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CBSE 10th Practical Exam 2023 Science (Physics) Important Practical Based Question with Answers

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CBSE 10th Practical Exam 2023 : Science (Physics) Important Practical Based Question with Answers

This article contains some important practical-based questions class 10 Science (Physics) . Practical experiments help students to visualise and learn the various concepts of Physics. So, students are advised to prepare as well.

Students should try to score well in the practical exam as it can improve their overall score in the final board examination. 

General Instructions:

Read the following instructions very carefully and strictly follow them:

• There are 20 questions and all questions are compulsory.
• Questions 1 to 15 are of 1 mark and comprises of multiple-choice questions.
• Questions 16 to 20 are of 2 marks and comprises of short answer questions.

1) Studying the dependence of potential difference (V) across a resistor on the current (I) passing through it and determine its resistance.

i) An ammeter has 20 divisions between mark 0 and mark 2 on its scale. The least count of the ammeter is

a) 0.02A   b)0.01A   c) 0.2A d) 0.1A               

Answer - i) d) least count = 2/20 = 0.1 A 

ii) The current flowing through a resistor and the potential difference developed across its end are shown in figures given below. The value of resistance of the resistor is-

a) 0.5 ohms   b) 5.0ohms  c) 50 ohms  d) 500 ohms 

Answer -  ii) b) R = V / I, V=IXR, I=200x10 3 , 1/200x10 -3 , 10x10x10/200,= 10/2, = 5.0Ω

iii) Why it is advised to clean the ends of the connecting wires before connecting them?

Answer -  iii) To remove the insulating layer from the ends of wire.

iv) What is zero error?

Answer -   iv) If the pointer of the meter does not coincide with the zero of the scale when the circuit is open, this type of error in reading of the scale is called zero error.

VI) Why it is advised to take out the key from the plug when the observations are not being taken.?

Answer -    vi) because heating effect is produced by current which may cause variation in the value of resistance and unnecessary heating of wire is caused.

2)  a) Determination of the focal length of a concave mirror by obtaining the image of a distant object.

b) Determination of the focal length of a convex lens by obtaining the image of a distant object. 

i) The image of the distant object is formed at 30cm from a concave mirror. What is the focal length of the mirror?

a) 15cm   b) 30cm   c) 60cm   d) 10cm

Answer -  i) b) 30cm, as image of a distant object is formed at the principal focus of the mirror, focal length of the mirror is 30cm.

ii) For a spherical mirror, the relation between u, v and f is-

a) v-u=f b) 1/v1/u = 1/ f   c) 1/v + 1/u = 1/f     d) v + u = f

Answer -   ii) c) mirror formula, ie. 1/v + 1/u = 1/f

iii) You are provided with a convex lens of a focal length 50cm. To obtain a smaller inverted the distance of the object from the lens should be-

a) 50cm   b) 100cm   c) 20cm   d) 120cm

Answer -  iii) d)120cm for smaller inverted image object has to be beyond 2f

iv) What is the nature the image formed by a thin convex lens for a distant object? What will the change if the lens replaced by a thicker lens?

Answer -  iv) The image formed by a thin convex lens for a distant object will be real and inverted. When the lens is thicker then decrease in focal length will be observed.

v) What is meant by focal plane?

Answer -  v) Focal plane is vertical plane perpendicular to the principal axis and passing through focus.

vi) What is meant by optical centre of lens?

Answer -   vi)It is the point on principal axis of a lens, such that ray of light passing through it goes undeviated.

vii) On what factor, the ability of a lens to converge the light rays depends?

Answer -   vii)On its focal length.

3)Tracing the path of ray of light passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angle of incidence. Measure the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, angle of emergence and interpret the result.

i) Mayank while tracing the path of ray of light passing through the glass slab, fixes Two pins vertically on an inclined straight line and looks at the images of these pins from the other side, he should fix two other pins such that:

a) his eye and feet of the pin are in straight line. b) his eye and head of the pin are in straight line. c) his eye and middle point of the pin are in straight line. d) his eye and feet of the pins are in different line.

Answer -  i) a) his eye and feet of the pin are in straight line

ii) A teacher advises his students that they should take the angle of incidence not more than 60°. He instructs this because for higher angle of incidence, the emergent ray-

a) Moves along the same path sla b   b) Tends to graze along the side surface of glass

c) Tends to move along the normal   d) none of the above

Answer -   ii) b) more the angle of incidence the emergent ray tends to graze to side surface of the glass

iii) Four students I, II, III, IV have traced the path of ray of light passing through a glass slab. Who traced it correct among them-

Answer -  iii) c)   iv) On which factors does the refractive index of a medium depend?

Answer -   iv) density of the medium and nature of the medium.

v)In the glass slab experiment which one is greater angle of incidence or angle of refraction?

Answer -  v) when ray of light travels from rarer to denser medium <i> <r but when it travels from denser to rarer medium <i < <r

vi) Why do we measure perpendicular distance?

Answer -  vi) because incidence ray and emergent ray both are parallel to each other.

4) Tracing the path of ray of light through a glass prism.

i) If the emergent ray makes an angle of 40° with the second refracting surface of the prism, what is the angle of emergence-

a) 40°   b) 50°  c) 60°  d) 30° Answer -  i) b) 50°, Angle of emergence <e = 90° – 40° =50°

ii) White light splits into seven colours, when it passes through a prism. Choose the correct statement.

a) Blue light deviates more than the green light. b) Blue light deviates less than the green light. c) Both deviates equally. d) Blue light shows the least deviation.

Answer -  ii) a).

  iii) What do you mean by the refracting edge of the prism?

Answer -   iii) It is the edge where two rectangular refracting faces of the prism meet.

iv) State the relation between angle of incidence < i, angle of emergence <e, angle of deviation <d and angle of prism <A.

Answer -  iv) <A + <D = <i + <e

v) Which exciting phenomenon is shown by inclined refracting surfaces of glass prism?

Answer -  v) Refracting surface show the phenomenon of dispersion of light, they split the incident white light into its component.

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Life Processes | Class 10 | Activity 6.1 with Solution

Life processes | activities in text book with solution.

• ✅ Answer:  The leaf becomes colourless. Chlorophyll is dissolved in alcohol and the alcohol turns green.
• ✅ Answer: The green areas of leaf turn dark blue. It indicates the presence of starch. Colourless part of leaf shows no formation of starch.
• ✅ Answer:  The blue colour in green areas indicates the presence of starch. Colourless part of leaf shows no formation of starch.

• Activity 6.1
• Activity 6.2
• Activity 6.3
• Activity 6.4
• Activity 6.5
• Activity 6.6
• Activity 6.7
• Activity 6.8

👉  Other Chapters

Explain Activity 6.1 NCERT class 10 science Life processes

Activity 6.1 NCERT class 10 science chapter 6 Life processes

Procedure: Activity asks us to put a variegated leaf plant (e.g., Money plant) in the dark for three days, and in sunlight for a few hours. Then It asks to treat it with boiling alcohol and iodine solution.

Observation: Only the green coloured part of the leaf got the blue colour with the iodine solution while the white portion of the money plant leaf did not get the blue colour.

Inference: Only the green part of the leaf photosynthesize and make starch.

Explanation :

A variegated leaf contains green as well as a non-green part. The green part contains chlorophyll, while the non-green part is devoid of chlorophyll.

To begin with a fresh experiment, we put Leaf in the dark for a few days. Leaf in the dark do not photosynthesize new starch, and the plant consumes all its previous starch . Now the leaf is put into the sun. Here chlorophyll inside the chloroplast makes new starch. A broken leaf can not transport starch to different parts of the body. So this starch now remains localized to the green area only.

We now put the leaf into boiling alcohol. A boiling solution of alcohol breaks the cell wall and chloroplast. This breakage washes the chlorophyll into the solution. As a result, leaf loses its green colour and become colourless. The colourless leaf is easy to stain with iodine.

Now, when we put this colourless leaf into an iodine solution, only the green part of the leaf turn blue.

Detailed Conclusion/Inference:

In this experiment, we see that only the green part of the leaf turn blue with iodine. So, we can say only the green part of the leaf photosynthesize and produce starch. Since the green colour of the leaf is because of chlorophyll, we can also say that only chlorophyll-containing part of the leaf makes starch.

Next: activity 6.2 : Experiment to demonstrate carbon dioxide is necessary for photosynthesis.

See other activities questions from life processes chapter.

Life Processes MCQ

How do Organisms Reproduce MCQ

Exercise Solution: Life Processes.

Ref: NCERT class 10 Science, chapter 6.

variegated leaf wilki

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24 thoughts on “Explain Activity 6.1 NCERT class 10 science Life processes”

Then what will be the colour of the solution ?

Thanks a lot..very useful…

So, please you explained this activity properly.. And life process chapter can solve all activities in detail …and read between the lines. And science book all activies so, came in exam so, please solve… Ok.

The solution turns green in colour.

It helped me A lot.

What will be the color of alcohol solution ?

thanks a lot It really helped me a lot

Nice Explaination

Very nicely explained!

Thanks a lot

Thank you so much sir

Qno -1 answer -it was colourless because the chlorophyll is removed from cell bye the breakdown of cell membrane by the action of boiling alcohol .

Alchohol is a highly flammable substance. If it is heated directly then it will not only burn the leaf but also break the beaker and can cause damage to the person performing the activity. This is why it is heated with the help of a water bath. Hope this will help you!

Because it is not necessary

Thank you very much it really help me

It was an excellent explanation. Thank u very much

because alcohol is too votile thats why it cannot be heated directly , if done so it will catch fire and may harm the person performing the experiment .

Ans 1. Green patches of leaf shall become colorless after boiling in alcohol, since all the chlorophyll will come into alcohol, leaving behind newly synthesized starch in the green patches. Ans 2. The color of alcohol solution will turn bluish green. Ans 3. Refer to Ans 1 for first part of Q3. Potassium iodide/Iodine solution is light pink to wine red in color, depending upon the concentration. Low concentration iodine solution is light pink in color. After dipping the leaf, the intensity of color of iodine solution will further reduce since a part of iodine is now taken up by starch present in the leaf. Test of presence of starch in a mixture, by iodine solution is a standard test method. Starch is polymer of glucose and has helical elongated-thread like structure. Iodine molecules are trapped in the intra-molecular space of starch molecule and give intense blue-black color.

Q1 what is the colour of the leaf before iodine is added Q2 colour of the solution Q3 what is the colour of leaf and colour of solution (@) before starch test (B) after starch test

Because Alcohol is highly inflammable and it will burn the leaf . So, we heat the leaf indirectly in alcohol .

Why alcohol is not heated directly in this reaction??

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MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science Light Reflection and Refraction with Answers

Free PDF Download of CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Multiple Choice Questions with Answers. MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science with Answers was Prepared Based on Latest Exam Pattern. Students can solve NCERT Class 10 Science Light Reflection and Refraction Multiple Choice Questions with Answers to know their preparation level.

