This guidance is intended to provide agency heads, managers, training and development professionals, employees and other interested parties with a single, topically organized source for Governmentwide training policy. Using the policies and guidance referenced here as a foundation, agencies should develop their own training policies in alignment with their respective strategic plans and missions. Agency training policies should be communicated widely and regularly to managers and employees and should be continually updated to reflect changing directions and priorities.
Agencies are responsible for developing, implementing, and evaluating their training programs in support of achieving their mission and goals. To assist this effort, the United States Office of Personnel Management (OPM) compiled existing policies, laws, regulations, Executive orders, memoranda, and directives authorizing and directing training for Federal employees into this one comprehensive Handbook. The information in this Handbook supplements and aides in the interpretation of instructions and guidelines found in the Government Employees Training Act (5 U.S.C. 4101-4121), Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), 5 CFR parts 410 and 412, and other applicable statutes, regulations and directives.
This Handbook is intended to provide agency heads, managers, training and development professionals, employees and other interested parties with a single, topically organized source for Governmentwide training policy. Topics include foundation principles; basic training policy and goals; roles and responsibilities of agency heads, managers and employees; mandated training; reporting of training data; training restrictions; and training administration and operations. The policies described in this Handbook delegate training authorities to department and agency heads in ways that allow flexibility in and local control over how they are carried out, but they do so within a context of holding managers accountable for meeting certain organization and Governmentwide training goals.
Using the policies and guidance referenced in this Handbook as a foundation, agencies should develop their own training policies in alignment with their respective strategic plans and missions. Agency training policies should be communicated widely and regularly to managers and employees and should be continually updated to reflect changing directions and priorities. All cited statutes and regulations are applicable as of the date of this publication. Agencies should consult original legal source material for context and to ensure cited statutes and regulations are still current. For questions or comments regarding anything in this Handbook, please email [email protected] .
Regulations:
Executive Order:
Agencies are required to assess periodically, but not less often than annually, the overall agency talent management program to identify training needs within the agency (5 CFR 410.201(4)). This can be accomplished by conducting a needs assessment. The purpose of conducting a training needs assessment is to identify performance requirements and competencies needed by an agency’s workforce to achieve the agency’s mission (5 CFR 410.201(d)).
A needs assessment identifies the gap between performance required or desired and current performance. The assessment then explores reasons for the gap and methods for closing or eliminating gaps. An effective training needs assessment will help direct resources needed to fulfill organizational mission, improve productivity, and provide quality products and services to the areas of greatest demand. Needs assessments should examine training needs on three levels:
Fast facts: index of laws, regulations, and other references related to training administration.
This index highlights the laws, regulations, and other references relating to Federal Training administration. The index is a valuable resource for researching major training policy subject-matter areas. Many of the cited documents are available on the Internet. You also may contact your agency's human resources office, library, legal office, or information technology office to obtain copies of the documents cited (e.g., laws, regulations, Executive orders, etc.). Since each agency is responsible for Federal training administration, it is imperative that you also consult your agency's internal policies and collective bargaining agreements, as applicable.
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
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(1) contributes significantly to— (A) meeting an identified agency training need; (B) resolving an identified agency staffing problem; or (C) accomplishing goals in the strategic plan of the agency; (2) is part of a planned, systemic, and coordinated agency employee development program linked to accomplishing the strategic goals of the agency; and (3) is accredited and is provided by a college or university that is accredited by a nationally recognized body (5 U.S.C. 4107 (a)). In exercising this authority, agencies shall: (1) consistent with the merit system principles set forth in paragraphs (2) and (7) of section 2301 (b), take into consideration the need to— (A) maintain a balanced workforce in which women, members of racial and ethnic minority groups, and persons with disabilities are appropriately represented in Government service; and (B) provide employees effective education and training to improve organizational and individual performance; (2) assure that the training is not for the sole purpose of providing an employee an opportunity to obtain an academic degree or qualify for appointment to a particular position for which the academic degree is a basic requirement; (3) assure that no authority under this subsection is exercised on behalf of any employee occupying or seeking to qualify for— (A) a noncareer appointment in the senior Executive Service; or (B) appointment to any position that is excepted from the competitive service because of its confidential policy-determining, policy-making or policy-advocating character (5 U.S.C. 4107(b)). OPM recommends agencies identify mission-critical occupation and competency needs before determining the programs the agency will support in its academic degree training program. OPM also recommends that agencies establish written policies regarding academic degree training programs. These policies could include the following: Any employee as defined in 5 U.S.C. 4101(2) is eligible to participate. Employees ineligible to participate are those who occupy or seek to qualify for an appointment to any position that is excepted from the competitive service because of its confidential, policy-determining, policy-making, or policy-advocating nature (i.e., Schedule C appointments—political appointees), or a noncareer appointment in the Senior Executive Service (5 U.S.C. 4107(b)(3)). Selection and assignment to academic degree training must follow merit promotion requirements (5 CFR 335.103(b)(3)) and competitive procedures (5 CFR 335.103(c)(1)(iii) and 5 CFR part 300 subpart A). The selection and assignment must be accomplished to meet one or more of the criteria identified in 5 U.S.C. 4107(a). Therefore, an agency may competitively select and assign an employee to an academic degree training program that qualifies the employee for promotion to a higher graded position or to a position that requires an academic degree (5 CFR 410.308(c)). Agencies may pay or reimburse all or part of the expenses of an employee’s academic degree training (5 U.S.C. 4109(a)(2)). These expenses include course tuition, books, materials, lab fees, and other fees associated with the program. 5 U.S.C. 4109(a)(2) does not require agencies to pay for an entire academic degree program. For example, agencies can decide to pay for the college courses specific to an employee’s major but not pay for general requirement courses (e.g., courses required to graduate, but not specific to the major). All training, including academic degree training courses, must be reported under 5 CFR 410.601, and OPM recommends the use of an SF-182 for the approval and reporting of training. To learn more about the SF-182, please refer to the SF-182 section in this Index and the . OPM recommends agencies establish policies for probation and termination from academic degree programs. Here is one example of a probation and termination policy: Agency X requires all employees participating in the academic degree program to maintain a grade point average (GPA) of 3.0 or better. If an employee does not maintain a 3.0 GPA for two continuous semesters, Agency X puts the employee on probation for one semester. The employee must recover to at least a 3.0 GPA at the end of the semester. If the employee does not receive at least a 3.0 GPA, the employee will be terminated from the agency academic degree program. OPM advises agencies to also establish policies granting a temporary leave of absence from academic degree programs to employees who are unable to participate in the program due to extenuating circumstances. For example, if the employee suffers from a recent death in the family and cannot take or complete the courses for that semester, the agency may grant a temporary leave of absence from the program for that semester. Agencies must assess and maintain records on the effectiveness of academic degree training assignments (5 CFR 410.308 (d)). Agencies must also maintain and submit to OPM’s Governmentwide Electronic Data Collection System records of training plans, expenditures, and activities (5 CFR 410.601 (a). This includes all courses included in approved academic degree training programs. To learn more about collection and management of training data, click on the . Colleges and universities participating in an academic degree training program must be accredited by a nationally recognized body (5 CFR 410.308(b)). The U.S. Department of Education maintains a database of accredited postsecondary institutions and programs. To find out which institutions are accredited, click on . To the greatest extent practicable, agencies should facilitate the use of online degree training (5 U.S.C. 4107(b)(4)). Agencies may determine whether to require an employee assigned to academic degree training to sign a continued service agreement (CSA), and this must be specified in the agency’s academic degree policy (5 CFR 410.309(b); see also 5 U.S.C. 4108). Agencies may require an employee who participates in training to continue to work in the Federal Government for at least three times the length of the training period (5 CFR 410.309(b)(2); see also 5 CFR 410.310). To learn more about CSAs, please see the . | 5 U.S.C. 2301(b); 4101(2); 4107; 4108; 4109 | 5 CFR part 300, subpart A; 5 CFR 335.103; 410.308; 410.309; 410.310; 410.601; Fact Sheet on Continuing Service Agreements |
5 U.S.C. 4103 | 5 CFR 410.307(b); 5 CFR 300.603(b)(6) | |
