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Correction: Lactic acid bacteria isolated from women’ breast milk and infants’ faeces have appreciable immunogenic and probiotic potentials against diarrheagenic E. coli strains

The original article was published in BMC Microbiology 2024 24 :350

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Whole-genome sequencing of two multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from a neonatal intensive care unit in Egypt: a prospective cross-sectional study

Acinetobacter baumannii  ( A. baumannii ) is a life-threatening and challenging pathogen. In addition, it accounts for numerous serious infections, particularly among immunocompromised patients. Resistance to nearly...

Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of uropathogens in men with prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia from Southwestern Nigeria

Epidemiological investigations have revealed an important association between infection, inflammation and prostate cancer. Certain bacterial species, such as Klebsiella spp, Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas spp, Pro...

Effectiveness of selective antibiotics use in ESBL-related UTIs

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the second most common infection, affecting 150 million people each year worldwide. Enterobacteriaceae species expressing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are on the r...

Role of tenofovir dipivoxil in gut microbiota recovery from HBV-infection induced dysbiosis

Studies have found dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in individuals infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Tenofovir dipivoxil (TDF) is one of the preferred oral antiviral drugs used for the treatment of chr...

Application of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for identification of Nocardia species

Nocardiosis, despite its rarity and underreporting, is significant due to its severe impact, characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. The development of a precise, reliable, rapid, and straightforw...

Isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Salmonella species from slaughtered cattle carcasses and abattoir personnel at Dessie, municipality Abattoir, Northeast Ethiopia

Antibiotic-resistant Salmonella is one of the main public health concerns in the world. Isolation of Salmonella in abattoirs has been considered the core source of infection in the community from meat. Still, the...

Diaporthe species causing shoot dieback of Acer (maple) in Henan Province, China

Maple is an important ornamental plant in China. With the increasing use of maple trees in landscaping, a symptom of shoot dieback has been observed in Henan province, China.

Potential of ZnO nanoparticles for multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli having CRISPR-Cas from poultry market in Lahore

Apart from known factors such as irrational use of antibiotics and horizontal gene transfer, it is now reported that clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) are also associated with ...

Occurrence rate and species and subtypes of Cryptosporidium spp. in pet dogs in Yunnan Province, China

Cryptosporidium spp. is a ubiquitous, globally distributed intestinal protozoan infecting humans and at least 260 animal hosts. Due to close human contact with pet dogs and identification of zoonotic Cryptosporid...

Genetic diversity, biofilm formation, and Vancomycin resistance of clinical Clostridium innocuum isolates

Clostridium innocuum , previously considered a commensal microbe, is a spore-forming anaerobic bacterium. C . innocuum displays inherent resistance to vancomycin and is associated with extra-intestinal infections, ...

Genetic and phenotypic diversity of Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates from Czech salmonid fish farms

The salmonid pathogen Flavobacterium psychrophilum poses a significant economic threat to global aquaculture, yet our understanding of its genetic and phenotypic diversity remains incomplete across much of its ge...

EsxA, a type VII secretion system-dependent effector, reveals a novel function in the sporulation of Bacillus cereus ATCC14579

Bacillus cereus is a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that produces a spectrum of effectors integral to bacterial niche adaptation and the development of various infections. Among those is EsxA, whose secre...

Lactic acid bacteria isolated from women’ breast milk and infants’ faeces have appreciable immunogenic and probiotic potentials against diarrheagenic E. coli strains

Diarrheal diseases remain the leading cause of high mortality among the infants, particularly in the developing countries; Probiotic intervention for diarrhea has been an ongoing novel approach to diarrheal pr...

Biological and genomic characterization of a polyvalent phage PSH-1 against multidrug-resistant Salmonella Enteritidis

Bacteriophage has been renewed attention as a new antibacterial agent due to the limitations of antibiotic treatment. Bacteriophages are generally thought to be highly host specific and even strain specific, b...

Extreme trophic tales: deciphering bacterial diversity and potential functions in oligotrophic and hypereutrophic lakes

Oligotrophy and hypereutrophy represent the two extremes of lake trophic states, and understanding the distribution of bacterial communities across these contrasting conditions is crucial for advancing aquatic...

Linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates from Pakistan: a genomic analysis

Linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecium (LRE) is a global priority pathogen. Thirteen LRE were reported from clinical specimens between November 2021 and April 2023 at two laboratories in Karachi, Pakistan. We a...

Evaluation of 1021Bp, a close relative of Pseudomonas eucalypticola , for potential of plant growth promotion, fungal pathogen suppression and boxwood blight control

Pseudomonas eucalypticola , a new species of the P. fluorescens group that generates most Pseudomonas -based biocontrol agents, has not been found in any plants other than Eucalyptus dunnii leaves. Except for antag...

Isolate distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the national regional medical center of Southwest China for women and children during 2018–2023

Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been considered a harmless yeast, but in recent years, increasing evidence has shown that it can cause disease in humans, especially invasive infections in infants/children and vulvov...

Distribution of chaperone-usher fimbriae and curli fimbriae among uropathogenic Escherichia coli

In the present study, we aimed to determine the frequency of the csgA, fimH, mrkD, foc, papaGI, papGII and papGIII genes, to provide and to design fimbrial adhesin gene (FAG) patterns and profiles for the isolate...

The antagonistic activity of Streptomyces spiroverticillatus (No. HS1) against of poplar canker pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea

Poplar canker caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea is one of the most severe plant disease of poplars worldwide. In our study, we aimed to investigate the modes of antagonism by fermentation broth supernatant (FBS) ...

Correlation of gut microbial diversity to sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy

To determine the association of gut microbiome diversity and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) amongst patients with pre-existing diabetes.

Acceleration of epithelial cell syndecan-1 shedding by anthrax hemolytic virulence factors

The bacterial and yeast microbiota in livestock forages in hungary.

Along bacteria, yeasts are common in forages and forage fermentations as spoilage microbes or as additives, yet few studies exist with species-level data on these fungi’s occurrence in feedstuff. Active dry ye...

