cause and effect ielts essay topics

IELTS Writing Task 2  Causes and Effects: Sample Answer

Requirements

This question type is very similar to causes and solutions and requires you to identify causes or reasons of an issue or problem and discuss the effects it has. The topics are usually social and nothing controversial.

The wording of the questions can vary. For example....

“What do you think are the reasons for this?”  “Why is this happening?”

“What are the consequences of this trend?”  “How does this affect the country?”

Sample Answer

Nowadays, professionals from developing countries have a tendency to emigrate to richer countries to find employment. This essay will discuss both the causes of this phenomenon and the issues that affect the nations they are leaving. 

The primary reasons skilled employees from emerging nations seek work in more developed countries are a higher standard of living along with professional development. For instance, the average monthly salary for a white-collar worker, such as a teacher, in a developing country pales in comparison to their counterparts in so-called first world nations even though they perform identical duties and responsibilities. Additionally, outdated facilities and equipment in poor states hampers the ability of professionals such as doctors to practice contemporary medicine and improve their skills.      

The effect this trend has on developing countries is invariably negative, particularly with regards to the nation’s social and economic development. According to Scientific American magazine, every year, more than 4,000 foreign graduates of international medical schools come to the United States for a residency program and very few return home to take up employment in their native countries. This brain drain denies countries the talents of their brightest and best and limits a country’s ability to progress as they are continuously faced with the challenge of retaining the most able professionals.

In conclusion, a comfortable material lifestyle coupled with the opportunity to advance one’s career are the main reasons why professionals migrate to richer countries. The countries they leave behind struggle to find suitably qualified replacements and thus suffer from social and economic stagnation.

Sample: Causes and Effects. PDF

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How to write cause/effect essays in IELTS?

Cause and effect essay questions in IELTS Writing task 2 give you a problem and ask you to state the main causes of this problem and discuss its possible effects .

In this lesson you will see:

• how to generate ideas for causes and effects
• band 9 answer structure for causes/effects essay
• cause/effect model essay

This is an example of cause/effect IELTS writing task 2 question:

Today more people are overweight than ever before.

What in your opinion are the primary causes of this?

What are the main effects of this epidemic?

Generating ideas

After you’ve read the question, you can clearly determine the problem: growing number of overweight people .

But before you start to write your essay, it’s a good idea to think of 2-3 causes and 2-3 possible effects of the problem.

Causes of obesity :

• inactive lifestyle (relying on cars instead of walking, fewer physical demands at work, inactive leisure activities)
• unhealthy eating habits (eating fast-food, drinking high-calorie beverages, consuming large portions of food, eating irregularly)

Effects of obesity :

• physical health problems
• loss of productivity
• depressions and mental disorders

Now, after we’ve generated the main ideas for causes and effects, it’s time to use these ideas in our essay.

Band 9 answer structure

As you know, there are many ways to structure your essay, but we’ll use a structure that has been approved by many IELTS examiners to be high-scoring and coherent .

Band-9 essay structure :

Introduction

Body paragraph 1 - causes

Body paragraph 2 - effects

Let’s take a look at each of these sections in detail.

Write your introduction in two sentences:

Nowadays the number of overweight people is constantly growing.

This essay will discuss the main reasons of this epidemic and then describe the possible effects of the problem.

In my opinion, the foremost causes of obesity are inactive lifestyle and unhealthy eating habits.

Today more and more people rely on cars instead of walking, have less physical demands at work and prefer inactive leisure activities. This results in burning less calories and gaining weight.

Moreover, the problem is accentuated by the growing number of people, who eat irregularly and consume large portions of high-calorie food. For example, about 50% of the adult population in Europe with so-called disordered eating suffer from obesity.

The possible effects of this problem include physical health problems and loss of productivity.

First of all, obesity results in incorrect functioning of the human body and contributes to the risk of developing some chronic illnesses. For example, as body fat percentage increases, the person’s metabolism worsens, which in turn may result in diabetes or heart diseases.

Secondly, overweight people are very unhealthy and often suffer from stress and tiredness. This lessens their work capacity and results in lower productivity. For example, it has been proven that an obese person needs to put more effort to complete some task than a person with normal weight.

For the conclusion you need simply to restate the problem and sum up the causes and effects that you described in your body paragraphs:

To sum up, obesity is a big problem that affects a lot of people nowadays. It’s mainly caused by inactive lifestyle and eating disorders and results in severe health problems and loss of productivity.

Model essay

Nowadays the number of overweight people is constantly increasing. This essay will discuss the main reasons of this epidemic and then describe the possible effects of the problem.

In my opinion, the foremost causes of obesity are inactive lifestyle and unhealthy eating habits. Today more and more people rely on cars instead of walking, have less physical demands at work and prefer inactive leisure activities. This results in burning less calories and gaining weight. Moreover, the problem is accentuated by the growing number of people, who eat irregularly and consume large portions of high-calorie food. For example, about 50% of the adult population in Europe with so-called disordered eating suffer from obesity.

