presentation problem statement

How to Write a Problem Statement Slide (with Examples)

Table of contents, what is a problem statement and why is it important.

Projects should always begin with a thorough definition of the problem as a problem statement.

A problem statement is a concise description of the issue that will be addressed in a project.

It can be tempting to skip the problem statement because you’ve seen this problem before, you already know the solution, or because a stakeholder is pushing you to move faster.

However, many projects have failed because of a false assumption that everybody understands the problem. This misunderstanding is generally not identified until the project is completed and somebody is surprised by the output.

Therefore, good problem solvers take time to define the problem precisely. Then, they socialize the problem with all key stakeholders to ensure that the definition is understood and agreed upon.

Example problem statements

In a business context, problem statements may be:

• Why has revenue growth fallen from 10% in 2021 to 5% in 2022?
• How can ACME Bank increase its market share to 15% by 2025?
• Why are over 50% of customers not renewing their subscription after month 3?

Characteristics of a good problem statement

In order to ensure that your problem statement is concise and informative, it should be:

• Specific: Ensure that you constrain the scope of your problem by making the problem statement should be specific as possible, while still being informative and valuable.
• Time-bound:  Ensure that you include time constraints on your problem statement; solutions for the short term might be significantly different than solutions for the long term.
• Measurable and testable: Ensure that your problem statement is quantified, so that there are clear criteria for you to define success.

Problem statement worksheet and downloadable templates

A problem statement worksheet articulates the problem that will be addressed in the project.

It also describes how the problem came about, defines the scope and constraints of the project, and identifies key stakeholders and sources of insight.

The problem statement worksheet looks like this:

You can download this slide (and 30 others) for free below:

Download a free problem statement slide and 29 other slide templates for free

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3 Problem statement examples and steps to write your own

We’ve all encountered problems on the job. After all, that’s what a lot of work is about. Solving meaningful problems to help improve something. 

Developing a problem statement that provides a brief description of an issue you want to solve is an important early step in problem-solving .

It sounds deceptively simple. But creating an effective problem statement isn’t that easy, even for a genius like Albert Einstein. Given one hour to work on a problem, he’d spend 55 minutes thinking about the problem and five minutes finding solutions. (Or so the story goes.)

Einstein was probably exaggerating to make a point. But considering his success in solving complex problems, we think he was on to something. 

As humans, we’re wired to jump past the problem and go directly to the solution stage. In emergencies, this behavior can be lifesaving, as in leaping out of the way of a speeding car. But when dealing with longer-range issues in the workplace, this can lead to bad decisions or half-baked solutions. 

That’s where problem statements come in handy. They help to meaningfully outline objectives to reach effective solutions. Knowing how to develop a great problem statement is also a valuable tool for honing your management skills .

But what exactly is a problem statement, when should you use one, and how do you go about writing one? In this article, we'll answer those questions and give you some tips for writing effective problem statements. Then you'll be ready to take on more challenges large and small.

What is a problem statement?

First, let’s start by defining a problem statement. 

A problem statement is a short, clear explanation of an issue or challenge that sums up what you want to change. It helps you, team members, and other stakeholders to focus on the problem, why it’s important, and who it impacts. 

A good problem statement should create awareness and stimulate creative thinking . It should not identify a solution or create a bias toward a specific strategy.

Taking time to work on a problem statement is a great way to short-circuit the tendency to rush to solutions. It helps to make sure you’re focusing on the right problem and have a well-informed understanding of the root causes. The process can also help you take a more proactive than reactive approach to problem-solving . This can help position you and your team to avoid getting stuck in constant fire-fighting mode. That way, you can take advantage of more growth opportunities.  

When to use a problem statement

The best time to create a problem statement is before you start thinking of solutions. If you catch yourself or your team rushing to the solution stage when you’re first discussing a problem, hit the brakes. Go back and work on the statement of the problem to make sure everyone understands and agrees on what the real problem is. 

Here are some common situations where writing problem statements might come in handy: 

• Writing an executive summary for a project proposal or research project
• Collaborating   on a cross-functional project with several team members
• Defining the customer issue that a proposed product or service aims to solve
• Using design thinking to improve user experience
• Tackling a problem that previous actions failed to solve 

How to identify a problem statement

Like the unseen body of an iceberg, the root cause of a specific problem isn’t always obvious. So when developing a problem statement, how do you go about identifying the true, underlying problem?

These two steps will help you uncover the root cause of a problem :

• Collect information from the research and previous experience with the problem
• Talk to multiple stakeholders who are impacted by the problem

People often perceive problems differently. Interviewing stakeholders will help you understand the problem from diverse points of view. It can also help you develop some case studies to illustrate the problem. 

Combining these insights with research data will help you identify root causes more accurately. In turn, this methodology will help you craft a problem statement that will lead to more viable solutions. 

What are problem statements used for?

You can use problem statements for a variety of purposes. For an organization, it might be solving customer and employee issues. For the government, it could be improving public health. For individuals, it can mean enhancing their own personal well-being . Generally, problem statements can be used to:

• Identify opportunities for improvement
• Focus on the right problems or issues to launch more successful initiatives – a common challenge in leadership
• Help you communicate a problem to others who need to be involved in finding a solution
• Serve as the basis for developing an action plan or goals that need to be accomplished to help solve the problem
• Stimulate thinking outside the box  and other types of creative brainstorming techniques

3 examples of problem statements

When you want to be sure you understand a concept or tool, it helps to see an example. There can also be some differences in opinion about what a problem statement should look like. For instance, some frameworks include a proposed solution as part of the problem statement. But if the goal is to stimulate fresh ideas, it’s better not to suggest a solution within the problem statement. 

In our experience, an effective problem statement is brief, preferably one sentence. It’s also specific and descriptive without being prescriptive. 

Here are three problem statement examples. While these examples represent three types of problems or goals, keep in mind that there can be many other types of problem statements.        

Example Problem Statement 1: The Status Quo Problem Statement

Example: 

The average customer service on-hold time for Example company exceeds five minutes during both its busy and slow seasons.

This can be used to describe a current pain point within an organization that may need to be addressed. Note that the statement specifies that the issue occurs during the company’s slow time as well as the busy season. This is helpful in performing the root cause analysis and determining how this problem can be solved. 

The average customer service on-hold time for Example company exceeds five minutes during both its busy and slow seasons. The company is currently understaffed and customer service representatives are overwhelmed.

Background:

Example company is facing a significant challenge in managing their customer service on-hold times. In the past, the company had been known for its efficient and timely customer service, but due to a combination of factors, including understaffing and increased customer demand, the on-hold times have exceeded five minutes consistently. This has resulted in frustration and dissatisfaction among customers, negatively impacting the company's reputation and customer loyalty.

Reducing the on-hold times for customer service callers is crucial for Example company. Prolonged waiting times have a detrimental effect on customer satisfaction and loyalty, leading to potential customer churn and loss of revenue. Additionally, the company's declining reputation in terms of customer service can have a lasting impact on its competitive position in the market. Addressing this problem is of utmost importance to improve customer experience and maintain a positive brand image.

Objectives:

The primary objective of this project is to reduce the on-hold times for customer service callers at Example company. The specific objectives include:

• Analyzing the current customer service workflow and identifying bottlenecks contributing to increased on-hold times.
• Assessing the staffing levels and resource allocation to determine the extent of understaffing and its impact on customer service.
• Developing strategies and implementing measures to optimize the customer service workflow and reduce on-hold times.
• Monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of the implemented measures through key performance indicators (KPIs) such as average on-hold time, customer satisfaction ratings, and customer feedback.
• Establishing a sustainable approach to maintain reduced on-hold times, taking into account both busy and slow seasons, through proper resource planning, training, and process improvements.

Example Problem Statement 2: The Destination Problem Statement

Leaders at Example company want to increase net revenue for its premium product line of widgets by 5% for the next fiscal year. 

This approach can be used to describe where an organization wants to be in the future. This type of problem statement is useful for launching initiatives to help an organization achieve its desired state. 

Like creating SMART goals , you want to be as specific as possible. Note that the statement specifies “net revenue” instead of “gross revenue." This will help keep options open for potential actions. It also makes it clear that merely increasing sales is not an acceptable solution if higher marketing costs offset the net gains. 

Leaders at Example company aim to increase net revenue for its premium product line of widgets by 5% for the next fiscal year. However, the company currently lacks the necessary teams to tackle this objective effectively. To achieve this growth target, the company needs to expand its marketing and PR teams, as well as its product development teams, to prepare for scaling. 

Example company faces the challenge of generating a 5% increase in net revenue for its premium product line of widgets in the upcoming fiscal year. Currently, the company lacks the required workforce to drive this growth. Without adequate staff in the marketing, PR, and product development departments, the company's ability to effectively promote, position, and innovate its premium product line will be hindered. To achieve this kind of growth, it is essential that Example company expands teams, enhances capabilities, and strategically taps into the existing pool of loyal customers.

Increasing net revenue for the premium product line is crucial for Example company's overall business success. Failure to achieve the targeted growth rate can lead to missed revenue opportunities and stagnation in the market. By expanding the marketing and PR teams, Example company can strengthen its brand presence, effectively communicate the value proposition of its premium product line, and attract new customers.