The agency may not pay to the employee any premium pay solely because the special tour of duty authorized under this section causes the employee to work on a day, or at a time during the day, for which premium pay would otherwise be payable (5 CFR. 610.122(b)). Agencies may allow employees to study for exams and complete course assignments or homework during the employees’ scheduled duty hours for agency- approved training. An agency head has general authority to schedule the work of his or her employees to accomplish the mission of the agency (5 CFR 610.121(b)(1)). In addition, agencies may pay all or part of the pay (except overtime, holiday, or night differential pay) of an employee of the agency selected and assigned for training under 5 U.S.C. 4109 for the period of training (5 U.S.C. 4109 (a)(1)). | 5 U.S.C. 4109 (a)(1) | 5 CFR 610.122; 610.121(b)(1) |
Executive Order 11348 section 402; 5 CFR 410.302(f) |
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SUBJECT | LAW | REGULATION/OTHER |
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Agencies may: For more information on paying for training-related expenses, please refer to the section in this Index. For more information on Career Transition Services, see . | 5 U.S.C. 4109 | 5 CFR 410.307(c)(4); 330.603 |
5 U.S.C. 5757 | Fact Sheet on Certification and Certificate Programs | |
5 CFR 410.203 | ||
5 U.S.C. 4108 | 5 CFR 410.309; 410.310; Fact Sheet on Continuing Service Agreements |
SUBJECT | LAW | REGULATION/OTHER |
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5 CFR 410.404 |
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To learn more about the educational benefits from the Post-9/11 GI Bill, see or visit the . On August 16, 2017, the President signed the Forever GI Bill-Harry W. Colmery Veterans Educational Assistance Act. The legislation contains 34 new provisions, which will enhance or expand educational benefits for Veterans, Service members, Families and Survivors. To learn more about the provisions, visit the . In order to protect the public fiscally, certain types of veterans educational assistance may not be used to pay for training when the training has already been paid for by the employee’s agency under chapter 41 of title 5, U.S. Code (38 U.S.C. 3681(a)). This measure helps to ensure that multiple payments are not made for the same training activity. For example, an employee may have one training course paid for under chapter 41 of title 5 and another course taken concurrently which is paid for under veterans’ educational assistance allowances. An employee could take a course in IT Security which is paid for under chapter 41 of title 5 during duty hours while receiving an allowance from the Department of Veterans Affairs for college instruction in business administration after hours during the same academic term. The IT Security course, however, be a part of the same program of study for which the employee is receiving veterans’ educational assistance. | 38 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.; 3681(a) | |
As a general rule, employees may not receive overtime, holiday, or night differential pay for time spent in training (5 U.S.C. 4109(a)(1)). The prohibition on overtime pay is not applicable to training treated as hours of work under Office of Personnel Management regulations implementing the , as amended. For employees covered by FLSA (i.e., FLSA non-exempt), time spent in training or preparing for training outside regular working hours is considered hours of work (See also 5 CFR 410.402(d), 5 CFR 551.423(a)(2) and 29 CFR 785.27 through 785.32.) if: Entitlement to compensatory time off depends on entitlement to overtime pay. Sections of title 5 of the CFR prohibit overtime pay and compensatory time off for employees attending training, with a few exceptions (See 5 CFR 550.114, 5 CFR 551.423, Comptroller General Decision B-141321, and Comptroller General Decision B-249835). Whether an employee is eligible for overtime pay for time spent in travel to and from training is determined by law and regulations concerning hours of work, and depends on whether an employee is covered by the FLSA. For employees not covered by the FLSA (i.e., FLSA exempt), the crediting of travel time as hours of work is governed by title 5 rules--in particular, 5 U.S.C. 5542(b)(2) and 5544(a)(3) and 5 CFR 550.112(g) and (j). Official travel away from an employee's official duty station is hours of work for training purposes if the travel is within the days and hours of the employee's regularly-scheduled administrative workweek, including regularly-scheduled overtime hours (See 5 CFR 550.112 (g) for more information). Official travel away from an employee's official duty station is also hours of work if the travel: For employees who are covered by FLSA (i.e., non-exempt), travel time is credited if it is qualifying hours of work under 5 CFR 551.401(h) and OPM's FLSA regulations (5 CFR 551.422). For further information about overtime pay and travel, see also 29 CFR 785.33 through 785.41 and Comptroller General Decision B-165311. In Comptroller General Decision B-163654 (1971), the phrase "could not be scheduled or controlled administratively" was determined to refer to "the ability of an executive agency…to control the event that necessitates an employee’s travel. The control is assumed to be the agency’s when the agency has sole control, or the control is achieved through a group of agencies acting in concert such as: When an outside institution contracts with the Government to conduct a training course, the event is under the administrative control of the Government. In Comptroller General Decision B-190494, an employee was denied overtime pay for travel on Sunday to attend such a training event. | 5 U.S.C. 4109; 5 U.S.C. 5542(b)(2) and 5544(a)(3) | 5 CFR 410.402; 550.112; 550.114; 551.401; 551.422; 551.423; 29 CFR 785.27 through 785.41; Comptroller General Decisions B-141321; B-249835; B-165311; B-163654; B-190494 |
Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, codified in 29 U.S.C. 794d, requires that, unless it would result in an undue burden for an agency, an agency must ensure that its electronic and information technology allows individuals with disabilities to have access to and use of information and data that is comparable to the access to and use of information and data by individuals without disabilities. As specified in 5 CFR 410.302(a)(1), agencies must ensure that the selection and assignment of employees to training is made without regard to disability. Agencies are also prohibited from using a training facility that discriminates in the admission or treatment of students (5 CFR 410.302(a)(3)). The head of each agency must develop procedures to ensure training facilities and curriculum are accessible to employees with disabilities (5 CFR 410.302(a)(2), and ). To ensure that the training facilities and curriculum are accessible for employees with disabilities, agencies must provide reasonable accommodations, as appropriate unless doing so would constitute undue hardship (See EEOC Enforcement Guidance: Reasonable Accommodation, Reasonable Accommodation Related to the Benefits and Privileges of Employment). The law allows agencies to pay for individuals to accompany or aid employees with disabilities traveling on official Government business, including to and from workshops, training classes, and conferences (See 41 CFR 301.13.3(g)). Following the National Defense Authorization Act of October 2000, Congress granted CAP the authority to provide assistive technology, devices and support services free of charge to Federal agencies that have a partnership agreement with CAP. To learn more about CAP, go to . The Job Accommodation Network (JAN): JAN is one of several services provided by the U.S. Department of Labor's Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP). JAN provides free, expert, and confidential guidance on workplace accommodations and disability employment issues. To learn more about JAN, visit . | 29 U.S.C. 794(a) and 794d | 5 CFR 410.302; 41 CFR 301-13.3(g); Executive Order 13164; EEOC Enforcement Guidance: Reasonable Accommodation, Reasonable Accommodation Related to the Benefits and Privileges of Employment |
and 5 CFR 410.202 require agencies to evaluate their training programs on a regular basis and ensure alignment with strategic goals. Training evaluation is an objective summary of data gathered about the effectiveness of the training. The primary purpose of evaluation data is to inform decisions. Training evaluation data helps the organization determine whether the training is accomplishing its goals. They also help agencies decide how to adjust their training approaches for greater effectiveness. For more information on evaluating agency training programs please consult OPM’s on OPM’s website and . | 5 U.S.C. 4103(c ) | 5 CFR 410.202; 250.203 |
). Each SES member is required to prepare, implement, and regularly update an executive development plan (EDP) (5 CFR 412.401). OPM has developed a . | 5 U.S.C. 3396; 3133(d); 3373(a)(2); 3375; 4115 | Executive Order 13714 |
. EDPs must be reviewed and revised appropriately by the agency’s ERB or similar body designated by the agency to oversee executive development, using input from the SES’s performance evaluation. EDPs will: | 5 CFR 412.401 | |
Agencies need onboarding solutions/programs that address three types of new SES: Onboarding of key executives is even more critical than it is for other employees because of the significantly greater performance expectations leaders face and the greater impact they have on the overall performance of the organization. | Executive Order 13714 | |
Examples of rotations include the following: Opportunities for rotation should be linked to individual Executive Development Plans (EDP) and the agency's overarching annual talent management and succession planning process. | Executive Order 13714; 5 CFR 317.901; 5 CFR 412.401 OPM’s |
SUBJECT | LAW | REGULATION/OTHER |
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The FWFA requires each agency, in consultation with OPM, to establish a comprehensive succession management program to provide training to develop managers for the agency (5 U.S.C. 4121(1)). FWFA (5 U.S.C. 4121(2)) also requires each agency to establish a program to provide training to managers on actions, options, and strategies a manager may use in – FWFA (5 U.S.C. 4103(c)) requires agencies on a regular basis to provide training to accomplish performance plans and strategic goals. Agencies on a regular basis shall – The other provisions of FWFA were codified in 5 U.S.C. 5753, 5754, and 5550b. | Pub. L. 108-411 |
SUBJECT | LAW | REGULATION/OTHER |