Class 10 Science MCQs Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

1. When light falls on a smooth polished surface, most of it (a) is reflected in the same direction (b) is reflected in different directions (c) is scattered (d) is refracted into the second medium

2. Image formed by reflection from a plane mirror is (a) real and inverted (b) virtual and erect (c) real and erect (d) virtual and inverted

3. If an incident ray passes through the focus, the reflected ray will (a) pass through the pole (b) be parallel to the principal axis (c) retrace its path (d) pass through the centre of curvature

4. Magnifying power of a concave lens is (a) always > 1 (b) always < 1 (c) always = 1 (d) can have any value

5. The image formed by a convex lens can be (a) virtual and magnified (b) virtual and diminished (c) virtual and of same size (d) virtual image is not formed

6. A point object is placed at a distance of 20 cm from a convex mirror of focal length 20 cm. The image will form at: (a) at infinity (b) at focus (c) at the pole (d) behind the mirror

7. Focal length of a concave mirror is (a) negative (b) positive (c) depends on the position of object (d) depends on the position of image

8. If the power of a lens is – 2 D, what is its focal length? (a) +50 cm (b) -100 cm (c) -50 cm (d) +100 cm

9. A spherical mirror and a spherical lens each have a focal length of -10 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be (a) both concave (b) both convex (c) the mirror is concave and the lens is convex (d) the mirror is convex and the lens is concave

10. If the magnification produced by a lens has a negative value, the image will be (a) virtual and inverted (b) virtual and erect (c) real and erect (d) real and inverted

11. When the object is placed between f and 2f of a convex lens, the image formed is (a) at f (b) at 2f (c) beyond 2f (d) between O and f

12. Which mirroji can produce a virtual, erect and magnified ifhage of an object? (a) Concave mirror (b) Convex mirror (c) Plane mirror (d) Both concave and convex mirrors

13. If the image is formed in front of the mirror, then the image distance will be (a) positive or negative depending on the size of the object (b) neither positive nor negative (c) positive (d) negative

14. A ray of light is travelling from a rarer medium to a denser medium. While entering the denser medium at the point of incidence, it (a) goes straight into the second medium (b) bends towards the normal (c) bends away from the normal (d) does not enter at all

Fill in the Blanks

1. Light shows the phenomena of reflection, refraction and ………. . 2. The speed of light in vacuum is ………. . 3. Power of’ a lens is the ………. of its focal length. 4. The SI unit of power is ………. . 5. A ………. lens will always give a virtual, erect and diminished image, irrespective of the position of the object. 6. A positive sign in the value of magnification indicates that the image is ………. . 7. A ………. mirror is used as a head mirror by the doctors to concentrate light on the body parts to be examined. 8. No matter how far you stand from a spherical mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror may be ………. .

1. dispersion 2. 3 x 108 m/s 3. reciprocal 4. dioptre 5. concave 6. virtual 7. concave 8. plane or convex mirror .

We hope the given MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science Light Reflection and Refraction with Answers will help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Multiple Choice Questions with Answers, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

3 thoughts on “MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science Light Reflection and Refraction with Answers”

A Very good collection of questions. May God bless you for this beautiful service to the young minds of our nation.

Yes this is a very good collection of questions. This is very usefull and helpfull questions

These MCQ’S are really helpfull for the final revision of the whole chapter.

Comments are closed.

Diagram Based Questions: Electricity | Science Class 10 PDF Download

Q1: Answer the following questions based on the diagram given below:

(i) What is the purpose of including a cell in this electric circuit? Ans:  The cell provides the source of electrical energy to the circuit, allowing current to flow and the bulb to light up.

(ii) Explain the function of the electric bulb in this circuit. Ans: The electric bulb is a component that emits light when electricity passes through it. In this circuit, it lights up when the circuit is complete.

(iii) Why is an ammeter included in this circuit, and what does it measure? Ans: The ammeter is included to measure the electric current flowing through the circuit. It measures the amount of current in amperes (A).

(iv) What role does the plug key play in this experiment? Ans: The plug key is a switch that can open or close the circuit. When it is closed (turned on), the circuit is complete, and current flows. When it is open (turned off), the circuit is broken, and current stops.

(i)  What does the diagram show regarding the arrangement of resistors? Ans: The diagram shows that the resistors are connected end-to-end in a single path, one after the other, forming a series circuit.

(ii) How does the total resistance in a series circuit compare to the individual resistances of the resistors? Ans: In a series circuit, the total resistance is equal to the sum of the individual resistances of all the resistors connected in series.

(iii) If two resistors, one with resistance 3 ohms and another with resistance 4 ohms, are connected in series, what is the total resistance of the circuit? Ans:   The total resistance of the circuit will be 3 ohms + 4 ohms = 7 ohms.

(iv) What happens to the current flowing through each resistor in a series circuit when additional resistors are added to the circuit? Ans:   In a series circuit, adding more resistors increases the total resistance of the circuit, which in turn reduces the overall current flowing through the entire circuit, including each resistor.

(i) What is meant by resistors in parallel? Ans:  Resistors in parallel are a configuration where two or more resistors are connected to the same two points in a circuit. In this setup, the current has multiple pathways to flow, and each resistor offers its own path for the current.

(ii) How does the total resistance of resistors in parallel compare to the individual resistances? Ans:  The total resistance of resistors in parallel is less than the smallest individual resistance. In other words, it is smaller than any single resistor in the parallel arrangement.

(iii) What happens to the total current when resistors are connected in parallel? Ans:  When resistors are connected in parallel, the total current flowing through the circuit increases compared to a single resistor. This is because the total resistance decreases, allowing more current to flow.

(iv) Can you explain why appliances in our homes are connected in parallel rather than in series? Ans: Appliances in our homes are connected in parallel because if they were connected in series, the total resistance would be too high, and the current would be insufficient to power all the appliances simultaneously. Parallel connections ensure that each appliance gets the required voltage and can operate independently.

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MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes

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Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes MCQs with Answers

Q.1. During respiration exchange of gases take place in (a) trachea and larynx (b) alveoli of lungs (c) alveoli and throat (d) throat and larynx

Q.2. Blood from superior vena cava flows into (a) right atrium (b) right ventricle (c) left atrium (d) left ventricle

Q.3. The green colour of plants is due to the presence of (a) chlorophyll (b) carotene (c) xanthophyll (d) starch

Q.4. The correct sequence of anaerobic reactions in yeast is [NCERT Exemplar]

Q.5. Lipase acts on (a) amino acids (b) fats (c) carbohydrates (d) all of these

Q.6. Blood consist of what fluid medium? (a) Lymph (b) Platelets (c) Plasma (d) All of these

Q.7. In which of the following vertebrate group/groups, heart does not pump oxygenated blood to different parts of the body? [NCERT Exemplar] (a) Pisces and amphibians (b) Amphibians and reptiles (c) Amphibians only (d) Pisces only

Q.8. A student sets up an experiment to study the role of enzymes in digestion of food.

In which test tube, the digestion of protein will occur? (a) Test tubes A as pepsin will breakdown protein into simple molecules. (b) Test tube B as HCl will breakdown protein into simple molecules. (c) Test tube A as pepsin will breakdown into simple molecules. (d) Test tube B as HCl will activate pepsin for breakdown of protein into simple molecules.

Q.9. In which part of the alimentary canal food is finally digested? [NCERT Exemplar] (a) Stomach (b) Mouth cavity (c) Large intestine (d) Small intestine

Q.10. When air is blown from mouth into a test-tube containing lime water, the lime water turned milky due to the presence of [NCERT Exemplar] (a) oxygen (b) carbon dioxide (c) nitrogen (d) water vapour

Q.11. Choose the correct path of urine in our body. [NCERT Exemplar] (a) Kidney →ureter →urethra →urinary bladder (b) Kidney →urinary bladder →urethra →ureter (c) Kidney →ureter →urinary bladder →urethra (d) Urinary bladder →kidney →ureter →urethra

Q.12. The internal (cellular) energy reserve in autotrophs is [NCERT Exemplar] (a) glycogen (b) protein (c) starch (d) fatty acid

Q.13. Which is the correct sequence of parts in human alimentary canal? [NCERT Exemplar] (a) Mouth →stomach →small intestine →oesophagus →large intestine (b) Mouth →oesophagus →stomach →large intestine →small intestine (c) Mouth →stomach →oesophagus →small intestine →large intestine (d) Mouth →oesophagus →stomach →small intestine →large intestine

Q.14. If salivary amylase is lacking in the saliva, which of the following events in the mouth cavity will be affected? [NCERT Exemplar] (a) Proteins breaking down into amino acids (b) Starch breaking down into sugars (c) Fats breaking down into fatty acids and glycerol (d) Absorption of vitamins

Q.15. Which is the first enzyme to mix with food in the digestive tract? [NCERT Exemplar] (a) Pepsin (b) Cellulase (c) Amylase (d) Trypsin

Q.16. The image shows the bread moulds on a bread. How these fungi obtain nutrition? (a) By using nutrients from the bread to prepare their own food. (b) By allowing other organisms to grow on the bread and then consuming them. (c) By breaking down the nutrients of bread and then absorbing them. (d) By eating the bread on which it is growing.

Q.17. A student sets up an experiment to study human respiration using lime water, test tube and a straw. Lime water is colourless in the absence of CO2 and is milky in its presence. The student fills a freshly prepared limewater in a test tube and blows air through straw into the limewater. It was observed that the solution turns cloudy as shown. What can be evaluated from this observation?

(a) Oxygen is exhaled during respiration. (b) Water vapours are produced during respiration. (c) Carbon dioxide is exhaled during respiration. (d) Glucose is produced during respiration.

Q.18. A student performs an experiment using a Balsam plant with intact stem, leaves, roots and flowers. The plant was kept in a test tube containing eosin solution (a pink colour dye). The test tube mouth was covered using cotton plug as shown.

The student kept the plant undisturbed in the lab. After 2-3 hours, a transverse section of stem was obtained using sharp scissors and studied under microscope. The studies reveal the presence of pink colour in the vessels of xylem. What does this observation explain? (a) Most portion of the plant stem is occupied by xylem. (b) Water moves through xylem in the plant. (c) Eosin solution gets stored in the xylem. (d) Xylem reacts with eosin and gives colour.

Q.19. A few drops of iodine solution were added to rice water. The solution turned blue-black in colour. This indicates that rice water contains [NCERT Exemplar] (a) complex proteins (b) simple proteins (c) fats (d) starch

Q.20. Single circulation, i.e., blood flows through the heart only once during one cycle of passage through the body, is exhibited by [NCERT Exemplar] (a) Labeo, Chameleon, Salamander (b) Hippocampus, Exocoetus, Anabas (c) Hyla, Rana, Draco (d) Whale, Dolphin, Turtle

Q.21. Lack of oxygen in muscles often leads to cramps among cricketers. This results due to [NCERT Exemplar] (a) conversion of pyruvate to ethanol (b) conversion of pyruvate to glucose (c) non conversion of glucose to pyruvate (d) conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid

Q.22. The opening and closing of the stomatal pore depends upon [NCERT Exemplar] (a) oxygen (b) temperature (c) water in guard cells (d) concentration of CO2 in stomata

Q.23. The inner lining of stomach is protected by one of the following from hydrochloric acid. Choose the correct one. (a) Pepsin (b) Mucus (c) Salivary amylase (d) Bile

Q.24. Rings of cartilage present in the throat ensure that (a) air is filtered (b) air is at room temperature (c) air passage does not collapse (d) air is free of microbes

Q.25. The image shows oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood in the human heart.