Antimicrobial resistance profile and associated factors of hospital-acquired gram-negative bacterial pathogens among hospitalized patients in northeast Ethiopia

Antimicrobial resistance is a major global public health issue. Infections caused by resistant species are associated with higher mortality rates, longer hospital stays, medication failure, and rising medical ...

Evaluation of lyophilized bacteriophage cocktail efficiency against multidrug-resistant Salmonella in broiler chickens

Currently, phage biocontrol is increasingly used as a green and natural technology for treating Salmonella and other infections, but phages exhibit instability and activity loss during storage. Therefore, in this...

Metagenomic profiling of gut microbiota in Fall Armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda ) larvae fed on different host plants

The fall armyworm (FAW, Spodoptera frugiperda ) is a polyphagous pest known for causing significant crop damage. The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in influencing the biology, physiology and adaptation of the...

Identification of hub genes and potential networks by centrality network analysis of PCR amplified Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici EF1α gene

Fusarium wilt is a devastating soil-borne fungal disease of tomato across the world. Conventional method of disease prevention including usage of common pesticides and methods like soil solarisation are usuall...

Can pre-analytical procedures improve microbiological culture yield in patients with periprosthetic infections?

The detection of causative pathogens plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and targeted treatment of periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). While there have been improvements in analytic methods in the past, p...

Genomic portraits of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) from food fish unveiled the genes associated with staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP), virulence and antimicrobial resistance

Characteristics of non-clinical strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) especially from fishery environment are poorly understood. This research, in addition to comprehensive characterisatio...

Evaluation of antifungal and apoptotic effects of linalool, citral, and carvacrol separately and in combination with nystatin against clinical isolates of Pichia kudriavzevii

Pichia kudriavzevii (formerly Candida krusei ) poses a significant threat to immunocompromised patients due to its inherent resistance to various antifungal drugs. This study explored the anticandidal potential of...

Correction: Enrichment of human nasopharyngeal bacteriome with bacteria from dust after short‑term exposure to indoor environment: a pilot study

The original article was published in BMC Microbiology 2023 23 :202

Evaluation of the synbiotic effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and mushroom extract on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, and immune status of zebrafish danio rerio

The quest for candidate probiotics and prebiotics to develop novel synbiotics for sustainable and profitable fish farming remains a major focus for various stakeholders. In this study, we examined the effects ...

DUF1127-containing protein and ProQ had opposite effects on biofilm formation in Vibrio alginolyticus

The RNA binding protein is crucial for gene regulation at the post transcription level. In this study, functions of the DUF1127-containing protein and ProQ, which are RNA-binding proteins, were revealed in Vibrio...

Streptomyces avermitilis MICNEMA2022: a new biorational strain for producing abamectin as an integrated nematode management agent

Abamectin (ABA) is considered a powerful insecticidal and anthelmintic agent. It is an intracellular product of Streptomyces avermitilis ; is synthesized through complicated pathways and can then be extracted from...

Antivirulence activities of Rutin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus is an infectious bacterium that is frequently found in healthcare settings and the community. This study aimed to prepare rutin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (Rut-CS NPs) and assess their an...

Mechanisms of ROS-mediated interactions between Bacillus aryabhattai LAD and maize roots to promote plant growth

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), as a group of environmentally friendly bacteria growing in the rhizosphere of plants, play an important role in plant growth and development and resistance to envir...

​Fusarium Protein Toolkit: a web-based resource for structural and variant analysis of Fusarium species

​​The genus Fusarium poses significant threats to food security and safety worldwide because numerous species of the fungus cause destructive diseases and/or mycotoxin contamination in crops. The adverse effects ...

Clinical and microbiological characteristics and follow-up of invasive Listeria monocytogenes infection among hospitalized patients: real-world experience of 16 years from Hungary

Invasive Listeria monocytogenes infection is rare, but can lead to life-threatening complications among high-risk patients. Our aim was to assess characteristics and follow-up of adults hospitalized with invasive...

Survival and virulence of Acinetobacter baumannii in microbial mixtures

Acinetobacter species such as A. venetianus and A. guillouiae have been studied for various biotechnology applications, including bioremediation of recalcitrant and harmful environmental contaminants, as well as ...

Phenotypic and genotypic determination of resistance to common disinfectants among strains of Acinetobacter baumannii producing and non-producing biofilm isolated from Iran

Nosocomial infections are a global problem in hospitals all around the world. It is considered a major health problem, especially in developing countries. The increase in the patient’s stay in hospitals has in...

Disruption of bacterial interactions and community assembly in Babesia -infected Haemaphysalis longicornis following antibiotic treatment

A previous study highlighted the role of antibiotic-induced dysbiosis in the tick microbiota, facilitating the transstadial transmission of Babesia microti from nymph to adult in Haemaphysalis longicornis . This s...

Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene by mixed fungi composed of Alternaria sp. and Trametes sp. isolated from landfill sites

With the development of industry and modern manufacturing, nondegradable low-density polyethylene (LDPE) has been widely used, posing a rising environmental hazard to natural ecosystems and public health. In t...

Antibacterial efficacy of mycobacteriophages against virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health concern, with drug-resistant strains posing a significant challenge to effective treatment. Bacteriophage (phage) therapy has emerged as a potential alternative ...

Wolbachia strain diversity in a complex group of sympatric cryptic parasitoid wasp species

Maternally-inherited symbionts can induce pre-mating and/or post-mating reproductive isolation between sympatric host lineages, and speciation, by modifying host reproductive phenotypes. The large parasitoid w...

Differences in the landscape of colonized microorganisms in different oral potentially malignant disorders and squamous cell carcinoma: a multi-group comparative study

The role of microbes in diseases, especially cancer, has garnered significant attention. However, research on the oral microbiota in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) remains limited. Our study inve...

Biocontrol of rusted root rot in Panax ginseng by a combination of extracts from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens YY8 crude protein and Enterobacteriaceae YY115 ethyl acetate

Rusted root rot is one of the most common root diseases in Panax ginseng , and Cylindrocarpon destructans is one of the main pathogenic fungus. The objective of this study was to screen and explore the extracts of...