The possible effects of this problem include physical health problems and loss of productivity. First of all, obesity results in incorrect functioning of the human body and contributes to the risk of developing some chronic illnesses. For example, as body fat percentage increases, the person’s metabolism worsens, which in turn may result in diabetes or heart diseases. Secondly, overweight people are very unhealthy and often suffer from stress and tiredness. This lessens their work capacity and results in lower productivity. For example, it has been proven that an obese person needs to put more effort to complete some task than a person with normal weight.

To sum up, obesity is a big problem that affects a lot of people nowadays. It’s mainly caused by inactive lifestyle and eating disorders and results in severe health problems and loss of productivity.

(251 words)

IELTS Task 2 Question Types: Causes and Solutions

by Dave | Understanding Task 2 Writing | 0 Comment

I have listed here IELTS task 2 causes and solutions question types – enjoy reading and practicing with my sample answers and essays!

Enjoy and consider signing up for my Patreon Ebooks here .

Environmental damage is a problem in most countries.

What is the cause of this damage?

What should be done about this problem?

Read my essay here.

Fewer young people play sports these days.

Why is this?

What can be done to encourage more young people to do sports?

Get the full EBook on Patreon.

Today, many people do not know their neighbors.

What can be done about this?

Research shows that some activities are good for health and others are bad. Despite knowing that, millions of people engage in unhealthy activities.

What is the cause of this?

What can be done?

Read my EBook on Patreon.

Many doctors recommend that older people exercise regularly, but most patients do not follow an exercise routine.

Why do you think this happens?

How can people be encouraged to exercise regularly?

There is too much noise in many public places in cities.

What are the causes of this problem?

What can be done to solve the problem?

Read my sample answer here .

Recent research suggests that the majority of criminals who are sent to prison commit crimes after they are released.

Why is this the case?

What can be done to solve this problem?

Read my sample anwer here.

Not many young people in countries around the world go to and enjoy concerts and plays.

How should they be encouraged to attend?

Read my sample answer here.

Children are now facing educational, social, and commercial pressures.

What are the causes of these pressures?

What measures can be taken to reduce them?

Not all drivers obey the laws while driving on roads.

What are the reasons for this?

What can be done to fix this problem?

Many students find it difficult to focus or pay attention at school nowadays.

In many countries, the number of animals and plants is declining.

Why do you think this is happening?

How can this issue be solved?

Read my essay.

Nowadays many countries are facing problemsrelated to waste disposal.

How can this issue be tackled?

Many students find it is harder to study at university or college compared to when they were in grade school.

What are some possible solutions for this problem?

Childhood obesity has become a serious problem in recent years.

What are the primary causes of this?

What measures should be taken to reduce childhood obesity?

Despite the benefits for health, fewer people today than ever before exercise by walking.

What can be done to encourage more walking?

Many students find it difficult to pay attention at school.

What could be done to solve this problem?

Some people play sport when they are young but then stop doing physical exercise when they become adults.

Many people living in cities these days do not get enough physical exercise.

What are the causes of this?

What are some possible solutions?

The amount of drinkable water for people is decreasing.

In some places, young people find it difficult to communicate with older people.

What are the solutions?

In many countries, people throw away a lot of food from restaurants and shops.

Why do you think people waste food in this way?

What can be done to reduce the amount of food thrown away?

When cars and cyclists use the same roads, there are often problems.

Some old people today struggle with the use of modern technologies such as smartphones and computers.

Even though doctors advise old people to get more exercise, many old people do not get enough.

What are some possible solutions for this?

The increase in the production of consumer goods results in damage to the natural environment.

Plagiarism in academics has become a pressing problem in many countries today.

The roads in major cities today are often difficult to travel on.

More and more people today are drinking sugar-based drinks.

Nowadays children watch much more television than they did in the past and spend less time being active or creative.

What is the reason for this?

What measures should be taken to encourage children to be more active?

In spite of the advances made in agriculture, many people around the world still go hungry.

What can be done about this problem?

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11 IELTS Cause and effect essay topics in 2020

In this tutorial Ellen looks at IELTS cause and effect essay TOPICS and certain aspects of the question to be on the lookout for in the IELTS exam .

In this podcast you will learn:

• some examples of  Task 2 cause and effect essay IELTS topics
• different examples of language and phrases used in the prompt
• how not to confuse this question type with other 2 question types
• how to organize your IELTS essay
• how to develop your essay so you can create a FULLY developed task 2
• and other tips and tricks to help you succeed.

Take a look at some more IELTS task 2 sample essays and our IELTS essay correction service to get valuable feedback.

You can download or listen to the audio version here:

| Direct Download Here | Stitcher | iTunes | Spotify | Soundcloud | Transcript |

Causes and Effects

Causes and effects ielts writing task 2 topic 1:.

Childhood obesity is becoming a serious problem in many countries.