What is the direction of deoxygenated blood from right ventricle of the heart? (a) towards the lungs. (b) towards the left atrium of heart. (c) towards the upper body. (d) towards the lower body.

Q.26. Which of the following organisms absorbs nutrition with haustoria? (a) A carnivore (b) A herbivore (c) A parasite (d) A saprophyte

Q.27. The process by which Amoeba obtains food is called (a) phagocytosis (b) assimilation (c) diffusion (d) absorption

Q.28. Which of the following is not a digestive enzyme contained in the pancreatic juice? (i) Lipase (ii) Hydrochloric acid (iii) Mucus (iv) Trypsin (a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and (iv) (c) (ii) and (iii) (d) (i) and (iii)

Q.29. The enzymes pepsin and trypsin are secreted respectively by (a) stomach and pancreas (b) salivary gland and stomach (c) liver and pancreas (d) liver and salivary gland

Q.30. Among the following choose the correct option which includes the organisms that have a holozoic mode of nutrition: (a) Plasmodium and Amoeba (b) Parakeet and Amoeba (c) Paramecium and Plasmodium (d) Paramecium and Parasite

Q.31. Raw materials required in the autotrophic mode of nutrition involves: (i) Carbon dioxide and water (ii) Chlorophyll (iii) Nitrogen (iv) Sunlight (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) (i) and (ii) (c) (i), (ii) and (iv) (d) All (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Q.32. The enzymes in pancreatic juice help in the digestion of (a) fats and carbohydrates (b) proteins and fats (c) proteins and carbohydrates (d) proteins, fats and carbohydrates

Q.33. Which of the following help in protecting the inner lining of the stomach from the harmful effect of hydrochloric acid? (a) Mucus (b) Pepsin (c) Trypsin (d) Bile

Q.34. Sometimes we get painful cramps in our leg muscles after running for a long time due to the accumulation of (a) hydrochloric acid (b) fat (c) carbon dioxide (d) lactic acid

Q.35. The vein which brings clean blood from the lungs into the heart is known as (a) pulmonary vein (b) hepatic vein (c) superior vena cava (d) pulmonary artery

Q.36. Movement of the synthesized products from the leaves to the roots and other parts of a plant’s body takes place through the phloem. This process is known as (a) translocation (b) transpiration (c) transportation (d) excretion

Q.37. During deficiency of oxygen in tissues of human beings, pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid in the [NCERT Exemplar] (a) cytoplasm (b) chloroplast (c) mitochondria (d) golgi body

Q.38. Which among the following procedures is used for cleaning the blood of a person by separating the waste substance from it? (a) Kidney transplant (b) Blood transfusion (c) Dialysis (d) Hydrolysis

Q.39. The excretory unit of the human excretory system is known as (a) nephridia (b) neuron (c) nephron (d) kidneys

Q.40. Plants use the energy stored in ATP to accomplish the process of transportation of (a) water and minerals (b) oxygen (c) water, minerals and food (d) food

Q.41. Which element is used in the synthesis of proteins? (a) Hydrogen (b) Oxygen (c) Nitrogen (d) Carbon dioxide

Q.42. Temporary finger like extensions on Amoeba are called (a) cell membrane (b) cell wall (c) pseudopodia (d) cilia

Q.43. From the given picture of the digestive system, identify the part labelled as gastric gland. (a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

Q.44. Which among the following is necessary to carry out the blood coagulation in a cut or wound? (a) White blood cells (b) Blood plasma (c) Platelets (d) Red blood cells

Q.45. In which mode of nutrition an organism derives its food from the body of another living organism without killing it? (a) Saprotrophic nutrition (b) Parasitic nutrition (c) Holozoic nutrition (d) Autotrophic nutrition

Q.46. The mode of nutrition found in fungi is (a) parasitic nutrition (b) holozoic nutrition (c) autotrophic nutrition (d) saprotrophic nutrition

Q.47. Roots of the plants absorb water from the soil through the process of (a) diffusion (b) transpiration (c) osmosis (d) none of these

Q.48. The site of photosynthesis in the cells of a leaf is (a) chloroplast (b) mitochondria (c) cytoplasm (d) protoplasm

Q.49. In Amoeba, food is digested in the (a) food vacuole (b) mitochondria (c) pseudopodia (d) chloroplast

Q.50. Which region of the alimentary canal absorbs the digested food? (a) Stomach (b) Small intestine (c) Large intestine (d) Liver

Q.51. The contraction and expansion movement of the walls of the food pipe is called (a) translocation (b) transpiration (c) peristaltic movement (d) digestion

Q.52. The exit of unabsorbed food material is regulated by (a) liver (b) anus (c) small intestine (d) anal sphincter

Q.53. What are the products obtained by anaerobic respiration in plants? (a) Lactic acid + Energy (b) Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy (c) Ethanol + Carbon dioxide + Energy (d) Pyruvate

Q.54. The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water and energy takes place in (a) cytoplasm (b) mitochondria (c) chloroplast (d) nucleus

Q.55. Glycolysis process occurs in which part of the cell? (a) Cytoplasm (b) Nucleus (c) Mitochondria (d) Chloroplast

Q.56. Name the substances whose build up in the muscles during vigorous physical exercise may cause cramps? (a) Ethanol + Carbon dioxide + Energy (b) Lactic acid + Energy (c) Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy (d) Pyruvate

Q.57. Name the pores in a leaf through which respiratory exchange of gases takes place. (a) Lenticels (b) Vacuoles (c) Xylem (d) Stomata

Q.58. The respiratory pigment in human beings is (a) carotene (b) chlorophyll (c) haemoglobin (d) mitochondria

Q.59. Which plant tissue transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaf? (a) Xylem (b) Phloem (c) Parenchyma (d) Collenchyma

Q.60. A blood vessel which pumps the blood from the heart to the entire body is called (a) artery (b) capillary (c) vein (d) haemoglobin

Q.61. Name a circulatory fluid in the human body other than blood. (a) Platelets (b) RBC (c) Lymph (d) Plasma

Q.62. Which part of nephron allows the selective reabsorption of useful substances like glucose, amino acids, salts and water into the blood capillaries? (a) Tubule (b) Glomerulus (c) Bowman’s capsule (d) Ureter

Q.63. Where is the dirty blood in our body filtered? (a) Heart (b) Lungs (c) Ureter (d) Kidneys

Q.64. Autotrophic organisms include (a) bacteria and virus (b) bacteria and fungi (c) green plants and some bacteria (d) green plants and all bacteria

Q.65.Which of the following are chiefly digested in the stomach? (a) Carbohydrates (b) Proteins (c) Lipids (d) Fats

Q.66. Large intestine in man mainly carries out (a) absorption of water (b) assimilation (c) digestion of fats (d) digestion of carbohydrates

Q.67. The part of the digestive system where no digestion takes place is (a) ileum (b) stomach (c) mouth (d) oesophagus

Q.68. Arteries and veins are connected by a network of extremely narrow tubes called (a) sieve tubes (b) capillaries (c) vena cava (d) valves

Q.69. Which of the following are energy foods? (a) Carbohydrates and fats (b) Proteins and mineral salts (c) Vitamins and minerals (d) Water and roughage

Q.70. The fermentation of glucose by yeast normally yields (a) alcohol, CO2 and 36 ATP (b) CO2, H2O and 36 ATP (c) alcohol, CO2 and 2 ATP (d) lactic acid, CO2 and 2 ATP

Q.71. A large quantity of one of the following is removed from our body by lungs? (a) CO2 and H2O (b) CO2 only (c) H2O only (d) Ammonia

Q.72. In respiration, air passes through (a) Pharynx → nasal cavity → larynx → trachea bronchi → bronchioles (b) Nasal cavity → pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles (c) Larynx → nasal cavity → pharynx → trachea (d) Larynx → pharynx → trachea → lungs

Q.73. A biochemical compound that readily combines with oxygen and distributes it throughout the human body is (a) water (b) urea (c) haemoglobin (d) acetylcholine

Q.74. The process in which loss of water takes place in the form of water vapour through stomata is called (a) transportation (b) transpiration (c) guttation (d) translocation

Q.75. In a closed circulatory system, blood is completely enclosed within (a) vessels (b) heart (c) skeleton (d) sinuses

Q.76. Normal blood pressure (systolic/diastolic) is (a) 120/80 mm of Hg (b) 160/80 mm of Hg (c) 120 60 mm of Hg (d) 180/80 mm of Hg

Q.77. Blood pressure is measured by an instrument called (a) barometer (b) sphygmomanometer (c) photometer (d) manometer

Q.78. Which of the following statements is not correct? (a) Deoxygenated blood is poured into right atrium of heart. (b) The excretory units of flatworms are flame cells. (c) Human kidney has about 1 million nephridia. (d) Tracheids and vessels are non-living conducting tissues.

Q.79. The chlorophyll in photosynthesis is used for (a) absorbing light (b) breaking down water molecule (c) no function (d) reduction of CO2

Q.80. Proteins after digestion are converted into (a) carbohydrates (b) small globules (c) amino acids (d) starch

Q.81. Carbohydrates in the plants are stored in the form of (a) glycogen (b) starch (c) glucose (d) maltose

Q.82. Opening and closing of pores is a function performed by (a) stomata (b) chlorophyll (c) chloroplast (d) guard cells

Q.83. Bile juice is secreted by (a) stomach (b) pancreas (c) small intestine (d) liver

Q.84. Which of these juices is secreted by pancreas? (a) Trypsin (b) Pepsin (c) Bile juice (d) Both (a) and (b)

Q.85. Name the tube which connects the kidneys to the urinary bladder. (a) Urethra (b) Nephron (c) Tubule (d) Ureter

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11 thoughts on “ MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes ”

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Case Study Questions Class 10 Science Life Processes

Case study questions class 10 science chapter 6 life processes, cbse case based questions class 10 science chemistry chapter 6, case study : 2, case  study : 3, case study : 4.

iii) What is dialysis?

CASE STUDY : 5

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• The Human Eye and the Colourful World Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 11

Last Updated on August 30, 2024 by XAM CONTENT

Hello students, we are providing case study questions for class 10 science. Case study questions are the new question format that is introduced in CBSE board. The resources for case study questions are very less. So, to help students we have created chapterwise case study questions for class 10 science. In this article, you will find case study questions for cbse class 10 science chapter 11 The Human Eye and the Colourful World.

Table of Contents

Case Study Questions on The Human Eye and the Colourful World

Question 1:

Read the following and answer the questions given below:

Light of all the colour travel at the same speed in vacuum for all wavelengths. But in any transparent medium (glass or water), the light of different colours travel with different speeds for different wavelength that means that the refractive index of a particular medium is different for different wavelength. As there is a difference in their speeds, the light of different colour bend through different angles. The speed of violet colour is maximum and the speed of red colour is minimum in glass so, the red light deviates least and violet colour deviates most. Hence, higher the wavelength of a colour of light, smaller the refractive index and less is the bending of light.

