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How to use a USB flash drive for PowerPoint presentations

Wondering how to use a USB flash drive for PowerPoint presentations? If you need to make a presentation, it’s a good idea to bring along a USB flash drive, available from stores like  Amazon   (aff). Whether it’s your main way of connecting to the presentation or a backup plan, having a one of these inexpensive devices can reduce stress.

Many presenters like to bring their own computer and simply plug it into the existing projector when they meet with a client, speak at an event or give a lecture. But you may arrive only to find out that you need a special cord, that the promised cord isn’t working or that no one knows quite how to change the custom setup. Some organizations may have rules about who can touch the equipment.

For good measure, you may want to email yourself and the client copies of the presentation. With cloud-based email, you can simply log in and retrieve the presentation if neither your computer nor your USB flash drive turn out to work.

In any case, figuring out how to use a USB flash drive for your presentation in PowerPoint or other applications makes sense. You don’t want to be scrambling at the last minute if you’re asked to speak or present. After all, speaking can help build your expert status .

Here’s how to use a USB flash drive for PowerPoint presentations….

Step by step guide to how to use a USB flash drive for PowerPoint presentations

• Prepare your presentation files . If you know for sure that PowerPoint or your presentation software will be available on the other computer, you can just bring along the raw files. However, because of version problems or even potential problems with transferring the file, it’s probably best to save your presentation as a .exe file, so that it can run on its own, without any external software.
• Insert the USB drive into your computer, using the USB port.
•   Transfer the PowerPoint or other presentation to your USB flash drive. It should show up as one of your available drives. You can either transfer the file by copying it or you can open the presentation and “save as” to your flash drive. If you’re using an .exe file, be sure to include everything you need.
• Open the USB drive using your file management software (e.g. Windows Explorer). Make sure the file is on the drive. Open it and make sure it works properly.
• Eject the USB drive . If you are using Windows, you should see an icon on the bottom of your screen. On a Mac, drag the drive to the trash.
• At the client site, insert the USB drive and open the file.
• For stability, you may wish to transfer the file to the client’s computer . USB drives run more slowly and may be less stable. However, many people run presentations right from the drive.
• When you’re done, don’t forget to eject the USB drive and take the file home with you. If you transferred a file to the client’s computer, you may also wish to delete it.
• If your files are sensitive, you may wish to encrypt them with a password .

Any tips to share? Learning how to prepare your flash drive for a presentation the first time may take a little patience, but you should get the hang of it and be able to do it with ease in future. Presenting helps build your credibility and feeling confident with tech will help.

Build  credibility with a solid plan for your consulting fees. Order my book, Consulting Fees: A Guide for Independent Consultant s.

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Unlock your presentation potential: explore our collection of professionally crafted free and premium powerpoint templates and backgrounds for instant download.

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Choose and download Usb PowerPoint templates , and Usb PowerPoint Backgrounds in just a few minutes. And with amazing ease of use, you can transform your "sleep-inducing" PowerPoint presentation into an aggressive, energetic, jaw-dropping presentation in nearly no time at all. These from free or premium Usb PowerPoint Templates and Backgrounds are a great choice for a wide variety of presentation needs.

Our Free and Premium PowerPoint Templates are "pre-made" presentation shells. All graphics, typefaces, and colors have been created and are pre-set by an expert graphic designer. You simply insert your text. That's it!

Free vs. Premium Usb PowerPoint Presentation Templates

PoweredTemplate offers a wide range of free Usb PowerPoint Presentation Templates. You can find them by filtering by “Free”, from the “Filters” option on the site, on the top left corner of the screen after you search. This content is completely free of charge.

If you download our free Usb PowerPoint templates as a free user, remember that you need to credit the author by including a credits slide or add an attribution line “Designed by PoweredTemplate”, clearly and visibly, somewhere in your final presentation.

PoweredTemplate also offers premium PowerPoint templates, which are available only to Premium users. There is no difference in product quality between free and premium Usb PowerPoint Presentation Templates.