Explain the main causes and effects of this problem and suggest some possible solutions.

Click here for the Model answer:

Causes and Effects IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic 2:

Nowadays the way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology. In what ways has technology affected personal relationships? Has this become a positive or negative development?

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Causes and Effects IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic 3:

Today more people are travelling than ever before. Why is this the case? What are the benefits of travelling for the traveler?

Causes and Effects IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic 4:

According to those in the travel business, the nature of the average ‘holiday’ is changing. Rather than seeking a relaxing break in a far-away place, people now want excitement on their holidays and are keen to participate in unusual and challenging activities.

Why this change has happened? Do you think it is a good trend?

IELTS Podcast

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• IELTS Preparation
• IELTS vocabulary
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• Uncategorized
• Writing Task

In this tutorial Ellen looks at cause and effect essay questions and certain aspects of the question to be on the lookout for.

In this podcast you will learn:

• some examples of cause & effect essays
• different examples of language and phrases used in the prompt
• how not to confuse this question type with other 2 question types
• how to organize your essay
• how to develop your essay so you can create a FULLY developed task 2
• and other tips and tricks to help you succeed.

Click here for IELTS essay correction

Learn more about the IELTS writing task

Full online IELTS course

Massive IELTS vocabulary guide

Click here to listen to the full tutorial: 

https://www.ieltspodcast.com/ielts-writing-task/cause-effect-essay-topics/

Click here to read the full transcript: 

https://www.ieltspodcast.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Transcript-322-App-11-Cause-and-Effects-Essay-Topics-2020.pdf

• Download this Episode

Join us at My IELTS Classroom today for our video courses, marking service, 1-2-1 lessons and so much more…

IELTS Cause Effect essays: Stop exaggerating your arguments

A lot of IELTS teachers tell students that their “ideas don’t matter”, but this is simply NOT true. Yes, you are free to agree or disagree with any question (so there is no “right” opinion) but if you need a high IELTS score, then it is extremely important that your ideas are both relevant and convincing. In this week’s blog, I want to show you how to drastically improve the quality of the arguments in your essay by giving ideas that are less dramatic, which can be a real problem in IELTS Cause Effect essays in particular!

IELTS ideas that are relevant and convincing

I expect most of you know that “relevant” just means having ideas that address the question, but what does “convincing” mean? Well, it means having arguments that make the examiner nod his or her head in agreement because they are REALISTIC. The mistake that students make again and again is giving arguments that are just too DRAMATIC (and, therefore, not convincing at all).

Often, this is because students try to give BIG reasons for trends, rather than focusing on more subtle explanations. As I said, this is usually a problem in IELTS Cause Effect Essays. Take this question  for example:

In many countries, the tradition of having family meals together is disappearing. Why is this happening? What will the effects of this be on the family and society?

Most students are able to cope with the first question fairly well. Why are people eating together less? Often I am given these very good arguments:

• In most households today, both parents work and simply do not have enough time to prepare a meal that can be eaten around a table. 👏👏👏
• People tend to eat more often outside the home i.e. children eat at school / parents in a canteen 👍👍👍
• Children take part in after school activities and so coordinating one meal that can be eaten by everybody at the same time is hard. 👌👌👌

Great – all of these arguments are relevant and convincing i.e. I accept that these are REAL reasons for this trend. The problems start when students have to think of the effects of this problem. Most are able to see that not eating as a family can have a negative impact on family structures. However, when it comes to explaining what that negative effect is, almost all students come up with EXTREME arguments:

• Children of families who do not eat together turn to crime and often commit murder . –  REALLY? 😳😳😳
• Children from families that have disintegrated usually end up being drug addicts . – REALLY? 🤔🤔🤔
• Parents who do not eat together get divorced . – REALLY? 🤯🤯🤯

These are real arguments given by my students in recent weeks but, I want you to ask yourself, ARE THESE TRUE?  Do you really think that the main reason for youth crime is not having a family meal? Or that children who eat in front of the TV always become addicted to drugs? Or that the divorce rate is affected by a lack of family meals? I don’t! I think that these are over-simplified arguments that are far too extreme to be convincing (and therefore won’t score more than a 6.0 for Task Response).

The really sad thing here is that these students are actually on the right path to a good idea – they have just gone way too far. All they need to do is bring their arguments one or two steps back to something more realistic and widely accepted. To do this, ask yourself “why” you think these arguments are true:

• Why do children “commit crimes”? Well, probably because they weren’t supervised closely enough by their parents and so problems weren’t spotted.
• Why do people get divorced? It is probably because they don’t spend enough quality time with each other and so start to drift apart.
• Do you see? Once we move a step back from the DRAMATIC ideas of crime and divorce and start digging a bit deeper into why these problems could come about, we actually arrive at some very good more subtle arguments. Let’s turn these ideas into a paragraph:

Unfortunately, this trend can lead to a number of negative outcomes. Firstly, when families sit down and eat together every day, it is easy for the parents to see subtle changes in their children’s behaviour that could be warning signs of an underlying problem. For example, they might be experiencing some difficulties at school such as bullying, or they may have fallen out with friends. Once family members eat separately, the opportunity for daily observation is lost and, as a result, younger family members’ problems can go unrecognised. Over time, this can lead to them becoming depressed or acting out in other ways, which could affect their schoolwork or their ability to interact with others in society in general. In the same way, if the adult members of the family both work long hours, then a shared meal might be the only time that they have to really connect each day. Thus, not having this meal can result in them becoming distanced. In the worst cases, this might lead to the breakdown of communication and even, eventually, in divorce.

