project monitoring system thesis

The effects of monitoring and evaluation practice on project success in ngos; a case study on projects funded by compassion international Ethiopia

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MASTER'S THESIS - INFLUENCE OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION ON PROJECT SUSTAINABILITY IN NIGERIA, A CASE STUDY OF LOCAL EMPOWERMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROJECT (LEEMP) IN BENUE STATE

This study examines the Influence of Monitoring and Evaluation on Project Sustainability in Nigeria, A Case Study of Local Empowerment and Environmental Management Project (LEEMP) in Benue State. Monitoring and Evaluation (M & E) helps to track project performance at any given time and provides reasons for an observed project status. In this study, M & E was defined as the key component of project management that gives control over the main parameters that define a project; scope, quality, resources, completion time and cost, as well as play major role in ensuring sustainability of the project. The objectives of the study were to determine the influence of monitoring and evaluation plan on project performance and sustainability in Nigeria; Investigate the extent to which monitoring and evaluation contribute to project performance and sustainability in Nigeria; Examine the implication of implementing development project without monitoring and evaluation plan; and Interrogate the benefits of adoption monitoring and evaluation framework on project performance and sustainability in Nigeria. The literatures reviewed on M & E traced the evolution of M & E and examined the paradigm shifts that have occurred from viewing M & E as a mere tracking tool to sustainability component. Given the research objective, design and methods, data collection and analysis were guided by the descriptive statistics. This approach was selected as the most appropriate for addressing the research questions. Secondary data as well as primary data sourced from interviews of 60 participants conducted through focus group discussion in 6 communities and 140 questionnaires were employed. Data analysis was conducted using both quantitative and qualitative method. The results show that monitoring and evaluation, indeed has influence on project performance and sustainability. Furthermore, the results show that the implication of implementing development project without monitoring and evaluation plan include lack of stakeholder engagement, lack of communication, and lack of clear roles and responsibilities, which will in turn leads to poor project performance and lack of sustainability. The study concluded that the monitoring and evaluation has direct influence on project performance and sustainability. Hence, Monitoring and evaluation should be comprehensive enough to measure the relevance, impact, sustainability and efficiency of a project or development interventions. Keywords: Monitoring, Evaluation, Project, Sustainability, Performance. Wordcount: 338 Words

Related Papers

Jacob Tombo

ABSTRACT The study explored impact of monitoring and evaluation on performance of community development projects in Kisumu district. M&E of development projects are increasingly recognized as indispensable management functions. M&E has over the years experienced various problems and constrains not only in Kenya but in world as a whole, some of the constrains include weak culture of sharing out, weak interest and commitment to M&E functions by both donors and government among other stakeholders. M&E is an integral part of Community Development Projects (CDPs) in Kenya thus it has enhanced prudent planning, timely feedback and constant review of projects constrains leading to improved performance in terms of efficiency, accountability and project effectiveness The general objective of the study was to establish the impact of monitoring and evaluation on performance of Pandipieri community development projects. The study adopted survey design; stratified random and convenience sampling was used to sample the beneficiaries and stakeholders of Pandipieri Community Development Projects. The study population comprised of 1500 beneficiaries, staffs and stakeholders who are distributed in the sub estates of Nyalenda, Nanga and Manyatta. A questionnaire was used as the main tool of data collection where data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in tables and graphs. The study came up with various factors, which were seen as the elements of monitoring and evaluation. Specifically, elements included feedback, planning, and continuous review. The The study recommends that the government, donors and other stakeholders should enact laws, guidelines to ensure that all projects are monitored and evaluated to provide better means for learning from past experience, improving service delivery, planning and allocation of resources hence demonstrating results as part of accountability to key stakeholders, the study also recommends that project managers should involve target population to incalculate a sense of expectation trust and ownership of the project hence sustainability of the initiative in subsequent phases.

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP)

Jean de Dieu Hakizimana

The purpose of this study is to examine the contribution of monitoring and evaluation on project implementation in Rwanda using a case of GHH in Karongi District. The specific objectives are: to assess the effect of M&E plan on effect project implementation of Global Help to Heal’s Project in Karongi District, to identify the effect of Strategic Plan on effective Implementation of Global Help to Heal’s Project in Karongi District, to analyse the effect of Budget Plan on Effective Project Implementation in Karongi District, and to Ascertain the effect of Risk Assessment Plan on Effective Project Implementation in Karongi District. This research has significance to the researcher, to MKU and GHH. The researcher wants to analyse the importance of monitoring and evaluation and challenges project success. The researcher adopted a case study because she wants to get deep investigation on the role of monitoring and evaluation to project. The target population was 1000 individuals. A sample...