Best Usb PowerPoint Templates

Are you looking for professionally designed, pre-formatted Usb PowerPoint templates so you can quickly create presentations? You've come to the right place - PoweredTemplate has created these templates with professionals in mind. At PoweredTemplates, we understand how busy you are and how you love to save time.

That's why we've created a set of PowerPoint design templates with an Usb theme. These Usb PowerPoint templates are a great choice for a wide variety of presentation needs. Spend your time wisely - download the Usb PowerPoint Templates today.

Usb PowerPoint Presentation Themes FAQ

What are usb powerpoint templates.

A PowerPoint template is a pattern or blueprint for your slides that you save as a .pptx or .potx file.

All the Usb PowerPoint templates are natively built in PowerPoint, using placeholders on the slide master, color palettes, and other features in PowerPoint, and can contain layouts, theme colors, theme fonts, theme effects, background styles, and even content (according to Microsoft Office).

How to choose Usb PowerPoint templates for presentations?

Choose after carefully studying the template features and viewing the big preview images. All the product information is on the product page in the description and a list of the features can be found in the horizontal scrolling bar under the Download button. You may download a few free templates before making the final decision.

Who are Usb PowerPoint templates suitable for?

Why do i need usb powerpoint templates.

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Package a presentation for CD or USB flash drive

You can create a package for your presentation and save it to a CD or USB drive so that other people can watch your presentation on most any computer. Making a package ensures that all external elements of the presentation, such as fonts and linked files, are transferred to the disk or flash drive. This is also called "publishing a presentation to a file."

Save your package to a CD

Insert a blank recordable CD (CD-R), a blank rewritable CD (CD-RW), or a CD-RW (that contains existing content that can be overwritten) in the disk drive.

In PowerPoint, click File , click Export , click Package Presentation for CD , and then click Package for CD .

In the Package for CD dialog box, type a name for your CD in the Name the CD box.

To add one or more presentations to package together, click Add , select the presentation, and then click Add . Repeat this step for each presentation that you want to add.

Tip:  If you add more than one presentation, they'll play in the order in which they are listed in the Files to be copied list. Use the arrow buttons on the left side of the dialog box to re-order the list of presentations.

To include supplementary files such as TrueType fonts or linked files, click Options .

Under Include these files , select the applicable check boxes:

To inspect your presentation for hidden data and personal information, select the Inspect presentation for inappropriate or private information check box.

Click OK to close the Options dialog box.

In the Package for CD dialog box, click Copy to CD .

Save your package to a USB flash drive

Insert a USB flash drive in a USB slot in your computer.

In the Package for CD dialog box, click Copy to Folder .

In the Copy to Folder dialog box, select Browse .

In the Choose Location dialog box, navigate to your USB flash drive, select it or a subfolder in it, and then click Select .

The folder and path you chose are added to the Location box in the Copy to Folder dialog box.

PowerPoint asks you a question regarding linked files. It is best to answer Yes to ensure that all necessary files for the presentation are included in the package that is saved to the USB flash drive.

PowerPoint begins copying files, and when it is done it opens a window showing the complete package on the USB flash drive.

PowerPoint for macOS doesn't offer a "package presentation for CD" feature.

In PowerPoint for macOS, all content is embedded by default. So if you insert a sound, picture, or video, a copy of that media file is included within the PowerPoint file. The "Package for CD" feature is unnecessary, since you already have the content in the PowerPoint file.

PowerPoint for the web doesn't support this "packaging" feature, but it has other ways for you to share a finished presentation with others:

Save a PowerPoint presentation as a PDF file

Save a local copy of your presentation with PowerPoint for the web

Embed a presentation in a web page or blog

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Universal Serial Bus (USB) Seminar PPT and PDF Report

Universal Serial Bus (USB) Seminar PPT and PDF Report: Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a serial bus standard to connect devices to a host computer. The USB 3.0 is the upcoming version of the USB. The USB 3.0 is also called super speed USB.