Can you see the difference? I have taken the same ideas (crime and divorce) but have developed them in a much more realistic and convincing way! Notice that I have kept “divorce”, but I have shown that it is the final worst case scenario rather than the inevitable end. Honestly, I still think that this argument is a bit too dramatic, but at least now it is more convincing as I have given a REASON for this idea.

So, if you are struggling for ideas for your IELTS Cause Effect Essays, my advice is don’t fall back on EXTREME arguments to support your ideas. Try to take a step back and offer the examiner an opinion that is more reasoned and less dramatic. If you can do this, you will be far more likely to get a 7.0 or even an 8.0 or 9.0 for Task Response.

Plus, the lessons are interactive, so you will pause and participate in every lesson. But that’s not the best part! Once you become my student, you will be able to message me with any questions you have at any time , so you won’t be on the IELTS journey on your own anymore! And, every writing package now includes access to our free daily live lessons for reading, speaking, and listening.  🚀

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IELTS Cause and Effect Essay 2 - Writing Task 2

Stress is now a major problem in many countries around the world. What are some of the reasons that cause stress, and what are its effects?

You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.

Write about the following topic:

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Write at least 250 words.

Sample Answer:

Stress is now considered to be a serious issue in many nations across the globe. This problem is caused by a variety of factors, including extreme work load and financial difficulties, and it has a number of harmful effects on individuals’ physical and behavioural well-being.

Stress may occur for a variety of reasons. To begin with, working people are more likely to experience stress owing to the increasing complexity of their tasks and the higher expectations for performance in the workplace. Many companies, for example, put pressure on their staff to meet future project deadlines while also reviewing their performance, which may cause stress. Furthermore, many individuals are stressed out as a consequence of persistent financial challenges in their lives, which may lead them to be worried about future expenses such as rent, groceries, or utility bills.

Individuals may have a range of detrimental effects due to long-term stress. Physical health problems are one of the most common challenges that people face when they are under a lot of tension. For example, if a person is stressed for an extended period of time, he may have bodily symptoms such as headaches and sleep disorders. Moreover, stress may also alter a person’s behaviour, causing them to go through a series of mood swings. If things do not go according to plan, they will start acting aggressively against one another.

In conclusion, stress is seen as a severe health condition that is mostly induced by work-related pressures and affects those people who are facing economic hardships in their lives. As a consequence, people suffer from a wide range of physical and behavioural side effects.

> Multi-part Essay 1 > Multi-part Essay 2 > Discussion Essay 1 > Discussion Essay 2

IELTS Cause/Effect Essay Sample 2 – Health

Practising writing IELTS task 2 essays  on a range of topics is a great way to learn new vocabulary for those topics, but also to practice your essay structures . You begin to develop your ideas around those topics, thinking of examples and giving your opinions.

If you would like to learn how to structure a cause/effect essay  please click the button below >

On the one hand, the main cause of older people not completing enough exercise is that they are often suffering from various aches and pains within their body. Older people possibly associate exercise with strenuous activity, whereas tailored programs for their age group are more likely to be given. Having a weaker body can also contribute to the root of the problem because they are afraid they might injure themselves while doing certain movements. For example, DOH Philippines reported in 2017, that 7 out of 10 geriatric causes of hospitalizations are because of accidents involving strenuous activities.

(Word count – 263 / Band score 8)

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IELTS Cause and Effect Essay: Skin Whitening

This cause and effect essay is about the issue of skin whitening products: why people are using them and their possible dangers for health and society.

Take a look at the question:

In many parts of the world today there is a profitable market for products which lighten or whiten people’s skin. Outline the reasons for using such products and discuss what effects they have in terms of health and society.

There are three things you must discuss:

• The reasons why they are used
• Their effects on health
• Their effects on society

This causes and effects essay has been organized into two body paragraphs. The first dicussing the reasons, and the second discussing the effects on health and society.

There are other ways to organize it of course. For example, you could have three paragraphs, each discussing one of the points above.

Cause and Effect Essay

You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.

Write about the following topic:

In many parts of the world today there is a profitable market for products which lighten or whiten people’s skin.

Outline the reasons for using such products and discuss what effects they have in terms of health and society.

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge.

Write at least 250 words.