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Paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of section 2 of GETA, Pub. L. 85-507, are included in GETA, but not codified in chapter 41 of title 5, United States Code. These paragraphs serve as background information rather than mandating action. These paragraphs are extremely important, however, to an understanding of the law's intent. They read as follows: n order to promote efficiency and economy in the operation of the Government and provide means for the development of maximum proficiency in the performance of official duties by employees thereof, to establish and maintain the highest standards of performance in the transaction of the public business, and to install and utilize effectively the best modern practices and techniques which have been developed, tested, and proved within or outside of the Government, it is necessary and desirable in the public interest that self-education, self-improvement, and self-training be supplemented and extended by Government-sponsored programs for the training of such employees in the performance of official duties and for the development of skills, knowledge, and abilities which will best qualify them for performance of official duties. uch programs are to be continuous in nature, shall be subject to supervision and control by the President and review by Congress, and shall be so established as to be readily expansible in time of national emergency; uch programs shall be designed to lead to (A) improved public service, (B) dollar savings, (C) the building and retention of a permanent cadre of skilled and efficient Government employees well abreast of scientific, professional, technical, and management developments both in and out of Government, (D) lower turnover of personnel, (E) reasonably uniform administration of training, consistent with the missions of the Government departments and agencies, and (F) fair and equitable treatment of Government employees with respect to training.”GETA was amended by the Federal Workforce Restructuring Act of 1994, Pub. L. 103-226, to permit agencies to take advantage of the existing training marketplace, which could include training from Government or non-Government entities. | Pub. L. 85-507 |
SUBJECT | LAW | REGULATION/OTHER |
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Executive Order 13111 | ||
When an agency hosts a training course for other agencies, the host agency needs to ensure the training facility and curriculum are accessible to employees with disabilities (5 CFR 410.302(a)(2)). Section 1535 of title 31 U.S. Code (Economy Act) authorizes the inter- and intra-departmental furnishing of goods and services on a reimbursable basis, and 31 U.S.C. 1536 authorizes the crediting of such reimbursements to the appropriation charged for goods and services. Agencies may provide interagency training on a reimbursable or non-reimbursable basis (5 U.S.C. 4104). Agencies should extend training programs to other agencies whenever this will result in better training, improved service, or savings to the Government (E.O. 11348, Section 302(d)). For more information on paying for training, please go to the section in this Index. | 5 U.S.C. 4102; 4104; 4118; 31 U.S.C. 1535 and 1536 | 5 CFR 410.305; 410.302; Executive Order 11348 |
SUBJECT | LAW | REGULATION/OTHER |
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candidates for leadership positions (5 U.S.C. 4121(1) and 5 CFR 412.202). Employee leadership development programs are a fundamental tool for a robust leadership succession management plan. As a result of effective succession planning, an agency’s employee training and development program can ensure an adequate number of educated/qualified candidates for leadership positions within the organization. Agencies may identify specific competencies from the and apply them to all leadership development programs starting with pre-supervisory training and extending through executive development. OPM encourages agencies to develop leadership development programs that meet the needs of the organization and the aspirations of individual employees. Many agencies have already established leadership development programs. A catalogue of Federal leadership development programs can be found on OPM’s website under “ .” It is a searchable catalogue of leadership development programs throughout the Federal Government. Programs are listed in this catalogue by agency. | 5 U.S.C. 3396; 3393(c )(2)(B); 4121(1) | 5 CFR 412.202 |
SUBJECT | LAW | REGULATION/OTHER |
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Agencies may pay for membership fees that are a necessary cost directly related to the training itself, or if payment of the fee is a condition of participating in the training (5 U.S.C. 4109(b)). Agencies may become a member of a professional organization when the purpose of the membership is to obtain direct benefits for the Federal Government necessary to accomplish the functions or activities (e.g., accomplish projects or tasks to meet the mission of the agency) (Comptroller General Decisions B-177596 and B-302548). 5 U.S.C. 5946 does not prohibit agencies from paying for membership fees in the agency’s name. | 5 U.S.C. 4109, 4110 and 5946 | Comptroller General Decisions B-177596 and B-302548 |
5 U.S.C. 4121(2)(B) | 5 CFR 410.203; 412.202(b)(1) |
SUBJECT | LAW | REGULATION/OTHER |
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Agencies may include completion of new supervisory training as part of these requirements. For example, an agency requires a new supervisor to complete a probationary period of one year from the date of his or her initial appointment. For the new supervisor to complete the probationary period successfully, the agency lists a number of requirements, including completing the agency’s new supervisory training program within the probationary period. If the new supervisor does not complete the training program, the new supervisor would not meet the requirements to complete the probationary period satisfactorily even if the new supervisor meets the remaining requirements. | 5 CFR 315.904(a); 315.905; 315.907(a) |
SUBJECT | LAW | REGULATION/OTHER |
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Under 5 U.S.C. 4109(a)(2) and 5 CFR 410.401, agencies may pay for all or part of the training expenses for students hired under the Internship Program 5 CFR 213.3402(a)) or the Recent Graduates Program; 5 CFR 213.3402 (b). Agencies may pay for all or part of the following expenses, if they are directly related to the student's official duties: Recent Graduates Program Training is an essential requirement for Recent Graduates (5 CFR.362.301). An agency must identify in its Memorandum of Understanding with OPM the duration of its Recent Graduate Program, including any criteria used to determine the need for a longer and more structured training program that exceeds 1 year (5 CFR 362.301(a)). An agency must ensure, within 90 days of appointment, that each Recent Graduate is assigned a mentor who is an employee outside of the Recent Graduate’s chain of command (5 CFR 362.301(b)). Within 45 days of appointment, an agency must ensure that each Recent Graduate has an Individual Development Plan (IDP) that is approved by his or her supervisor (5 CFR 362.301(c)). An agency must also provide at least 40 hours of formal interactive training per year that advances the goals and competencies outlined in each Recent Graduate’s IDP. Mandatory annual training, such as information security and ethics training, does not count towards the 40-hour requirement (5 CFR 362.301 (d)). For more information on the Pathways Program, please visit the . For information on the Presidential Management Fellows Program, please visit | 5 U.S.C. 4107; 4109(a) (2) | Executive Order 13562; 5 CFR part 362; 5 CFR 410.401; 213.3402 |
5. U.S.C. 4110 | Comptroller General Decision B-171321 | |
The decision also determined that there is no specific limitation on the amount per meal and snack that an agency may incur for training. For example, if an agency provides training and includes meals and snacks along with the training, agencies would not need to limit the amount they may pay for meals and snacks other than the application of sound management to avoid unnecessary expense. | 5 U.S.C. 4109 | Comptroller General Decision B-244473 |
5 U.S.C. 4110 | Comptroller General Decision B-230576 and B-270199 | |
5 U.S.C. 4109 | Comptroller General Decision B-224995 | |
5 U.S.C. 4109 | Comptroller General Decision B-165235 | |
Agency heads have the authority and flexibility to pay for credentials, including certifications that relate to the mission, goals and objectives of the agency. For more information, please see Certification and Certificate Programs. Although this is a broad authority, agencies should remain cognizant of the merit system principles and any collective bargaining obligations. In addition, agencies should consider the strategic purpose of the organization in determining the most cost-effective use of the authority. | 5 U.S.C. 5757 | Certification and Certificate Fact Sheet |
Agencies may use their appropriated funds for expenses for employees to obtain professional credentials, including expenses for professional accreditation, State-imposed and professional licenses, and professional certification; and examinations to obtain such credentials (5 U.S.C. 5757). Agencies may pay for the transportation of dependents and household effects incident to an employee’s receiving training at a particular location rather than paying per diem (Comptroller General Decision B-146083). However, the amount paid may not exceed the total per diem allowance payments the employee otherwise could have received while undergoing such training at the location had the employee not elected to accept the allowance for transportation of his or her immediate family and household effects. | 5 U.S.C. 4109; 4110; 5757; 5724; 5946 | 5 CFR 410.401; 410.403; 410.404; Comptroller General Decision B-146083 |
The training also must be a bona fide need for the next fiscal year. For more information on the bona fide needs rule, go to | Comptroller General Decisions B-233243, B-213141-O.M. and B-321296 | |
Payment of the registration fees does not violate the general prohibition against interagency financing of boards or commissions. | Comptroller General Decision B-245330 | |
5 U.S.C. 4121(2) | 5 CFR 412.201; 412.202 | |
5 U.S.C. 4105 | Comptroller General Decision B-204579 | |
The order directs OPM to plan and promote the development, improvement, coordination, and evaluation of training in accordance with chapter 41 of title 5, United States Code, and with the policy set forth in section 102 of the order. The order directs OPM to: | Executive Order 11348 |
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5 U.S.C. 4115 | 5 CFR 410.601 |
SUBJECT | LAW | REGULATION/OTHER |
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Agency heads may grant sabbaticals for up to 11 months to SES career appointees for full-time study or uncompensated work experience which will contribute to their development and effectiveness (5 U.S.C. 3396(c); 5 CFR 412.401(b)). Sabbaticals can broaden professional skills and provide an opportunity for personal growth. Sabbatical activities can include— Career appointees must have completed 7 years of service in SES positions or equivalent civil service positions (i.e., classified above GS-15 and having responsibilities consistent with SES functions described in 5 U.S.C. 3132(a)(2)), and at least 2 of the 7 years specifically must have been in the SES. The appointee cannot be eligible for voluntary (optional) retirement at the time the sabbatical begins. A sabbatical may not be granted to the same individual more than once in a 10-year period. Agencies must assure that sabbaticals do not violate conflict-of-interest regulations. A sabbatical is a prolonged period of time away from work with all the benefits and is not a part-time activity. An agency’s designated ethics official should advise on procedures appropriate to the agency’s needs. The SES member must sign an agreement to continue in the civil service for a period of 2 consecutive years following the sabbatical. The agency head may waive this requirement for “good and sufficient reasons” (e.g., disability retirement, reduction in force, or other involuntary separation). While on sabbatical, the executive— Agencies should monitor their sabbatical programs, including the nature of participants’ activities during their sabbaticals, to determine if developmental objectives have been met. Records documenting the decision process in granting a sabbatical must be maintained for 2 years from the date the sabbatical is approved by the agency. | 5 U.S.C. 3396(c); 3132(a)(2) | 5 CFR 412.401(b) |