λ r > λ v  and r n < v n . Also frequency, ν = c/λ.

(i) Which of the following statements is correct regarding the propagation of light of different colours of white light in air? (a) Red light moves fastest. (b) Blue light moves faster than green light. (c) All the colours of the white light move with the same speed. (d) Yellow light moves with the mean speed as that of the red and the violet light.

Difficulty Level: Medium

Ans. Option (c) is correct. Explanation: All the colours of the white light move with the same speed in air.

(ii) Which of the following is the correct order of wavelength? (a) Red > Green > Yellow (b) Red > Violet > Green (c) Yellow > Green > Violet (d) Red > Yellow > Orange

Difficulty Level: Easy

Ans. Option (c) is correct. Explanation: The increasing order of wavelength of visible spectrum is Violet < Indigo < Blue < Green < Yellow < Orange < Red So, the correct order is Yellow > Green > Violet

(iii) Which of the following is the correct order of speed of light in glass? (a) Red > Green > Blue (b) Blue > Green > Red (c) Violet > Red > Green (d) Green > Red > Blue

Ans. Option (b) is correct. Explanation: The more be the wavelength, more be the speed.

(iv) Which colour which has maximum frequency (a) Red (b) Violet (c) Blue (d) Green

Ans. Option (b) is correct. Explanation: Frequency is inversely proportional to the wavelength. Violet has minimum wavelength among all these colours, so violet has maximum frequency.

(v) Which of the following is the correct order of angle of deviation? (a) Red > Green > Blue (b) Blue > Yellow > Orange (c) Orange > Red > Green (d) Blue > Green > Violet

Ans. Option (b) is correct. Explanation: The angle of deviation is more for more refractive index.

Question 2:

The spreading of light by the air molecules is called scattering of light. The light having least wavelength scatters more. The sun appears red at sunrise and sunset, appearance of blue sky it is due to the scattering of light. The colour of the scattered light depends on the size of particles. The smaller the molecules in the atmosphere scatter smaller wavelengths of light. The amount of scattering of light depends on the wavelength of light. When light from sun enters the earth’s atmosphere, it gets scattered by the dust particles and air molecules present in the atmosphere. The path of sunlight entering in the dark room through a fine hole is seen because of scattering of the sun light by the dust particles present in its path inside the room.

(i) To an astronaut in a spaceship, the colour of earth appears (a) red (b) blue (c) white (d) black

Ans. Option (b) is correct. Explanation: Light is scattered by the air molecules present in atmosphere.

(ii) At the time of sunrise and sunset, the light from sun has to travel. (a) longest distance of atmosphere (c) both (a) and (b) (b) shortest distance of atmosphere (d) can’t say

Ans. Option (a) is correct. Explanation: As the distance between us and sun is more at the time of sunrise and sunset.

(iii) The colour of sky appears blue, it is due to the (a) refraction of light through the atmosphere (b) dispersion of light by air molecules (c) scattering of light by air molecules (d) all of these.

Ans. Option (c) is correct. Explanation: Due to the more scattering of blue colour by molecules of air.

(iv) At the time of sunrise and sunset (a) Blue colour scattered and red colour reaches our eye (b) Red colour scattered and blue colour reaches our eye (c) Green and blue scattered and orange reaches our eye (d) None of these

Ans. Option (a) is correct. Explanation: Red light being of largest wavelength blue scatter more, red scattered least.

(v) The danger signs made red in colour, because (a) the red light can be seen from farthest distance (b) the scattering of red light is least (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these

Ans. Option (c) is correct. Explanation: Scattering is least but velocity of red light is more.

• Electricity Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 12
• Metals and Non-metals Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 3
• Light – Reflection and Refraction Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 10
• Life Processes Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 6

Acids Bases and Salts Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Chapter 2

Chemical reactions and equations class 10 case study questions science chapter 1, topics from which case study questions may be asked.

• Structure of the Human Eye
• Functioning of the Eye
• Defects of Vision and Their Correction
• Prism and the Refractive Index
• Dispersion of Light
• Atmospheric Refraction
• Scattering of Light

Case study questions from the above topics may be asked.

Helpful Links for CBSE Class 10 Science Preparation

• Download 125 Important Case Study Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on The Human Eye and the Colourful World Case Study Questions

Q1: what are case study questions for cbse examinations.

A1: Case study questions in CBSE examinations typically involve scenarios or real-life examples, requiring students to apply their understanding of concepts to solve problems or analyze situations.

Q2: Why are case study questions important for understanding class 10 science chapters?

A2: Case study questions provide a practical context for students to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world situations, fostering deeper understanding and critical thinking skills.

Q3: How should students approach answering case study questions for CBSE?

A3: Students should carefully read the case study, identify the key issues or problems presented, analyze the information provided, apply relevant concepts and principles of chemical reactions and equations, and formulate well-supported solutions or responses.

Q4: Are there any resources available online for students to practice case study questions on class 10 science chapters for CBSE exams?

A4: Yes, several educational websites offer case study questions for CBSE students preparing for science examinations. We also offer a collection of case study questions for all classes and subject on our website. Visit our  website  to access these questions and enhance your learning experience. If you need more case study questions for your preparation, then you visit Physics Gurukul website.

Q5: How can students effectively prepare for case study questions on The Human Eye and the Colourful World for CBSE exams?

A5: Effective preparation strategies include regular revision of concepts, solving practice questions, analyzing case studies from previous exams, seeking clarification on doubts, and consulting with teachers or peers for guidance and support.

Q6: How can teachers incorporate case study questions on The Human Eye and the Colourful World class 10 science into classroom teaching?

A6: Teachers can integrate case studies into lesson plans, group discussions, or interactive activities to engage students in active learning, promote problem-solving skills, and facilitate a deeper understanding of The Human Eye and the Colourful World.

Q7: What is the power of accommodation of a normal eye?

Ans. A normal eye has a power of accommodation which enables objects as far as infinity and as close as 25 cm to be focussed on the retina.

Q8: What is meant by spherical aberration of a lens?

A8: The inability of a lens to bring all the rays coming from a point object to focus at a single point is known as spherical aberration.

Q9: Is the focal length of our eye lens fixed?

Q10: what is astigmatism how is it corrected.

A10: It is that defect of the eye due to which the image of a distant point source of light is formed, not as a point but as a vertical or a horizontal line. It can be corrected by using cylindrical lenses.

Q11: White light consists of seven colours. Is the refractive index of glass same for all colours?

A11: The refractive index of glass is different for each of the colours.

Q12: When a monochromatic light passes through a prism, will it show dispersion?

A12: No, it will not show any dispersion but will show only deviation.

Q13: When does an object appear black?

A13: When it absorbs all the colours incident on it.

Q14: Why does a rose appear red in daylight?

A14: Because it reflects only red colour to our eye, out of all the seven colours of sun light falling on it.

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The Making of a Scientist Class 10 Questions & Answers

Are you ready to dive into the world of " The Making of a Scientist ," Chapter 6 of the Class 10 English Footprints without Feet Book? We've got a treasure trove of extra questions and answers , and they're not just any run-of-the-mill queries; these are the keys to acing your CBSE Class 10 board exams in 2024-25!

Written by the talented Robert W. Peterson , this chapter is a must-know for all Class 10 students. Get ready to supercharge your preparation as we unveil a comprehensive Q&A guide to unravel the secrets of this fascinating journey in " The Making of a Scientist Class 10 Q&A ." Let's embark on this academic adventure together!

"The real teacher is the student's curiosity." Thibaut

The Making of a Scientist Class 10 Extra Questions & Answers

Q. No. 1) Multiple Choice Questions based on an extract:

“I didn’t get any real results,” he said. “But I went ahead and showed that I had tried the experiment. This time I won.” The next year his science fair project was testing the theory that viceroy butterflies copy monarchs. The theory was that viceroys look like monarchs because monarchs don’t taste good to birds. Viceroys, on the other hand, do taste good to birds. So, the more they look like monarchs, the less likely they are to become a bird’s dinner. Ebright’s project was to see whether, in fact, birds would eat monarchs. He found that a starling would not eat ordinary bird food. It would eat all the monarchs it could get.

i. Choose the option listing Ebright’s qualities as depicted by the above extract.

• persevering

Ans. Option (c)

ii. According to the dictionary, ‘fair’ as a noun, shows the following meanings.

Choose the option that lists the meaning similar to the usage to that in the extract.

a. A gathering of stalls and amusements for public entertainment.

b. A competitive exhibition showcasing products or ideas.

c. A periodic gathering for the sale of goods.

d. An annual exhibition of livestock, agricultural products, etc., held by a town, county, or state.

Ans. Option (b)

iii. Choose the option that is true for the two statements given about the information in the extract.

• Statement 1- Starling feeds on viceroys.
• Statement 2- Starling does not eat seeds and insects.

a. Both statements are clearly mentioned in the extract.

b. Statement 1 cannot be clearly inferred from the text and statement 2 is true.

c. Statement 1 is false and statement 2 cannot be clearly inferred from the extract.

d. Both statements need to be inferred from the given extract.

iv. Choose the statements that are TRUE for the given extract contextually.

• Ebright didn’t get any results for the experiment he conducted on butterflies.
• Monarchs tasted awful to the birds.
• Ebright wanted to explore the possibility of monarchs getting eaten by birds.
• He wanted to prove that viceroys were lookalikes of monarchs.

v. Four friends bring their pets to a pet show. Choose the option that mentions the friend with a starling as a pet.

a. Friend 1

b. Friend 2

c. Friend 3

d. Friend 4

Ans. Option (d)

Q. No. 2) Multiple Choice Questions based on an extract

When he saw those photos, Ebright didn’t shout, ‘Eureka!’ or even, ‘I’ve got it!’ But he believed that, along with his findings about insect hormones, the photos gave him the answer to one of biology’s puzzles: how the cell can ‘read’ the blueprint of its DNA. DNA is the substance in the nucleus of a cell that controls heredity. It determines the form and function of the cell. Thus, DNA is the blueprint for life. Ebright and his college roommate, James R. Wong, worked all that night drawing pictures and constructing plastic models of molecules to show how it could happen. Together they later wrote a paper that explained the theory.

i. Choose the option that shows the picture of the type of task Ebright and Wong were engaged in, as per the extract.

a. Option (1)

b. Option (2)

c. Option (3)

d. Option (4)

ii. Ebright was perhaps expected to shout ‘Eureka!’ because he had

a. realized that he needed a partner to work with to finalize his findings.

b. discovered something new and ‘Eureka!’ was a cry to announce it.

c. worked hard and was relieved at nearing the end of his project.

d. given shape to the teachings of his teachers by choosing this field of science.

iii. “Thus, DNA is the blueprint for life”, is another way of saying that DNA contains a genetic __________.

a. experiment

b. ultimatum

c. takeaway

iv. Four newspapers published a headline about Ebright and Wong. Choose the option that publishes a factually correct headline, as per the extract.

a. Newspaper 1

b. Newspaper 2

c. Newspaper 3

d. Newspaper 4

v. Compound words are those words that are formed by joining two separate words to create a new word with an entirely different meaning.