Cause and Effect Essay - Model Answer

In many countries, particularly places like Asia, skin whitening products are incredibly popular and provide huge profits for the companies involved in their sale. This essay will examine the reasons why people use these products and the effects this has on people’s health and on society.

The principal reason that people use skin whitening products is because whiter skin is seen to be more desirable than darker skin. To understand why, we need to firstly look at history. In ancient times, those people of a higher status tended to stay indoors, whilst people of a lower status worked outside, usually farming. As a result, those people who were indoors had much lighter skin, which means that whiter skin is now associated with having a higher status than dark skin. Another reason, which is partly related to this, is the desire for the ‘Western’ look. For example, plastic surgery to creat western eyelids and noses is common in Asia, and the white skin is part of this. These beliefs and images are also perpetuated in the media, with adverts showing people with white skin as more successful and attractive.

However, despite the fact that having whiter skin may improve a person’s self-esteem, these products can have negative effects. Regarding health, there are reports that people are harming their skin permanently as some products bought over the counter have prescription-strength ingredients. For instance, some contain steroids or toxins which can severely damage the skin and other parts of the body. In terms of society, there are also detrimental effects. Such behaviour perpetuates the belief that ‘white’ is better than ‘black’, and thus those with darker skin may experience discrimination.

In conclusion, people use whitening products due to the fact that white skin, usually through the media, is portrayed as more desirable. However, steps should be taken to change this image as the drawbacks of this are clear, with potentially dangerous consequences for people’s future health and society as a whole.

(328 Words)

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Cause and Effect

 A cause-effect relationship is a relationship in which one event (the cause) makes another event happen (the effect). A good example is an alarm clock. The alarm rings (the cause) and you wake up (the effect). 

The most common words to express cause and effect are because and so . Because introduces the cause; so introduces the effect.

I woke up because my alarm went off .

    effect                            cause

My alarm went off so I woke up . 

      cause                          effect

Being able to describe cause-effect relationships is a crucial skill for academic writing. The following phrases will help you to do this. 

In these two examples, you first use the phrase, state the effect (in italics) , and then the cause (underlined).

One reason ( for )

One of the causes ( of )

One reason for traffic congestion is inadequate public transportation .

One of the causes of traffic congestion is inadequate public transportation .

When using the following phrases, you first state the effect , then a comma, the phrase and then the cause .

Due to 

Blood sports should be made illegal , owing to the high level of suffering they cause animals .

Blood sports should be made illegal , due to the high level of suffering they cause animals .

 With these phrases you first state the cause , the phrase and then the effect . 

Causes 

Smoking causes/leads to a number of illnesses, such as cancer and diabetes . 

A poor work ethic can lead to fewer career opportunities.

With these phrases you first state the effect , then the phrase, and then the cause . 

A result of

Brought about by

Global warming is a result of / brought about by many factors .

Pollution is a result of / brought about by heavy traffic .

⇨ Look at how some of these phrases are used in the following passage. 

Reading for Pleasure… and Success!

For ESL learners, developing a reading habit is a prerequisite for success.

To achieve a mastery of the English language – or indeed any language, it is important to read for pleasure. Good exam marks are often the result of having a reading habit. One reason for this is that when students read, they learn new vocabulary in context. Furthermore, learning to enjoy reading leads to students spending more of their time immersed in books, which improves their English. 

My ebook 'IELTS Essay Writing'  contains exercises to go with this lesson - Click here -   https://ieltsdavid.com/shop/ols/products/ielts-essay-writing-by-david-richards  

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How to Identify & Answer Cause and Effect Question Types in IELTS Writing Task 2

In this article, we'll discuss Cause & Effect question types and look at how to identify them and what essay structure you should use to answer them. After learning about this question type, you'll get a chance to look at some practice questions and a complete sample essay.

• How to identify Cause and Effect question types in IELTS Writing Task 2
• Vocabulary for the Cause and Effect essay
• The essay structure for the Cause and Effect essay
• Free IELTS Writing Task 2 Cause and Effect Sample Questions and Model Essays
• More IELTS Writing Task 2 Cause and Effect Practice Questions

How to Identify IELTS Writing Cause and Effect Question Types

In IELTS writing task 2, there are 6 different question types , so it's important you know how to answer each IELTS writing question type to prepare you for anything IELTS can throw at you.

So how do I know if it's a Cause & Effect?

It's not hard! Whenever you see a question that gives you a problem or situation, and asks you to describe its causes and effects , you know you're dealing with a Cause and Effect question type. Let's look at an example of this.

Many children who are home-schooled are not prepared for university at the same rate of children in government funded schools. What do you think are the causes of this? What effects will this have on society?

As you can see, the question is asking for the causes and effects, so it's fairly simple to identify.

Vocabulary for IELTS Writing Advantage & Disadvantage Question Types

Before we look at how to structure your essay for a Cause and Effect question, let's learn the words that we can use in this type of essay to show "cause" and "effect". The videos below teach you how to use the words that show "cause" and "effect" with proper prepositions and common collocations.