Elumah Lucas , shobayo peter babatunde

Sustainable development is an important challenge currently facing the economy. It deals with how to develop the economy without jeopardizing the life of future generations. Organizations have incorporated the concept of sustainability in their overall organizational structures. In recent times the concept of sustainable development has been associated with project management; Projects are seen as a mechanism of change both within an organization, and the economy at large, and this mechanism play a crucial role in achieving both sustainable business process and practices. Thus, project managers are seen as change agents who play important role on the sustainability of an organization. However, the standard of project management in Nigeria have failed to realize the crucial role project managers play in ensuring sustainable development, and the project managers as well lack the capability to achieve sustainability in their project. This study aims to identify the role of project management in ensuring sustainable development. The study further aims to make specific recommendations on developing the standards of the project management capabilities so as to prepare the project managers for the crucial role of achieving sustainable development in an organization and the economy at large.

Ramsy Mwakyusa

An appropriate monitoring and evaluation mechanism is among factors that contribute positively towards actualization of project sustainability (Mahonge, 2013). Also, ME an integration that would have enabled a continued management of risks that affects programs’ outcome sustainability, until those activities are adapted into the local livelihood of the beneficiaries. Therefore, this document is an account of the effectiveness of district councils M&E systems particularly in taking on board initiatives by NGOs and how sustainability is being affected. Using Sengerema DC as a case, it was learned that the district council M&E system is used to assess NGO programs at all stages thus creating an opportunity for identifying and managing factors that affect sustainability. Also program initiatives are included in the comprehensive council plan as an attempt to sustain them. However there is a lack of continued M&E support to the program activities left after exit of implementing organizat...

saba harethi

This paper sets out to examine the efficacy of monitoring and evaluation in achieving project success in Kenya. The victory of project management is usually gauged by the project success. Project success is achieved as a result of various contributing factors. One of the major factors leading to project success is monitoring and evaluation. This study therefore examined the efficiency of monitoring and evaluation function and its effect in achieving project success. This was done by assessing whether various attributes monitoring and evaluation such as; strength of monitoring, monitoring approach adopted, political influence and project lifecycle stage affects project success. Each of these attributes was regressed against the project success. The study found out that all the monitoring and evaluation attributes assessed had some impact in achieving the Project success. This study concluded that a number of projects that fail were as a result of weak a monitoring and evaluation function which was partly contributed by lack of management support. The study contributed new knowledge in that it established that projects may be unsuccessful despite having monitoring and evaluation function due to the weakness of M&E, lack of management support on the project functions, and political interference especially in Africa and developing countries.

yusuf muchelule

The success of a project is regarded as the achievement of goals and objectives. The only way that these objectives can be met is through the use of effective project management processes and techniques. The study sought to examine the role of project management practices on the sustainability of CDF projects in Langata Constituency. The study examined the influence of project leadership, project planning, project communication and monitoring and evaluation on the sustainability of constituency development funds in Langata Constituency. In the literature review, three theories were examined namely, the theory of leadership, the theory of change and theory of constraints. The study used structured questionnaires to gather information from the respondents. The sample size of the study is 201 respondents were stratified in two strata of top-level management consisting of subcounty leaders, project manager, and CDF heads, and union staff employees comprising CDF implementation team. The descriptive research design was used in the study as both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. Analysis of data was done using SPSS version 23. Correlation and regression analysis were used to obtain relationship among the variables. The analyzed results were presented using tables. The findings showed that project leadership has a positive and significant effect on project sustainability, β1 = 0.246, p < 0.001, project planning has a positive and significant effect on project sustainability, β2 = 0.303, p < 0.001, project communication has a positive and significant effect on project sustainability, β3 = 0.302, p < 0.001 and project monitoring and evaluation has a positive and significant effect on project sustainability, β4 = 0.263, p < 0.001. From these findings, it is recommended that: there is need to enhance further the role of project leadership within proper and effect leadership styles through constant capacity building and training. Also, there is need to further define project goals and objectives clearly to all members, establish proper budgeting mechanisms through which adequate allocation of resources can be achieved and also ensure that procurement guidelines are set up and adequately followed in the project planning processes. Also, there is a need for improvement in the communication channels to draw more benefits out of project communication. Also, there is there is need to address mechanisms that ensure there is regular monitoring of project progress to provide that there is the maximum benefit of the monitoring and evaluation processes established. Keywords: Monitoring and Evaluation, Project Communication, Project Leadership, Project Planning