Molecular investigation of Blastocystis in children and calves in Bangladesh

Blastocystis , a widely distributed zoonotic protozoan infecting both humans and numerous animals, remains poorly understood with its potential medical and veterinary significance. This study examined the molecula...

Metagenomic mining of two Egyptian Red Sea sponges associated microbial community

The Red Sea is a promising habitat for the discovery of new bioactive marine natural products. Sponges associated microorganisms represent a wealthy source of compounds with unique chemical structures and dive...

Development of RPA-Cas12a assay for rapid and sensitive detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii

Pneumocystis jirovecii is a prevalent opportunistic fungal pathogen that can lead to life-threatening Pneumocystis pneumonia in immunocompromised individuals. Given that timely and accurate diagnosis is essential...

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Microbiological Research publishes research on prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms such as yeasts, fungi, bacteria, archaea, and protozoa. The journal considers research on interactions between pathogenic microorganisms and their environment or hosts. The research should be original and include molecular aspects to generate broad interest. Papers of specialised or of preliminary and descriptive content will normally not be considered. Studies in the following sections are included:

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Feasibility and assessment of a comprehensive emergency department-based intervention for patients at risk of HIV

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Marginal notes, september 2024: in the antimicrobial resistance hot seat, knocking out amr project review, current status of clinical trials for phage therapy, assessing antimicrobial resistance profiles of salmonella enterica in the pork production system, relationship of salmonella typhimurium 14028 strain and its dam and seqa mutants with gut microbiota dysbiosis in rats, polymyxin combined with ocimum gratissimum essential oil: one alternative strategy for combating polymyxin-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae, the impact of agar depth on antimicrobial susceptibility testing by disc diffusion, development of novel broad-range pan-genus pcr assays for the detection of tropheryma species, antimicrobial spectrum against wound pathogens and cytotoxicity of star-arranged poly- l -lysine-based antimicrobial peptide polymers, routine blood parameters as auxiliary diagnostic tools for mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children, most read this month, most cited most cited rss feed, healthcare-associated infections, medical devices and biofilms: risk, tolerance and control, candida species: current epidemiology, pathogenicity, biofilm formation, natural antifungal products and new therapeutic options, emerging tick-borne pathogens of public health importance: a mini-review, streptomyces from traditional medicine: sources of new innovations in antibiotic discovery, pseudomonas aeruginosa – a phenomenon of bacterial resistance, biofilm matrix of candida albicans and candida tropicalis : chemical composition and role in drug resistance, evaluation of metal-based antimicrobial compounds for the treatment of bacterial pathogens, the third quorum-sensing system of pseudomonas aeruginosa : pseudomonas quinolone signal and the enigmatic pqse protein, pseudomonas aeruginosa and microbial keratitis, mechanisms of ciprofloxacin resistance in pseudomonas aeruginosa : new approaches to an old problem.

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Latest Review Papers in Molecular Microbiology

This Special Issue—dedicated to high-quality review papers in molecular microbiology—is highlighting two important developments in the field: (i) the analysis of microbiome data in health and disease and (ii) the search for strategies against bacteria showing antimicrobial resistance.

While formerly studies of microbes and viruses were mainly focused on the isolation, identification, and characterization of especially pathogenic species, the development of next generation sequencing—together with appropriate bioinformatics tools—allows a much more holistic view of the human microbiome. Due to the fact that the intestinal microbiota helps to digest food, supports nutrient uptake, and contributes to the supply of vitamins, the gut microbiome gained early interest, not only in the scientific community but also in the public. Moreover, it was shown that intestinal microbes are crucial for developmental processes such as the maturation of the immune system.

The effect of intestinal microbiota, intraluminal metabolites, and signaling molecules on the development and maintenance of distant tissues, especially on bone physiology, is summarized and discussed in the review by Grüner et al. [ 1 ]. The authors describe how the intestinal microbiome can influence bone density, bone remodeling, and postnatal skeletal development. These effects are especially well-studied in the case of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and are based on alterations in uptake of, e.g., calcium, magnesium, phosphate, iron, and vitamin D, as well as metabolism and immune functions. Frequently observed extra-intestinal manifestations of IBD caused by dysbiosis in the intestine affect bones (e.g., osteoporosis, osteomalacia) and joints (e.g., arthritis, dactylitis). Obviously, the intestinal microbiome is crucial for the maintenance of gut-bone physiology.

The influence of intestinal microbiota on the peripheral nervous system is summarized by Calabrò et al. [ 2 ]. As described in this paper, the gut microbiota influences the regeneration of nerve injuries as well as the function of the autonomic nervous system and the skeletal muscle. Several examples demonstrating the influence of the gut microbiome on pathological states of the nervous system are presented, including neuropathic pain, autism spectrum disorders, autoimmune disorders, and myopathies.

A review focusing on the human male genital tract microbiota is presented by Zuber et al. [ 3 ]. The review summarizes studies on the profiling of microbial colonization of different parts of the male genital tract. Moreover, methodological problems and the impact of studies on the human male genital tract on male infertility and pathophysiology are discussed. Interestingly, bacterial abundance seems to be highly variable and range from considerable colonization to almost sterile conditions.

Also, blood is generally thought to be sterile. Exceptions are systemic infections such as bacteremia or septicemia. Cheng et al. [ 4 ] present current evidence on the presence of microbial material in the blood stream, controversies in the field, and challenges of blood microbiome studies. The review summarizes the current knowledge about blood microbiota in health and disease. The influence of the microbiota on cardiometabolic and respiratory diseases, cancer, kidney dysfunction, pregnancy complications, and others are discussed. Moreover, controversies, knowledge gaps, and future directions are presented.

Two review papers address new strategies to overcome antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic bacteria. Today, bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a significant global health problem, which is estimated to become an even more severe threat in the next decades. Therefore, new strategies to combat strains resistant to common antimicrobials are urgently needed.