Now let's look at how to structure your essay for a Cause and Effect question.

IELTS Writing Task 2 Essay Structure - Cause and Effect

Below are three types of outlines that are frequently used for Cause and Effect essays:

In general, Outline A is used most often and is “fool-proof”. In terms of scoring, all three of these examples would be considered as a cohesive and logical process to use. Also, it is extremely important that each cause has its own effect. In other words, if you mention two causes, be sure to mention two corresponding effects.

Let’s take a closer look at how each paragraph should be written in Outline A.

• Rewritten Question
• Introduction of Specific Topics
• Topic Sentence – This will introduce the cause(s)
• Explanation/Detail of Cause 1
• Example of Cause 1
• Explanation/Detail of Cause 2
• Example of Cause 2
• Topic Sentence – This will introduce the effect(s)
• Explanation/Detail of Effect 1
• Example of Effect 1
• Explanation/Detail of Effect 2
• Example of Effect 2
• Summary of the Main Points (2 sentences)
• Something Important about this Topic (1-2 sentences)

In short, here is what the final Paragraph would look like for Outline A:

Now we’ve learned the paragraph outline, let’s look at an example using Outline A.

IELTS Writing Cause and Effect Sample Question and Model Essay

Introduction:

Health problems including heart disease, obesity, and diabetes are becoming more widespread in developed countries. There are several reasons contributing to this problem, as well as potentially drastic long-term effects. (30 words) Paragraph 1:

Lifestyle choices are important and major causes of poor health in developed countries. These days, it is perhaps easier and cheaper to follow an unhealthy diet. For example, the recent boom in fast food restaurants and chains has enticed people to eat at these establishments rather than cooking healthy meals at home. Stress is another factor that has contributed to poor health. The fast-paced corporate culture and competitive work atmosphere make for a difficult work-life balance, resulting in little to no time for eating healthy or taking care of oneself. (90 words) Paragraph 2:

These lifestyle choices will have drastic long-term effects. If generations continue to partake in these unhealthy habits, they will continue on for generations to come. For instance, parents who have diabetes or are prone to obesity have a higher chance of passing these conditions on to their children, and so on. Consequently, these health problems could result in a higher cost of living. Due to increased demand for services, it is only natural that the health care industry would charge higher prices to its clients, resulting in higher costs. (89 words) Conclusion:  

Poor lifestyle choices, ranging from unhealthy diets and higher stress, have certainly contributed to the decrease in health standards. If not properly taken care of, these problems could cause harmful long-term effects to future generations in terms of disease and a higher cost of living. (45 words)

This section presents a list of common IELTS Writing Task 2 - Cause & Effect questions. If you want to prepare for the IELTS Writing Test, these questions are a must study.

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Ielts writing task 2 sample 348 - discuss the cause and effects of widespread drug abuse by young people, ielts writing task 2/ ielts essay:, people in all modern societies use drugs, but today’s youth are experimenting with both legal and illegal drugs, and at an early age. some sociologists claim that parents and other members of society often set a bad example. discuss the cause and effects of widespread drug abuse by young people. make any recommendations you feel are necessary to help fight youth drug abuse..

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Mastering IELTS Writing Task 2: The Impact of Social Media on Youth Culture – Sample Essays and Expert Analysis

Social media’s influence on youth culture has become an increasingly prevalent topic in IELTS Writing Task 2 exams. Based on recent trends and past exam questions, it’s highly likely that this theme will continue to appear in future tests. Let’s explore a relevant question that has been featured in past IELTS exams and provide sample essays to help you prepare effectively.

Table of Contents

• 1 Analyzing the Question
• 2 Sample Essay for Band 8-9
• 3 Sample Essay for Band 6-7
• 4 Writing Tips for This Topic
• 5 Key Vocabulary to Remember
• 6 Conclusion

Analyzing the Question

Some people think that social media has a negative impact on young people’s lives, while others believe it can have positive effects. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

This question asks you to examine both positive and negative aspects of social media’s impact on youth. It’s crucial to address both sides of the argument and clearly state your own perspective.

Sample Essay for Band 8-9

Here’s a high-scoring sample essay that effectively addresses the question:

Social media has become an integral part of young people’s lives, sparking debates about its effects. While some argue that it negatively impacts youth, others believe it offers significant benefits. In my opinion, social media has both positive and negative aspects, but its benefits outweigh its drawbacks when used responsibly.

On one hand, critics argue that social media can have detrimental effects on young people. Excessive use of platforms like Instagram and TikTok can lead to decreased face-to-face interactions , potentially hindering the development of crucial social skills. Moreover, the constant exposure to curated, idealized versions of others’ lives may contribute to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem among youth. Additionally, cyberbullying has emerged as a serious concern, with the anonymity of online spaces sometimes fostering cruel behavior.