The provisions of 5 CFR part 410 that regulate the selection and assignment of employees to training generally also provide further instruction on more specific situations. Individuals on an Intergovernmental Personnel Act (IPA) mobility assignment may be assigned to training if that training is in the interest of the Government (5 CFR 410.306(b)). State and local government employees given an appointment (For more information regarding IPA appointments, see 5 U.S.C. 3374(b)) in a Federal agency are deemed employees of the agency, and agencies may provide training as they do for other agency employees (5 CFR 410.306(b)(1)). State or local government employees on detail (For more information regarding IPA details, see 5 U.S.C. 3374(c)) to a Federal agency are not deemed Federal employees, but may be admitted to training programs the agency has established for Federal personnel and may be trained in rules, procedures and/or systems pertaining to the Federal Government (5 CFR 410.306(b)(2)). Finally, agencies may pay all or part of the training expenses of students hired under the Pathways Internship Program (5 CFR 213.3402) appointments subject to the prohibitions on academic degree training (5 CFR 410.306(c)). | 5 U.S.C. 4103(a)(3); 2301(b)(1) and (2) and 3374 (b) and(c) | 5 CFR 213.3402; 5 CFR part 335; 5 CFR 410.302(a)(1) and (f); 410.306; 410.307 (b)-(d); 410.308(a) |
Graduates of an OPM-approved SESCDP who are selected through civil service-wide competition and are certified by OPM’s Qualifications Review Board (QRB) may receive an initial career SES appointment without further competition. Agencies must have a written policy describing their program. Requirements for agency candidate development programs are in 5 CFR part 412. Revised 5 CFR 412 requires all agencies to submit their program’s written policy to OPM for approval before announcing subsequent programs. For further information on SES CDPs, please visit the . | 5 CFR 412.301; 412.302 | |
is the Governmentwide training form used to request, approve, and certify completion of training courses, conferences, seminars, symposia and academic courses. The SF-182 is approved by GSA for mandatory Governmentwide use (For more information on Standard Forms, see General Services Administration’s Standard and Optional Forms Procedural Handbook ). Its primary purpose is to document and track employee training, especially training paid with agency funds. Beginning December 31, 2006, each agency shall report the training data for its employees’ training and development at such times and in such form as required for the OPM Governmentwide Electronic Data Collection System, which is explained in the (5 CFR 410.601). The SF-182 is the form (either manually or electronically) to request, approve, and certify completion of training. However, agencies may request an exception to this requirement from OPM (see Exceptions to the SF-182). In addition, OPM has the authority to collect information on agency training programs, plans and methods used inside and outside of Government (5 U.S.C. 4115). To facilitate the collection of data, the SF-182 contains the mandatory data elements agencies must report to OPM. OPM recommends agencies complete all sections of the SF-182 except numbers 4, 5 and 6 in Section C. OPM further advises that Personally Identifiable Information (PII) (i.e., Social Security number and birth date), is optional on the form but is necessary when electronically submitting training data to OPM’s Electronic HR Integration (EHRI) database (see 5 U.S.C. 4115 and the Privacy Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-579), Sec. 7(b)). The PII allows the training record to be matched to the employee’s record in the EHRI database. For more information on the mandatory data elements and collecting training information, refer to the or go to the section of this Index.
Agencies may request an exception to using the SF-182 form when they can demonstrate that the difference in the content, format or printing specifications of the equivalent form is cost-effective or in support of a mission-related initiative (Exception to the Standard Form 182 memo). To learn more about how agencies can request an exception to the SF-182 form, please email | 5 U.S.C. 4115; Pub. L. 93-579, section 7(b) | 5 CFR 410.601; Guide to Personnel Recordkeeping; Guide to Human Resources Reporting; the Guide for Collection and Management of Training Information |
5 U.S.C. 1103 (c); 4121 | 5 CFR 412.201; 410.202; 250.204(5). | |
Agencies must also issue written policies to ensure they provide training when employees make critical career transitions, for instance, from non-supervisory position to manager or from manager to executive. This training should be consistent with assessment of the agency’s and the employee’s needs. Agencies are encouraged to go beyond the regulatory training requirements for new supervisors described earlier in this section. OPM developed a that outlines mandatory and recommended training for aspiring leaders, and current and newly appointed supervisors and managers. | 5 CFR 412.202; Federal Supervisory and Managerial Frameworks and Guidance |
SUBJECT | LAW | REGULATION/OTHER |
---|---|---|
delegated to the Office of Personnel Management the authority to designate individuals appointed by the President for training under chapter 41 of title 5. OPM delegates to the head of each agency authority to authorize training for officials appointed by the President (5 CFR 410.302(b)(1)). Training for heads of agencies will continue to be submitted to the U.S. Office of Personnel Management for review since self-review would constitute a conflict of interest (5 CFR 410.302(c)). If the head of an agency authorizes training for a Presidential appointee, he or she must maintain records that include (5 CFR 410.302(b)(2)): In exercising this authority, the head of the agency must ensure that the training is in compliance with chapter 41 of title 5. This authority may not be delegated to a subordinate (5 CFR 410.302(b)(1)). | Executive Order 11895; 5 CFR 410.302(b) and (c) | |
5 U.S.C. 4103 | 5 CFR 410.307(b); 5 CFR part 335 | |
See, for example, section 635 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act of 1999 (Pub. L. 105-277). In addition, Section 9 of the (Pub. L. 104-146) prohibits mandatory AIDS or HIV training for Federal employees, except for training necessary to protect the health and safety of the employee and the individuals served by the employee. For further information on training restrictions, click on . | Section 635, Pub. L.105-277; Section 9, Pub. L. 104-146 | Guidance on Training Restrictions in Public Law 105-277 |
For the purpose of Chapter 41, “agency” is defined as: 5 U.S.C. 4101(1). As specified in 5 U.S.C. 4102, chapter 41 does not apply to: For the purpose of Chapter 41, “employee” is defined as: 5 U.S.C. 4101(2) As specified in 5 U.S.C. 4102, employees not covered under chapter 41 are: Chapter 41 (5 U.S.C. 4103-4112 and 4121) delegates the responsibility of training and development to heads of agencies. These responsibilities include: | 5 U.S.C. chapter 41 | |
5 U.S.C. 4103 | 5 CFR 410.201-203; Executive Order 11348, section 303(a)-(b) | |
The Secretary of State is authorized to provide for special professional foreign affairs training and instruction of employees of foreign governments through the Foreign Service Institute (22 U.S.C. 4021(d)(1)). Training and instruction shall be on a reimbursable or advance-of-funds basis. Such reimbursements or advances to the Department of State may be provided by an agency of the United States Government or by a foreign government and shall be credited to the currently available applicable appropriation account (22 U.S.C. 4021(d)(2)). | 22 U.S.C. 2357(a); 22 U.S.C. 4021(d) | |
However, a limited number of private citizens may be admitted to Government training under the following conditions set forth in Comptroller General Decision B-151540: Money received from outside the Federal Government for Federal Government services must be deposited into the Treasury as soon as practicable (31 U.S.C. 3302(b)). | 31 U.S.C. 3302 (b) | Comptroller General Decision B-151540 |
Payments received for training employees of State and local governments are credited to the appropriation or fund used to pay the training costs. A State or local government employee who receives an appointment in a Federal agency under 5 U.S.C. 3374(b) is considered an employee of that agency (5 CFR 410.306(b)(1)). If State or local government employees are detailed to a Federal agency under 5 U.S.C. 3374(c), these individuals are not considered employees of that agency under 5 CFR 410.306(b)(2). However, they may participate in agency training programs focusing on Federal personnel. They may also receive training in rules, practices, procedures, and/or systems pertaining to the Federal Government. If they use a Government computer, they must complete agency-sponsored IT Security Awareness training (5 CFR 930.301(a)(1)). | 42 U.S.C. 4742; 5 U.S.C. 3374(b) & (c ) | 5 CFR 410.306(b); 930.301(a)(1) |
5 U.S.C. 3111(b)-(c) | 5 CFR 308.103 | |
(codified 5 U.S.C. 4103(c)), 5 CFR 410.202, and 5 CFR 250.203 require agencies to evaluate their training programs on a regular basis and ensure alignment with strategic goals. Training evaluation is an objective summary of data gathered about the effectiveness of the training. The primary purpose of evaluation data is to inform decisions. Training evaluation data helps the organization determine whether the training is accomplishing its goals. They also help agencies decide how to adjust their training approaches for greater effectiveness. For more information on evaluating agency training programs please consult on OPM’s website and | 5 U.S.C. 4103(c) | 5 CFR 410.202; 250.203 |
5 U.S.C. 552a | 5 CFR part 293; 5 CFR 410.601 | |