Tabcheh et al. [ 5 ] present a new strategy to circumvent (multi)drug-resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. As an alternative to the development of new antibiotics, the latest strategies to rejuvenate common antibiotics and restore their biological efficacy are discussed. The authors present common mechanisms of antibiotic resistance such as membrane impermeability, antibiotic target modification, antibiotic inactivation, and efflux pumps, and strategies to circumvent these by combinations of drugs, drug–enzyme combinations, efflux pump inhibitors, and others.

Máslanka and Mucha present an alternative to established antibiotics: the organoselenium compound ebselen [ 6 ]. Besides its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective activities, ebselen has antibacterial properties, which are discussed with respect to the current state of research, molecular mechanism of antimicrobial activity, and therapeutic implications.

Taken together, the Special Issue “Latest Review Papers in Molecular Microbiology” provides an excellent overview about the latest developments in microbiota–host interaction and strategies to cope with bacteria developing resistance against common antibiotics and emphasizes the scientific importance of these fields of research at the interface of molecular biology and medicine.

Conflicts of Interest

The author declares no conflict of interest.

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Comparative study of the growth, stress status and reproductive capabilities of four wild-type zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) lines

Zebrafish are widely used in various research fields and to fulfil the diverse research needs, numerous zebrafish lines are available, each with a unique domestication background, potentially resulting in intr...

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PTN from Leydig cells activates SDC2 and modulates human spermatogonial stem cell proliferation and survival via GFRA1

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are essential for the maintenance and initiation of male spermatogenesis. Despite the advances in understanding SSC biology in mouse models, the mechanisms underlying human SSC...

The effect of CGRP and SP and the cell signaling dialogue between sensory neurons and endothelial cells

Increasing evidences demonstrate the role of sensory innervation in bone metabolism, remodeling and repair, however neurovascular coupling in bone is rarely studied. Using microfluidic devices as an indirect c...

Mouse testicular macrophages can independently produce testosterone and are regulated by Cebpb

Testicular macrophages (TM) have long been recognized for their role in immune response within the testicular environment. However, their involvement in steroid hormone synthesis, particularly testosterone, ha...

Fruit sugar hub: gene regulatory network associated with soluble solids content (SSC) in Prunus persica

Chilean peach growers have achieved worldwide recognition for their high-quality fruit products. Among the main factors influencing peach fruit quality, sweetness is pivotal for maintaining the market's compet...

Antimicrobial activity of compounds identified by artificial intelligence discovery engine targeting enzymes involved in Neisseria gonorrhoeae peptidoglycan metabolism

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) causes the sexually transmitted disease gonorrhoea. There are no vaccines and infections are treated principally with antibiotics. However, gonococci rapidly develop resistance to every...

Hormonal influence: unraveling the impact of sex hormones on vascular smooth muscle cells

Sex hormones play a pivotal role as endocrine hormones that exert profound effects on the biological characteristics and vascular function of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). By modulating intracellular s...

Unraveling the impact of hyperleptinemia on female reproduction: insights from transgenic pig model

Infertility is a growing global health concern affecting millions of couples worldwide. Among several factors, an extreme body weight adversely affects reproductive functions. Leptin is a well-known adipokine ...

Deciphering genetic and nongenetic factors underlying tumour dormancy: insights from multiomics analysis of two syngeneic MRD models of melanoma and leukemia

Tumour dormancy, a resistance mechanism employed by cancer cells, is a significant challenge in cancer treatment, contributing to minimal residual disease (MRD) and potential relapse. Despite its clinical impo...

Genetic deletion of ITIH5 leads to increased development of adipose tissue in mice

Adipocytokines play a pivotal role in maintaining adipose tissue homeostasis by regulating cellular metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, and secretory activity. These soluble factors are relevant compon...

Inhibition of forward and reverse transport of Ca 2+ via Na + /Ca 2+ exchangers (NCX) prevents sperm capacitation

While calcium is known to play a crucial role in mammalian sperm physiology, how it flows in and out of the male gamete is not completely understood. Herein, we investigated the involvement of Na + /Ca 2+ exchangers...

Selective disruption of synaptic NMDA receptors of the hippocampal trisynaptic circuit in Aβ pathology

Synaptic dysfunction is an early feature in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis and a major morphological correlate of memory deficits. Given the main synaptic location of N -methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs...

Placental growth factor mediates pathological uterine angiogenesis by activating the NFAT5-SGK1 signaling axis in the endometrium: implications for preeclampsia development

After menstruation the uterine spiral arteries are repaired through angiogenesis. This process is tightly regulated by the paracrine communication between endometrial stromal cells (EnSCs) and endothelial cell...

Dissecting reactive astrocyte responses: lineage tracing and morphology-based clustering

Brain damage triggers diverse cellular and molecular events, with astrocytes playing a crucial role in activating local neuroprotective and reparative signaling within damaged neuronal circuits. Here, we inves...

Neuronal repair after spinal cord injury by in vivo astrocyte reprogramming mediated by the overexpression of NeuroD1 and Neurogenin-2

As a common disabling disease, irreversible neuronal death due to spinal cord injury (SCI) is the root cause of functional impairment; however, the capacity for neuronal regeneration in the developing spinal c...

PvMYB60 gene, a candidate for drought tolerance improvement in common bean in a climate change context

Common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) is one of the main nutritional resources in the world, and a low environmental impact source of protein. However, the majority of its cultivation areas are affected by drought and...

Enhancing adipose tissue functionality in obesity: senotherapeutics, autophagy and cellular senescence as a target

Obesity, a global health crisis, disrupts multiple systemic processes, contributing to a cascade of metabolic dysfunctions by promoting the pathological expansion of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). This expansi...

Effects of a supplemented diet containing 7 probiotic strains (Honeybeeotic) on honeybee physiology and immune response: analysis of hemolymph cytology, phenoloxidase activity, and gut microbiome

In this study, a probiotic mixture (Honeybeeotic) consisting of seven bacterial strains isolated from a unique population of honeybees ( Apis mellifera ligustica ) was used. That honeybee population was located in ...

Uncovering the role of the subcommissural organ in early brain development through transcriptomic analysis

The significant role of embryonic cerebrospinal fluid (eCSF) in the initial stages of brain development has been thoroughly studied. This fluid contains crucial molecules for proper brain development such as m...