On the other hand, proponents argue that social media offers numerous advantages for young people. These platforms provide unprecedented opportunities for global connectivity , allowing youth to engage with diverse cultures and perspectives. Social media also serves as a powerful tool for self-expression and creativity, enabling young people to share their ideas and artistic endeavors with a wide audience. Furthermore, it can be an invaluable resource for education and information sharing, with many young people using platforms like YouTube for tutorials and academic support.

In my view, while the potential negative impacts of social media should not be ignored, its benefits are substantial when used mindfully. The key lies in educating young people about responsible digital citizenship and promoting a balanced approach to social media use. By fostering critical thinking skills and encouraging real-world connections alongside online interactions, we can help youth harness the positive aspects of social media while mitigating its risks.

In conclusion, social media’s impact on young people is complex and multifaceted. While it poses certain challenges, its potential for fostering connectivity, creativity, and learning is significant. By promoting responsible use and digital literacy, we can help ensure that social media enhances rather than detracts from young people’s lives.

(Word count: 309)

Sample Essay for Band 6-7

Here’s a sample essay that demonstrates writing at the Band 6-7 level:

Social media has become very popular among young people, and there are different opinions about its effects. Some people think it’s bad for youth, while others see it as beneficial. I believe social media has both good and bad sides.

Those who criticize social media say it can harm young people. They argue that teenagers spend too much time online , which can make them less social in real life. Also, seeing perfect lives on Instagram can make young people feel bad about themselves. Cyberbullying is another big problem that can hurt teenagers emotionally.

However, supporters of social media point out its advantages. It helps young people stay connected with friends and family, even if they’re far away. Social media also lets teenagers express themselves creatively through posts, videos, and photos. Many young people also use it to learn new things and find information for school.

In my opinion, social media can be good for young people if they use it carefully. It’s important for parents and schools to teach teenagers how to use social media safely and responsibly. Young people should be encouraged to balance their online time with real-life activities and relationships.

To conclude, social media has both positive and negative effects on youth. While there are risks, I believe the benefits can be significant if young people learn to use these platforms wisely. It’s crucial to help teenagers develop a healthy relationship with social media.

(Word count: 245)

Writing Tips for This Topic

Balanced Approach : Ensure you discuss both positive and negative aspects of social media’s impact on youth.

Specific Examples : Use concrete examples to illustrate your points, such as mentioning specific social media platforms or describing common scenarios.

Personal Opinion : Clearly state your own view, typically in the introduction and conclusion.

Cohesive Structure : Use linking words and phrases to connect your ideas smoothly.

Varied Vocabulary : Employ a range of vocabulary related to social media and its effects. For higher band scores, use more sophisticated terms and expressions.

Key Vocabulary to Remember

• Digital literacy (noun) /ˈdɪdʒɪtl ˈlɪtərəsi/ – The ability to use digital technology effectively and critically
• Cyberbullying (noun) /ˈsaɪbəˌbʊliɪŋ/ – The use of electronic communication to bully a person
• Global connectivity (noun phrase) /ˈɡləʊbl kənekˈtɪvəti/ – The ability to connect and communicate worldwide
• Self-esteem (noun) /ˌself əˈstiːm/ – Confidence in one’s own worth or abilities
• Digital citizenship (noun phrase) /ˈdɪdʒɪtl ˈsɪtɪznʃɪp/ – The responsible use of technology and online behavior
• Social interaction (noun phrase) /ˈsəʊʃl ˌɪntərˈækʃn/ – The way people communicate and interact with each other
• Content curation (noun phrase) /ˈkɒntent kjʊəˈreɪʃn/ – The process of gathering and presenting online content
• Information overload (noun phrase) /ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn ˈəʊvələʊd/ – Exposure to excessive amounts of information

The Impact Of Social Media On Youth Culture is a complex and evolving topic that’s likely to remain relevant in IELTS Writing Task 2. By understanding both the positive and negative aspects of social media’s influence, you’ll be well-prepared to tackle this subject in your exam. Remember to practice writing essays on this topic, considering various perspectives and using the vocabulary provided. You can even share your practice essays in the comments section below for feedback and discussion with other learners.

For further practice, consider writing about related topics such as:

• The role of social media in education
• The impact of social media on mental health
• How social media affects personal relationships among young people

By exploring these related themes, you’ll broaden your understanding and be better equipped to handle a wide range of questions on this important subject. Good luck with your IELTS preparation!

If you’re interested in exploring more IELTS-related topics, you might find these articles helpful:

• Describe a Recent Social Media Trend That You Participated In
• The Influence of Culture on Consumer Behavior
• Impact of Social Media on Body Image Perceptions
• IELTS essay samples
• Sample Essay
• Vocabulary List

Mastering IELTS Writing Task 2: The Importance of Sustainable Tourism in Protecting Natural Resources

Mastering IELTS Writing Task 2: How to Manage the Impact of Economic Inequality on Education – Sample Essays and Analysis

IELTS Writing Task 2: Managing Climate Change Impact on Biodiversity – Sample Essays and Analysis

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How to Write ‘Causes (Reasons) and Effects’ Type of Essay in IELTS Writing Task 2

In “causes and effects” type of essay, IELTS examiners want you to discuss the causes or reasons of the problem in one paragraph.The likely effects of that problem in the second paragraph separately. Therefore, it is important that you find out relevant points of causes (reasons) and effects  for IELTS Writing . Please note that in this question, you should not make any paragraph about solutions.