ekaka suleiman

This paper sets out to review literature on the efficacy of monitoring and evaluation in achieving project success in Kenya. Several studies have been carried out with an aim of determining the critical success factors (CSFs) which contribute to project success. The analysis of these studies shows a particular pattern of events. Some CSFs appears consistently in a number of studies. One such factor is the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) function. The researcher used literature review approach to analyze the factors related to M&E influencing project success. All the factors identified were grouped into four main categories which are: Strength of M&E team, monitoring approach adopted, political influence and project lifecycle stage. The study further identified management support as a mediating factor between M&E and the Project Success. A good M&E without management support is likely not to succeed.

Oirc Journals

In order to enhance development in Kenya, National Government Constituency Development Fund NG-CDF was created to ensure equity of development in all parts of the country. However, cases of poor project management have been established in several counties. This has led to poor project performance, where cases of NG-CDF project delays have been established. The general purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of project monitoring on performance of community development projects. The study was guided by the theory of change. The research design was descriptive survey and targeted population totaling to 80 respondents who are NG-CDF project stakeholders within Elgeyo Marakwet. Data was collected using questionnaires and thereafter data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics. The results were presented in graphs and frequency tables. From 80 questionnaires distributed out 65 were returned which translated to 81.0% as the response rate. The study found out that project monitoring (β=0.287, P=0.002<0.05) had a positive and statistically significance on performance of NG-CDF projects. Thus, the null hypotheses were rejected and the alternative hypotheses accepted. From the predictor variable, project monitoring (β=0.287) had the most significant influence on performance of NG-CDF projects. The study concluded that the variable factor influenced performance of NG-CDF projects. The study recommended that all the NG-CDF stakeholders who include project management committee, MCAs and project representatives should always be involved in project monitoring in order to positively influence performance of NG-CDF.

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Ozmen, Teoman. "Gas Turbine Monitoring System." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607957/index.pdf.

Hedström, Therese, and Sara Lundahl. "Evaluation of monitoring systems and processes." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-31855.

Hill, James B. "Methodology for monitoring the USMC performance evaluation system." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/21434.

Typrin, Marcello. "IMTS (Intelligent Monitoring and Trending System) : a PC-based monitoring, evaluation and trending system for rotating machinery /." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12302008-063435/.

Hunt, Victor J. "Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring of Highway Bridges." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin974836791.

Haugros, Håkon Unander, and Signe Bø Overå. "A home based health monitoring system: An implementation and evaluation." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-8873.

The advances in technology over recent years have opened up a lot of opportunities in the field of wearable health monitoring. Technology equipment that was once reserved for hospital use may now be used in the home of a consumer; this could ease the life of many long term patients and their next of kin. We have been in contact with the case of a child, who suffers from a number of rare conditions and complications. She has to be monitored almost all the time in her home by her parents. She has been in and out of the hospital a number of times, without ever figuring out what causes her problems. Her parents have to use a lot of time and effort to monitor her. Our goal in this thesis was two-fold, automate and ease the monitoring of her as well as logging all the data of vital signs so that it may later be used for diagnosing. We made a prototype system using the hardware of a wearable monitoring shirt called the LifeShirt. Our main focus was to create a system that would allow for discussion around potential usage areas of the LifeShirt. We did live testing on the patient and evaluated the solution with the family and the patient’s physician. We found that our prototype concept fulfills a need that is currently unmet. Their monitoring can be simplified, and the physician can get more data to use for diagnosing purposes. Based on our result we see a great potential for using wearable health monitoring technology in the home. We envisage many areas that could benefit from automated monitoring with the LifeShirt, both in home as well as in hospital settings.

Fors, Carina. "Evaluation of a Laser Doppler System for Myocardial Perfusion Monitoring." Licentiate thesis, Linköping : Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linköping University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-9584.