A preclinical mice model of multiple sclerosis based on the toxin-induced double-site demyelination of callosal and cerebellar fibers

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an irreversible progressive CNS pathology characterized by the loss of myelin (i.e. demyelination). The lack of myelin is followed by a progressive neurodegeneration triggering sympt...

Renoprotective effect of a novel combination of 6-gingerol and metformin in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats via targeting miRNA-146a, miRNA-223, TLR4/TRAF6/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and HIF-1α

MiRNA-146a and miRNA-223 are key epigenetic regulators of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/tumor necrosis factor-receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)/NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) infla...

Unveiling a novel memory center in human brain: neurochemical identification of the nucleus incertus , a key pontine locus implicated in stress and neuropathology

The nucleus incertus (NI) was originally described by Streeter in 1903, as a midline region in the floor of the fourth ventricle of the human brain with an ‘unknown’ function. More than a century later, the neuro...

Chrysin-loaded PEGylated liposomes protect against alloxan-induced diabetic neuropathy in rats: the interplay between endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is recognized as a significant complication arising from diabetes mellitus (DM). Pathogenesis of DN is accelerated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which inhibits autophagy and co...

Lead and calcium crosstalk tempted acrosome damage and hyperpolarization of spermatozoa: signaling and ultra-structural evidences

Exposure of humans and animals to heavy metals is increasing day-by-day; thus, lead even today remains of significant public health concern. According to CDC, blood lead reference value (BLRV) ranges from 3.5 ...

Molecular hydrogen promotes retinal vascular regeneration and attenuates neovascularization and neuroglial dysfunction in oxygen-induced retinopathy mice

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a proliferative retinal vascular disease occurring in the retina of premature infants and is the main cause of childhood blindness. Nowadays anti-VEGF and retinal photocoagu...

Retraction Note: Tridax procumbens flavonoids promote osteoblast differentiation and bone formation

Exercise reduces physical alterations in a rat model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) has serious physical consequences for children such as behavioral disabilities, growth disorders, neuromuscular problems, impaired motor coordination, and decreased muscle tone....

Loss of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor delta PTPRD increases the number of cortical neurons, impairs synaptic function and induces autistic-like behaviors in adult mice

The brain cortex is responsible for many higher-level cognitive functions. Disruptions during cortical development have long-lasting consequences on brain function and are associated with the etiology of brain...

Inhibition of astroglial hemichannels prevents synaptic transmission decline during spreading depression

Spreading depression (SD) is an intriguing phenomenon characterized by massive slow brain depolarizations that affect neurons and glial cells. This phenomenon is repetitive and produces a metabolic overload th...

Correction: Conformational characterization of the mammalian-expressed SARS-CoV-2 recombinant receptor binding domain, a COVID-19 vaccine

The original article was published in Biological Research 2023 56 :22

The current insights of mitochondrial hormesis in the occurrence and treatment of bone and cartilage degeneration

It is widely acknowledged that aging, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular phenotypic abnormalities are intricately associated with the degeneration of bone and cartilage. Consequently, gaining a comprehens...

The crucial role of HFM1 in regulating FUS ubiquitination and localization for oocyte meiosis prophase I progression in mice

Helicase for meiosis 1 (HFM1), a putative DNA helicase expressed in germ-line cells, has been reported to be closely associated with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). However, the underlying molecular mec...

Distinct properties of putative trophoblast stem cells established from somatic cell nuclear-transferred pig blastocysts

Genetically modified pigs are considered ideal models for studying human diseases and potential sources for xenotransplantation research. However, the somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technique utilized to...

Electroacupuncture attenuates neuropathic pain via suppressing BIP-IRE-1α-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress in the anterior cingulate cortex

Studies have suggested that endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is involved in neurological dysfunction and that electroacupuncture (EA) attenuates neuropathic pain (NP) via undefined pathways. However, the rol...

Effect of Cannabis sativa L. extracts, phytocannabinoids and their acetylated derivates on the SHSY-5Y neuroblastoma cells’ viability and caspases 3/7 activation

There is a need for novel treatments for neuroblastoma, despite the emergence of new biological and immune treatments, since refractory pediatric neuroblastoma is still a medical challenge. Phyto cannabinoids ...

The hepatoprotective effect of 4-phenyltetrahydroquinolines on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats through autophagy inhibition

The liver serves as a metabolic hub within the human body, playing a crucial role in various essential functions, such as detoxification, nutrient metabolism, and hormone regulation. Therefore, protecting the ...

Connexin channels and hemichannels are modulated differently by charge reversal at residues forming the intracellular pocket

Members of the β-subfamily of connexins contain an intracellular pocket surrounded by amino acid residues from the four transmembrane helices. The presence of this pocket has not previously been investigated i...

IDH1 mutation produces R-2-hydroxyglutarate (R-2HG) and induces mir-182-5p expression to regulate cell cycle and tumor formation in glioma

Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 ( IDH1 and IDH2 ), are present in most gliomas. IDH1 mutation is an important prognostic marker in glioma. However, its regulatory mechanism in glioma remains incomplet...

Therapeutic potential of oleic acid supplementation in myotonic dystrophy muscle cell models

We recently reported that upregulation of Musashi 2 (MSI2) protein in the rare neuromuscular disease myotonic dystrophy type 1 contributes to the hyperactivation of the muscle catabolic processes autophagy and...

Dorsal root ganglion-derived exosomes deteriorate neuropathic pain by activating microglia via the microRNA-16-5p/HECTD1/HSP90 axis

The activated microglia have been reported as pillar factors in neuropathic pain (NP) pathology, but the molecules driving pain-inducible microglial activation require further exploration. In this study, we in...

MicroRNA-721 regulates gluconeogenesis via KDM2A-mediated epigenetic modulation in diet-induced insulin resistance in C57BL/6J mice

Aberrant gluconeogenesis is considered among primary drivers of hyperglycemia under insulin resistant conditions, with multiple studies pointing towards epigenetic dysregulation. Here we examine the role of mi...