Additionally, expanding the product development teams will enable the company to introduce new features and innovations, further enticing existing and potential customers. Therefore, addressing the workforce shortage and investing in the necessary resources are vital for achieving the revenue growth objective.

The primary objective of this project is to increase net revenue for Example company's premium product line of widgets by 5% in the next fiscal year. The specific objectives include:

• Assessing the current workforce and identifying the gaps in the marketing, PR, and product development teams.
• Expanding the marketing and PR teams by hiring skilled professionals who can effectively promote the premium product line and engage with the target audience.
• Strengthening the product development teams by recruiting qualified individuals who can drive innovation, enhance product features, and meet customer demands.
• Developing a comprehensive marketing and PR strategy to effectively communicate the value proposition of the premium product line and attract new customers.
• Leveraging the existing base of loyal customers to increase repeat purchases, referrals, and brand advocacy.
• Allocating sufficient resources, both time and manpower, to support the expansion and scaling efforts required to achieve the ambitious revenue growth target.
• Monitoring and analyzing key performance indicators (KPIs) such as net revenue, customer acquisition, customer retention, and customer satisfaction to measure the success of the growth initiatives.
• Establishing a sustainable plan to maintain the increased revenue growth beyond the next fiscal year by implementing strategies for continuous improvement and adaptation to market dynamics.

Example Problem Statement 3 The Stakeholder Problem Statement

In the last three quarterly employee engagement surveys , less than 30% of employees at Eample company stated that they feel valued by the company. This represents a 20% decline compared to the same period in the year prior. 

This strategy can be used to describe how a specific stakeholder group views the organization. It can be useful for exploring issues and potential solutions that impact specific groups of people. 

Note the statement makes it clear that the issue has been present in multiple surveys and it's significantly worse than the previous year. When researching root causes, the HR team will want to zero in on factors that changed since the previous year.

In the last three quarterly employee engagement surveys, less than 30% of employees at the Example company stated that they feel valued by the company. This indicates a significant decline of 20% compared to the same period in the previous year.

The company aspires to reduce this percentage further to under 10%. However, achieving this goal would require filling specialized roles and implementing substantial cultural changes within the organization.

Example company is facing a pressing issue regarding employee engagement and perceived value within the company. Over the past year, there has been a notable decline in the percentage of employees who feel valued. This decline is evident in the results of the quarterly employee engagement surveys, which consistently show less than 30% of employees reporting a sense of value by the company.

This decline of 20% compared to the previous year's data signifies a concerning trend. To address this problem effectively, Example company needs to undertake significant measures that go beyond superficial changes and necessitate filling specialized roles and transforming the company culture.

Employee engagement and a sense of value are crucial for organizational success. When employees feel valued, they tend to be more productive, committed, and motivated. Conversely, a lack of perceived value can lead to decreased morale, increased turnover rates, and diminished overall performance.

By addressing the decline in employees feeling valued, Example company can improve employee satisfaction, retention, and ultimately, overall productivity. Achieving the desired reduction to under 10% is essential to restore a positive work environment and build a culture of appreciation and respect.

The primary objective of this project is to increase the percentage of employees who feel valued by Example company, aiming to reduce it to under 10%. The specific objectives include:

• Conducting a comprehensive analysis of the factors contributing to the decline in employees feeling valued, including organizational policies, communication practices, leadership styles, and cultural norms.
• Identifying and filling specialized roles, such as employee engagement specialists or culture change agents, who can provide expertise and guidance in fostering a culture of value and appreciation.
• Developing a holistic employee engagement strategy that encompasses various initiatives, including training programs, recognition programs, feedback mechanisms, and communication channels, to enhance employee value perception.
• Implementing cultural changes within the organization that align with the values of appreciation, respect, and recognition, while fostering an environment where employees feel valued.
• Communicating the importance of employee value and engagement throughout all levels of the organization, including leadership teams, managers, and supervisors, to ensure consistent messaging and support.
• Monitoring progress through regular employee surveys, feedback sessions, and key performance indicators (KPIs) related to employee satisfaction, turnover rates, and overall engagement levels.
• Providing ongoing support, resources, and training to managers and supervisors to enable them to effectively recognize and appreciate their teams and foster a culture of value within their respective departments.
• Establishing a sustainable framework for maintaining high employee value perception in the long term, including regular evaluation and adaptation of employee engagement initiatives to address evolving needs and expectations.

What are the 5 components of a problem statement?

In developing a problem statement, it helps to think like a journalist by focusing on the five Ws: who, what, when, where, and why or how. Keep in mind that every statement may not explicitly include each component. But asking these questions is a good way to make sure you’re covering the key elements:

• Who: Who are the stakeholders that are affected by the problem?
• What: What is the current state, desired state, or unmet need? 
• When: When is the issue occurring or what is the timeframe involved?
• Where: Where is the problem occurring? For example, is it in a specific department, location, or region?
• Why: Why is this important or worth solving? How is the problem impacting your customers, employees, other stakeholders, or the organization? What is the magnitude of the problem? How large is the gap between the current and desired state? 

How do you write a problem statement?

There are many frameworks designed to help people write a problem statement. One example is outlined in the book, The Conclusion Trap: Four Steps to Better Decisions, ” by Daniel Markovitz. A faculty member at the Lean Enterprise Institute, the author uses many case studies from his work as a business consultant.

To simplify the process, we’ve broken it down into three steps:

1. Gather data and observe

Use data from research and reports, as well as facts from direct observation to answer the five Ws: who, what, when, where, and why. 

Whenever possible, get out in the field and talk directly with stakeholders impacted by the problem. Get a firsthand look at the work environment and equipment. This may mean spending time on the production floor asking employees questions about their work and challenges. Or taking customer service calls to learn more about customer pain points and problems your employees may be grappling with.    

2. Frame the problem properly  

A well-framed problem will help you avoid cognitive bias and open avenues for discussion. It will also encourage the exploration of more options.

A good way to test a problem statement for bias is to ask questions like these:

3. Keep asking why (and check in on the progress)

When it comes to problem-solving, stay curious. Lean on your growth mindset to keep asking why — and check in on the progress. 

Asking why until you’re satisfied that you’ve uncovered the root cause of the problem will help you avoid ineffective band-aid solutions.

What to avoid when writing a problem statement

When crafting a problem statement, it's essential to communicate the issue clearly and effectively. A well-formulated problem statement sets the stage for understanding and addressing the challenge at hand. However, there are common pitfalls that can undermine its clarity and purpose. Here's what you should avoid:

• Vagueness : Be specific about the problem and its context.
• Complexity : Keep the language simple and direct.
• Overgeneralization : Avoid broad statements that don’t address specific issues.
• Assumptions : Don’t presume solutions or causes without evidence.
• Jargon : Use clear, accessible language that can be understood by all stakeholders.

Refining your problem statements

When solving any sort of problem, there’s likely a slew of questions that might arise for you. In order to holistically understand the root cause of the problem at hand, your workforce needs to stay curious. 

An effective problem statement creates the space you and your team need to explore, gain insight, and get buy-in before taking action.

If you have embarked on a proposed solution, it’s also important to understand that solutions are malleable. There may be no single best solution. Solutions can change and adapt as external factors change, too. It’s more important than ever that organizations stay agile . This means that interactive check-ins are critical to solving tough problems. By keeping a good pulse on your course of action, you’ll be better equipped to pivot when the time comes to change. 

BetterUp can help. With access to virtual coaching , your people can get personalized support to help solve tough problems of the future.

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Madeline Miles

Madeline is a writer, communicator, and storyteller who is passionate about using words to help drive positive change. She holds a bachelor's in English Creative Writing and Communication Studies and lives in Denver, Colorado. In her spare time, she's usually somewhere outside (preferably in the mountains) — and enjoys poetry and fiction.

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Free Problem Statement Slide Templates: PowerPoint & Google Slides

By Kate Eby | February 24, 2024

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Write effective problem statements and create engaging presentations for stakeholders with this roundup of problem statement slide templates for PowerPoint and Google Slides. Download these free, customizable templates and edit them for your needs.

On this page, you’ll find a  project problem statement worksheet slide template , a  customer problem statement slide template , a  5 Ws product problem statement template , and more. You’ll also find tips for  writing problem statements and links to  related problem-solving templates .

Project Problem Statement Elements Slide Template

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PowerPoint | Google Slides

When to Use This Template: This template is perfect for project managers and team leaders who need to articulate the challenges and objectives of a new initiative. It provides a structured format for presenting a project's problems and requirements during planning meetings or proposal presentations. The template is particularly useful in meetings where gaining consensus or approval from decision-makers is crucial.

Notable Template Features: The template breaks down the problem, scope, objectives, benefits, and resources into clear sections, making complicated information easy to understand. This focuses the discussion and ensures that all aspects of the problem are considered. The color-coded sections also help make your presentation clearer and more appealing to stakeholders.