Choose the option that lists the compound words from the above extract.

Q. No. 3) Read the given extract and answer the questions given.

The question he tried to answer was simple: What is the purpose of the twelve tiny gold spots on a monarch pupa?

“Everyone assumed the spots were just ornamental,” Ebright said.

“But Dr. Urquhart didn’t believe it.”

To find the answer, Ebright and another excellent science student first had to build a device that showed that the spots were producing a hormone necessary for the butterfly’s full development. This project won Ebright first place in the county fair and entry into the International Science and Engineering Fair. There he won third place for zoology. He also got a chance to work during the summer at the entomology laboratory of the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research.

(The Making of a Scientist)

i. State any one inference about Dr Urquhart from the given context:

Everyone assumed the spots were just ornamental,” Ebright said.

“But Dr Urquhart didn’t believe it.”

Ans. We can infer that –

• Dr Urquhart was a scientist who questioned assumptions
• He was willing to investigate alternative explanations for phenomena
• Dr Urquhart was a curious/open-minded scientist
• He was not content to simply accept conventional wisdom

ii. State TRUE or FALSE.

None of the terms (a) -(d) below, can be applied to the question - What is the purpose of the twelve tiny gold spots on a monarch pupa?

a. A hypothesis - a proposed explanation for a phenomenon

b. An assumption - something that is taken for granted or assumed to be true without proof

c. A premise - a proposition that forms the basis of an argument

d. A theory - a well-substantiated explanation for a natural phenomenon

Ans. TRUE [This statement would not be called a hypothesis, assumption, premise, or theory. It is simply a statement of the question that Ebright was trying to answer.]

iii. Ebright's approach to finding the purpose of the gold spots on a monarch pupa was highly effective. Elaborate in about 40 words, with reference to the extract.

Ans. Ebright's approach was highly effective in finding the purpose of the gold spots on a monarch pupa. By building a device that showed that the spots were producing a hormone necessary for the butterfly’s full development, he was able to provide evidence that contradicted the prevailing assumption that the spots were purely ornamental. This earned him recognition in science fairs and provided him with opportunities to work at research laboratories.

[The question requires a judgment on the effectiveness of Ebright's approach in finding the purpose of the gold spots. The answer should include specific reasons for the effectiveness of his approach, such as the evidence he provided]

iv. Which phrase would correctly substitute 'a chance', in the given sentence from the extract.

He also got a chance to work during the summer at the entomology laboratory of the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research.

Ans. An opportunity

Q. No. 4) Do you think Richard’s mother was too indulgent when she bought him things like cameras, telescopes, and microscopes? Give two reasons to support your answer.

Ans. No, I do not think Richard's mother was too indulgent when she bought him things like cameras, telescopes, and microscopes.

Two reasons to support my answer are:

• Richard's mother was supporting his passion for science. She provided him with the tools he needed to explore his interests and learn more about the world around him.
• Richard's mother was investing in his future. She knew that a good education and a strong foundation in science would give him many opportunities in life.

Q. No. 5) Validate the importance of small, fun learning tasks towards successful careers, in the context of Richard Ebright in The Making of a Scientist .

• Started the collection and breeding of butterflies as a fun activity.
• Got curious about the gold spots and the secretion from them.
• Was able to develop a theory of cell structure and later DNA because of it.
• Fun learning resulted in a career as a renowned successful scientist.

Q. No. 6) How was Ebright an all-rounder?

Ans. Ebright was not only good in science and academics but also in games. In addition to his passion for science, he has excelled in debating, public speaking, canoeing, and outdoor activities. His skills as a photographer, particularly in capturing nature and scientific exhibits, further demonstrate his versatility.

Q. No. 7) The book, ‘The Travels of Monarch X’ ignited Richard’s curiosity in butterflies further.

Do you think sometimes, people or things around us can act as catalysts to shape our lives? Explain how.

Ans. People and things can act as catalysts in our lives by sparking our curiosity, inspiring us, and helping us to grow and learn.

Q. No. 8) How important is curiosity to scientific exploration and discovery? Justify your answer with examples from the text The Making of a Scientist.

Ans. Curiosity is extremely important to scientific exploration and discovery. It is curiosity that leads a person to question things around them, which in turn could help them stumble onto new discoveries.

• It was Ebright's curiosity that led him to collect items such as butterflies, fossils, and coins. His desire to explore and constantly learn served as the foundation for his future scientific pursuits.
• It was curiosity that led Ebright to investigate different aspects of butterflies for his school projects. Since he was curious to understand the cause of the viral disease that killed monarch butterflies, that was what he studied.
• While in high school, Ebright was curious about the purpose of the twelve gold spots found on a monarch pupa. This drove him to conduct more research on the topic, which indirectly led to his new theory on the life of cells.

Q. No. 9) Suggest two ways by which you feel scientific temperament can be developed in a child.

Ans. Two ways to develop scientific temperament in a child are:

• Encourage curiosity and questioning.  Encouraging children to ask questions about the world around them and to explore their interests. Don't be afraid to say "I don't know, but let's find out together."
• Provide opportunities for hands-on learning.  Let children experiment and learn from their mistakes. Help them to develop critical thinking skills by asking them to explain their observations and conclusions.

Q. No. 10) Richard’s mother was his companion and spent a lot of time with him. A parent should try to be a companion to a child. Justify.

Ans. Parents should try to be companions to their children because:

• It helps to build a strong and trusting relationship. When children feel like they can talk to their parents about anything, they are more likely to open up to them and share their thoughts and feelings. This can help to prevent problems down the road.
• It helps children to learn and grow. When parents spend time with their children and engage in activities that they enjoy, they are helping them to learn about the world around them and develop their interests.
• It creates lasting memories. The time that parents spend with their children is precious and fleeting. By making time for their children and being their companions, parents are creating memories that will last a lifetime.

Q. No. 11) Do you think we always need sophisticated instruments for all science experiments? Why/ Why not?

Ans. We do not always need sophisticated instruments for science experiments. Simple tools are often sufficient for basic experiments, but more complex experiments may require specialized equipment.

Q. No. 12) You have been requested to write a brief blog post for a Science blog for kids on the theme-‘Science is Real’.

Based on your understanding of the chapter, write the blog highlighting how science pervades every aspect of our lives.

You may begin like this:

Scienceforkidsblogger.com Monday, October 19, 2020

SCIENCE IS LIFE

.....................................................................................................

Science is everywhere! It's in the food we eat, the clothes we wear, the technology we use, and even the air we breathe. Science is the study of the natural world, and it helps us to understand how things work.

Here are just a few examples of how science pervades every aspect of our lives:

• Food:  Science is used to grow our food, process it, and keep it safe. For example, scientists develop new crop varieties that are more resistant to pests and diseases. They also develop new ways to preserve food, such as freezing and canning.
• Medicine:  Science is used to develop new medicines and treatments for diseases. For example, scientists have developed vaccines to prevent diseases such as polio and measles. They have also developed new treatments for cancer and other serious illnesses.
• Technology:  Science is used to develop all sorts of new technologies, such as smartphones, computers, and the internet. These technologies make our lives easier and more convenient. For example, smartphones allow us to stay connected with friends and family, and computers allow us to access information from all over the world.
• Transportation:  Science is used to develop new modes of transportation, such as airplanes, cars, and trains. These modes of transportation allow us to travel long distances quickly and easily. For example, airplanes allow us to travel to different countries in just a few hours.

Science is an important part of our lives, and it helps us to live better and healthier lives. It's important to learn about science and to appreciate the role that it plays in our world.

Q. No. 13) Richard’s mother had been invited to a talk show after Richard’s graduation from Harvard with the highest honors. You attended the talk show. Write the most memorable thing she said and what you think it reveals about her.

Ans. The most memorable thing that Richard's mother said on the talk show was:

"I'm not sure what I did right, but I always tried to support Richard's interests and encourage his curiosity. I think that's the most important thing parents can do for their children."

This reveals that Richard's mother was a supportive and encouraging parent. She valued her son's interests and curiosity, and she created an environment where he could thrive. She also understood that she didn't need to have all the answers herself. She was willing to learn with her son and help him to find the resources he needed.

I believe that Richard's mother's words are a valuable reminder to all parents. We should support our children's interests and encourage their curiosity. We should also be willing to learn with them and help them to find the resources they need.

Q. No. 14) Why do you think Mr. Weiherer was pleased that Richard Ebright not only put in the nightly research hours towards butterflies but also his other interests?

• Mr. Weiherer was pleased that Ebright balanced academics as well as recreational pursuits (hobbies etc.);
• As a teacher, he wanted Ebright’s growth as a well-rounded personality.

Q. No. 15) The will to win, for the right reasons, was a quality that Richard had.

Do you think this quality alone can help us accomplish great feats? Why/ Why not?

Ans. The will to win, for the right reasons, can help us accomplish great feats, but it is not the only quality that is necessary. Other factors such as hard work, dedication, and perseverance are also essential.

The will to win can motivate us to push ourselves harder and to never give up on our goals. It can also help us to overcome challenges and setbacks. However, it is important to have the right reasons for wanting to win. If we are only motivated by the desire to be better than others or to gain fame and fortune, then our success will be hollow.

True success comes from winning for the right reasons, such as to make a difference in the world or to achieve our personal best. When we have the right reasons for wanting to win, we are more likely to stay focused and motivated, even when things get tough.

Q. No. 16) Parents play a crucial role in the upbringing of their children. Critically examine the parents of Bholi and Ebright, highlighting their impact on their children’s lives.

Ans. Students may draw upon the following:

• crucial and indelible role played by parents
• parents influence their children both implicitly (indirectly) and explicitly (directly)
• are role models, first teachers, friends, companions, guides
• Richard H. Ebright’s mother- loving, caring, understanding, a friend, a companion
• filled the vacuum in Ebright’s life in his father’s absence
• invested time and energy in his upbringing which made him see the heights of success
• Bholi’s parents – uncaring, indifferent, biased, insensitive, had a patriarchal mindset
• traditional outlook- did not believe in the education of girls, totally indifferent to Bholi and her needs, neglected her
• did not bother to groom her (oil her hair, give her good clothes to wear)
• sent her to school not to educate her but to save their own face
• despite their prosperity, they left Bholi to her own misery. The worst was when they decided to marry her off to Bishamber
• The contribution and companionship of parents cannot be denied. Love, care, and guidance from parents make a difference, sculpt children, and shape their future.

Q. No. 17) Imagine Richard wrote a letter to his mother when he was studying at Harvard University for motivating him and being a constant source of support throughout his growing up years. Write that letter of gratitude as Richard.

Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts

20 September 1981

Mrs. Ebright Reading Pennsylvania

It’s been long since I’ve written to you. ……………………………...

It's been long since I've written to you. I've been so caught up with my studies here at Harvard, but I wanted to take a moment to express my deepest gratitude for your unwavering support and motivation throughout my growing-up years.

