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scientific hypothesis
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- National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - On the scope of scientific hypotheses
- LiveScience - What is a scientific hypothesis?
- The Royal Society - On the scope of scientific hypotheses
scientific hypothesis , an idea that proposes a tentative explanation about a phenomenon or a narrow set of phenomena observed in the natural world. The two primary features of a scientific hypothesis are falsifiability and testability, which are reflected in an “If…then” statement summarizing the idea and in the ability to be supported or refuted through observation and experimentation. The notion of the scientific hypothesis as both falsifiable and testable was advanced in the mid-20th century by Austrian-born British philosopher Karl Popper .
The formulation and testing of a hypothesis is part of the scientific method , the approach scientists use when attempting to understand and test ideas about natural phenomena. The generation of a hypothesis frequently is described as a creative process and is based on existing scientific knowledge, intuition , or experience. Therefore, although scientific hypotheses commonly are described as educated guesses, they actually are more informed than a guess. In addition, scientists generally strive to develop simple hypotheses, since these are easier to test relative to hypotheses that involve many different variables and potential outcomes. Such complex hypotheses may be developed as scientific models ( see scientific modeling ).
Depending on the results of scientific evaluation, a hypothesis typically is either rejected as false or accepted as true. However, because a hypothesis inherently is falsifiable, even hypotheses supported by scientific evidence and accepted as true are susceptible to rejection later, when new evidence has become available. In some instances, rather than rejecting a hypothesis because it has been falsified by new evidence, scientists simply adapt the existing idea to accommodate the new information. In this sense a hypothesis is never incorrect but only incomplete.
The investigation of scientific hypotheses is an important component in the development of scientific theory . Hence, hypotheses differ fundamentally from theories; whereas the former is a specific tentative explanation and serves as the main tool by which scientists gather data, the latter is a broad general explanation that incorporates data from many different scientific investigations undertaken to explore hypotheses.
Countless hypotheses have been developed and tested throughout the history of science . Several examples include the idea that living organisms develop from nonliving matter, which formed the basis of spontaneous generation , a hypothesis that ultimately was disproved (first in 1668, with the experiments of Italian physician Francesco Redi , and later in 1859, with the experiments of French chemist and microbiologist Louis Pasteur ); the concept proposed in the late 19th century that microorganisms cause certain diseases (now known as germ theory ); and the notion that oceanic crust forms along submarine mountain zones and spreads laterally away from them ( seafloor spreading hypothesis ).
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The statement that is a hypothesis is option A) If the temperature increases, then crickets will chirp more.A hypothesis is an educated guess or a prediction about the relationship between two variables. It is a statement that can be tested through research and experiments.
A hypothesis is a specific prediction based on previous research that can be tested in an experiment. Types of Hypotheses . 1) Null hypothesis: "If seeing this ad has no effect on how much people want the product, and if they watch the ad two more times, then they will not purchase the product any more than people who have not watched the ad."
When on the basis of certain facts about the object or subject we provide an explanation which is not proved is known as hypothesis. For example, Jada says that hand sanitizers are as effective as soap in destroying bacteria. Since, it is not proved by her and this statement shows just an explanation which is not experimentally found.
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like All theories are hypotheses, but not all hypotheses are theories. Francis wants to know if a specific hypothesis he is researching is a theory. Which describes how Francis would know the hypothesis is a theory? A. He could restate the hypothesis as a fact and no longer an explanation. B. He could determine whether the hypothesis ...
A. A hypothesis is a possible explanation of an observed set of facts B. A hypothesis is the first step in the scientific method C. A hypothesis is also referred to as an uneducated guess D. A hypothesis is the same thing as a theory, Which of the following is FALSE? A. A hypothesis should be created when the outcome for its test is known B.
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like A scientific theory must be supported with empirical evidence. T/F, When researchers replicate a study, they are seeking to __________. A. prove that the hypothesis upon which the study was founded is untestable B. develop a new hypothesis C. change the study to provide new results D. support or reject the hypothesis upon which ...
scientific hypothesis, an idea that proposes a tentative explanation about a phenomenon or a narrow set of phenomena observed in the natural world. The two primary features of a scientific hypothesis are falsifiability and testability, which are reflected in an "If…then" statement summarizing the idea and in the ability to be supported or ...
Which statement is a hypothesis? Jada decides to investigate the effectiveness of hand sanitizers compared to soap. She says that hand sanitizers are as effective as soap in destroying bacteria. Many sanitizers have alcohol as their main component. She performs a study in which people use sanitizers for one week and then soap for another week.
A cart is pushed and undergoes a certain acceleration. Consider how the acceleration would compare if it were pushed with twice the net force while its mass increased by four.
Give an example of a good hypothesis., Theory:, Law: and more. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like How do you write a specific, measurable, testable hypothesis? Give an example of a good hypothesis., Theory:, Law: and more. ... Have "if, then, because" A well written hypothesis as and "if, then, because" statement ...
Verified answer. Which statement is a testable scientific hypothesis? 2. verified. Verified answer. You want to restrict the values entered in a cell to a specified set, such as hop, skip, jump. Which type of data validation should you use?. 7. verified.
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like A hypothesis is best defined as, The two main categories of hypotheses are, A sample is and more. ... A statement reflecting that two or more things are equal to, or unrelated to, each other is called. a null hypothesis. The null hypothesis acts as both a(n) _____ and a(n ...
A statement that represents a hypothesis that these students might be using in their experiment is as follows:. If a toy car is rolled down ramps of different steepness, it will roll fastest on the steepest ramp.; Thus, the correct option for this question is A.. What is a Hypothesis? A hypothesis may be characterized as a tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables.
Question: Which statement best explains the difference between a hypothesis and a theory? Which statement best explains the difference between a hypothesis and a theory? Here's the best way to solve it. Powered by Chegg AI. View the full answer. Previous question Next question.
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like A pea plant exhibits a recessive trait. Which statement is most likely true about the plant?, In peas, yellow seed color (Y) is dominant to green seed color (y). Which describes an organism that has nonidentical alleles for seed color?, Which of Thomas Hunt Morgan's hypotheses was valid? and more.
Nursing questions and answers. Which statement is a null hypothesis?Group of answer choicesThe greater the amount of time spent outdoors by clients with Parkinson, the greater the likelihood of a fall.Among clients with Parkinson's disease, the risk of falling is higher outside than inside.Clients with Parkinson's disease are as likely to ...
A testable hypothesis is one that can be supported or disproven through experimentation or observation. Out of the given options, the statement that best exemplifies a testable hypothesis is (d) Iron rust will form slower in colder water. This hypothesis can be tested by observing the rate of rust formation in water at different temperatures.
the random change in the frequency of an allele in a population. the sum of all genetic traits in a population's individuals at a given time. A male cardinal's red color is an example of a trait affected by natural selection. The females of the species choose mates based on the vibrant colors of the males' feathers.
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