Three-Part Problem Statement Slide Template

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When to Use This Template: Project managers or teams can use this template to clearly communicate challenges, proposed solutions, and expected results. It serves as a foundational tool for project planning and decision-making, helping teams effectively communicate critical issues to stakeholders and align efforts toward shared objectives.

Notable Template Features: This slide template helps guide the audience from problem identification to resolution and final outcomes. The bullet points under each category allow you to list key details and focus on what matters most.

Project Problem Statement Worksheet Slide Template

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When to Use This Template:  This worksheet template is designed to clearly outline the central challenge of a new project or initiative. It provides a straightforward way to write a problem statement that is clear and actionable. Teams can use this tool at the outset of the planning stage to ensure that everyone understands the issues being addressed, the criteria for success, and the boundaries of the project.

Notable Template Features:  The template's comprehensive structure breaks down the problem statement into specific components, such as context, success criteria, stakeholders, and scope. This helps teams focus their discussions and ensure a shared understanding of the problem. Teams can also use this template in presentations to provide stakeholders with context for the problem statement.

Traffic Light Problem Statement Slide Template

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When to Use This Template: Project or product managers can use this template to present a clear problem statement in meetings or in documents. This template is particularly useful during the initial stages of project planning or when addressing project roadblocks.

Notable Template Features: The template includes sections for identifying a problem, how to solve it, and what the results should be. Each part corresponds to the colors in the traffic light graphic, which reinforces the importance of a careful approach to problem-solving.

Single-Problem Statement and Solution Slide Template

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When to Use This Template: This template is ideal for project proposals, strategy meetings, or pitches where a clearly defined problem and solution can drive decision-making. The visual juxtaposition of problems versus solutions helps stakeholders quickly grasp the core issues and the strategy for resolution.

Notable Template Features: This template has a two-column layout that visually distinguishes challenges and solutions. Each section contains placeholders for text and icons, enhancing the presentation’s visual appeal. Icons such as question and check marks guide the audience from problem to solution.

Multiple-Problem Statement and Solution Slide Template

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When to Use This Template:  Project or product managers can use this template in strategic planning sessions, problem-solving meetings, or any scenario where a clear comparative analysis is needed. The slide format, which shows each challenge next to its proposed solution, can be useful during team meetings where alignment on issues and remedies is crucial.

Notable Template Features:  This template has a two-column layout that guides the viewer from problems on the left to solutions on the right. Each problem and solution pair is clearly marked, making complex information more accessible for the audience.

Customer Problem Statement Slide Template

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When to Use This Template:  Product managers and customer service teams can use this template to break down a customer's problem into tangible parts, clarifying the issue, the attempts to resolve it, the obstacles faced, and its emotional impact. This template is particularly effective for internal presentations that aim to align team members on customer pain points and drive home the urgency of finding a solution.

Notable Template Features:  The template provides a step-by-step layout that guides the presenter through the different aspects of a customer's dilemma. Color-coded sections make the narrative easy to follow through each step of the statement. This breakdown not only captures the complexity of the issue but also fosters a deeper understanding of the problem among team members.

Circular Customer Problem Statement Slide Template

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When to Use This Template:  Use this customer problem statement template to get a full picture of a customer's issue, from who the customer is to their goals, challenges, and emotional responses. It is ideal for sessions focused on understanding and addressing customer experiences, ensuring that teams explore every facet of the problem and link it back to the customer's perspective.

Notable Template Features:  This template features a circular flow that tells the whole story of the customer’s issue, with each segment prompting a key part of the problem. Its design encourages comprehensive analysis, and the arrangement of sections ensures that thoughts flow logically. You can also customize the template to focus on the workflow around the problem or other details rather than only the customer story.

Product Problem Statement Slide Template

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When to Use This Template: Product managers can use this template to clearly articulate the problem their product aims to solve. This serves as an essential tool during the initial stages of product development or when proposing enhancements to existing products. By structuring thoughts and research systematically, this template helps managers secure stakeholder buy-in and align cross-functional teams toward a common objective.

Notable Template Features: Each section prompts users to delve deeply into understanding the problem and its potential impacts, customer value, and business significance. The template allows you to link externally to supporting documentation to show that all claims and assumptions are backed by research. The template's simple structure helps to streamline the problem-solving process, while its thoroughness makes the problem statement more compelling.

5 Ws Product Problem Statement Slide Template

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When to Use This Template: Product managers and teams can use this template to define and document the who, what, when, where, and why of a problem. This ensures that team members align on the problem before moving toward solutions, fostering a focused approach to product development.

Notable Template Features:  This template prompts users to consider all aspects of a problem statement: who it affects, what the problem is, when and where it occurs, and why it is critical to address. Each column uses color-coding and clear bullet points for organized note-taking.

How to Write a Problem Statement

A problem statement serves as the foundation for any project, ensuring that everyone involved understands the core of the problem they need to solve. Crafting a well-defined statement is crucial for guiding a team toward a solution efficiently. 

Follow these steps to create a compelling problem statement:  

• Identify the Problem: Gather information about the issue through research, observations, or discussions with stakeholders. For customer problem statements, this might include using surveys or customer service calls to gather data on customer pain points. Use templates such as the 5 Ws to thoroughly understand the who, what, when, where, and why of the problem. 
• Explain the Impact: Describe how the problem affects the organization, customers, or stakeholders. Provide data or examples to illustrate the extent of the problem's impact. 
• Analyze the Cause: Investigate and identify the root causes of the problem. Understanding why the problem exists is crucial for finding an effective solution. Keep asking why and drilling down to the root cause to ensure that your problem statement describes the core problem rather than a symptom.
• Set Objectives: Define what a successful solution would look like. Outline the desired outcome and what changes or improvements you aim to achieve. Use financial and other measurable data to illustrate the benefits of your proposed solution.
• Specify Constraints and Requirements: Highlight any limitations — such as budget, time, or resources — that could impact the solution. Also, list any necessary criteria that the solution must meet, providing measurable benchmarks for success. 
• Review and Refine: Once you draft the problem statement, review it to ensure clarity. The statement can be referenced throughout the project to keep work on track, but keep in mind that factors can change, impacting solutions and action plans. Be prepared to pivot as the project progresses.

The key to an effective problem statement lies in its clarity and precision. Keep it succinct, focused on the problem, and free of jargon to ensure that it's accessible to everyone involved. 

For more tools, see this complete collection of free problem statement templates .

How Do You Present a Problem Statement?

Presenting a problem statement is your opportunity to bring the problem to life, engage your audience, and set the stage for collaborative problem-solving. While a written problem statement can be as short as an elevator pitch, stakeholders need context to understand the significance of a problem and the reasoning behind any proposed solutions. 

Here are the elements to include in a problem statement presentation:  

• State the Problem Clearly: Present the problem statement in a clear and concise manner. Use simple language to ensure that everyone understands the issue at hand.
• Discuss Causes and Impact: Briefly introduce the background and relevance of the problem to your audience. Share your insights into the causes of the problem. This helps in building a common understanding of the problem's roots and complexity. Use data, anecdotes, or real-life examples to illustrate the significance of the problem and how it affects the organization, stakeholders, or customers.
• Clarify Outcomes: Clearly state what you aim to achieve by solving the problem. Define the desired outcomes and success criteria to give your audience a clear idea of the direction you propose. Acknowledge any limitations or specific requirements that could influence the approach to solving the problem. This transparency helps in setting realistic expectations.
• Invite Feedback: Encourage your audience to share their thoughts, questions, and suggestions. Foster an open dialogue to promote collaborative problem-solving.
• Conclude With Next Steps: End your presentation by summarizing the key points and outlining next steps to ensure everyone leaves with a clear understanding of the problem and the actions required.

Keep your presentation focused, clear, and interactive to maximize understanding and participation. The goal is not only to present a problem but to motivate and guide your audience toward finding a solution together.

Related Problem-Solving Templates

Using problem-solving templates can transform complex challenges into manageable tasks, guiding you from analysis to actionable solutions. Download one of the problem-solving templates below to clearly define problems, identify root causes, and create more successful outcomes.

Root Cause Analysis Template

This  root cause analysis template provides a comprehensive report with a list of questions to help you identify the cause of an event or issue, identify actions already taken, and recommend preventative strategies.

DMAIC Analysis Template

DMAIC stands for  define, measure, analyze, implement, and  control . This  DMAIC template takes you through this process of defining the problem, measuring its significance, analyzing factors contributing to the problem, identifying potential solutions, and planning to prevent a recurrence of the problem.

5 Whys Template

The 5 Why process is a method for investigating the root cause of a problem by asking why the issue is occurring, then repeating the question until you get to the root cause. Download this  5 Whys template to evaluate a problem and determine corrective actions.

Fishbone Diagram Template

Brainstorm the possible causes of an issue with a  fishbone diagram template. The diagram provides a visual tool for identifying cause-and-effect relationships and getting at the root of an issue.

Corrective Action Plan Template

Use this  corrective action plan template to identify problems, plan action steps to mitigate the issues, and track progress.

For more related templates, including a cause mapping template and an example report, see this full selection of  root cause analysis templates .

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How to write a problem statement slide for PowerPoint

Access step-by-step guidance and ready-to-use templates, helping you create an impactful problem statement PowerPoint template.