Part 410 was revised in 2009 to incorporate the requirements of the Federal Workforce Flexibility Act of 2004 (Pub. L. 108–411). See the December 10, 2009 Federal Register (74 Fed. Reg. 65383). The revised training regulations require each agency to: For more information on the Final Rule for Reporting of Training Data, please refer to May 17, 2006 Federal Register (71 FR 28547; redesignated and amended at 74 FR 65388). Part 412 was revised in 2009 to incorporate requirements in the Federal Workforce Flexibility Act of 2004 (Pub. L. 108–411). See the December 10, 2009 Federal Register (74 Fed. Reg. 65383). These changes require agencies to consult with OPM to establish a comprehensive management succession program, based on the agency’s work force succession plans, to fill agency supervisory and managerial positions (5 CFR 412.201). It also requires agencies to issue written policies to ensure they provide training within one year of an employee’s initial appointment to a supervisory position and follow up periodically, but at least once every three years, by providing each supervisor and manager additional training on the use of appropriate options and strategies to (5 CFR 412.202 (b)): Agencies must also provide training when individuals make critical career transitions (5 CFR 412.202(c)). In the 2009 revision of part 412 (5 CFR 412.301, 302, and 401), OPM also made substantial changes to the SES Candidate Development Program requirements and established a requirement for the continuing development of current SES members tied to the performance process through an Executive Development Plan (EDP) (5 CFR 412.301 and 412.401(a)). All agencies are required to establish a program for the continuing development of their senior executives (5 CFR 412.401(a)). All executives are to have an EDP, have it reviewed by the agency Executive Resources Board annually, and update it regularly (5 CFR 412.401(a)(4)). The revised part 412 also provides for the developmental use of sabbaticals and long-term assignments outside the Federal sector, consistent with relevant provisions of law (5 CFR 412.401(b)). The final rule for parts 410 and 412 was published on December 10th, 2009. Here is a link to the . | 5 CFR part 410; part 412 | |
Agencies must follow the requirements outlined in , for employees who travel to attend training. The Federal Travel Regulation implements the statutory requirements and executive branch policies for those who travel at the Government’s expense. Agencies may authorize and pay or reimburse for use of privately-owned vehicles to travel to and from training (5 U.S.C. 4109 and 5 U.S.C. 5704). Employees who are engaged in official Government business, are entitled to a rate per mile established by the General Services Administration (GSA) for the use of a privately-owned vehicle. The mileage rates are on the GSA website. For more information on mileage rates, go to . Agencies may pay or reimburse an employee for all or part of his or her per diem expenses for travel to attend training (5 U.S.C. 4109 and 5 U.S.C. 5702). GSA establishes per diem rates for destinations within the lower 48 contiguous United States. The U.S. Department of Defense Travel Management Office sets rates for locations in Alaska, Hawaii and the U.S. territories and the U.S. Department of State sets rates for foreign travel locations. Rates are set by fiscal year. Agencies should visit Per Diem websites: – for rates inside the Continental United States – for foreign travel rates – for rates outside the Continental United States (e.g., Alaska, Hawaii, Guam)As specified in 5 CFR 410.403(b), agencies may pay a reduced per diem rate, such as a standardized payment less than the maximum per diem rate for a geographic location. If a reduced or standardized per diem rate is not authorized in advance of the travel, and the fees paid to a training institution include lodging or meal costs, the agency must make an appropriate deduction from the total per diem rate payable on the travel voucher. See 41 CFR 301-11 Temporary Duty (TDY) Travel Allowances, Per Diem Expenses. | 5 U.S.C. 4109(a); 5702; 5704 | 5 CFR 410.403(b); 41 CFR chapters 300-304 |
Tuition assistance programs, including individual courses, are NOT considered part of an agency’s academic degree program. Within a tuition assistance program, agencies pay for individual courses/classes. Employees are not required to undergo a competitive process like the academic degree program. Supervisors should adhere to the definition of training (5 U.S.C 4101(4)) when choosing which classes/courses to pay for. As an example, an employee is working as a financial analyst and would like to enhance his skills and knowledge. He is also pursuing a Master of Business Administration (MBA). He enrolls in two finance courses at a university to enhance his job-related knowledge and skills. The finance courses would also count towards his MBA degree. The agency may pay the employee’s finance courses from the agency’s training funds — it would be considered part of a tuition assistance reimbursement program and not part of the agency’s academic degree program. | 5 U.S.C. 4109(a)(2)(A-F); 5 U.S.C. 4101(4) |
An agreement an employee makes to continue to work for the Government for a pre-established length of time in exchange for Government sponsored training or education.
An employee selected for training for more than a minimum period prescribed by the head of the agency shall agree in writing with the Government before assignment to training that he will—
A detailed guide of developmental experiences to help SES members, through participation in short-term and longer-term experiences, meet organizational needs for leadership, managerial improvement, and organizational results.
SES members are required to prepare, implement, and regularly update an EDP as specified by 5 CFR 412.401
Training that supports agency goals by improving organizational performance at any appropriate level in the agency, as determined by the head of the agency. This includes training that:
A continued service agreement (CSA) is an agreement an employee makes to continue to work for the Government for a pre-established length of time in exchange for Government sponsored training or education. The service obligation begins when the training is completed. If the employee voluntarily leaves Government service before completing the service obligation, he or she must repay the Government all or some of the costs of the training (excluding salary).
Agencies may require service agreements for training of long duration or of high cost. With this authority, agencies protect their investment and secure a period of service from an employee once the employee completes the training.
Each agency head determines the conditions for requiring employees to agree to continue in service after completing training. The law states that an agency can require an employee who participates in training to continue to work in the Federal Government for at least three times the length of the training period. The agency must develop its own policy for the use of the Continued Service Agreement (CSA). For those situations where an employee is required to sign a CSA, they must do so in writing before assignment to training. Title 5 USC §4108(a)(1) . If the employee leaves the Government before the agreed-upon amount of service, the agency has the right to require repayment for the amount of time not served. Id. at (b) and (c) .
The head of an agency may waive in whole or in part the agency's right of recovery if it is shown that the recovery would be against equity and good conscience or against the public interest. Id. at (c) . For example, if an employee who is under a continued service agreement decides to voluntarily leave Federal service due to an impending reduction-in-force, the agency may determine that waiving its right to recovery would be in the public interest and release the employee from the agreement.
For your reference, the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM) has also developed a Fact Sheet on Continuing Service Agreements . In addition, many agencies have created and implemented their own CSA policies:
An Individual Learning Account (ILA) is a learning tool that provides a flexible and innovative approach to developing Federal employees. Similar to a bank account that pays for training and development, an ILA is an account managed by employees to provide a vehicle for funding continuous learning. ILAs also present a flexible and innovative approach for employees to take control of their own learning and career development. By using ILAs, agencies shift their focus from a one-time learning event to continuous learning, from required training to strategic workforce development, and incorporate resources for training while balancing work and learning time. In addition, the employee can choose what they want to learn, how they want to learn and have the opportunity to gain the skills they need. ILAs are also meant to encourage more employees to invest (financially) in their own future, by contributing to their own accounts along with the contributions provided by the agency.
In January 1999, President Clinton issued an Executive Order No. 13111, Using Technology to Improve Training Opportunities for Federal Government Employees , creating the Task Force on Federal Training Technology. The task force was required to develop options and recommendations for establishing a Federal Individual Training Account for each Federal employee, to be used for relevant training.
At the recommendation of the task force, ILAs were piloted in the Federal government from March 2000 to September 2000. The overall intent of these programs was to see how individuals use their accounts over time, to have them invest their own money into building up their skills and to manage their own careers. In addition, the pilot programs were intended to demonstrate the feasibility, usefulness and effectiveness of ILAs. At the end, some agencies continued with the ILA program, others incorporated components into existing programs, and some opted to discontinue the program completely.
ILAs can also be used to supplement existing tuition reimbursement programs. Appropriation law requires monies appropriated for a given fiscal year be expended in that fiscal year (31 USC Sec. 1502). Executive Order No. 13111 states: "To the extent permitted by law, ILA accounts may be established with the funds allocated to the agency for employee training. No new funds are required to implement ILAs. The best way to determine if your agency has an ILA program is to inquire at your agency’s Human Resources Office.
Most Federal agencies do not currently use ILA’s as described in the pilot program. However, there are a few agencies that found ILA’s to be useful either by incorporating the ILA concept into established programs whose objectives are similar or they have incorporated some of its properties into another program. ILAs and Lifelong Learning Accounts (LiLAs) offer a practical, sustainable way to pay for ongoing learning. In many cases, this type of program could solve some to the training budget problems within an agency.
Take a look at OPM’s Low-cost Training Options wiki page to see how you can stretch ILA funds while still gaining the desired skills.
Written by: Olujinmi Oluwatoni
Employee training isn't a stroke of luck; it's an investment in the business that should generate significant returns.
To avoid investing resources in training programs with little or no impact, it’s important to identify which teams need training and their exact training needs. Hence, conducting a training needs assessment before initiating any workplace training becomes crucial.
In this guide, we’ll explore what training needs assessment entails and how to conduct an effective assessment. We’ll also provide you with some easily customizable templates that’ll assist you while conducting or reporting your assessment.
