems. More complex incentives systems might include a structure for earning points that could be used to “purchase” privileges or rewards or a system that provides greater reward for accomplishing more difficult homework tasks. These systems work best when parents and children together develop them. Giving children input gives them a sense of control and ownership, making the system more likely to succeed. We have found that children are generally realistic in setting goals and deciding on rewards and penalties when they are involved in the decision-making process.

Building in breaks. These are good for the child who cannot quite make it to the end without a small reward en route. When creating the daily homework schedule, it may be useful with these children to identify when they will take their breaks. Some children prefer to take breaks at specific time intervals (every 15 minutes), while others do better when the breaks occur after they finish an activity. If you use this approach, you should discuss with your child how long the breaks will last and what will be done during the breaks (get a snack, call a friend, play one level on a video game). The Daily Homework Planner includes sections where breaks and end-of-homework rewards can be identified.

Building in choice. This can be an effective strategy for parents to use with children who resist homework. Choice can be incorporated into both the order in which the child agrees to complete assignments and the schedule they will follow to get the work done. Building in choice not only helps motivate children but can also reduce power struggles between parents and children.

Developing Incentive Systems

Step 1. Describe the problem behaviors. Parents and children decide which behaviors are causing problems at homework time. For some children putting homework off to the last minute is the problem; for others, it is forgetting materials or neglecting to write down assignments. Still others rush through their work and make careless mistakes, while others dawdle over assignments, taking hours to complete what should take only a few minutes. It is important to be as specific as possible when describing the problem behaviors. The problem behavior should be described as behaviors that can be seen or heard; for instance, complains about h omework or rushes through homework, making many mistakes are better descriptors than has a bad attitude or is lazy.

Step 2. Set a goal. Usually the goal relates directly to the problem behavior. For instance, if not writing down assignments is the problem, the goal might be: “Joe will write down his assignments in his assignment book for every class.”

Step 3. Decide on possible rewards and penalties. Homework incentive systems work best when children have a menu of rewards to choose from, since no single reward will be attractive for long. We recommend a point system in which points can be earned for the goal behaviors and traded in for the reward the child wants to earn. The bigger the reward, the more points the child will need to earn it. The menu should include both larger, more expensive rewards that may take a week or a month to earn and smaller, inexpensive rewards that can be earned daily. It may also be necessary to build penalties into the system. This is usually the loss of a privilege (such as the chance to watch a favorite TV show or the chance to talk on the telephone to a friend).

Once the system is up and running, and if you find your child is earning more penalties than rewards, then the program needs to be revised so that your child can be more successful. Usually when this kind of system fails, we think of it as a design failure rather than the failure of the child to respond to rewards. It may be a good idea if you are having difficulty designing a system that works to consult a specialist, such as a school psychologist or counselor, for assistance.

Step 4. Write a homework contract. The contract should say exactly what the child agrees to do and exactly what the parents’ roles and responsibilities will be. When the contract is in place, it should reduce some of the tension parents and kids often experience around homework. For instance, if part of the contract is that the child will earn a point for not complaining about homework, then if the child does complain, this should not be cause for a battle between parent and child: the child simply does not earn that point. Parents should also be sure to praise their children for following the contract. It will be important for parents to agree to a contract they can live with; that is, avoiding penalties they are either unable or unwilling to impose (e.g., if both parents work and are not at home, they cannot monitor whether a child is beginning homework right after school, so an alternative contract may need to be written).

We have found that it is a rare incentive system that works the first time. Parents should expect to try it out and redesign it to work the kinks out. Eventually, once the child is used to doing the behaviors specified in the contract, the contract can be rewritten to work on another problem behavior. Your child over time may be willing to drop the use of an incentive system altogether. This is often a long-term goal, however, and you should be ready to write a new contract if your child slips back to bad habits once a system is dropped.

Click here to download the homework planner and incentive sheet .

Frequently Asked Questions

To help homework go more smoothly, e stablish a routine that includes a time and place where it will be done, a planner that lists each assignment, scheduled breaks when some of the work is done, and a reward system for kids who are not motivated by good grades alone.  

Set a good homework routine following these steps: Find a location in the house where homework will be done. Set up a homework center stocked with needed materials . Establish a homework time. Use a daily homework planner so that your child has everything in writing.  

One tool that can make homework go more smoothly i s a Daily Homework Planner , which lists each assignment, how long it should take to complete, and what rewards may be earned for completing each assignment.    

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Homework Contracts: Tapping the Power of Parents

• Study & Organization

Students who regularly complete and turn in homework assignments perform significantly better in school than those of similar ability who do not do homework (Olympia et al., 1994). Homework is valuable because it gives students a chance to practice, extend, and entrench the academic skills taught in school. Parents can be instrumental in encouraging and motivating their children to complete homework. This homework contract intervention (adapted from Miller & Kelly, 1994) uses goal-setting, a written contract, and rewards to boost student completion (and accuracy) of homework. Students also learn the valuable skills of breaking down academic assignments into smaller, more manageable subtasks and setting priorities for work completion.

• Copy of Daily Homework Planner (see attachment at bottom of this page)

Preparation:

• Train Parents to Be Supportive 'Homework Coaches'. Parents are often very committed to helping their child successfully complete homework. To ensure that parents have positive interactions with students around homework, though, the school should sponsor one or more parent workshops to offer tips on how to be 'homework coaches'. In particular, parents should be offered strategies for listening in a careful and non-judgmental manner to their child, to avoid nagging about homework, and to brainstorm with their child about possible solutions for common homework difficulties (e.g., writing down all homework assignments correctly). Additionally, they should be taught the essentials for setting up and following through with a simple reward system at home (Miller & Kelly, 1994). At this introductory workshop, parents would also be trained in the steps of the homework contract (described below).