I know I wasn't always the easiest child to raise. I was inquisitive, sometimes to a fault, and I often challenged authority. But you never once discouraged my curiosity or my thirst for knowledge. Instead, you nurtured my interests and encouraged me to pursue my dreams.

I remember all the times you would take me to museums, science centers, and libraries. You would patiently answer all my questions, no matter how silly they may have seemed. You never made me feel like my curiosity was a burden.

And when I was struggling in school, you were always there to help me. You would stay up late with me, tutoring me in math or science. You never gave up on me, even when I was ready to give up on myself.

Your support and encouragement have been the driving force behind my success. I know I wouldn't be where I am today without you.

Thank you for being the best mom a son could ask for.

Love always, Richard

Q. No. 18) Albert Einstein said, ‘The important thing is to never stop questioning.’ Richard was a genius who proved this quote true. Justify.

Ans. Richard Ebright's life is a testament to the importance of never stopping questioning. From a young age, Richard was a curious and inquisitive child. He was always asking questions about the world around him, and he was never satisfied with easy answers.

This thirst for knowledge led Richard to make significant contributions to the field of science. For example, as a high school student, he conducted research that led to the discovery of an unknown insect hormone. This discovery was a major breakthrough in our understanding of insect development.

Richard's questioning nature also led him to challenge prevailing scientific theories. For example, he was one of the first scientists to question the dogma that DNA was a static molecule. Instead, he believed that DNA was a dynamic molecule that could be regulated. This belief eventually led to his discovery of the mechanism by which DNA is transcribed.

Richard's willingness to question authority and to challenge the status quo made him a true pioneer in the field of science. His work has had a profound impact on our understanding of the world, and it continues to inspire scientists today.

In short, Richard Ebright is a prime example of why it is so important to never stop questioning. By asking questions, we challenge ourselves to think critically and to explore new ideas. This is essential for scientific progress, and it is also essential for personal growth.

Q. No. 19) Imagine you are Richard. You have been invited by Mr. Weiherer to deliver a short address to the students at your erstwhile school. You have been asked to encourage them to take an interest in the study of Science and how research in Science can help the world. Write that short speech.

Ans. Good morning, students.

It is an honor to be back at my erstwhile school. I have many fond memories of my time here, and I am grateful for the foundation that I received in science education.

I am here today to talk to you about the importance of science. Science is the study of the natural world, and it is essential for understanding how the world works. Science has helped us to solve some of the most pressing problems facing humanity, such as disease, hunger, and poverty.

Research in science is helping to create a better future for all of us. For example, scientists are working on developing new vaccines to prevent diseases, new crops that are resistant to pests and diseases, and new sources of energy that are cleaner and more sustainable.

I encourage you to take an interest in the study of science. Science is a fascinating and rewarding field, and it can open up a world of possibilities for you. If you are curious about the world around you, then science is the right field for you.

So, don't be afraid to ask questions. Don't be afraid to challenge the status quo. And don't be afraid to dream big. Science can help you achieve your dreams and make a difference in the world.

Hope you liked these Important Questions & Answers on Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Boo k Chapter 6 'The Making of a Scientist' by Robert W. Peterson. Please share this with your friends and do comment if you have any doubts/suggestions to share.

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Question 1 - Case Based Questions - Chapter 2 Class 10 Political Science - Federalism - Political Science

Last updated at April 16, 2024 by Teachoo

Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:

An experiment in brazil:, a city called porto alegre in brazil has carried out an extraordinary experiment in combining decentralisation with participative democracy. the city has set up a parallel organisation operating alongside the municipal council, enabling local inhabitants to take real decisions for their city. the nearly 13 lakh people in this city get to participate in making the budget for their own city. the city is divided into many sectors or what we call wards. each sector has a meeting, like that of the gram sabha, in which anyone living in that area can participate. there are some meetings to discuss issues that affect the entire city. any citizen of the city can participate in those meetings. the budget of the city is discussed in these meetings. the proposals are put to the municipality that takes a final decision about it. about 20,000 people participate in this decision making exercise every year. this method has ensured that the money cannot be spent only for the benefit of the colonies where rich people live. buses now run to the poor colonies and builders cannot evict slum-dwellers without resettling them. in our own country, a similar experiment has taken place in some areas in kerala. ordinary people have participated in making a plan for the development of their locality. , answer the following questions on the basis of the above passage:, question (i), which city of brazil has carried out an extraordinary experiment what was the experiment.

From the Paragraph,

A city called Porto Alegre in Brazil has carried out an extraordinary experiment in combining  decentralization with participative democracy. The city has set up a parallel organisation operating alongside the municipal council, enabling local inhabitants to take real decisions for their city.

Porto Alegre, a city in Brazil has carried out an extraordinary experiment. This experiment includes c ombining decentralization with participative democracy .

Question (ii)

What has the city set up and why.

A city called Porto Alegre in Brazil has carried out an extraordinary experiment in combining decentralization with participative democracy. The city has set up a parallel organisation operating alongside the municipal council, enabling local inhabitants to take real decisions for their city.

Porto Alegre set up a parallel organization that was operating alongside the municipal council that enables the local inhabitants to take real decisions for the city.

Question (iii)

What has this method ensured its people.

About 20,000 people participate in this decision-making exercise every year. T his method has ensured that the money cannot be spent only for the benefit of the colonies where rich people live.  Buses now run to the poor colonies and builders cannot evict slum-dwellers without resettling them. 

• This method has ensured that the money cannot be spent solely for the benefit of wealthy colonies.
• Buses now run to poor colonists, and builders cannot evict slum dwellers without relocating them.

Davneet Singh

Davneet Singh has done his B.Tech from Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. He has been teaching from the past 14 years. He provides courses for Maths, Science, Social Science, Physics, Chemistry, Computer Science at Teachoo.

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Home » 10th Class » ICSE Competency Based Questions Home Science | Class 10 Competency Practice Questions

ICSE Competency Based Questions Home Science | Class 10 Competency Practice Questions

ICSE Competency Based Questions Home Science are available for download here on aglasem.com. These ICSE Competency Based Questions include MCQs, fill in the blanks, short answer questions, long answer questions, and answer key from the Home Science curriculum and need you to apply understanding a little beyond the ICSE class 10 textbook. For CISCE students, understanding and mastering these questions is crucial for success in Home Science exam. Here you will understand what Competency Based Questions for Home Science are, how they differ from traditional questions, and get tips on tackling these questions. You can also download ICSE Competency Based Questions Home Science PDF for Class 10 below.

ICSE Competency Based Questions Home Science

Here you can access a wide array of ICSE Competency Based Questions for the Home Science subject. The PDF includes Multiple Choice Questions, Fill in the Blanks, Short Answer Questions, and Long Answer Questions, along with the answer key for class 10 Home Science. The ICSE Competency Based Questions for Class 10 Home Science can be found here.

Class 10 Competency Focused Practice Questions Download Link – Click Here to Download ICSE CBQ PDF

ICSE Competency Based Questions Home Science PDF

The complete pdf for competency focused practice questions for Home Science is as follows.

What are Home Science Competency Based Questions?

These are designed to evaluate a student’s understanding of concepts of Home Science, their ability to apply knowledge in real-life situations, and their critical thinking skills. Unlike traditional questions that may focus on rote learning or memorization, Competency Focused Questions require students to demonstrate a deeper comprehension of the subject matter (Home Science). These questions measure various competencies in the Home Science subject, such as problem-solving, logical reasoning, creativity, and subject-specific skills.

For Class 10 Competency Based Questions of Home Science , students are expected to think beyond the Home Science textbook and demonstrate their skills in a way that aligns with real-world applications.

ICSE 10 Competency Based Questions

In addition to Home Science, the Competency Focused Questions for all subjects for CISCE students in 10th standard are as follows.

• Commercial Studies
• English Language
• English Literature
• History and Civics
• Home Science
• Mathematics

CISCE Board CBQ

Similarly the class wise CBQ practice question bank for CISCE board are as follows.

• ICSE Competency Based Questions
• ISC Competency Based Questions

CISCE Class 10 Home Science Competency Questions  – An Overview

The highlights of this educational resource are as follows.

Competency Based Questions are revolutionizing the way ICSE students approach their studies. By focusing on the core competencies required by the ICSE board, students in Class 10 can develop the skills necessary to excel academically and beyond. Whether you are dealing with Class 10 Home Science Competency Based Questions or any other subject, remember to focus on understanding, application, and critical thinking.

Start practicing today, and make these questions a core part of your study strategy. The more you engage with these questions, the more confident you’ll become in your ability to tackle any challenge that comes your way!

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NCERT Solutions for Class 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts

September 27, 2019 by Veerendra

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids And Bases:  In this article, we will provide you with NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids And Bases .  Having proper knowledge of the theories, sufficient practice of the reactions, equations and formulas, and solving questions from the NCERT Chemistry books are very important if you want to score well in Science for Class 10 board exams as well as JEE and NEET. Going through the step-wise solutions for every question too is highly important to bag a good score.

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Notes for Acids And Bases  has been provided by India’s topmost Chemistry teachers. Also in this article, you will find the Step-wise explanation for each and every question. Going through them will help you in getting a better understanding of how to solve problems. Read on to find out NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Exercise and Extra Questions.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids and Bases

Before getting into the details of NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids And Bases, let’s have an overview of topics & subtopics under NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Activities:

• Acids, Bases And Salts
• Understanding The Chemical Properties Of Acids And Bases
• What Do All Acids And All Bases Have In Common?
• How Strong Are Acid Or Base Solutions?
• More About Salts

Free download NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids And Bases PDF in Hindi Medium as well as in English Medium for CBSE, Uttarakhand, Bihar, MP Board, Gujarat Board, and UP Board students, who are using NCERT Books based on updated CBSE Syllabus for the session 2019-20.

• Acids, Bases and Salts Class 10 Page No 18
• Acids, Bases and Salts Class 10 Page No 22
• Acids, Bases and Salts Class 10 Page No 25
• Acids, Bases and Salts Class 10 Page No 28
• Acids, Bases and Salts Class 10 Page No 33
• Class 10 Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts Chapter End Questions
• Class 10 Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions)
• अम्ल, क्षार एवं लवण कक्षा 10 विज्ञान हिंदी में
• Class 10 Acids Bases and Salts Important Questions
• Acids Bases and Salts Class 10 Notes
• Acids Bases and Salts NCERT Exemplar Solutions
• Acids, Bases and Salts Class 10 Extra Questions

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Intext Questions

Page Number: 18

Question 1 You have been provided with three test tubes. One of them contains distilled water and the other two contain an acidic solution and a basic solution, respectively. If you are given only red litmus paper, how will you identify the contents of each test tube ? Answer: (i) Put the red litmus paper in all the test tubes, turn by turn. The solution which turns red litmus to blue will be a basic solution. The blue litmus paper formed here can now be used to test the acidic solution. (ii) Put the blue litmus paper obtained above in the remaining two test-tubes, turn-by-turn. The solution which turns the blue litmus paper to red will be the acidic solution. (iii) The solution which has no effect on any litmus paper will be neutral and hence it will be distilled water.