What is a training needs assessment, benefits of conducting a training needs assessment, levels of a training needs assessment, training needs assessment process, how to conduct a training needs assessment, training needs assessment templates.
A training needs assessment (TNA) is the process by which organizations determine performance requirements and identify the specific skills, knowledge and abilities their workforce needs to meet these requirements.
It compares existing skills and capabilities with desired results in order to highlight current gaps. For instance, a training needs assessment may reveal that the sales team needs to undergo training to learn how to adapt a new technology into their workflow.
Training needs assessment aims to identify the gap between the current and desired knowledge, skills and abilities in an organization. Ultimately, it contributes to improved performance, employee satisfaction and organizational success.
Performing a training needs assessment is essential for a successful employee training program. Here are some of the benefits of conducting a training needs assessment:
The primary purpose of a training needs assessment is to identify gaps in knowledge, skills and abilities within an organization. This information forms the basis for designing targeted and impactful training programs to bridge the identified knowledge and skill gaps.
A training need assessment ensures that training initiatives align with the actual needs and job requirements of the employees. By providing relevant and tailored training, employees can acquire new skills, refine existing ones, boost confidence and ultimately perform better in their roles.
Training needs assessment focuses on developing specific skills related to current business objectives. It ensures that key areas of training are targeted, allowing for focused and effective training initiatives.
A proper training need assessment should highlight the number of employees that will be involved in the training, the methods to be used and the amount of resources needed. It allows organizations to budget and allocate resources more effectively.
This allows you to save money that would have otherwise been wasted on poorly planned and generic training programs.
Investing in targeted employee development initiatives can contribute to higher employee retention rates, as employees often feel more committed to an organization that invests in their growth.
A training needs assessment provides a basis for measuring the effectiveness of training programs by establishing clear objectives and benchmarks.
When you’re evaluating the training, these objectives and benchmarks can come in handy to determine the ROI of the training programs. These results are useful in helping senior leaders and stakeholders recognize the worth and stay dedicated to training programs.
There are three levels of a training needs assessment: organizational level (macro), occupational level (task) and individual level (personal).
Before conducting a training needs assessment, you should decide whether to combine all three levels into a single analysis or focus on a single level, with less emphasis on the other levels.
At the organizational level, the focus is on identifying the overarching goals, strategies and performance gaps within the entire organization.
This involves analyzing the organization's mission, vision and strategic objectives to determine how training can align with and contribute to the broader goals. It also takes into account demographic and political shifts, technological advancements and changing economic landscapes to identify areas for improvement.
A comprehensive organizational assessment will pinpoint the essential skills and competencies required to support the organization's success.
However, solely concentrating on this macro assessment could lead to training programs that don't align with the employees’ training needs.
The occupational level of training needs assessment zooms in on specific organizational roles and responsibilities. By understanding the specific requirements of each role, organizations can tailor training programs to address the skill gaps at the individual job level.
Occupational assessment allows for more targeted training and can directly impact job performance by addressing role-specific needs. However, it is more time-consuming and may overlook organizational needs and trends.
An individual training needs assessment evaluates training needs from a personal standpoint. It highlights the unique needs and performance gaps of individual employees. These assessments can include performance reviews, self-assessments and feedback from supervisors.
Individual assessment is the most helpful approach for the personal development and growth of employees. It is, however, resource-intensive and can be subject to personal biases.
Here’s a breakdown of the training needs assessment process:
Determine the specific goals of the training need assessment. This can include improving job performance, reducing turnover and retaining talent, budget allocation, technology adoption and lots more.
Conduct surveys, interviews or focus groups with stakeholders, employees and management. You can also review performance records, existing training materials and job descriptions.
Now, let’s take an in-depth look at the different steps involved in carrying out an effective training needs assessment.
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Setting training needs assessment goals helps you document what you want to achieve. It ensures your training program addresses specific skill gaps or performance improvements and aligns with your company's overall goals.
When setting your training needs assessment goals, here are some questions to ask:
Clear objectives also help in evaluating the effectiveness of the training assessment and its impact on employee performance and company goals.
Typically, this first stage involves working together with crucial stakeholders, such as top-level executives, department heads and HR experts, to align your goals with the company's priorities.
Additionally, keep in mind that your goals should follow the SMART criteria : specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound (S.M.A.R.T.).
Read this guide to learn more about creating SMART training goals.
Next, you will have to select your data collection methods. There are many data collection tools to choose from, such as:
The type of data to be collected will depend on the level of TNA (organization, team or individual) and the objectives of the training initiative.
However, it is better to use a combination of data collection methods in order to obtain a helpful mix of quantitative and qualitative data.
To facilitate data collection, Visme’s Form Builder makes it a breeze to design interactive and engaging survey and feedback forms.
Here’s a survey template you can customize right away:
The next step is to review and analyze the collected data to identify the gaps in knowledge, skills and abilities within the organization.
Perform a quantitative analysis to pinpoint recurring themes and patterns. Additionally, utilize qualitative analysis to uncover recurring patterns and gain deeper insights into perceptions and experiences that can't be quantified.
You can employ statistical tools like Excel, SPSS, MATLAB and lots more to conduct a comprehensive analysis.
Your assessment might reveal a wide range of training needs or gaps. However, you should focus on crucial or immediate training needs that align with the organization's goals and strategies.
Next, delve further to understand the root causes behind these gaps. Investigate whether they arise due to inadequate resources, ineffective training initiatives or other organizational factors.
It is important to keep in mind that there are certain issues that cannot be resolved with training alone and are better addressed by general workplace improvements such as setting better expectations and promoting better working conditions.
The main focus at this stage is to identify performance issues that are caused by skills and knowledge gaps. These are the issues that are best addressed via training.
After identifying training gaps, the next step is to develop a suitable action plan to close the gaps.
The action plan should include training content, instructional design, needed trainers, facilities, timelines and other essential training elements.
Creating a training plan is crucial for effectively structuring this phase.
A comprehensive employee training plan outlines the activities of a training program designed for a specific role, team or company. It includes essential components such as training objectives, methods, learning materials, checklists, timelines, budgeting, as well as evaluation and testing criteria.
Here’s a training plan template that can assist you in creating yours:
After conducting the training needs assessment, it's crucial to share feedback and recommendations with stakeholders to gain their support. You can use Visme's training assessment report templates for a polished report.
Consider these key points when crafting your training assessment report:
Once an action plan is devised and you have the buy-in of stakeholders, it becomes imperative to set the training in motion. At this stage, the training program kicks into gear and employees begin to learn the skills and abilities they need to fill the gap.
For maximum engagement, it's vital for employees to comprehend the reasons behind the training and the benefits they stand to gain.
Your training timeline should also address the modules and the time allocated for them. It is important to consider work schedules, learning styles, complexity and organizational priorities when developing timelines.
The quality of your training resources goes a long way in determining the success of your training. Visme provides a diverse array of easily customizable training material templates to help you create professional training materials.
You can effortlessly craft engaging and professional handouts, training videos , presentations , checklists , manuals and much more with Visme.
If you need additional assistance in crafting a training document, you can utilize Visme’s AI document generator . This feature will help you kickstart your project effectively.
At this stage, it's crucial to choose a learning management system for the training program. Be sure to consider factors such as user-friendliness, scalability, ongoing support, reporting, analytic features and integration with other applications you use.
A perk of utilizing Visme for crafting your training content is the seamless export capability to your company's LMS in SCORM or xAPI formats. You can also download your training materials in multiple formats, like JPG, PNG, PDF, HTML5 and others.
Another great feature you can utilize is Visme's analytics feature , which aids in tracking employee engagement with your training materials. It provides detailed insights such as visit/view counts, time spent and more.
To learn more about how to develop a successful training program, read this comprehensive guide .
You should obtain a comprehensive view of the impact of your training needs assessment so that you can identify areas to improve subsequently.
Here are some ways to measure the effectiveness of the training needs assessment:
Carrying out a training needs assessment shouldn’t be complicated. Visme has a number of customizable training needs assessment templates you can use to get started quickly.
Hear what one of our users has to say about their experience with Visme:
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Now, let’s get to the templates!
This adaptable template serves as a great tool to assess your team members' specific learning needs. Its clean and well-organized brochure layout ensures easy navigation through information. It includes sections for employee details and a detailed competency evaluation table.
Align your training assessment plan with your brand's identity effortlessly. Utilize Visme's brand wizard tool by inputting your website URL to incorporate your logo, fonts and colors seamlessly into your brand kit. Furthermore, this feature provides personalized template recommendations tailored to your brand.
Seeking an efficient worksheet to evaluate your employees' daily or weekly performance? Look no further than this sleek assessment worksheet.
This template includes a table for evaluating skills or knowledge proficiency. You can conveniently edit placeholder content and add more pages as necessary. Elevate engagement by adding interactive elements like pop-ups and hover effects for an immersive experience and to reveal additional information.
This comprehensive training needs assessment report template offers an excellent method to showcase assessment findings to stakeholders. It employs engaging visuals, clear layouts and well-structured content for easy comprehension.
Utilize sections like executive summary, objectives, methodology, results, recommendations and conclusion to create a thorough report.