Let’s look at an example:

Obesity in children is a serious problem in a number of countries..

What are the causes of obesity in children?

Discuss the possible alarming effects of this problem in the future.

Solution: .

With this type of essay, you have two points to be discussed: 1.   Causes of obesity in children in developed countries.

2.   Effects of obesity in the future in developed countries.

You must discuss both of them by giving reasons and support them with examples.

If you do not discuss any of the above two points in the essay, you will lose marks.

So, in this type of essay, you must explain both the points.

How to structure it?

The essay can be structured mainly in 4 paragraphs as follows:

 Introduction

Causes & Reasons

Further structuring of the paragraphs can be done as follows:

a. Introduction

Paraphrase the Question

Outline the sentence

b. -Body Paragraph 1 (Causes (reasons))

State the cause (reason)

Explain how it is the cause (reason)

Write an example

c.  (Effects)

State the likely effect

Explain how this can be the possible effect

d.  Conclusion

Sentence 1- Write summary of the main points Here, Four paragraphs are sufficient to explain your point of view. So,You may use any other structure you are comfortable with.This structure is approved by the IELTS examiners to help the students write in an effective and cohesive manner.

Sample Question:

Also, You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.

Write about the following topic:

Here, Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Write at least 250 words.

Sample Answer:

Here, Over the past few years, developed countries have encountered various cases of children suffering from the problem of obesity. This essay will discuss the possible causes for this increasing problem among children and also suggests the possible consequences that may result in case of negligence.

Furthermore, To embark upon, one of the main causes of obesity among children is poor diet as they are often seen eating junk food. At almost every corner of the street, one can found restaurants offering mouth tempting fast foods. Kids at home also are found to eat processed food because their parents do not find sufficient time for preparing the food. For example, packaged foods are purchased and kept in fridge for days. This food is not fresh and healthy. Hence affects their health, leading to build up of fat and compromising their fitness.

As a result, there are many possible consequences faced by the children. One such ill-effect is the risk of developing health related severe diseases like diabetes. So,This kind of debilitating illness implies that the child would need to be injected with insulin for the whole life. Moreover, overweight children are often found to be bullied . For example, many overweight kids are found disturbed facing the negative stigma of being obese

Here,On the whole, it is evident that there are various causes responsible for obesity among children and can lead to serious consequences in the future.  Also, It is the duty of their parents and relatives to ensure that appropriate steps are taken to prevent this problem from getting worst in the future.

(279 words)

Vocabulary and Phrases:

Useful vocabulary for causes (reasons).

• One of the causes/The reason is that
• Because/Since
• Due to this/Because of/Owing to/Lead to
• As a result/Lead to the problem/Can attribute to

Useful vocabulary for Effects

• Consequence of/As a result of/Because of/Due to
• Make/Create/Change/Effect/Affect/Result
• Risk of/Leading to

Write an essay of about 250 words on the following topics. Use the vocabulary mentioned above. 1. Also,There are a number of skin-whitening products available in the market. State the reasons why people are using these products? Discuss the possible negative outcomes of using these products.

2. Here,With the advancement of technology, social interaction among people has affected to a greater extent. What are the reasons of reduced social interaction? Suggest whether this would lead to a positive or negative effect in the future.

3. So,Almost everybody nowadays is found using personal vehicle for travelling purpose. What are the reasons of this increasing trend? Explain what negative outcomes may be faced in the society due to this.

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Cause and Effect Essay - English - 30 Multiple Choice, Answers - 8th grades, 11 pages

Subject: English

Age range: 11-14

Resource type: Worksheet/Activity

Last updated

29 August 2024

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Welcome, 8th graders and higher grades, to an exciting journey into the world of writing! In this activity, we’ll explore the art of crafting a “Cause and Effect Essay” , which is a type of writing that allows you to investigate and explain the reasons behind events or actions and their subsequent consequences.

Why do certain things happen, and what happens because of them? That’s what this 11 page activity is all about—discovering the connections and patterns in our world in one hour.

During this 30 Multiple Choice activity, you will learn the essential elements of a Cause and Effect Essay, how to structure it effectively, and how to use transitional words to guide your readers through the causal relationships. You’ll also explore common mistakes to avoid and techniques to make your essay compelling and insightful thanks to the Answers included.

By the end of this English activity, you’ll be well-equipped to write your own Cause and Effect Essays and impress your teachers with your writing skills. Let’s dive in!

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