Page Number: 22

Question 1 Why should curd and sour substances not be kept in brass and copper vessels ? Answer: Curd and sour substances should not be kept in brass and copper vessels because these and other sour food-stuffs contain acids which can react with the metal of the vessel to form poisonous metal compounds which can cause food poisoning and affect our health adversely.

Page Number: 25

Question 1 Why do HCl, HNO 3 , etc show acidic characters in aqueous solutions while solutions of compounds like alcohol and glucose do not show acidic character ? Answer: H + ions in aqueous solution are responsible for acidic character. HCl, HNO 3 , etc. give H + ions in water while alcohol and glucose do not give H + ion in water. Therefore, alcohol and glucose do not show acidic character.

Question 2 Why does an aqueous solution of an acid conduct electricity ? Answer: The aqueous solution of an acid conducts electricity due to the presence of charged particles called ions in it.

Question 3 Why does dry HCl gas not change the colour of the dry litmus paper ? Answer: Dry HCl gas does not give H + ions and therefore does not change the colour of dry litmus paper.

Question 4 While diluting an acid, why is it recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid ? Answer: While diluting an acid it is recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid because if water is added to concentrated acid to dilute it, then a large amount of heat is evolved at once. This heat changes some of the water to steam explosively which can splash the acid on one’s face or clothes and cause acid burns.

Question 5 How is the concentration of hydronium ions (H 3 O + ) affected when a solution of an acid is diluted ? Answer: When a given amount of an acid is added to water, there is a fixed number of hydronium ions per volume of the solution. On dilution, the number of hydronium ions per volume decreases and concentration decreases.

Question 6 How is the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH – ) affected when excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide ? Answer: The concentration of hydroxide ions will increase when excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide, but it happens to a limited extent only after which the concentration becomes almost constant.

Page Number: 28

Question 1 You have two solutions A and B. The pH of solution A is 6 and pH of solution B is 8. Which solution has more hydrogen ion concentration? Which of this is acidic and which one is basic ? Answer: A pH value of less than 7 indicates an acidic solution, while greater than 7 indicates a basic solution. Since solution A has more hydrogen ion concentration, solution A is acidic and solution B is basic.

Question 2 What effect does the concentration of H + (aq) ions have on the nature of the solution ? Answer: More the concentration of H + ions, higher the acidic nature of the solution.

Question 3 Do basic solutions also have H + (aq) ions ? If yes, then why are these basic ? Answer: Basic solutions have H + (aq) ions. But these are far less in number than OH – ions that is responsible for their basic nature.

Question 4 Under what soil condition do you think a farmer would treat the soil of his fields with quick lime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) or chalk (calcium carbonate) ? Answer: If the soil is too acidic (having low pH) then it is treated with materials like quick lime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) or chalk (calcium carbonate).

Page Number: 33

Question 1 What is the common name of the compound CaOCl 2 ? Answer: Bleaching powder.

Question 2 Name the substance which on treatment with chlorine yields bleaching powder. Answer: Slaked lime Ca (OH) 2 .

Question 3 Name the sodium compound which is used for softening hard water. Answer: Sodium carbonate.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Textbook Chapter End Questions

Question 1 A solution turns red litmus blue, its pH is likely to be (a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 10 Answer: (d) 10

Question 2 A solution reacts with crushed-egg shells to give a gas that turns lime water milky. The solution contains (a) NaCl (b) HCl (c) LiCl (d) KCl Answer: (b) HCl

Question 3 10 mL of a solution of NaOH is found to be completely neutralised by 8 mL of a given solution of HC1. If we take 20 mL of the same solution of NaOH, the amount of HC1 solution (the same solution as before) required to neutralise it will be (a) 4 mL (b) 8 mL (c) 12 mL (d) 16 mL Answer: (d) 16 mL

Question 4 Which one of the following types of medicines is used for treating indigestion? (a) Antibiotic (b) Analgesic (c) Antacid (d) Antiseptic Answer: (c) Antacid

Question 5 Write word equations and then balanced equations for the reaction taking place when (a) dilute sulphuric acid reacts with zinc granules (b) dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium ribbon (c) dilute sulphuric acid reacts with aluminium powder (d) dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with iron filing Answer: (a) Zinc + dilute sulphuric acid → Zinc sulphate + Hydrogen Zn (s) + H 2 SO 4 (aq) → ZnSO 4 (aq) + H 2 (g)

(b) Magnesium ribbon + dil. Hydrochloric acid → Magnesium chloride + Hydrogen Mg (s) + 2 HCl (aq) → MgCl 2 (aq) + H 2 (g)

(c) Aluminium powder + dil. Sulphuric acid > Aluminium sulphate + Hydrogen 2Al (s) + 3H 2 SO 4 (aq) → Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (aq) + 3H 2 (g)

(d) Iron filings + Dilute hydrochloric acid > Ferric chloride + Hydrogen 2Fe (s) + 6HCl (aq) → 2FeCl 3 (aq) + 3H 2 (g)

Question 7 Why does distilled water not conduct electricity, whereas rainwater does ? Answer: Distilled water does not conduct electricity because it does not contain any ionic compound (like acids, bases or salts) dissolved in it. Rainwater, while falling to the earth through the atmosphere, dissolves an acidic gas carbon dioxide from the air and forms carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ). Carbonic acid provides hydrogen ions, H + (aq) and carbonate ions, CO(aq) 3 2 to rainwater. Hence, due to the presence of carbonic acid which provides ions to rainwater, the rainwater conducts electricity.

Question 8 Why do acids not show acidic behaviour in the absence of water ? Answer: The acidic behaviour of acids is due to the presence of hydrogen ions, [H + (aq) ions], in them. The acid produces hydrogen ions only in the presence of water. So in the absence of water, an acid will not form hydrogen ions and hence will not show its acidic behaviour.

Question 9 Five solutions A, B, C, D and E when tested with universal indicator showed pH as 4, 1, 11, 7 and 9 respectively. Which solution is (a) Neutral (b) Strongly alkaline (c) Strongly acidic (d) Weakly acidic (e) Weakly alkaline Arrange the pH in increasing order of hydrogen ion concentration. Answer: (a) D (b) C (c) B (d) A (e) E Increasing order of hydrogen ion concentration 11 < 9 < 7 < 4 < 1 i. e., C < E < D < A < B

Question 10 Equal lengths of magnesium ribbons are taken in test tubes A and B. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to test tube A, while acetic acid (CH 3 COOH) is added to test tube B. In which test tube will the fizzing occur more vigorously and why ? Answer: Fizzing will occur more vigorously in test tube A. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid whereas acetic acid (CH 3 COOH) is a weak acid. Being strong acid, the hydrochloric acid solution contains a much greater amount of hydrogen ions in it due to which the fizzing will occur more vigorously in test tube A (containing hydrochloric acid). The fizzing is due to the evolution of hydrogen gas which is formed by the action of acid on the magnesium metal of magnesium ribbon.

Question 11 fresh milk has a pH of 6. How do you think the pH will change as it turns into curd ? Explain your answer. Answer: pH of milk falls below 6 as it turns into curd due to the formation of lactic acid during this process. Lactic acid present in it reduces its pH value.

Question 12 A milkman adds a very small amount of baking soda to fresh milk. (a) Why does he shift the pH of the fresh milk from 6 to slightly alkaline ? (b) Why does this milk take a long time to set as curd ? Answer: (a) Milk is made slightly alkaline so that it may not get sour easily due to the formation of lactic acid in it. (b) The alkaline milk takes a longer time to set into curd because the lactic acid being formed has to first neutralise the alkali present in it.

Question 13 Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture proof container. Explain why? Answer: Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture proof container because the presence of moisture can cause slow setting of plaster of Paris by bringing about its hydration. This will make the plaster of Paris useless after sometime.

Question 15 Give two important uses of washing soda and baking soda. Answer: Uses of washing soda : (i) Washing soda is used in glass, soap and paper industries. (ii) It is used for removing permanent hardness of water.

Uses of baking soda : (i) Baking soda is used as an antacid in medicines to remove acidity of the stomach. (ii) Baking soda is used for making baking powder (used in making cakes, bread, etc.).

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids, Bases, and Salts

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science (Chemistry) Chapter 2 Acids, bases, and salts are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science. Here we have given Class 10 Science NCERT Solutions Chapter 2.

Question 1 You have been provided with three test tubes. One of them contains distilled water and the other two contain an acidic solution and a basic solution respectively. If you are given only red litmus paper, how will you identify the contents of each test tube? Solution: The contents of each test tube would be identified by change in colour of red litmus paper. For example, when we wet the red litmus paper with the basic solution, it changes into blue colour. Put the changed blue litmus paper in the solution which turns the blue to red will be the acidic solution. The solution, which has no effect on any litmus paper, will be neutral and hence it will be distilled water.

Download NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts PDF

Question 2 Why should curd and sour substances not be kept in brass and copper vessels? Solution: Curd and other sour foodstuffs contain acids, which can react with the metal of the vessel to form poisonous metal compounds which can cause food poisoning and damage our health.

Question 4 Metal compound A reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce effervescence. The gas evolved extinguishes a burning candle. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction if one of the compounds formed is calcium chloride. Solution: The gas that extinguishes a burning candle is carbon dioxide, which is formed by the action of dilute hydrochloric acid on a metal carbonate and produces effervescence. Now, since one of the compounds formed is calcium chloride, it shows that the metal compound is calcium carbonate. Thus, the metal compound A is calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ). Calcium carbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form calcium chloride, carbon dioxide and water. This can be written as:

Question 5 Why do HCl, HNO 3 , etc., show acidic characters in aqueous solutions while solutions of compounds like alcohol and glucose do not show acidic character? Solution: An acid is a substance, which dissociates on dissolving in water to produce hydrogen ions [H + (aq) ions]. The acids like HCl, H 2 SO 4 , HNO 3 and CH 3 COOH, etc., show acidic character because they dissociate in aqueous solutions to produce hydrogen ions, H+(aq) ions. The compounds such as glucose and alcohol also contain hydrogen but they do not show acidic character. The aqueous solutions of glucose and alcohol do not show acidic character because the hydrogen in them does not separate out as hydrogen ions [H + (aq) ions] on dissolving in water.

Question 6 Why does an aqueous solution of acid conduct electricity? Solution: The aqueous solution of an acid conducts electricity due to the presence of charged particles called ions in it.

Question 7 Why does dry HCl gas not change the colour of the dry litmus paper? Solution: Dry HCl gas does not contain any hydrogen ions in it, so it does not show acidic behaviour. In fact, dry HCl gas does not change the colour of dry litmus paper as it has no hydrogen ions [H + (aq) ions] in it.

Question 8 While diluting an acid, why is it recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid? Solution: Diluting an acid should be done by adding concentrated acid to water gradually with stirring and not by adding water to concentrated acid. The heat is evolved gradually when a concentrated acid is added to water for diluting an acid and the large amount of water is easily absorbed. If, however, water is added to concentrated acid to dilute it, a large amount of heat is evolved at once. The heat generated may cause the mixture to splash the acid on our face or clothes and cause acid burns.