For collaborative efforts, Visme's collaboration tool allows teams to make contributions in real time, enabling comments and edits during brainstorming sessions on the report.
This corporate training assessment template is another excellent way to present your comprehensive training assessment report professionally and clearly. It combines the soothing tones of blue with the crispness of white, delivering an engaging experience.
The template features sections such as the executive summary, objectives, methodology, results, recommendations and conclusions.
In the result section of the template, maximize Visme's interactive data visualizations, graphs charts and widgets to present your data in a clear format.
Worried about manually inputting data? Easily import data from Excel, Google Sheets/Analytics or Survey Monkey into each table or chart. Simply click on the desired element, connect your data source and effortlessly integrate your figures.
Q. what are the 5 major components of a training needs assessment.
The five major components of a training needs assessment are:
Training needs assessment should start with identifying organizational goals and objectives. This foundational step helps ensure that the training aligns with the broader mission and vision of the organization. It is crucial to start with a good understanding of where the company currently is and where it should be.
It is much easier to pinpoint employees' skills gaps with an understanding of the difference between the current and projected state of affairs.
Conducting training needs assessments comes with a lot of challenges.
Firstly, you have to collect and analyze data from a number of quantitative and qualitative sources. This presents the challenge of having to find and deal with low-quality data.
Also, the training needs assessment process can be time and resource-intensive. Justifying the cost to the stakeholders may be difficult.
Other challenges include time constraints, biases in interpretation and difficulty in prioritizing training needs.
There are several possible challenges that may be encountered in the process of carrying out a training needs assessment. One major challenge is the need to collect and analyze data from different sources.
Your training needs assessment has to answer the following questions:
Training is essential to retaining top talent, improving job performance and productivity and raising rates of job satisfaction. However, conducting a training needs assessment ensures that the benefits of a training program are maximized and resources are put to proper use.
Visme offers a complete toolkit to develop and implement interactive training programs, along with a range of features for design, collaboration and analytics. You can create engaging learning materials like presentations , infographics , job aids, training manuals , worksheets, whiteboards and more.
What’s more? The platform enables your team to create diverse content for HR , sales , marketing, communication, branding, project management and beyond.
Create a Visme account and start developing effective and successful employee training initiatives.
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Employee training is a cornerstone for organizational growth and efficiency. It not only enhances the skills and knowledge of the workforce but also boosts morale and productivity. However, the success of any training program begins with effective communication. This article will explore the essential elements of employee training announcements, provide practical tips, and offer a collection of email templates designed to suit various training scenarios.
Table of Contents
Tips for communicating training announcements, training announcement email templates and examples.
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A well-crafted training announcement should include the following elements:
Subject: Upcoming Training Opportunity for All Employees: Enhance Your Skills!
We’re excited to announce a training session designed to enrich our collective skills and knowledge, aimed at driving our success further. Scheduled for [Date], this session will cover [Key Topics], providing valuable insights and practical applications.
For more details and registration, please visit [Link/Instructions].
Looking forward to your enthusiastic participation!
Best, [Your Name]
Subject: Upcoming Training Opportunity for All Employees: Excel Mastery!
We’re thrilled to announce an upcoming training session designed to elevate our Excel skills to new heights! Scheduled for March 15th, 9:00 AM – 12:00 PM, this session will delve into advanced Excel functions, data analysis techniques, and visualization tools that will empower us to handle our data more effectively.
For more details and to register, please visit our intranet training page by March 10th.
Let’s harness the full power of Excel together!
Best, Jane Doe, HR Manager
Subject: Welcome Aboard: Your First Training Session Awaits!
Dear [Employee Name],
Welcome to [Company Name]! As part of our onboarding process, we’ve arranged a training session on [Date], focusing on [Topics], to help you hit the ground running.
Please find the details attached. For any queries, feel free to reach out.
Warm regards, [Your Name]
Subject: Welcome to the Team: Dive Into Our Culture and Tools!
Welcome to Global Tech Solutions! To kickstart your journey with us, we’ve scheduled an onboarding training session on March 20th, focusing on our company culture, core values, and the tools we use daily. This session will provide you with the insights and resources needed to seamlessly integrate into our team.
Please find the agenda and details attached. Should you have any questions, feel free to reach out to me directly.
Warm regards, John Smith, Onboarding Specialist
Subject: Join Us for an Interactive Training Session on [Date]!
Mark your calendars for an engaging in-person training session on [Date] at [Location]. This session, led by industry expert [Trainer Name], will cover [Topics], offering hands-on experience and interactive learning.
Don’t miss this opportunity to enhance your skills and connect with your colleagues!
Subject: Interactive Workshop Alert: Mastering Project Management!
Circle your calendars for an invigorating in-person workshop on ‘Mastering Project Management’! Join us on April 5th at our downtown office conference hall. Led by industry veteran Sarah Johnson, this session from 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM will cover agile methodologies, effective team collaboration, and time management strategies.
Seize this opportunity to boost your project management skills and connect with fellow team members!
Best, Emily White, Training Coordinator
Subject: Boost Your Skills from Anywhere: Join Our Online Training!
We’re pleased to offer an online training session on [Date], accessible from the comfort of your own space. This session will delve into [Topics], with insights from [Trainer Name].
Please register by [Deadline] to secure your spot. Check your inbox for the access link!
Best wishes, [Your Name]
Subject: Virtual Learning Opportunity: SEO and Content Marketing!
Elevate your digital marketing skills with our upcoming online training on ‘SEO and Content Marketing’, happening on April 12th, 2:00 PM – 5:00 PM. This virtual session, presented by digital marketing guru David Lee, will explore the latest SEO strategies and content creation best practices.
Please ensure your registration by April 7th. The access link will be sent out two days prior to the event.
Best wishes, Mark Brown, Marketing Director
Subject: Invitation to Participate: [Training Topic] Training Session
We cordially invite you to attend the upcoming training session on [Topic], scheduled for [Date]. This session is a vital component of our commitment to professional development and continuous improvement.
Please confirm your attendance by [RSVP Date].
Sincerely, [Your Name]
Subject: Formal Invitation: Leadership Development Program
Dear Ms. Thompson,
We are pleased to extend this formal invitation for you to attend our Leadership Development Program, scheduled for May 10th-12th. This intensive three-day workshop is designed to refine leadership skills, enhance decision-making capabilities, and foster strategic thinking.
Your RSVP by April 25th would be greatly appreciated.
Sincerely, Laura Green, Chief Human Resources Officer
Subject: Hey Team, Let’s Learn Together! 🌟
Get ready for a fun and insightful session on [Topic] this [Date]! It’s going to be interactive, full of real-life examples, and maybe a few laughs along the way. 😉
Drop a message if you’re in. Can’t wait to see you there!
Cheers, [Your Name]
Subject: Let’s Get Creative with Graphic Design! 🎨
Ready to get those creative juices flowing? Join our graphic design crash course on March 29th! It’s going to be a laid-back, fun-filled afternoon with lots of visuals, hands-on activities, and yes, some cool swag. 🕺
Hit me up if you’re interested. Let’s make some art!
Cheers, Tom, Creative Lead
Subject: Essential Data Protection Training for All Employees
In today’s digital age, safeguarding our data is more important than ever. Join us on [Date] for a crucial training session on data protection best practices, led by data security expert [Trainer Name].
Your participation is key to our collective cybersecurity efforts.
Subject: Important: Data Protection and Privacy Training
In our ongoing effort to safeguard sensitive information, we’re hosting a Data Protection and Privacy training session on April 20th, 10:00 AM – 1:00 PM. This critical training, led by cybersecurity expert Lisa Chang, will cover the latest in data protection laws, encryption techniques, and best practices for handling confidential information.
Your attendance is vital to our collective cybersecurity efforts.
Best, Derek, IT Security Manager
Subject: Embrace Diversity: Join Our Inclusion Training
We’re committed to fostering an inclusive workplace. Participate in our Diversity and Inclusion training on [Date], and let’s take meaningful steps together towards understanding and celebrating our differences.
Looking forward to a richer, more inclusive [Company Name].
Subject: Join Our Journey: Diversity and Inclusion Workshop
We believe in the strength of our diversity. Join us for a transformative Diversity and Inclusion workshop on May 5th, where we’ll explore the value of diverse perspectives, inclusive communication, and how we can all contribute to a more welcoming workplace.
This is more than training; it’s a step towards understanding and respect.
Warm regards, Samantha, Diversity Officer
Subject: Master Our Products: Exclusive Training Session for [Team/Department]
Dear [Team/Department],
Elevate your product knowledge with our upcoming training on [Date], focused on [Product/Service]. This session will equip you with insights and techniques to better serve our customers and achieve our goals.
Secure your spot by [Deadline]!
Subject: Get to Know Our Newest Software: Exclusive Product Training!
Dear Sales Team,
Gear up for an exclusive training session on our latest software solution, happening on April 15th. This in-depth session will provide you with all the knowledge and tactics needed to confidently present and sell our new product.
Please confirm your participation by April 10th. Let’s make this launch a success!