Bhattarai, Saroj K. "Monitoring and evaluation system for rural development projects in Nepal." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/508013.

Jones, Philip Edward James. "Evaluation of water distribution system monitoring using stochastic dynamic modeling." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40441.

Stagkopoulou, Alexandra. "Simulative Evaluation of Security Monitoring Systems based on SDN." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-193710.

Li, Guang M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Evaluation of continuous glucose monitoring systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45357.

Gabriel, Komakech. "A conceptual model for a programme monitoring and evaluation information system." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85755.

Wu, Hui Hsien. "Development and Evaluation of a BlackBerry-based Wearable Mobility Monitoring System." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20500.

Lam, Andrew K. F. (Andrew Kin Fai). "Development and evaluation of an expert monitoring system for an ICU." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=67528.

Motingoe, Rapulo Solomon. "Monitoring and evaluation system utilisation for municipal support / Rapulo Solomon Motingoe." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9179.

Mosman, James P. (James Paul). "Evaluation of Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring for shipboard cycling system diagnostics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36277.

Makhomo, Selbourne Rapoone. "Remote monitoring and evaluation of a photovoltaic (PV) groundwater pumping system." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1270.

Brogan, Daniel S. "Development and Evaluation of the Online Watershed Learning System (OWLS)." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/75213.

Maynard, Whitney E. "The Monitoring and Evaluation of Geothermal Systems." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3634.

Knowles, William. "Traffic Modeling and Evaluation of QoS schemes in Wide Area Monitoring System." Thesis, KTH, Industriella informations- och styrsystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-138572.

Qin, Xiaodong. "Performance evaluation of a database server for a distributed application monitoring system." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq36946.pdf.

Meyer, Eric Todd. "Evaluation of exhaust flowrate measurement techniques for a mobile emissions monitoring system." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1855.

Graybeal, Dale Kevin. "Evaluation of water distribution system monitoring using a combined simulation-optimization approach." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01312009-063527/.

Abdel, Hakim Karim A. "Continuous non-invasive BP monitoring : service evaluation during induction of anaesthesia and haemodialysis." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11930/.

Mahirah, Binti Jahari. "Double Lighting Machine Vision System for Rice Quality Evaluation." Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/228241.

Mahamed, Mahamed Rage. "Developing a monitoring and evaluation system for the ceasefire gang violence programme in Hanover Park, Cape Town." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8548.

Mickevičiūtė, Asta, and Hasan khan. "Evaluation of packet capturing systems for passive monitoring." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för Informationsvetenskap, Data– och Elektroteknik (IDE), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-23451.

Abbasi, Saddedine. "Critical evaluation and novel design of a non-invasive and wearable health monitoring system." Thesis, Brunel University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553648.

Stegard, Simon. "Implementation and evaluation of a centralized hardware monitoring system for HP servers : A case study." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15273.

Kimaro, Josephine Rogate. "Analysis of the Monitoring and Evaluation system : a case study of the Tanzanian Local Government." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65486.

White, Catherine. "An evaluation of the implementation of the 3-tiered ART monitoring system in South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22825.

Moll, Remington James. "Development and evaluation of a terrestrial animal-borne video system for ecological research." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5782.

Cheung, William Wai Ming 1978. "Evaluation of infrastructure monitoring systems using PDA and GPS technologies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8908.

Mahasele, Phehello Anthony. "Monitoring and evaluation indicators of the HIV & AIDS programme in Grahamstown's public sector health care system." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003248.

Fonkem, Nguika Judith. "An Analysis of a Readiness Assessment for establishing a Monitoring and Evaluation System in Early Childhood Development (ECD) Programmes: a case study of Ikamva Labantu Centre, Khayelitsha." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4007.

Srinivasan, Abirami. "Development and Evaluation of the Ethernet Interface(s) for the Monitoring and Control System of a New Beamforming Radio Telescope." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34744.

Kienzler, Vincent. "Performance-based management and accountability systems : the case of the community-based monitoring and evaluation system in Iganga District, Uganda." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2015. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3657/.

Gerdes, Mike. "Predictive Health Monitoring for Aircraft Systems using Decision Trees." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fluida och mekatroniska system, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-105843.