Question 9 How is the concentration of hydronium ions (H 3 O+) affected when a solution of an acid is diluted? Solution: When the concentrated solution of an acid is diluted by mixing water, the concentration of hydronium ions H 3 O+ per unit volume decreases.

Question 10 How is the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) affected when excess base is dissolved in water? Solution: When the solution of a base is diluted by mixing more water in it, the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH – ions) per unit volume decreases.

Question 11 You have two solutions A and B. The pH of solution A is 6 and pH of solution B is 8. i. Which solution has more hydrogen ion concentration? ii. Which of this is acidic and which one is basic? Solution: The pH of a solution is inversely proportional to its hydrogen ion concentration. This means that the solution having lower pH will have more hydrogen ion concentration. In this case, solution A(having a lower pH of 6) will have more hydrogen ion concentration.Solution A is acidic and solution B is basic.

Question 12 What effect does the concentration of H + (aq) ions have on the nature of the solution? Solution: Acids produce hydrogen ions in water. So, when an acid is added to water, the concentration of hydrogen ions in water increases. The solution of acid thus formed will have more of hydrogen ions and it will be acidic in nature.

Question 13 Do basic solutions also have H + (aq) ions? If yes, why are these basic? Solution: No, the basic solution doesn’t have H + ions as the solution has excess of hydroxide ions.

Question 14 Under what soil condition do you think a farmer would treat the soil of his fields with quick lime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) or chalk (calcium carbonate)? Solution: Most often the soil in the fields is too acidic. If the soil is too acidic (having low pH), it is treated with materials like quicklime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) or chalk (calcium carbonate). Thus, a farmer should add lime or slaked lime in his fields when the soil is too acidic.

Question 15 What is the common name of the compound CaOCl 2 ? Solution: The common name of the compound CaOCl 2 is bleaching powder.

Question 16 Name the substance that on treatment with chlorine yields bleaching powder. Solution: Calcium hydroxide is the substance that on treatment with chlorine yields bleaching powder.

Question 17 Name the sodium compound, which is used, for softening hard water. Solution: Sodium carbonate (washing soda) is used for softening hard water.

Question 19 Write an equation to show the reaction between plaster of Paris and water. Solution: Plaster of Paris has a very remarkable property of setting into a hard mass on wetting with water. So, when water is added to plaster of Paris, it sets into a hard mass in about half an hour. The setting of plaster of Paris is due to the hydration crystals of gypsum, which set to form a hard, solid mass.

Question 20 Why does distilled water not conduct electricity, whereas rainwater does? Solution: Distilled water does not conduct electricity because it does not contain any ionic compound (like acids, bases or salts) dissolved in it. On the other hand, rain water conducts electricity. This can be explained as follows: Rain water, while falling to the earth through the atmosphere, dissolves an acidic gas carbon dioxide from the air and forms carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ). Carbonic acid provides hydrogen ions, H + (aq), and carbonate ions, CO 2- 3 (aq), to rain water. So, due to the presence of carbonic acid (which provides ions to rain water), the rain water conducts electricity.

Question 21 Why do acids not show acidic behaviour in the absence of water? Solution: The acidic behaviour of acid is due to the presence of hydrogen ions. The acids will not show its acidic behaviour in the absence of water, this is because the acids produce hydrogen ions only in the presence of water.

Question 23 Equal lengths of magnesium ribbons are taken in test tubes A and B. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to test-tube A while acetic acid (CH 3 COOH) is added to test-tube B. In which test-tube will fizzing occur more vigorously and why? Solution: Acetic acid (CH 3 COOH) is a weak acid whereas hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid. Fizzing occurs in the test tube due to the evolution of hydrogen gas by the action of acid on magnesium ribbon. Since hydrochloric acid is a strong acid a large amount of hydrogen gas is liberated in the test tube A. So fizzing occurs more vigorously in test tube A . Question 24 Fresh milk has a pH of 6. How do you think the pH will change as it turns into curd? Explain. Solution: The pH will change to below 6, as lactic acid is formed when milk turns into curd.

Question 27 Give two important uses of washing soda and baking soda. Solution: Washing soda 1. It is often used as an electrolyte. 2. Domestically it is used as a water softener during laundry. Baking soda 1. It is used to test garden soil for acidity. If it develops bubbles, the soil is too acidic. 2. Washing a car with it can remove dead bug bodies without damaging the paint.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 (MCQs) [1 Mark each]

Question 2. Which of the following statements shows the property of an acid? [CCE 2014] (a) It turns blue litmus to red (b) It is sour in taste (c) It has no effect on red litmus (d) All of the above Answer: (d) An acid turns blue litmus red. Thus, it has no effect on red litmus and acids are sour in taste.

Question 3. A drop of a liquid sample was put on the pH paper. It was observed that the colour of the pH paper turned blue. The liquid sample is [CCE 2014] (a) lemon juice (b) sodium bicarbonate solution (c) distilled water (d) hydrochloric acid Answer: (b) The liquid sample is of sodium bicarbonate (NaHC 3 ) solution. It is a basic solution. And we know that a basic solution turns pH paper blue.

Question 4. Two solutions X and Y were found to have pH value of 4 and 10 respectively. The inference that can be drawn is [CCE 2014] (a) X is a base and Y is an acid (b) Both X and Y are acidic solutions (c) X is an acid and Yis a base (d) Both X and Y are bases Answer: (c) Any solution having pH > 7 will be a base while the solution having pH < 7 will surely be an acid. Hence, it can be concluded that X is an acid (pH=4, i.e. < 7) and Yis a base (pH =10, i.e. > 7).

Question 5. A student was asked to collect apparatus from lab store, for doing experiment of pH of given sample. Identify the article which he is not supposed to pick. [CCE 2014] (a) pH paper (b) Dropper (c) Litmus paper (d) Petri dish Answer: (d) Petri dish is not required for doing experiment of pH.

Question 7. A solution has pH value of 5. On adding 10 mL of NaCl to it, what will be the pH of the new solution? (a) More than 5 (b) Less than 5 (c) Only seven (d) No change in pH Answer: (d) As NaCl is a neutral solution due to its complete ionization in H 2 O and has pH = 7. Thus, it will not affect the pH of the solution. Hence, the pH of the solution will remain unaffected.

Question 8. A salt is dissolved in water. The pH of this salt solution was found to be 7 by measuring the pH with a universal indicator paper. The salt is most likely to be (a) Na 2 CO 3 (b) KCl (c) NH 4 Cl (d) CH 3 COONa Answer: (b) Salts which are completely ionisable in water are said to be neutral salts and their pH is equal to 7. Among the given salts, only KCl is completely ionisable in the following manner: KCl (aq) → K + + Cl Hence, the pH of KCl will be 7.

Question 11. Four students I, II, III and IV were asked to examine the changes for blue and red litmus paper strips with dil. HCl (Solution A) and dil. NaOH (Solutions). The following observations were reported by the 4 students. The sign …………. indicates no colour change. [CCE 2015 ]

The correct observation would be of student (a) I (b) II (c) III (d) IV Answer: (c) The correct observation is taken by student III because HCl (solution A) is an acid which turns blue litmus red and dil. NaOH (solution B) is a base which turns red litmus blue.

Question 12. A sample of soil is mixed with water and allowed to settle. The clear supernatant solution turns the pH paper yellowish orange. Which of the following would change the colour of this pH paper to greenish blue? [NCERT Exemplar] (a) Lemon juice (b) Vinegar (c) Common salt (d) An antacid Answer: (d) As pH paper turns greenish blue for weakly basic compound and antacids contain weak base like Mg(OH) 2 . So, an antacid would change the colour of this pH paper to greenish blue. Other options (a) and (b) contain acids and option (c) is a neutral salt.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts (Hindi Medium)

Class 10 Science Acid, Bases and Salts Mind Map

• Produce [H+] in H 2 O
• Turns blue litmus red
• Acts as electrolyte in solution

Chemical Properties Of Acids Acids + Metal → Salt + H 2 e.g. H 2 SO 4  + Zn → ZnSO 4  + H 2 Acids + Metal Carbonate/Metal hydrogen Carbonate = Salt + CO 2 e.g NaHCO 3  + HCl → NaCl + H 2 O + CO 2 Acids + Bases → Salt + water NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H 2 O Acids + Metal oxide → Salt + Water H 2 SO 4  + CuO → CuSO 4  + H 2 O

• Produce [OH ] in H 2 O
• Bitter taste
• Turns red litmus blue
• Water soluble bases are known as alkali

Chemical Properties Of Bases

Bases + Metals → Salt + H 2 2NaOH + Zn → Na 2 ZnO 2 + H 2 Bases + Acids → Salt + Water KOH + HCl → KCl + H 2 0 Base + Non-metallic oxide → Salt + water 2NaOH + CO 2 → Na 2 CO 3 + H 2 O

Salt is formed by combination of acid and base through neutralization reaction. water of Crystallization : It is the fixed number of water molecules present in one formula unit of a salt e.g. CuSO 4 .5H 2 O, Na 2 CO 3 .10H 2 O

Types of Salts

The acidic &amp; basic nature of salts depends on the acid and base combined in neutralization reaction.

Some Important Salts

Bleaching Powder (CaOCl 2 ): Ca(OH) 2  + Cl 2  → CaOCl 2  + H 2 O dry slaked lime

• as an oxidising agent in chemical industry.
• In disinfecting water.

Common Salt NaCl:

• Main source is sea water.
• Also exists in the form of rock hence also known as rock salt.
• Important component of food.
• Used in preparation of sodium hydroxide, baking soda & washing soda.

Baking Soda (NaHCO 3 )

• NaCl + H 2 O + CO 2  + NH 23  → NH 4 Cl + NaHCO 3
• Mild non – corrosive

• Used as in baking cakes as antacid
• Fire extinguisher

Washing Soda (Na 2 CO 3 . 10H 2 O) : • Na 2 CO 3  + 10H 2 O → 4 Na 2 CO 3 . 10H 2 O • Used in glass, soap & paper indusby, removing Permanent hardness of water and cleaning agent

These are the substances which indicate the acidic or basic nature of the solution by their colour change.

Strength of Acids and Bases in Solution

• Some animals like bee and plants like nettle secretes highly acidic substance for self defense.
• Lower pH of sour & sweet food can cause tooth decay. The pH of mouth should be more than 5.5
• The inner lining of stomach protects vital cells from the acidic pH which is developed by HCl secreted by stomach. The optimum pH range for human body is 7 to 7.8

Addition of Acids or Bases to Water

Always add acid to water and not water to acid because this process is highly exothermic. The acid must be added slowly to water by constant shirring on. Adding water to a concentrated acid, the heat generated may cause the mixture to splash out and cause burns.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science All Chapters

• Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations
• Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts
• Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals
• Chapter 4 Carbon and Its Compounds
• Chapter 5 Periodic Classification of Elements
• Chapter 6 Life Processes
• Chapter 7 Control and Coordination
• Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce?
• Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution
• Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction
• Chapter 11 Human Eye and Colourful World
• Chapter 12 Electricity
• Chapter 13 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
• Chapter 14 Sources of Energy
• Chapter 15 Our Environment
• Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources

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