Bharti Jain

Building presentations

A well-crafted problem statement slide serves as the foundation of a compelling PowerPoint presentation. It sets the stage for your narrative, guiding your audience through a coherent story. This slide captures the essence of your presentation by highlighting the problem, its impact, and potential solutions. In this short article, we'll look into crafting an impactful problem statement slide, complete with example templates , to ensure your next presentation resonates effectively.

What is a problem statement?

A problem statement slide is a concise and precise way to outline the key challenge or issue your presentation seeks to address. It's the backbone of your presentation, guiding the narrative and giving the audience a clear understanding of the problem at hand. This slide plays a critical role in establishing a common ground with your audience, helping them recognize the existence and significance of the problem. Furthermore, it garners support from decision-makers, team members, or funding bodies by presenting a compelling case for why the problem needs attention and resources.

A good problem statement slide should:

• Provide a clear explanation: Offer a concise and unambiguous description of the specific issue at hand.
• Explain the significance: Highlight why the problem is critical and demands immediate attention.
• Bridge the gap: Illustrate the discrepancy between the current state and the desired state, underscoring the need for resolution.

Importance of a problem statement slide

An effective problem statement slide plays a critical role in guiding the narrative of your presentation, acting as an anchor that establishes clarity and direction. By clearly defining the issue at hand, it enables the audience to follow along seamlessly, laying the groundwork for meaningful discussion and solutions. Here's how a problem statement slide contributes to the overall success of a presentation:

• Clarity: It establishes the context, helping the audience understand the problem's relevance and ensuring they stay engaged. This clarity also reduces ambiguity, making the presentation's narrative more effective.
• Focus: It sets the stage, guiding the presentation's flow and preventing it from deviating from its intended path. This focus ensures that the discussion moves logically towards addressing the issue.
• Impact: A well-crafted problem statement creates a lasting impression, making the presentation more memorable. It also garners support from decision-makers, team members, or funding bodies by presenting a compelling case for why the problem needs attention and resources.

Problem statement elements

Identifying the problem statement

Provide a concise overview of the problem. Clearly define the problem statement, what the issue is, who it affects, and why it matters. For example:

• Issue : Outline the primary challenge or deficiency.
• Who it affects : Identify the target audience or group impacted.
• Importance : Explain why addressing this problem is crucial.

Supporting data

Use data points and statistics to support your problem statement. For example:

• Statistics : Cite relevant statistics that highlight the severity or prevalence of the problem.
• Case studies : Share specific examples or case studies that illustrate the problem in real-world contexts.

Explain the broader impact of the problem:

• Consequences : Detail the potential negative outcomes if the problem is not addressed.
• Opportunities : Highlight opportunities for improvement or innovation that can arise from solving the issue.

Solution pathway

Briefly introduce the potential solutions or approaches to tackling the problem:

• Strategies : Outline the key strategies or methods that will be explored later in the presentation.
• Goals : Define the main goals to achieve by addressing the problem

How to present a problem statement and solution? Step-by-step guide

Stages in this process starts by thoroughly investigating the problem. Gather relevant data, case studies, and expert insights to understand the issue comprehensively. This research helps in identifying the problem's root causes, its significance, and the potential impact it has on different stakeholders. By building a solid foundation of information, you can create a problem statement that is accurate and compelling, laying the groundwork for meaningful solutions.

Draft the statement

Using the information gathered, write a concise problem statement. Ensure it covers all the key components, including a clear description, supporting data, impact, and solution pathway.

Design the slide

With the problem statement drafted, focus on designing a visually appealing and informative slide:

• Visual appeal: Choose a clear, easy-to-read font and layout, ensuring the slide is engaging without being overly complex.
• Data visualization: Represent supporting data visually, using charts, graphs, or infographics to enhance understanding.
• Consistency: Maintain consistency in design, font, and color scheme with the rest of the presentation to ensure a cohesive look and feel.

Rehearse and refine

Review the slide multiple times, making necessary adjustments:

• Clarity: Ensure the statement is clear, concise, and free from jargon or unnecessary complexity. This clarity helps the audience grasp the problem quickly.
• Flow: Check that the slide flows smoothly into subsequent slides, maintaining coherence throughout the presentation.
• Audience feedback: Seek feedback from peers or mentors to refine the slide further, ensuring it resonates effectively with the intended audience.

Mistakes to be avoided while writing a problem statement pitch deck

1. being vague or too broad in defining the problem.

A vague or broad problem statement can undermine the success of your presentation. A vague statement lacks clear insights, leaving the audience unsure of the issue's significance, while a broad problem statement dilutes the effectiveness of the proposed solution by attempting to tackle multiple issues at once.

To ensure your problem statement is clear and impactful, focus on quantifiable data and narrow the scope to a single, well-defined issue. This approach helps in crafting solutions that can be effectively measured and evaluated.

Vague problem statement: The company's marketing strategies need to be more effective. We should increase customer engagement, boost sales, and improve brand recognition.

Improved problem statement: The company's online engagement rate has dropped by 25% in the past year, leading to a decrease in sales by 15%. We need to implement a targeted digital marketing campaign to increase engagement by 10% and sales by 8% over the next quarter.

By concentrating on a single, specific issue with measurable goals, your problem statement provides clarity and direction, ensuring the solutions presented are both actionable and impactful.

2. Overlooking root cause

To effectively resolve a problem, it's crucial to start by thoroughly analyzing its foundational elements. This approach provides a comprehensive understanding of the issue and its underlying causes, enabling the development of meaningful solutions. Failure to identify the root cause can lead to a superficial or ineffective problem statement, resulting in solutions that miss the mark and don't address the core issue.

Here's a fictitious template for clarity

In our fictional problem statement, several factors contribute to the escalating healthcare expenses of a hypothetical organization such as;

• The national healthcare cost inflation.
• The impact of COVID-19.
• The health status of the employees
• The absence of fitness programs for employees.

While the initial causes may be external and outside of the organization's direct control, the remaining factors can be tackled internally. By focusing on these internal issues, the organization can work to mitigate its corporate healthcare costs effectively.

3. Addressing symptoms vs. root causes

Imagine breaking your arm and relying solely on painkillers to cope with the discomfort. While this might provide immediate relief, it doesn’t address the root cause – the broken bone. For true healing, you need to visit a doctor and get a cast, allowing the bone to mend properly.

In a corporate setting, failing to tackle the underlying problem can lead to recurring challenges and inefficient resource allocation.

In our example, XYZ healthcare might opt for a new insurance partner offering better rates, temporarily reducing healthcare costs. However, a more comprehensive and sustainable solution involves implementing wellness programs and prioritizing employee health, addressing the root cause and reducing healthcare expenses in the long term.

4. Using biased or subjective language

Using biased or subjective language can distort the reality of a problem, leading to a skewed and inaccurate representation. This underlines the importance of maintaining objectivity in a problem statement, ensuring that it accurately reflects the facts and reality of the issue at hand.

Examples of problem and solution templates

Problem-solving template 1: the simple structure.

• Title: State the problem clearly.
• Description: Provide a brief overview of the problem, including who it affects and its significance.
• Data: Include a relevant statistic or case study.
• Impact: Explain the consequences and opportunities.
• Solution pathway: Introduce potential strategies.

Example of a simple structure PPT + Google slides

• Title: High Employee Turnover
• Description: Employee turnover at our company has increased by 20% in the last year, affecting our team's stability and overall productivity. This impacts the organization's ability to meet targets, retain institutional knowledge, and sustain consistent growth.
• Data: According to HR records, turnover rates in key departments such as Sales and Marketing have risen significantly, with the Sales department experiencing a 25% turnover increase and Marketing seeing a 30% increase over the past 12 months.
• Impact: The high turnover has led to delayed project timelines, increased recruitment and training costs, and decreased morale among remaining employees. It also limits the company's ability to deliver consistent results to clients, affecting client satisfaction and long-term profitability.
• Solution pathway: To address this, we propose implementing retention strategies such as enhanced employee benefits, professional development programs, and regular feedback mechanisms. These measures aim to reduce turnover rates, improve team stability, and increase overall productivity.

Problem statement template 2: The data-driven approach

• Title: Introduce the problem.
• Data visualization: Include a chart or graph to represent key statistics.
• Description: Provide additional context and analysis of the data.
• Impact: Discuss the broader implications.
• Solution pathway: Briefly outline solutions.

Example of data-driven approach PPT + Google slides

• Title: Rising Healthcare Costs in Our Organization
• Data visualization: A bar chart showing the average healthcare costs per employee over the past three years, demonstrating a steady increase from $3,000 in 2021 to $4,500 in 2023.
• Description: The chart illustrates a 50% increase in healthcare costs per employee over a three-year period. This rising trend poses a significant challenge to the organization's financial stability and impacts overall profitability.
• Impact: The increase in healthcare costs not only reduces profitability but also affects employee morale, as resources are diverted away from other initiatives, such as wellness programs or salary raises. This trend could lead to decreased employee satisfaction and retention over time.
• Solution pathway: To address this issue, we propose implementing a comprehensive wellness program aimed at improving employee health and reducing healthcare claims. Additionally, negotiating with insurance providers for better rates and reviewing internal processes to cut administrative costs can help control overall healthcare expenses.