Combined transcriptomics and proteomics unveil the impact of vitamin C in modulating specific protein abundance in the mouse liver

Vitamin C (ascorbate) is a water-soluble antioxidant and an important cofactor for various biosynthetic and regulatory enzymes. Mice can synthesize vitamin C thanks to the key enzyme gulonolactone oxidase (Gul...

Novel role of LLGL2 silencing in autophagy: reversing epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major urological disease that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in men. LLGL2 is the mammalian homolog of Lgl. It acts as a tumor suppressor in breast and hepati...

Rapid development and mass production of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing chicken egg yolk antibodies with protective efficacy in hamsters

Despite the record speed of developing vaccines and therapeutics against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, it is not a given that such success can be secured in future pandemics. In addition, COVID-19 vaccination and appl...

High-fat diet, microbiome-gut-brain axis signaling, and anxiety-like behavior in male rats

Obesity, associated with the intake of a high-fat diet (HFD), and anxiety are common among those living in modern urban societies. Recent studies suggest a role of microbiome-gut-brain axis signaling, includin...

General regulatory factors exert differential effects on nucleosome sliding activity of the ISW1a complex

Chromatin dynamics is deeply involved in processes that require access to DNA, such as transcriptional regulation. Among the factors involved in chromatin dynamics at gene regulatory regions are general regula...

Establishment of primary prostate epithelial and tumorigenic cell lines using a non-viral immortalization approach

Research on prostate cancer is mostly performed using cell lines derived from metastatic disease, not reflecting stages of tumor initiation or early progression. Establishment of cancer cell lines derived from...

The effect of diabetes mellitus on differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into insulin-producing cells

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global epidemic with increasing incidences. DM is a metabolic disease associated with chronic hyperglycemia. Aside from conventional treatments, there is no clinically approved cure...

Control of astrocytic Ca 2+ signaling by nitric oxide-dependent S-nitrosylation of Ca 2+ homeostasis modulator 1 channels

Astrocytes Ca 2+ signaling play a central role in the modulation of neuronal function. Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) by glutamate released during an increase in synaptic activity triggers ...

Increased levels and activation of the IL-17 receptor in microglia contribute to enhanced neuroinflammation in cerebellum of hyperammonemic rats

Patients with liver cirrhosis may show minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) with mild cognitive impairment and motor incoordination. Rats with chronic hyperammonemia reproduce these alterations. Motor incoordi...

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100+ microbiology research topics to succeed.

Microbiology topics are some of the most researched ideas. This field entails the study of different microorganisms, ranging from eukaryotic fungi and single-celled organisms to cell-cluster organisms. When pursuing a microbiology course in a university or college, your educators will ask you to write academic papers on microbiology research topics.

Choosing the right microbiology topics to write about is essential because it determines the direction of your research and writing processes. Therefore, take your time to identify a topic you will be comfortable working with from the beginning to the end.

Top Microbiology Topics for Research

If looking for the top microbiology research paper topics, this list has some of the best ideas to explore. That’s because most people are searching for information related to these topics in microbiology.

• Bioterrorism- Bioweapons limit with technological developments
• Antibiotics resistance- A major limitation in medicine
• Extraterrestrial life- Existing life evidence in space
• Gene therapy- Gene therapy as a controversial biology topic
• Cloning- Latest developments in cloning research
• Antibacterial products-Latest discoveries explaining the possibility of antibacterial products effects on the immune system
• What is the future of microbiology research, both theoretically and technologically?
• Epidemics- Current disease control protocols and possible solutions
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These are brilliant microbiology project topics. However, you need time and effort to research any of these topics and come up with an awesome paper.

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• Virus-like particle vaccines for protozoan parasites and respiratory viruses
• Quorum sensing and campylobacter biofilm formation in molecular mechanisms
• Campylobacter horizontal gene and natural competence transfer
• Murine investigation models for innate immune response and colonization resistance in campylobacter jejuni infections
• iBALT role in respiratory immunity
• Antiviral immunity for pyroptosis
• Damage to the sensing tissue by Myeloid c-Type Lectin receptors
• How antifungal drugs modify the cell wall
• Host cell’s death pathways manipulation by the Herpes Simplex virus
• Type II Secretion system structures in needle filaments
• RIP Kinase signaling outcomes during neuro-invasive infection by virus
• Innate immune system pathological and physiological functions of CARD 9 signaling
• The genetics of the Lassa virus
• Genital immunity’s memory lymphocyte- Tissue-resident memory T cells’ role
• Delivery and formulation technologies for the mRNA vaccines
• Peptide and protein nanocluster vaccines
• Reovirus’ cell killing- Consequences and mechanisms
• Leptospirosis reference lab’s role
• Hypoxia-inducible and hypoxia factors in stem cell maintenance among cancer patients
• Development of dengue vaccine

Pick any of these new research topics in microbiology if your goal is to work on recent information. Nevertheless, take your time reading recent literature in this field to come up with an awesome paper.

Interesting Topics in Microbiology

Perhaps, you’re looking for microbiology projects topics that most people will find interesting to read about. In that case, consider these interesting microbiology topics.

• Techniques and methodologies for future research about the virus
• Redox-active metabolite’s roles in microbial signaling
• The role and emergence of yeast as a baking industry’s preservative
• Host-pathogenic interactions study with a focus on redox and cellular metals
• Yeast non-conventional use in the wine-making industry
• Microbiota- What is the bifidobacterila’s role in the human gut?
• Virus role in vaccines development and improvement in third world countries
• Heath- Microbiology role in addressing antibiotic resistance
• Human microbial ecosystems study- Microbe interactions
• Impact and role of viruses in large animals’ health
• How bacteria in complex organisms respond to stress
• Cell to cell interaction and social behavior in bacteria interactions
• Norovirus cross-contamination investigation during service procedures in the food industry in fresh produce preparation
• Transfer rate determination in Salmonella sp. From nut butter to food materials
• Listeria monacytogenes comparative genomic analysis for survival within a food processing situation
• Thermal resistance and survival of desiccated Salmonella in dry and moist food processing environments
• Effective cleaning products for removing food matrix with B. Thuringiensis spores and B. Cereus
• Analysis of cleaning procedures’ effects on Bacillus spores
• How temperature affects viruses survival in vegetables and fruits
• How temperature and time combine to stimulate C. botulinum spores to germinate or produce a toxin

This category has some of the most interesting and easy microbiology research topics. However, take your time to research the topic you choose to write a paper that will impress your educator to award you the top grade.