Best, Rachel, Product Manager
Subject: Advance Your Career: Specialized Training for [Role/Department]
Dear [Role/Department] Team,
Enhance your expertise with our role-focused training on [Date], tailored to the unique needs and challenges of your position. This session, led by [Trainer Name], is an opportunity to advance your skills and contribute more effectively to our shared success.
Please RSVP by [Deadline].
Best regards, [Your Name]
Subject: Specialized Training Alert for Customer Service Reps!
Dear Customer Service Team,
Elevate your service game with our specialized training tailored just for you! Join us on March 22nd for a session focused on advanced communication skills, handling difficult situations, and leveraging customer feedback to improve our services.
RSVP by March 17th to secure your spot in this career-advancing opportunity.
Best regards, Kevin, Customer Service Director
Subject: Mandatory Harassment Prevention Training: Participation Required
As part of our commitment to a safe and respectful workplace, all employees are required to complete harassment prevention training by [Deadline]. This essential session will take place on [Date], covering critical policies and prevention strategies.
Your attendance is not only mandatory but crucial to fostering a positive work environment.
Thank you for your cooperation and commitment to our shared values.
Subject: Reminder: Mandatory Harassment Prevention Training
This is a reminder of the mandatory Harassment Prevention training scheduled for April 30th. As part of our dedication to maintaining a respectful and safe work environment, it’s crucial that all employees participate in this session, which will cover our policies, prevention strategies, and how to address harassment.
Your attendance is mandatory and essential to our commitment to a harassment-free workplace.
Thank you for your cooperation and dedication to our workplace values.
Sincerely, Alexandra, HR Compliance Officer
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Meeting request email template.
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Enhancing reproducibility through rigor and transparency.
Two of the cornerstones of science advancement are rigor in designing and performing scientific research and the ability to reproduce biomedical research findings. Information provided on this webpage provides information about the efforts underway by NIH to enhance rigor and reproducibility in scientific research. It also provides the extramural community assistance in addressing rigor and transparency in NIH grant applications and progress reports.
The NIH strives to exemplify and promote the highest level of scientific integrity, public accountability, and social responsibility in the conduct of science. The application of rigor ensures robust and unbiased experimental design, methodology, analysis, interpretation, and reporting of results. When a result can be reproduced by multiple scientists, it validates the original results and readiness to progress to the next phase of research. This is especially important for clinical trials in humans, which are built on studies that have demonstrated a particular effect or outcome.
Grant applications instructions and the criteria by which reviewers are asked to evaluate the scientific merit of the application are intended to:
Learn more about rigor and reproducibility below.
Explore principles to enhance rigor and further support research that is reproducible, robust, and transparent, developed by journal editors at a workshop representing over 30 basic/preclinical science journals.
Learn how to address rigor and reproducibility in your grant application and discover what reviewers are looking for as they evaluate the application for scientific merit.
Resources for Preparing Your Application Learn how to prepare a rigorous application with select excerpts of rigor from awarded applications, authentication plan examples, and resources like the experimental design assistant (EDA), guidance on sample size calculation, and more.
Resources and training on many aspects of rigor and reproducibility, including sex as a biological variable, research methods, reviewer guidance and more.
NIH has hosted a number of meetings and workshops focused on rigor, reproducibility, and transparency in scientific research. A variety of other events have incorporated these topics as important components as well.
We are continuously working to enhance scientific rigor and transparency in biomedical research. Learn more about the timeline of our efforts.
For NIH Staff
Still have questions? Please send them to [email protected]
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program. in the planning and execution outline of each of the following: of internal and external training We'll provide insights for how to: programs, there are areas where you 9 Program objectives 9 Technology. • Develop a comprehensive training program plan. • Identify goals and objectives. • Assess training needs.
The employee training plan template provides you with the tools that guide your employees in improving their productivity. These days, training plans or training schedule templates differ from the ones in the past. This is because these plans need to adjust to the changing conditions in the world of business.
Training is something that should be planned and developed in advance. Figure 8.6 Training Program Development Model. The considerations for developing a training program are as follows: Needs assessment and learning objectives. This part of the framework development asks you to consider what kind of training is needed in your organization.
Employee training may occur during the first week at a new company or periodically throughout the duration of their employment. Here are 10 examples of training programs to consider: 1. Orientation. Many new employees undergo an orientation process during their first few days at a company to learn critical information about their job position.
Assignment Samples. Literature Review (student sample) (366.38 KB, PDF) This is a full literature review paper written by an OISE student on the topic of Computer-mediated Communication (CMC) and Written Corrective Feedback (WCF) in Writing Centers (WC). Throughout the paper, you will find several annotations.
How to develop training modules. Step 1: Define the problem. Step 2: Write a SMART objective. Step 3: Create the right type of training module. Step 4: Collect feedback and revise. Step 5: Run a pilot training module with a test audience. Step 6: Create a final version, upload, and launch.
Here are steps to follow to help you draft an effective training plan: 1. Conduct a training need assessment. If you notice a need for training, the first step is to assess the training needs. These training needs vary across organizations but usually include enhancing poor performance or onboarding recruits.
Start using SC Training (formerly EdApp), the best on-the-job training tool! 3. Co-worker training. Employees involved in co-worker on-the-job training are pretty much receiving knowledge from colleagues who are doing the same job they are expected to do. This type of mentoring is unique because there is no hierarchy, just trained employees ...
Key Criteria and Assessment Methods: Critera could include Multiple-choice Questions, Open-ended Questions, Practical Assignments/Tasks, Self-Reflections. Sample Format: Assessment Title - Final Exam for ABC Training Program. Section I - Multiple-choice questions (20 points) Question #1 - Which one is a component of the XYZ process?
Training Assignments a. When an employee on a compressed work week attends a training program, the College may change the employee 's scheduled hours of work to the greater of: i. 7.0, 7.25, 7.50 or 8.0 hours per day, as applicable, or. Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 See All (9) Training Assignments.
Training and Development. Temporary assignments used to prepare employees for advancement. (Revised: 10/2021) Definition. Training and Development (T&D) assignments are temporary assignments to provide an employee with training and experience to move to a different occupational field. A T&D assignment is a formal agreement between the employee ...
1. Free training needs assessment template from Cognota. Here at Cognota, we've developed a training needs analysis PDF that includes links to download further documents that you can customize to your needs. It Includes a stakeholder survey template, employee survey template, and guidance on using the data gathered to conduct a skills gap ...
1. Training needs assessment template. What this template includes: This training survey helps you uncover insights about gaps in employee performance, knowledge, and skills. It tells you what your workers want to learn, their preferred learning methods, and their schedule.
A training needs assessment (TNA) is a process through which training program designers come to define key elements of a future learning intervention (could be a class, course, program, experience, workshop). The main aim of a training needs assessment is to clarify a current and desired state of things, and understand how to bridge the gap ...
Follow this eleven-step process to create a new employee training program from start to finish. 1. Conduct a training needs analysis. Just like effective employee training starts with baseline assessments, a strong employee training plan starts with an assessment of what your organization needs.
3 types of training plan templates. You should develop a new employee training plan template for all your new hires. This will generally have two components: orientation and role-specific training. The orientation is the same for every new employee and covers the company's culture, structure and mission.
Training needs analysis helps organizations idetify the gap between the actual and the desired knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSA) in a job. It can be used to develop L&D programs to train new hires, identify new projects, boost staff productivity, advance individual careers, and develop employees with leadership potential.
PURPOSE. During the 12-month program, each LEAP candidate is required to complete significantly challenging developmental assignments totaling four months of full-time service.*. The purpose of a developmental assignment is to provide you with the opportunity to broaden your managerial and leadership experiences while learning more about the ...
The provisions of 5 CFR part 410 that regulate the selection and assignment of employees to training generally also provide further instruction on more specific situations. Individuals on an Intergovernmental Personnel Act (IPA) mobility assignment may be assigned to training if that training is in the interest of the Government (5 CFR 410.306(b)).
Follow these steps to conduct effective training assessments: Define the training purpose and goal; select data collection methods; analyze the data; develop an action plan; report the findings and recommendations and implement the training program. Visme provides a wide variety of templates and features to conduct your training assessments and ...
One of most common forms of training provided to individuals is on-the-job training or OJT. It is a part of training taking place in a normal working situation. Training refers to the gain of skills and knowledge that relate to specific useful competencies and one of its goal is to improved one's capability, capacity and performance of a person.
11 Training Announcement Email Templates for Employees. Updated: February 14, 2024. Employee training is a cornerstone for organizational growth and efficiency. It not only enhances the skills and knowledge of the workforce but also boosts morale and productivity. However, the success of any training program begins with effective communication.
Changing print settings like headers and footers - weight loss exercise. Set a header, footer and print area in an Excel worksheet. Set a print area, print titles and a header and footer for an Excel sheet - hair salon data. Selects all the data and creates a 3D pie chart with an exploded segment and labels with %.
Training & Resources for NIH Clinical Trial Policies. Communicating, and Acknowledging Federal Funding. Early Stage Investigator Policies . ... (EDA), guidance on sample size calculation, and more. Training and Other Resources for Rigor and Reproducibility . Resources and training on many aspects of rigor and reproducibility, including sex as a ...