Problem statement template 3: The narrative style

• Title: Pose the problem as a question.
• Story: Tell a brief narrative that illustrates the problem in a real-world context.
• Data: Support the story with statistics or case studies.
• Impact: Explore the potential consequences.
• Solution pathway: Suggest initial solutions.

Example of narrative style PPT + Google slides

• Title: Why are Healthcare Costs Rising for our Organization
• Story: Over the past year, our organization's healthcare expenses have seen a significant increase. Jane, a 45-year-old employee with our company for over a decade, recently experienced a serious health issue requiring extensive treatment. This treatment, coupled with ongoing medical costs for other employees, has driven up our overall healthcare expenses. Rising healthcare costs have not only impacted Jane and her colleagues but also strained the company's financial resources.
• Our organization's average healthcare claim cost per employee has increased by 50%, from $3,136.20 in 2021 to $4,704.30 in 2022.
• Employee absenteeism due to health-related issues has risen by 20% over the past year, leading to a noticeable decrease in productivity.
• Employees: Increased healthcare costs place a financial burden on our workforce, reducing their disposable income and impacting morale.
• Organization: Higher healthcare costs strain the company's budget, limiting funds available for other initiatives, and decreased productivity further hampers growth.
• Wellness program: Introducing a comprehensive wellness program to encourage healthy lifestyles, reducing the risk of health-related issues and claims.
• Insurance negotiations: Negotiating with our insurance provider to secure more favorable rates and reduce overall costs.
• Productivity initiatives: Implementing programs to support employees in managing health-related absenteeism, boosting productivity and morale.

Create the best problem statement PPT with Prezent

When crafting a compelling problem statement presentation slide, utilizing the right tools can make all the difference. Prezent offers a comprehensive solution, streamlining the process of creating impactful PowerPoint presentations. Here’s how Prezent can help you design the best problem statement slide:

Slide library: Access 35K+ slides in your company's brand-approved designs

Prezent’s Slide Library offers a diverse collection of slide templates, allowing you to choose designs that match your presentation's style. From clean, professional layouts to more detailed, data-driven designs, the Slide Library provides ample options including multiple problem statements. These powerpoint templates ensure your problem statement slide is visually appealing, consistent, and integrates seamlessly with the rest of the presentation.

Best practice library: Access 10K+ curated problem-solving slides from across the globe

The Best Practice Library offers broad access to high-quality presentation materials curated by experts, leveling the playing field for all users, including those outside the realm of management consultants. These resources cover a diverse range of roles and functions, offering an invaluable head start for your projects. Whether you're addressing a complex business problem or seeking to streamline a strategy presentation, these ready-to-use slides save time and money, ensuring your presentations are professional and effective.

Overnight presentation service: Receive designer-quality PowerPoint presentations

For time-sensitive presentations, Prezent offers the Overnight Presentations feature, allowing you to generate high-quality slides quickly. This service ensures that even under tight deadlines, you can produce impactful problem statement slides that maintain clarity, consistency, and visual appeal. Submit your request by 5:30PM (PST), include any draft files or instructions you may have and receive a highly professional pitch deck by the next business day (9:30AM PST)

In conclusion, Prezent offers a comprehensive suite of tools that streamline the process of creating problem statement slides. From automation and narrative structuring to templates and examples, Prezent provides everything needed to design a successful and impactful presentation. Checkout all the above features and more with a 14-day free trial. Schedule a demo , and speak to us to reserve 7 days extra free trial.

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How to Write a Problem Statement Slide

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How to write the perfect titles for your slides, pro tips to create an impactful employee induction presentation, powerful endings: how to conclude a presentation for maximum impact.

Picture this, you’re putting together a presentation for your company and want to ensure that it is top-notch. So, you start researching the best way to structure its content – and you find that one of the most important things you will need is a problem statement slide! 

Creating a powerful and effective presentation begins with a clear and concise problem statement. A problem statement is a concise description of the primary issue at hand for the respective startup or project. And therefore, as a presenter, one of the most important tasks for you is to define the problem that you are aiming to solve. This is precisely where the problem statement slide comes in. Not only does it provide context and purpose for your presentation, but it also helps to establish your credibility and expertise on the topic. 

There are 2 main use cases for a problem statement in a presentation:

• A pitch deck for a startup shedding light on the problem it solves
• A plan for an upcoming project informing the team members and supervisors of the problem they need to solve

In this article, we’ll show you how to write an effective problem statement slide that will make your presentation stand out and leave a lasting impression.

1. Define the problem

The first and obvious step to creating a problem statement slide is to define the problem. This step might seem trivial to many, but it is the most crucial part. It is due to the fact that you can not guide others along a path you are not aware of yourself.

Therefore, before you begin on your problem statement slide, ensure that you are thoroughly informed about the problem yourself, and in case you find some shortcomings, make sure that you cover all the bases.

2. Acknowledge the Scope of the Problem

The next step after identifying the problem is to define the scope. In other words, inform your audience about the extent of the problem. Give them detailed information about its boundaries or limits.

Complete knowledge about the extent of your problem will be the main catalyst when informing your audience about the problem. For example, you do not want the entire company working towards fixing a minor bug or dealing with a single customer. Likewise, you do not want to have a team of interns handling major decisions. Therefore, your problem statement should clearly define the extent and severity of the issue at hand, so that everyone stays on the same page.

3. Clarity and Brevity

Don’t try to pack too much information into this one slide. Reserve it just for the core of your issue, with no bells and whistles. The key aspect of proper communication is to use clear and concise language. And in order to get your audience directly involved with your intention, avoid the use of jargon and technical terms that might be confusing or off-putting. 

Instead, use simple, straightforward language that is easy to understand and remember. It is also important to keep your problem statement brief and to the point. Focus on the most important points and leave room for further explanation and discussion in the rest of your presentation.

4. Provide Context

You have talked about the problem and the scope of the problem and have done so in clear words. What can you do now to make the problem truly stick with them? Give them the proper context.

To your audience, a simple and cold problem statement without context would not be worth their time and attention unless they are given a strong reason. We, as humans, respond to emotions. Thus, in order to make a truly impactful and persuasive problem statement, you must include the relevant context and backstory to connect with the audience.

We would like to sign off with this; the problem statement slide is a crucial element of any successful presentation. By taking the time to clearly identify and define the problem, using concise and straightforward language, and providing the relevant context, you will be well on your way to crafting a compelling and effective problem statement slide.

Feel free to drop any feedback in the comments below, and all the best for your next presentation!

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Problem Statement

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Have you asked yourself the question of how to set the task? Are you familiar with the SMART concept? You should clearly know the answers to the following questions – what needs to be done, how it needs to be done, and who can do it. The correct description of the problem is already half of its solution. To solve this problem, we specially developed the Problem Statement Template. This template will help solve your problem with the correct formulation of the problem.

What features and tools do this template provide for the user? Let’s look at them in more detail and analyze a few slides of this presentation. The first slide is divided into two equal parts. In the first part, we can describe what we need to solve and what problems we encountered. This section accurately describes its title, What are the challenges? The second section is titled What is your solution? Here we describe ways to solve the problem. To enhance the effect of perception of the information under each of the sections are quite large drawings. They symbolize questions and answers to them. The second slide immediately focuses our attention on the hand with a magnifying glass. Thanks to this, the audience perceives the information on the slide as carefully worked out. On each side, there are blocks in which we can describe the problem and its solutions. The third slide is presented in the form of a so-called timeline – a problem, solution, result. A small block is placed above each of the infographic icons for a brief description. This slide very clearly demonstrates the sequence of actions and the final result. We recommend it for use in your report. The next slide consists of “three speedometers”. Each of them has several colors on its own scale. These colors can be changed.   For example, in the first place to put red color and its shades and further change moving to yellow, and then green. Ready set Go. Below are the pie charts. They can be used to represent strengths or project readiness as a percentage. Visually, this is very well accepted by the audience and it is easier for it to understand the data, which are presented in percent. The presentation is intuitive to fill out the information and does not require in-depth knowledge of PowerPoint. Visualization tools are diverse and enough to build a good presentation.

The colors used in the problem statement template are bright and clear. They attract the attention of the audience to the problem that is described in the presentation. The presence of speedometer charts enhances the overall impression of the presentation. Black colors on the first two slides add confidence that the speaker knows the problem thoroughly and understands how to solve it. The light background gives the presentation a business style. We are sure that the problem statement template will help you solve any difficult tasks.

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• How to Write a Problem Statement | Guide & Examples

How to Write a Problem Statement | Guide & Examples

Published on November 6, 2022 by Shona McCombes and Tegan George. Revised on November 20, 2023.

A problem statement is a concise and concrete summary of the research problem you seek to address. It should:

• Contextualize the problem. What do we already know?
• Describe the exact issue your research will address. What do we still need to know?
• Show the relevance of the problem. Why do we need to know more about this?
• Set the objectives of the research. What will you do to find out more?