Medical Microbiology Research Topics

Maybe you want to explore microbiology and human health topics. In that case, consider these medical-related microbiology paper topics.

• Probiotics- A study of their preparation
• How to prevent sickle cell anemia
• The growth of mold
• How fertilizes, polythene and manure affect the hypocotyl’s elongation rate
• How cinnamon and curry inhibit the growth of bacteria
• How oil spills affect microorganisms in the oceans
• Reproducing yeast in sugar substitutes
• Why vitamin c affects the rotting rate for fruits
• Effective toothbrush disinfecting methods
• Describe the spread of Ebola

Consider any of these microbiology research topics research paper if interested in something to do with medicine. However, take your time to identify good and authentic information sources before you start writing your paper. That’s because your educator will be interested in unique and relevant content.

Microbiology Research Topics for Undergraduates

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• Using polymerase chain reaction to diagnose infectious diseases
• Preliminary antimicrobial and phytochemical screening of coat and seed of citrus sinensis
• Microbiology effect on mining
• Human skin colonization by bacteria
• Sweet orange’s antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus isolated from wound infection
• The susceptibility pattern of bacteria to antibiotics
• Bush pear analysis and the oil project
• Spoilt avocado microbial examination- What it reveals
• Characterization and isolation of microorganisms from a stored pap
• CryoEM use in understanding pathogen resistance and transport
• Additive manufacture of skin-facing antimicrobial devices for surgery
• Oral bacteria’s role in cardiovascular disease
• Nutrient-mediated ‘Dual warhead’ antimicrobials’ delivery
• Induction mechanisms of the protective lung tissue memory cells in influenza
• The activity of eukaryotic, elucidating topoisomerase in homologous recombination
• Oral bacteria involvement in chronic periodontitis- Metabolomics investigation
• Effect of metal nanoparticles on the multi-species biofilm consortia- A metabolomics investigation
• How vaping or smoking affects the risk of CoV-2, SARS, and COVID-19 outcomes
• Soil contaminants risks on below and above ground eco-systems in urban areas
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This category also has some of the best microbiology topics for presentation. However, get ready to research any of these topics to write an impressive paper.

Hot Topics in Microbiology

Perhaps, you’re looking for the most interesting microbiology essay topics to research and write about. In that case, consider some of the ideas in this category.

• Shea butter’s microbiological analysis
• Research of tapeworms and their dangers
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• A study of the functionalities and properties of wetland bacteria
• Microbiological study of a commercial preparation of yogurts
• A study of bacteria that withstand antibiotics
• Human immunodeficiency virus diagnosis- How it’s done
• A study of plasmodium species correlation
• A study of onions’ microorganisms
• An investigation of starch fermentation, specificities, and activities of its enzymes
• Listeria growth and survival in freshly cut vegetables
• Low moisture food inoculation protocols
• Survival and growth of Salmonella during partially sprouted products processing and chia powders
• Environmental organisms’ risk assessment and the importance of better control and knowledge

This category also has some of the best food microbiology topics. Nevertheless, students should be ready to spend time and effort researching any of these ideas before writing. That’s because educators expect them to present fresh and relevant information in their papers.

Learners have many topics or ideas to consider when researching and writing academic papers. However, every student should look for an interesting topic they are comfortable researching and writing about. That’s because writing a research paper or essay takes time. Choosing a boring topic means a learner will spend their time working on something they’re not interested in. And this can reflect on the quality of their paper. Thus, their grade will suffer.

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Why do Fibonacci Numbers Appear in Patterns of Growth in Nature? A Model for Tissue Renewal Based on Asymmetric Cell Division

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• https://doi.org/10.1080/00150517.2017.12427733

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While many examples of Fibonacci numbers are found in phenotypic structures of plants and animals, the dynamic processes that generate these structures have not been fully elucidated. This raises the question: What biologic rules and mathematical laws that control the growth and renewal of tissues in multi-cellular organisms give rise to these patterns of Fibonacci numbers? In nature the growth and self-renewal of cell populations leads to generation of hierarchical patterns in tissues that resemble the pattern of population growth in rabbits, which is explained by the classic Fibonacci sequence. Consequently, we conjectured a similar process exists at the cellular scale that explains tissue renewal. Accordingly, we created a model (cell division type) for tissue development based on the biology of cell division that builds upon the cell maturation concept posed in the Spears and Bicknell-Johnson model ("mating”-like design) for asymmetric cell division. In our model cells divide asymmetrically to generate a mature and an immature cell. Model output on the number of cells generated over time fits specific Fibonacci p-number sequences depending on the maturation time. A computer code was created to display model output as branching tree diagrams as a function of time. These plots and tables of model output illustrate that specific patterns and ratios of immature to mature cells emerge over time based on the cell maturation period. Conclusion: Simple mathematical laws involving temporal and spatial rules for cell division begin to explain how Fibonacci numbers appear in patterns of growth in nature.

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Applied microbiology articles from across Nature Portfolio

Applied microbiology is a scientific discipline that deals with the application of microorganisms and the knowledge about them. Applications include biotechnology, agriculture, medicine, food microbiology and bioremediation.

Latest Research and Reviews

Towards geospatially-resolved public-health surveillance via wastewater sequencing

Wastewater is a promising source of data for continuous monitoring of pathogens in communities, but analysis protocols and methods are still being established. Here, the authors develop sequencing and analysis protocols and use them to evaluate the microbial content of longitudinal wastewater samples from Miami-Dade County, USA.

• Braden T. Tierney
• Jonathan Foox
• Christopher E. Mason

Taxometer: Improving taxonomic classification of metagenomics contigs

Taxonomic classification of DNA sequences is typically performed on each sequence individually. Here the authors present a deep learning-based method that utilizes information across a dataset to enhance taxonomic annotations of any microbiome.