Steps in Implementing This Intervention:

• Step 1: The Parent Creates a Homework Reward System for the Child. The parent should put together a short menu of reasonable daily and weekly rewards that the child can earn for successfully completing homework. Good choices for daily rewards are those that do not cost a lot of money, and do not take much time to deliver. While weekly rewards should be somewhat larger than daily rewards, they should still be affordable and not require a great deal of the parent's time. Because any rewards that the parent chooses must appeal to the child, the parent should consult the child in the selection of rewards.
• Step 2: The Parent Negotiates the Homework Contract Program With the Child. Before starting the homework contract, the parent should meet with the child to introduce the program and to set up a reward system (see Step 1). Together, they agree on the percentage of homework goals the child must complete each day (e.g., 80%) to earn the daily homework reward. They also agree on the number of times in a week that the student must earn the daily reward in order to be eligible for the weekly reward (e.g., 3 times in a week).
• Step 3: The Parent and Child Fill Out the Daily Homework Planner. Each day when the student has assigned homework, the parent and student sit down with a copy of the Daily Homework Planner [web page; pdf document]. Together they preview the homework assignment for all subject areas. Then they break the assignment into manageable 'chunks' or subtasks. A description of each subtask is written into the Daily Homework Planner in enough detail so that both parent and student know what must be done to complete that homework chunk. A description for a math subtask, for example, might read "Complete 20 multiplication problems from pg. 40 of math book, then use answer key to check work". The parent and child might write on the homework contract that the child will reserve 30 minutes to complete that subtask.
• If the student earned the daily reward, the parent has the student choose an item from the reward menu. (Daily rewards should be given immediately if possible.)
• If the student also earned the weekly reward, the student can also select an item from the weekly reward menu (to be delivered in a timely manner but when convenient to the parent).
• Step 5: Fade the Reward System. As the child shows that he or she is able to complete daily homework assignments on a regular basis, the parent may want to start 'fading' the reward system. First, the parent may stop the daily rewards but continue the weekly rewards. Then the weekly rewards can be stretched out to biweekly and eventually monthly rewards. In the final stage of fading, the parent can stop giving out regular rewards altogether. Instead, the child's motivation can be kept high by the parent 'surprising' him or her occasionally with an unexpected reward.

Troubleshooting

The parent does not want to use the homework contract If a parent is unable or unwilling to use the homework contract with a student, the intervention can be used in school instead. At the end of the school day, for example, the teacher or other staff member might meet with the child to preview all homework assignments and assist the student in filling out the Daily Homework Planner. If the student brings the Contract sheet and completed homework back to school the next day, the teacher can give him or her the earned daily (and perhaps weekly) reward.

Attachments

• Daily Homework Planner Sheet

Jim's Hints

Identify Other People To Help the Parent With the Homework Contract . If the student attends an afterschool program where he or she completes homework, personnel from that program may be willing to set up and use the homework contract with the child. Or if there is a responsible older sibling in the home, he or she may be willing to administer a homework contract system. The parent would still be expected to deliver any rewards that the student may have earned.

• Miller, D.L. & Kelly, M.L. (1994). The use of goal setting  and contingency contracting for improving children's homework  performance. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis,27, 73-84.
• Olympia, D.E., Sheridan, S.M., Jenson, W.R., & Andrews, D.  (1994). Using student-managed interventions to increase homework  completion and accuracy. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis,27, 85-99.

Contracts to Help Your Child Stick to the Rules at Home

By The Understood Team

It can be hard to get on the same page with your child about things like homework and cell phone use. But when you both agree to something in writing, it can be a big help. That’s especially true for kids who learn and think differently.

Use these printable contracts to work on behavior at home.

Download: Parent-child behavior contracts

Download: Sample fidget contract

Download: Cell phone contracts for kids

Download: Homework contract for your child

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This Issue's Topic:

• Tools to Build Student Text and Lecture Comprehension

Students who regularly complete and turn in homework assignments perform significantly better in school than those of similar ability who do not do homework (Olympia et al., 1994). Homework is valuable because it gives students a chance to practice, extend, and entrench the academic skills taught in school. Parents can be instrumental in encouraging and motivating their children to complete homework. This homework contract intervention (adapted from Miller & Kelly, 1994) uses goal-setting, a written contract, and rewards to boost student completion (and accuracy) of homework. Students also learn the valuable skills of breaking down academic assignments into smaller, more manageable subtasks and setting priorities for work completion.

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Behavior Contracts for Primary Grades - EDITABLE

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Homework Contracts Book 3, 3e

Author: greg purcell and harry o'brien   series: homework contracts.

A relevant and comprehensive homework program for all primary students designed to reflect and reinforce the concepts taught at school at each year level.

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The new edition of this highly successful and comprehensive homework program provides students with relevant homework that reflects new curricula in Australia. Homework Contracts 3e takes a new approach to the treatment of homework by providing students with relevant homework based on the desired learning outcomes. Teachers can feel confident that the homework contracts they will be giving their students will follow up and reinforce work that is taught in schools at appropriate levels. Parents can see for themselves the type of work that their children do at school, and become part of the learning process by assisting their children when needed.

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