Zwane, Engeline. "Monitoring and evaluation mechanisms for sustainable development in Sedibeng District Municipality." Thesis, North West University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/13041.

Oghenetega, Joshua Ogheneovo. "Participatory monitoring and evaluation for improved service delivery: The case Of C3 notification system in site C Khayelitsha." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6579.

Greeff, Maria. "Evaluation of the monitoring system for volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions at NATREF, South Africa / M. Greeff." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/528.

De, Vries Stephen. "Enhancing participatory democracy in municipal affairs through the ward committee system: a participatory monitoring and evaluation approach." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6719.

de, Vries Stephen. "Enhancing participatory democracy: in municipal affairs through the ward committee system: A participatory monitoring and evaluation approach." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6522.

Cheng, Danling. "Integrated System Model Reliability Evaluation and Prediction for Electrical Power Systems: Graph Trace Analysis Based Solutions." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28944.

Johnson, Laura Young. "Evaluation of Bureau of Land Management Protocols for Monitoring Stream Condition." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45202.

Agarwal, Gunjan. "Experiments with the pentium Performance monitoring counters." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/69.

Jelena, Ivanovic. "Evaluation of Surgical Quality with a Focus on the Standardized Monitoring of Peri-Operative Morbidity and Mortality." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20097.

Eenboom, Frauke [Verfasser], Björn [Akademischer Betreuer] Poppe, and Dietmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Georg. "Development and evaluation of a dose monitoring system for modern radiotherapy / Frauke Eenboom. Betreuer: Björn Poppe ; Dietmar Georg." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1079000321/34.

Brodsky, Rachel Amanda. "Effective Prestress Evaluation of the Varina-Enon Bridge Using a Long-Term Monitoring System and Finite Element Model." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99398.

Eenboom, Frauke Verfasser], Björn [Akademischer Betreuer] [Poppe, and Dietmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Georg. "Development and evaluation of a dose monitoring system for modern radiotherapy / Frauke Eenboom. Betreuer: Björn Poppe ; Dietmar Georg." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:715-oops-26362.

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Managing hybrid industrial IoT enterprise wireless networks

Chen, Yu (2024) Managing hybrid industrial IoT enterprise wireless networks. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow.

The advent of the Internet of Things has spurred the deployment of Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) to facilitate a myriad of commercial and private services. However, while LPWANs offer benefits such as low power consumption and wide coverage, their lower data rates and reliability have constrained their utility in industrial processes and high data rate multimedia applications. This thesis addresses these limitations by exploring the integration of LPWANs into the Fifth Generation (5G) cellular networks and enhancing the management of the hybrid network in terms of server offloading, data volume reduction, and scalability management.

The first part of the thesis surveys the challenges and solutions of LPWAN-5G integration, emphasizing hybrid architectures, security, mobility, interoperability, and coexistence with other wireless technologies. Building upon this, the second part of the thesis designs and implements a Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN)5G integrated network with a collaborative radio access network and a converged core network. The integrated network has been deployed for heating monitoring, demonstrating the feasibility, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness of the hybrid network. The implemented LoRaWAN-5G integrated network has attracted new funding from the European Space Agency for a telemedicine project.

The third part of the thesis proposes a Long Range (LoRa) mesh-5G integrated network to address coverage gaps in railway operations, leveraging 5G for backhaul and computing while extending coverage with LoRa mesh. The integration of edge computing and a cloud-edge-terminal collaborative architecture enhances network efficiency and timeliness, as validated in a proof-of-concept deployment for trackside weather monitoring. The LoRa mesh-based trackside weather monitoring system has been adopted by Network Rail for potential widespread use.

Lastly, the fourth part of the thesis investigates the reliability and scalability of the LoRa mesh-5G integrated network for monitoring linear infrastructure, proposing a deployment strategy and novel 5G-enabled routing algorithm to optimize node placement and enhance network performance within duty cycle regulations. Moreover, a simulation tool has been developed to validate these findings, offering insights into practical deployments.

Collectively, this thesis contributes to the understanding and advancement of LPWAN-5G integration, offering solutions for diverse industrial and infrastructure monitoring applications, e.g., trackside weather monitoring. This thesis serves as a comprehensive exploration of the integration and optimization of LPWAN technologies within 5G networks, paving the way for enhanced Internet of Things deployments in various domains.

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