Also See: Google Chrome OS PPT with PDF Report

Because the USB 3.0 support a raw throughput of 500MByte/s. There are many new features included in the new Universal Serial Bus Specification. The most important one is the super speed data transfer itself.

• Down：From host to device
• Up：From device to host

            Example

            Down stream：data flow from host to device

            Up stream： data flow from device to host

Also See: Raspberry Pi PPT Presentation Seminar with PDF Report

Why We Need USB ？

Connection of the PC to the telephone：

    =>In order to transmit data

Ease-of-use：

　=>Saupport plug and play

Port expansion：

    =>Up to 127 devices

　=>Can add lots of device to a XX

Characteristic

• The logical topology of the USB is a star structure
• It is similar to computer network
• The USB uses a polling protocol
• Up to 7 level

Also See: Google Glass PPT with PDF Report

Content of the Seminar and pdf report for Universal Serial Bus ( USB PPT )

• History and Evolution
• Why We Need USB？
• Architectural Overview
• USB communication flow
• Protocol Layer

Here we are giving you Universal Serial Bus (USB) Seminar and PPT with PDF report. All you need to do is just click on the download link and get it.

Universal Serial Bus (USB) PPT and Seminar Free Download

Universal Serial Bus (USB) pdf Report Free Download

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How to Save PowerPoint Presentation on a USB Drive: Step-by-Step Guide

Are you looking to easily transport your powerpoint presentations and share them with others saving your powerpoint presentation on a usb drive can provide a convenient way to do just that. in this step-by-step guide, we will walk you through the process of saving your presentation on a usb drive..

Step 1: Insert the USB drive

The first step is to insert your USB drive into one of the available USB ports on your computer. Ensure that the USB drive is properly connected and recognized by your computer.

Step 2: Open your PowerPoint presentation

Open the PowerPoint presentation that you wish to save on the USB drive. Simply double-click the PowerPoint file or open PowerPoint and navigate to “Open” to locate and open your presentation.

Step 3: Click on “File” in the menu bar

Once your presentation is open, click on the “File” tab located in the top-left corner of the PowerPoint window. This will open a drop-down menu with various options.

Step 4: Select “Save As”

In the “File” drop-down menu, click on the “Save As” option. This will open a new window allowing you to choose the saving location and format for your presentation.

Step 5: Choose the USB drive as the saving location

In the “Save As” window, navigate to the left-hand side and select the USB drive under the “Save As” options. You may need to locate the USB drive by its name or drive letter, which is usually displayed next to its icon.

Step 6: Specify the file name

Once you have selected the USB drive as the saving location, you can specify the file name for your presentation. Type a suitable name for your file in the “File name” field.

Step 7: Choose the file format

In the same “Save As” window, you can choose the file format for your presentation. PowerPoint gives you various options, such as the default .pptx format or older formats like .ppt or .pps. Select the format that best suits your needs.

Step 8: Click on “Save”

After selecting the saving location, specifying the file name, and choosing the file format, click on the “Save” button located at the bottom-right corner of the “Save As” window. PowerPoint will now save your presentation on the USB drive.

Step 9: Safely remove the USB drive

Once the saving process is complete, make sure to safely remove the USB drive from your computer. Right-click on the USB drive icon in the system tray or navigate to “Safely Remove Hardware” in the taskbar, and follow the prompts to safely eject the USB drive.

Now you have successfully saved your PowerPoint presentation on a USB drive! You can now carry your presentation anywhere and easily share it with others by simply plugging in the USB drive.

• Pro tip: It’s always a good practice to keep an extra copy of your PowerPoint presentations on multiple storage devices or backup platforms to ensure their security and availability.
• Compatibility note: When sharing your presentation with others, make sure to consider the compatibility of the file format you have chosen. Older versions of PowerPoint may not be able to open presentations saved in the latest .pptx format.

We hope this step-by-step guide has been helpful to you. Saving your PowerPoint presentation on a USB drive is a simple and effective way to transport and share your work. If you have any further questions, feel free to leave a comment below.