Table of contents

When should you write a problem statement, step 1: contextualize the problem, step 2: show why it matters, step 3: set your aims and objectives.

Problem statement example

Other interesting articles

Frequently asked questions about problem statements.

There are various situations in which you might have to write a problem statement.

In the business world, writing a problem statement is often the first step in kicking off an improvement project. In this case, the problem statement is usually a stand-alone document.

In academic research, writing a problem statement can help you contextualize and understand the significance of your research problem. It is often several paragraphs long, and serves as the basis for your research proposal . Alternatively, it can be condensed into just a few sentences in your introduction .

A problem statement looks different depending on whether you’re dealing with a practical, real-world problem or a theoretical issue. Regardless, all problem statements follow a similar process.

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The problem statement should frame your research problem, giving some background on what is already known.

Practical research problems

For practical research, focus on the concrete details of the situation:

• Where and when does the problem arise?
• Who does the problem affect?
• What attempts have been made to solve the problem?

Theoretical research problems

For theoretical research, think about the scientific, social, geographical and/or historical background:

• What is already known about the problem?
• Is the problem limited to a certain time period or geographical area?
• How has the problem been defined and debated in the scholarly literature?

The problem statement should also address the relevance of the research. Why is it important that the problem is addressed?

Don’t worry, this doesn’t mean you have to do something groundbreaking or world-changing. It’s more important that the problem is researchable, feasible, and clearly addresses a relevant issue in your field.

Practical research is directly relevant to a specific problem that affects an organization, institution, social group, or society more broadly. To make it clear why your research problem matters, you can ask yourself:

• What will happen if the problem is not solved?
• Who will feel the consequences?
• Does the problem have wider relevance? Are similar issues found in other contexts?

Sometimes theoretical issues have clear practical consequences, but sometimes their relevance is less immediately obvious. To identify why the problem matters, ask:

• How will resolving the problem advance understanding of the topic?
• What benefits will it have for future research?
• Does the problem have direct or indirect consequences for society?

Finally, the problem statement should frame how you intend to address the problem. Your goal here should not be to find a conclusive solution, but rather to propose more effective approaches to tackling or understanding it.

The research aim is the overall purpose of your research. It is generally written in the infinitive form:

• The aim of this study is to determine …
• This project aims to explore …
• This research aims to investigate …

The research objectives are the concrete steps you will take to achieve the aim:

• Qualitative methods will be used to identify …
• This work will use surveys to collect …
• Using statistical analysis, the research will measure …

The aims and objectives should lead directly to your research questions.

Learn how to formulate research questions

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You can use these steps to write your own problem statement, like the example below.

Step 1: Contextualize the problem A family-owned shoe manufacturer has been in business in New England for several generations, employing thousands of local workers in a variety of roles, from assembly to supply-chain to customer service and retail. Employee tenure in the past always had an upward trend, with the average employee staying at the company for 10+ years. However, in the past decade, the trend has reversed, with some employees lasting only a few months, and others leaving abruptly after many years.

Step 2: Show why it matters As the perceived loyalty of their employees has long been a source of pride for the company, they employed an outside consultant firm to see why there was so much turnover. The firm focused on the new hires, concluding that a rival shoe company located in the next town offered higher hourly wages and better “perks”, such as pizza parties. They claimed this was what was leading employees to switch. However, to gain a fuller understanding of why the turnover persists even after the consultant study, in-depth qualitative research focused on long-term employees is also needed. Focusing on why established workers leave can help develop a more telling reason why turnover is so high, rather than just due to salaries. It can also potentially identify points of change or conflict in the company’s culture that may cause workers to leave.

Step 3: Set your aims and objectives This project aims to better understand why established workers choose to leave the company. Qualitative methods such as surveys and interviews will be conducted comparing the views of those who have worked 10+ years at the company and chose to stay, compared with those who chose to leave.

If you want to know more about the research process , methodology , research bias , or statistics , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.

Methodology

• Sampling methods
• Simple random sampling
• Stratified sampling
• Cluster sampling
• Likert scales
• Reproducibility

 Statistics

• Null hypothesis
• Statistical power
• Probability distribution
• Effect size
• Poisson distribution

Research bias

• Optimism bias
• Cognitive bias
• Implicit bias
• Hawthorne effect
• Anchoring bias
• Explicit bias

Once you’ve decided on your research objectives , you need to explain them in your paper, at the end of your problem statement .

Keep your research objectives clear and concise, and use appropriate verbs to accurately convey the work that you will carry out for each one.

I will compare …

All research questions should be:

• Focused on a single problem or issue
• Researchable using primary and/or secondary sources
• Feasible to answer within the timeframe and practical constraints
• Specific enough to answer thoroughly
• Complex enough to develop the answer over the space of a paper or thesis
• Relevant to your field of study and/or society more broadly

Research objectives describe what you intend your research project to accomplish.

They summarize the approach and purpose of the project and help to focus your research.

Your objectives should appear in the introduction of your research paper , at the end of your problem statement .

Your research objectives indicate how you’ll try to address your research problem and should be specific:

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Problem Statement Worksheet

Managing Editor September 13, 2018

A problem statement is a clear description of the problem you are trying to solve, and is typically most effective stated as a question. Problem statements are subtly critical in effective problem solving . They have an uncanny ability in focusing the efforts of brainstorming , teamwork, and projects .

To get you going on Problem Statements, download the Problem Statement PowerPoint Worksheet.

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Problem Representation

• by Ankit Bansal
• June 12, 2022 June 12, 2022

Clinical Reasoning Corner: Problem Representation

By: Marcela A. de Oliveira Santana and Franco Murillo

Reviewed by: Jack Penner

Welcome back, Clinical Problem Solvers!

Today we are going to talk about the Problem Representation. Let’s go!

Objectives:

Define Problem Representation

Describe the core components of a Problem Representation 

Summarize the value of the Problem Representation during the clinical reasoning process

Create a Problem Representation based on data from a clinical case

So, what exactly is a Problem Representation?

A problem representation (PR, or Summary Statement) is an evolving, concise summary that highlights the defining features of a case , helping clinicians generate a focused differential diagnosis and identify the next steps in diagnosis and treatment.  

For those who like to use Twitter, you can ask yourself: What if I had to summarize this case and only had one tweet to do it?

The problem representation during the clinical reasoning process

The PR is linked to hypothesis-generation and can act as a guide during the diagnostic journey. It allows clinicians to distill the case into its most relevant features, which facilitates efficient diagnostic schema and illness script selection. As a teaching tool, it helps learners practice identifying key and differentiating case details as they practice and narrate their  clinical reasoning. 

To create a problem representation you need to be able to abstract critical information from a clinical scenario using semantic qualifiers; for example, young/old, constant/recurrent, diffuse/localized, mild/moderate/severe, and acute/subacute/chronic. By extracting key case details and translating them into generalizable terms, you can more effectively link the case in front of you to your own bank of diagnostic schemas and illness scripts. This will help you identify what new data you need to collect to support or falsify your diagnostic hypotheses.

One more important point: the problem representation is dynamic. It can and should evolve as you gather new information.

Let’s look at a few strategies for constructing a Problem Representation:

Try to answer 3 main questions in your PR: Who? When? What?

Who is the patient? 

Relevant demographics, epidemiology, and risk factors

When did this happen? 

The temporal pattern of the illness – the duration (hyperacute, acute, subacute, or chronic) and tempo (stable, progressive, fluctuating)

What is the clinical syndrome?

 Key signs, symptoms, and differentiating features of the clinical syndrome.

Exclude extraneous information – Example: In a patient presenting with fever, cough, and shortness of breath, their history of chronic knee osteoarthritis does not belong in the PR.

Consider what information we need to keep in the background of our mind, not in the initial PR – Example: In a patient presenting with fevers and joint pain, you may not initially include that they have cats/dogs in your PR. However, this may become relevant if you discover in the workup that they have an aortic valve vegetation and negative blood cultures (i.e., culture negative endocarditis). At that point in the case, their exposure to cats can help frame the probability of different organisms that cause culture-negative endocarditis, making it a useful part of your PR. 

We often have to pick and choose what to include to avoid overloading the one-liner. The information we include should help us frame someone’s clinical syndrome (e.g., including risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the PR for someone with chest pain). 

It is important to understand that each clinician will have their own approach to PR. We should learn that PRs are not “right or wrong”. They can be “better” when all relevant attributes are addressed using the appropriate semantic qualifiers for the specific clinical problem.

Let’s see an example to illustrate what we learned:

You are at the emergency department evaluating a middle-aged male. He reports 3 days of headache, myalgia, and fever. When you hear these initial symptoms, you may not be able to select an illness script because many diseases present with “headache, myalgia, and fever.” However, you can choose between those symptoms and activate the most useful schema to start your diagnostic process. For example, you may start with a fever schema, such as “Fever – Overview” or “Fever – Path to inflammation ,” and then examine what diseases on those lists can also present with myalgias and headache, 

At this time, your initial PR could be: “A middle-aged male presenting with acute fever associated with headache and myalgia.”