• Svetlana Kutuzova
• Mads Nielsen
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Bacterial killing and the dimensions of bacterial death

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Protection against DSS-induced colitis in mice through FcεRIα deficiency: the role of altered Lactobacillus

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Enhanced biochemical, microbial, and ultrastructural attributes of reduced-fat labneh through innovative microalgae integration

• Mahmoud M. Refaey
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Strategy to mitigate substrate inhibition in wastewater treatment systems

To address substrate inhibition in wastewater treatment, the authors propose a non-lethal high substrate environment to enhance microbial community resistance. Testing this on anammox systems, they find increased nitrite tolerance and stability, with a shift to the dominant genus Candidatus Jettenia.

News and Comment

Autotrophic yeast

Yeast is a widely used cell factory for the conversion of sugar into fuels, chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Establishing yeast as being autotrophic can enable it to grow solely on CO 2 and light, and hereby yeast can be used as a wider platform for transition to a sustainable society.

• Jens Nielsen

Bacteria curb emissions in farmland

In this study, Hiis et al. demonstrate that the N 2 O-respiring bacterial strain Cloacibacterium sp. CB-01 can reduce nitrous oxide emissions from soil.

• Agustina Taglialegna

Decomposer communities are universal in death

Decomposer microbiomes are universal across cadavers regardless of environmental conditions, and they use complex cross-feeding and interkingdom interactions to break down organic matter.

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Cutibacterium improves skin condition

In this study, Knödlseder et al. explore the potential of an engineered Cutibacterium acnes strain as a microbiome-based therapy for skin conditions.

QurvE: user-friendly software for the analysis of biological growth and fluorescence data

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Insulin as a catalyst to recombinant DNA technology

Scientific research on human insulin was a crucial development in medicine, and its discovery led to the treatment of diabetes, one of the most prevalent global chronic diseases. A seminal work published in 1979 describing recombinant DNA technology to produce human insulin through biocatalysis has resulted in this field’s establishment and routine industrial applications.

• Thavendran Govender
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Microsoft Research Lab – Asia

Nnscaler: exploring a new paradigm for parallel execution in deep learning, share this page.

Author: Youshan Miao

Today, deep learning has permeated our daily lives. As the size of models continues to grow, training these models on massive GPU accelerators has become increasingly time-consuming and costly. To effectively harness the power of massive GPUs and enhance efficiency, researchers have been developing various parallel strategies to improve performance across multiple devices. However, many potentially efficient parallel strategies remain unexplored. Fully exploring these possibilities to further unlock performance remains a major challenge in both research and application.

Recently, researchers from Microsoft Research Asia proposed nnScaler, a framework that supports freely expressing parallel strategies through a set of parallel primitives while minimizing search costs by utilizing a strategy-constrained search space.

Parallel primitives: A unified framework to describe parallel strategies

Mainstream training systems, such as Megatron-LM, DeepSpeed, and Alpa, typically incorporate built-in parallel strategies like data-parallelism, tensor-parallelism, and pipeline-parallelism, which can be combined through configuration. While this approach is efficient for most cases and convenient for users, it may overlook more efficient strategies. Including new efficient parallel strategies often require substantial modifications to the underlying system code, which is impractical.

Therefore, researchers revisited the fundamental components of parallel strategies. The execution of deep learning models can usually be represented as a data-flow graph, where tensors (representing data) are the edges, and tensor operators are the vertices. The process of parallelization involves transforming the computation data-flow graph, originally designed for single-device execution, into a distributed data-flow graph for multi-device execution. Thus, researchers propose a set of basic operations as parallel primitives, including:

• op-trans : Describes how operators and tensors are partitioned.
• op-assign : Assigns the partitioned operators to specific devices.
• op-order : Specifies the execution order of operators on the same device.

By utilizing these primitives, we can precisely describe how each operator and tensor in the data-flow graph is partitioned and scheduled across devices (spatially) and over time (temporal order on the same device).

These parallel primitives can naturally express various widely used parallel strategies. For instance, data-parallelism can be expressed as partitioning all forward pass and backward pass operators along the data sample dimension and distributing them evenly across all devices, while copying the optimizer operators to each device. All operators on each device maintain the same execution order as in the original graph. The introduction of parallel primitives allows for the flexible description and integration of various parallel strategies within a unified framework, significantly expanding the representational scope of parallel strategy spaces.

This universality not only systematically expresses existing parallel strategies but also provides the potential to explore new ones. For example, for operators that produce intermediate results too large for a single device, the original strategy might be tensor-parallelism with communication coordination. However, using parallel primitives, we can partition the tensor for that specific operator and schedule all partitions on the same device for sequential execution, successfully executing the operation while avoiding communication overhead, as shown in the figure below.

Enhancing efficiency through expert-guided strategy search

While parallel primitives expand the strategy space, this expansion also introduces a new challenge—the vast strategy space makes it difficult to complete searches within a limited time. With a multitude of possible combinations, efficiently finding the optimal strategy becomes a pressing issue.

nnScalerleverages domain expert wisdom to guide effective strategy searches. This guidance can be described through parallel primitives, seamlessly integrating into the system. For example, as shown in the figure below, researchers can constrain the operator’s partitioning scheme to the options specified in the algo set and limit the partitioning to the number of pieces specified by num.

By setting specific constraints, experts can significantly narrow the search space, making the search process more efficient and targeted. Experiments have shown  up to 10x increase in search efficiency without compromising the effectiveness of the strategies.

This approach can uncover high-performance strategies that existing methods overlook and complete searches in a shorter time, thereby improving the efficiency of deep learning training. nnScaler has been validated in the training of multiple deep learning models, demonstrating significant performance improvements.

For more details, please refer to the nnScaler paper: https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi24/presentation/lin-zhiqi (opens in new tab)

By introducing parallel primitives and expert-guided strategy searches, nnScaler has effectively addressed many issues in the design of parallel strategies for deep learning. This method not only significantly expands the space of parallel strategies, but also provides new directions and tools for future research in parallel strategies. Researchers are eager to see this method demonstrate its potential in broader applications, bringing more possibilities to the development of deep learning.

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