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• Presentation Collections

Explore 10+ Free PowerPoint Templates and Presentation Sites

It is no news that for anyone who has the need for using PowerPoint on a frequent basis, creating a presentation is rather a task. But it’s not just about what they write it is important that what they write is stylish and well presented on a computer screen.

Since more than thirty million presentations are created daily in PP, it is challenging to find a template suitable for the project.

However one should not let this deter him/her from preparing a well-orchestrated power point. To assist everyone who might be in a hurry to create an uncluttered and attractive presentation, below are more than 10 free PowerPoint templates.

3 Tips for Choosing the Best Free Presentation Template

With all these free PowerPoint presentation templates out there, looking for the correct one can be intriguing and a little bit challenging. Here are three tips that will help you in finding the perfect match:

1. Need-based: Versatility and Customizability

While choosing a new PowerPoint template, one has to take into consideration the features of its customization. With this regard, according to some recent presentation stats, 47% of the presentation designers claimed that making a PowerPoint presentation on their own requires more than 8 hours, while 29.4% needed the help of other designers or professionals. Thus, the availability of customizable PowerPoint templates is crucial for saving lots of precious time in the design process.

2. Neat Appearance: Uniformity and Professionalism

The art of selecting free PPT templates is to make the content appealing and professional in structure. The tricky part of this leads many to delegate PowerPoint presentation design in order to be able to provide their target audience with content in a format that suits their needs and taste.

3. Capture Attention Effectively: Visually Pleasing and Aesthetic Feel

Enticing presentations are key to delivering your message across. With the 10-minute rule for presentations, a diatribe of attention just occurs after 9 minutes and 59 seconds. That’s why choosing a free template should be done with much meticulousness to ensure that it contains visually consistent, yet really simple elements, illustrations, and infographics to guarantee your presentation a success. 

Top 3 Best Free PowerPoint Templates

It is always good to have more than 10 free PowerPoint templates, as available, but to get the right one may sometimes be a little tasking. To assist with this the top three recommendations have been made based on their ability to design PowerPoint presentations for professional use in a variety of sectors.

1. Microsoft

Who else to find free PPT templates from than those creating all the fuss, Microsoft? Knowing something or two about designing a good PowerPoint presentation, the official Microsoft website brings an incredibly broad and various selection of templates – all the way from lively, bright, and colored to severe, formal, and educational. 

Why: It offers a great variety, well-designed, diverse PowerPoint templates for  free download

Pros: Official site of PowerPoint with different template types, all of which are easy to download and use.

Best for: Professional, fun, aesthetic, artsy, business, and all other forms of PowerPoint templates.

2. SlideEgg

SlideEgg is an online resource offering ready-made presentation designs that one can use as a basis for presentations. They specialize in PowerPoint and Google Slides template and have recently incorporated Canva as an editing option.

Why: Covers all categories of customizable, nice-looking, and theme-based PowerPoint templates.

Strengths: The website is easy to move around and find the correct PowerPoint templates for free download 

Ideal for: Business, Education, and professional PowerPoint templates.

3. The Power of PowerPoint (POPP)

Power of PowerPoint  hosts the largest free library of PowerPoint templates for all kinds of presentations one might want to do, together with a very professional and slick look.

Why: Great resource for those who like to customize the template for their needs.

Strengths: Offers an extensive collection of free and customizable PowerPoint templates.

Top 10 Website Sources of Best PPT  templates for free download

The answer to a common question—where can the best PowerPoint templates be downloaded for free online? Below are the top 10 websites offering free PowerPoint templates.