One day later the patient also develops a rash. At this time, you might want to activate another schema, for example, “Fever + Rash” . His past medical history is significant for hypertension and diabetes mellitus. He lives with his wife and 2 cats. He was traveling to Brazil last week to visit some friends, giving you an important clue about the patient’s epidemiological risk and prompting you to think about a new schema: “Fever in a Returning Traveler”. 

His labs show leukopenia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia.  

At this moment, you can go back to your PR: 

“A middle-age male with HTN, diabetes, and recent travel to Brazil presenting with acute headache, myalgia, fever, and rash and found to have leukopenia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia”

Our PR helped us select two schemas (Fever in a Returning Traveler and Fever + Rash). We can look for diseases that may be present in one or both schemas to help identify which illness scripts to compare against the patient’s script.  In this case, we see that Dengue is a differential diagnosis present in both the schemas. You compare the PR with the illness script for Dengue and notice that they match, guiding you to order the confirmatory exams for the final diagnosis. 

“A middle-age male with HTN, diabetes, and recent travel to Brazil presenting with acute headache, myalgia, fever, and rash and found to have leukopenia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia. A positive NS1 test result confirmed the final diagnosis of Dengue.”

That covers it, Clinical Problem Solvers! Don’t forget to check the Clinical Reasoning BootCamp VMR episode about the problem representation and see a great example of how the problem representation evolves during the case presentation!

A problem representation is a summary that highlights the defining features of a case and will guide you through the clinical reasoning process

It allows clinicians to use pattern recognition to quickly develop a differential diagnosis and allows learners to develop their reasoning skills.

The problem representation is dynamic. It would evolve as soon as you get clinically relevant information.

When you are making a problem representation try to answer 3 main questions: Who? When? What?

References:  

Problem Representation Overview. CLINICAL REASONING EXERCISES. JGIM. https://www.sgim.org/web-only/clinical-reasoning-exercises/problem-representation-overview#  

Diagnostic Schema. CLINICAL REASONING EXERCISES. JGIM. https://www.sgim.org/web-only/clinical-reasoning-exercises/diagnostic-schema#  

• Principles and Practice of Case-based Clinical Reasoning Education A Method for Preclinical Students by Olle ten Cate, Eugène J.F.M. Custers, Steven J. Durning (eds.)
• Denise M. Connor. Key Clinical Reasoning Concepts. Developing Medical Educators of the 21st Century, San Francisco, CA . Feb 25-27,2019. https://meded21.ucsf.edu/sites/g/files/tkssra796/f/wysiwyg/W04%20Handout.pdf  
• Martin M, Sedighi Manesh R, Henderson MC, Critchfield JM. Diagnostic Scheming. J Gen Intern Med. 2015;30(12):1874-1878. doi:10.1007/s11606-015-3478-0
• Minter DJ, Manesh R, Cornett P, Geha RM. Putting Schemas to the Test: An Exercise in Clinical Reasoning. J Gen Intern Med. 2018;33(11):2010-2014. doi:10.1007/s11606-018-4599-z

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Problem Statement and Solution

Effectively communicating the core problem is of utmost importance when presenting proposals, projects, or ideas to stakeholders, team members, or clients. To assist you in presenting your problem statements with clarity, we have created the Problem Statement Template for PowerPoint and Google Slides. Using this deck, you can depict the problem, its implications, and potential solutions in a visually appealing and compelling manner.

This deck is tailored to meet the needs of various users across different domains. Whether you're a business professional presenting proposals or a project manager communicating project challenges, this PPT is your go-to solution for effectively conveying problem statements. Marketing professionals can leverage the set to depict the problem statement and how their products address it. With its visually appealing and compelling design, the deck captivates your audience's attention while guiding them through the core problem and its consequences. The user-friendly customization ensures that everyone can effortlessly adapt the presentation to suit their unique requirements.

The slide deck features a minimalistic and creative design with an eye-catching color scheme. The deck is thoughtfully structured, allowing your audience to easily grasp the content. 

Inclusions of the Template

• An exceptional question mark infographic accompanied by relevant icons depicts the problem statement.
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• A large circle diagram depicts the core problem statement, and small circles highlight associated problems.
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• A beautiful process diagram showcases how to write a problem statement.
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• A graphic displays the problem path and four amazing ways of achieving solutions.
• A well-designed graphic highlights different components of a problem statement.
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• The PPT template guarantees exceptional quality and ensures excellent visibility on screens of all sizes.
• Once downloaded, you'll have unlimited access to the set, allowing you to use it for multiple presentations.
• Present with confidence, knowing there are no copyright concerns associated with using this deck.
• Our dedicated team is available 24/7 to promptly address any queries or concerns, providing you with a seamless experience.

Unlock the power of clear and impactful communication by leveraging this PPT. Download this versatile set of slides today and streamline your presentations! 

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Problem Statements are statements that can help business consultants to define and analyze problems. In presentations, problem statement slides help to present these topics and the stakeholders to visualize and understand what are the problems causing a particular situation, and then take corrective actions or define initiatives to find the solutions to these problems.

Using the problem statement slides and presentation templates, individuals and consultants can make compelling presentations on decision-making and root cause analysis in PowerPoint.

Checking out our collection of problem statement slides for PowerPoint and Google Slides, consultants and individuals working on problem definitions can prepare stunning business presentations to stay on top of business problems.

With our 100% editable slides, and fully compatible with Google Slides and PowerPoint, use our Problem Statement presentation templates to creat impactful presentations to effectively manage problems within your organization.

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Problem Statement PowerPoint & Google Slides Presentation Templates

Corrective action is only possible when problems have been identified and assessed thoroughly. Problems statement PPTs help in this process by highlighting the background as-well-as reasons for such issues. To stay on top of your business problems, download our collection of problem statement PowerPoint templates and various other problem statement slides. These problem statement slide templates are 100% customizable, fully integrated with PowerPoint and Google Slides, and will be a great addition to your presentation.

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Key Issues And Opportunities 2 PowerPoint Template

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Groan Zone PowerPoint Template

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What is a problem statement template.

A problem statement is a concise summary of a matter that needs to be resolved, a condition that needs to be improved, or a problem. Making a problem-solving PPT template would enable you to pinpoint the discrepancy between a process or product’s desired state or aim and the present state or problem.

Why Do We Write A Problem Statement Report?

We write a problem statement report to highlight the issues being faced by a specific business or project. A problem statement PPT is a short, clear, and concise explanation of that specific issue or problem whose solution needs to be addressed.You can provide a roadmap for identifying potential solutions once you have discussed the problem in the Problem Statement PowerPoint template.

How Do You Present A Problem Statement Slide In PPT?

You can present your problem statement PowerPoint slide with these following steps:

• The title slide of your problem statement presentation should be crisp and should give you a brief overview of the problem.
• Always provide a background for the solution of the problem in the form of statistics or visual aids like charts and graphs.
• Clearly define the problem statement and why it is important to be addressed. This should include a specific and measurable problem statement that identifies the key issue to be addressed.
• Illustrate the problem with visuals such as charts, graphs, or PowerPoint images.
• Lastly, offer potential solutions to the problem in the form of maybe a roadmap template of the next steps to be taken.

How Do You Write A Problem Statement Slide?

You can consider the following points when writing a Problem Statement PPT:

• Identify the problem
• Provide context
• State the problem statement
• Illustrate the problem
• Explain the consequences
• Present a solution.

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Effective Problem Statement PPT Template and Google Slides

Three Noded Problem Statement PPT Slide

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How to Present AI Project Proposal Professionally

• August 15, 2024
• IT, AI & Data Analytics , Sales Pitch

Are you looking for ways to pitch or explain an Artificial Intelligence technology project to a customer? Such IT projects involving generative AI implementation or machine learning models often require going beyond a classical sales presentation structure – from problem to solution. Usually, you need also to add an explanation of AI technology and the steps of its application in the client’s business.

Due to the higher complexity of the presentation task, a visual way to explain concepts and processes is used. Get inspired by such a project pitch presentation ideas we share below.

Structure of AI project proposal

Typical Artificial Intelligence technology project pitch presentation will include the following topics:

• Problem statement and solution proposal. It is good to include also expected business outcomes
• AI project description with a possible overview of the Machine Learning methodology applied 
• AI implementation process with project calendar, milestones roadmap
• Pricing of the AI project
• Info about the provider of AI solution: team, their skills, portfolio of clients
• Executive summary to wrap up the key message and a call to action.

Let us show you presentation slide examples covering those topics.

Get all the graphics presented here – click on the slide pictures to see and download the source illustration. Check the full AI Project Proposal Presentation (PPT Template)

Start with defining a problem you want to solve

A good sales pitch includes research before the meeting with your client. Its goal is to identify and understand the challenges your potential client faces.

The pre-sales analysis outcomes should be a clear problem statement you can present during the AI project proposal meeting.  You can support the pitch intro by presenting trends and market facts that are relevant to the client’s business area.

After that you can start presenting an opportunity that AI technology can offer , addressing the problem identified above. 

How to present those areas (problem statement, facts, opportunity) on a slide in visual way? 

If those blocks contain more text, not only a few keywords, you can create separate shapes for each of them and show them one by one, for example adding a simple animation revealing the content of those blocks, as you speak. 

Good slide design practice is adding color coding for main concepts or stages. See how we applied it on a slide below. We used yellow for the problem statement (as a warning color) and green for the facts, to support making decisions based on facts.

Look at the icons we integrated into the design, they express headers’ topics and add associations. 

Define the  outcome of the AI project

Crucial part of AI project pitch presentation is ensure client understands outcomes and benefits. Spend some time explaining the expected business effects of the AI project. Try to be as specific as possible. You can use the SMART formula to present outcomes as:

• Specific – avoid vague descriptions. Clearly define what the project result will be.
• Measurable – The outcome should be quantifiable with some metrics. 
• Achievable – with realistic goals given the resources you have available.
• Relevant – aligned with the client’s business objectives. 
• Timely – contains a clear end date.

Example SMART Statements of AI project outcomes

For a case of medical image classification by Machine Learning models:

“Increase the accuracy of the disease recognition from 80% to 90% within the next quarter using image recognition by training new machine learning model”

Another example of SMART objective for a chatbot powered by generative AI application such as ChatGPT:

“Reduce the chatbot’s response time from 10 seconds to 2 seconds by optimizing the underlying natural language processing model by the end of the year to enhance user satisfaction and engagement.”

You can present such project outcomes using a slide layout like the one below. Notice the green bar we used to show the Outcome as it will positively impact the project. We also added a goal icon that symbolizes text written on the header.  Additionally, picture with AI and created by AI gives a feeling of the topic.

Present AI modelling process and its elements

Implementing such a project is not a trivial process, book some time to explain the stages of the project. Make your audience understand that before the final application of the AI model, there are other steps to be done, that take most of the project time and costs. 

Projects involving building a machine learning model rely heavily on quality data resources. Those data usually need to be explored, captured, and properly prepared (cleaned, preprocessed). Building the AI model itself requires algorithm selection, training and evaluation. Only then a model can be deployed and integrated. 

To explain all those AI model development steps visually put them in a block diagram like the one below. 

We used 3 groups and added different colors to each, to distinguish resources, technology and outcomes. The gray background adds an additional clasp. The three main headers of the process have been placed on the most intensive backgrounds to show their importance and attract at first sight. Visualization by icons helps to add associations of the main elements. 

Visualize stages of AI model development

If the those technical details of the project is not needed or your audience is already familiar with them, focus only on showing more generalized stages of the AI model development. 

You can underline the iterative nature of the ML model application – that the model needs to be monitored for quality and eventually updated over time. 

See the slide below for how you can visually present such a process. Notice how simple icon symbols and graphical consistency created elegant, clean infographics. 

Present time plan of AI solution implementation 

After you present a process of how the Artificial Intelligence model is implemented, show also the timeline of the AI project full implementation. This is a key information a customer is interested in – how long it will take. 

Below we share two examples how you can present monthly time plan. The first slide shows AI model timeline with details of project stages: 

The second presentation example shows more generic roadmap  with project milestones. You can use literally the metaphor of a road and milestone points. 

Presenting AI project costs

Another important information a client is looking for is the cost of the AI project. 

Building a Machine Learning model will be rather a more complex project where the cost is composed of several parts. Therefore you may want to present the pricing of specific project elements including:

• Initial analysis phase
• Building POC – Proof of concept or MVP project
• Implementing the main project after you get GO following the POC phase
• Additional expenses such as travel costs, documentation
• AI Model monitoring and maintenance

Such pricing information is usually presented as a table. See how you can visualize a project costs table in a way that is readable and elegant at the same time. Table content can be simply copied from Excel and on top of that we added a few custom shapes to create a consistent design with the rest of the proposal presentation.

What to present in About Us section? AI experience? Team?

An important part of the pitch presentation is building credibility of you as an AI project provider. Usually, there will be a section about you as a company. 

Presenting you as a credible project provider can build on those areas

• what is the company experience and background – history, certificates, past projects and other achievements
• talk about your clients from the past and share their testimonials , if you have them
• present project team and skills of the key persons – project manager, analysts, data scientists, programmers, if they are part of the project

If you have more clients to show, such a list can be grouped by industry, for example. Or select only the industry that is the most relevant for your audience.

See how we designed such a slide covering clients and references. We embedded content visually with two testimonials – notice a “quote” icon that quickly expresses this is a quotation, without need to write it. 

Afterwards you can start presenting a specific AI project you did and present it as a separate case study slide. 

The closer the case study is to your current pitch context, the better. However, I know it’s not always easy to get approval to share specific data of other clients. Therefore, a certain level of generalization is expected. But usually, there is a bunch of public information such as the client’s market and the client’s operations area.

Below is an example of a template slide presenting an AI project case study. If you have longer block of text on a slide, try to select a key 3 to 5 points and highlight them visually. 

Closing the pitch presentation – executive summary and call to action

I would suggest ending your project proposal pitch with a summary of the main points and underlining your USP – Unique Selling Proposition. Add to USP information what makes you stand out from other AI providers, what are your strong points, and what sets you apart from potential competitors. 

Presenting such information can be done with a set of bullet-points. Or put each point in a separate graphical shape, if you have only a few of them.

Here’s an example of an executive summary slide with more space for text, that can be also send to the client after the meeting to be read.

Important part of closing slides is having a clear Call to Action statement. You can write it down on a slide or present verbally, but don’t leave the meeting without mentioning what are expected next steps. Possible call to actions would be:

• asking to close the sale – requesting approval of the whole AI project proposal
• agreement to do some initial project steps e.g. Proof of Concept, or feasibility analysis
• getting at least feedback on the proposal, what client likes and what are the concerns
• opening a discussion on cooperation possibilities

Design tips to present AI project proposal in an impactful way

If you want to present an AI project proposal in consistent way, keep in mind a few design rules that will help you to create a professionally looking presentation:

• Make sure all your slides are consistent in colors, fonts, and shapes.
• Use a highlight color to emphasize key points and headlines.
• Keep the layout simple and clean.
• Enrich your data with icons – properly chosen icons can nicely reflect the meaning of your content.
• Adjust and customize tables and data charts for clear structure and readability.

I’m sure you can make a stunning presentation and overall impression with these design rules.

Resources: AI Project Proposal Presentation (PPT Template)

If you want to save time creating a Project AI presentation, you can reuse the slides from the examples above.  The full presentation is available in the infoDiagram collection of PPT graphics:

To try out how those PPT diagrams work, get  a sample of free PowerPoint diagrams .

Check other blog articles with more slide visualization examples:

• Explaining Data Science by Icons in your PowerPoint
• Present an Artificial Intelligence Story with Compelling Graphics

How to Present AI Concepts and ChatGPT AI Technology Visually

infoDiagram Co-founder, Visual Communication Expert

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Tim Walz's military record: What to know about potential VP's National Guard service

Democratic presidential candidate Kamala Harris selected Minnesota Governor Tim Walz as her running mate on Tuesday, choosing a progressive yet plain-spoken VP candidate from America’s heartland to help her win over rural, white voters.

“I’m pleased to share that I’ve made my decision: Minnesota Governor Tim Walz will join our campaign as my running mate,” Harris said via text to supporters. “Tim is a battle-tested leader who has an incredible track record of getting things done for Minnesota families. I know that he will bring that same principled leadership to our campaign, and to the office of the vice president.”

We look at Walz, a 60-year-old U.S. Army National Guard veteran, and his military career over the years.

More: Tim Walz is Kamala Harris' VP pick: Minnesota governor named running mate: Live updates

How long was Walz in the military?

Walz served in the military for 24 years, enlisting in the Nebraska National Guard at 17 in 1981 and then transferring to the Minnesota National Guard in 1996. He retired in 2005 to begin his successful run for the U.S. House, representing Minnesota as command sergeant major, among the highest ranks for enlisted soldiers. His battalion went on to deploy to Iraq shortly after Walz's retirement.

Walz specialized in heavy artillery and had proficiency ribbons in sharpshooting and hand grenades.

But during the 21 years that Walz spent working with large artillery pieces, he suffered hearing loss and tinnitus in both ears, Minnesota Public Radio reported. He was allowed to continue his service after undergoing surgery, which partially resolved his hearing loss.

Where did Walz serve, and what did he do in the National Guard?

During his service, Walz responded to natural disasters, including floods and tornadoes in Minnesota and Nebraska, and was deployed overseas for months at a time, according to MPR.

In 2003, he was sent to Italy, where he served with the European Security Force to support the war in Afghanistan. He was also stationed in Norway for joint training with other NATO militaries.

Walz told MPR that he reenlisted in the National Guard after the September 11 attacks but never saw active combat in his years in the military.

Stars and Stripes reported in 2020 that Walz credited his Army experience with helping him steer Minnesota through the COVID-19 pandemic as governor.

As governor of Minnesota, Walz is commander in chief of the 13,000-soldier Minnesota National Guard. “I’m certainly proud of my military service, but it’s one piece of me,” he told Minnesota Public Radio in 2018. “It doesn’t define me.”

Reuters and USA TODAY reporter Tom Vanden Brook contributed to this story.