• PresentationGO: PresentationGO is indeed a robust library for PowerPoint templates, with over 30 pages of new, purpose-serving unique templates.
• Behance: The best of the best design talents are represented on Behance, which you will be able to see in their free slides templates. Templates such as this startup pitch deck help tell a story with visuals really coming alive to tell the story.
• FPPT: It offers some of the best templates for presentations, like the Molecule template, which can be used in a business or even medical application. These highly designed templates provided by FPPT help in capturing the interest of your audience while delivering the message in front of them.
• AllPPT: In search of a slide deck specifically real estate, then ALLPPT is your go-to destination for real estate PowerPoint templates. ALLPPT slide layouts feature more than numerous categories, which range from finance and business to recreation, sports, military, etc.
• Graphic Panda: Graphic Panda brings together a host of very iconic PowerPoint templates to get your presentation needs done. These include the Company Profile template among others on business and startups.
• Kingsoft: Kingsoft does brilliant work with its free PPT templates for business individuals. You can use the slide decks for everything from pitches to corporate meetings.
• Free PPT Backgrounds: Free PPT Backgrounds is great for when you need an ultra-simple, minimal template that’s super easy to customize. These templates make it so easy to get up and running.
• Leawo: It is full of creativity, variety, and will help you make outstanding slide decks. The wide collection of free PPT templates covers everything, from NBA themes to Disney and finance.
• E-learning Heroes: If you want to liven up your presentations, grab a free template with slick design from E-Learning Heroes. Having these in hand, your presentations are going to be that much more persuasive and convincing.
• Indezine: This is a site that enables you to name a fair price of your own to download some great looking PowerPoint templates and designs. You can very well opt to pay zero; however, you will surely realize that these templates are worth much more. 

Designing a stunning and effective PowerPoint presentation doesn’t need to be such a chore. From these finest free templates to the tips provided, you can come up with presentations that look professional and above all, engage your audience. The right template will really make a big difference in how your message is perceived by your audience. So, surf through these resources; find one that really fits your needs, and then go ahead to create those presentations that will really stand out—Happy Presentation!

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Pramod Malnatchi

Pramod Malnatchi is an experienced content strategist with over 3 years of active practice. He excels at using his broad experience to provide clear, concise, and interesting data-driven content in different niches. With his skills in PowerPoint presentations and Google Slides, Pramod is capable of making an idea visually interesting in terms of presentation. He ensures the quality and accuracy of information in every project by doing thorough research and consulting with experts in the field.

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How to Record a PowerPoint Presentation

Knowing how to record a PowerPoint presentation with audio and video can provide viewers with an engaging experience. Whether you're creating a tutorial , a lecture, or a business presentation, combining visuals with narration helps convey your message more effectively.

In this guide, we will walk you through the step-by-step recording process in PowerPoint . From setting up your equipment and recording your screen to editing the final video, you'll learn everything you need to know about creating narrated PowerPoint presentations.

Prepare everything

• Presentation . Ensure your slides are complete and in the correct order. Update PowerPoint to the latest version for the best performance and features.
• Microphone . Use a good-quality microphone to record clear audio . A USB or headset microphone is recommended.
• Webcam (Optional) . If you want to include a video of yourself, use a built-in or external webcam.
• Script . Outline what you want to say for each slide. This will help you stay on track during the presentation recording.

How to record a PowerPoint presentation?

1. set up a screen recorder.

Download and install the free screen recording software for Windows from the official website. Launch the video recorder on your computer.

Easy to use free screen recorder for PC. Record desktop, take screenshots, upload the created content to the cloud for easy and fast sharing.

2. Configure settings

Go to " Settings " to set recording preferences .

• In " Video ", choose the desired output quality and format. Make sure the toggles next to " Record mouse movements " and " Animate mouse clicks " are enabled if needed.
• In the " Audio " tab, adjust the sound levels and select the desired input devices.

3. Record your presentation

Click the " Capture video " option in the side menu and select the mode. Choose the entire display if your presentation is in full-screen mode. You can also manually adjust the screen recording area to show the desired content.

Open your PowerPoint and press the F7 hotkey or click the " Rec " button to record the presentation with audio . Navigate through your slides while speaking clearly into the microphone.

Use drawing tools in the presentation recorder to highlight key points during your narration.

If you need to take a break, use the pause button to temporarily stop the recording. When you've completed your presentation, press the F8 hotkey or click " Stop ".

4. Editing the final video

Use the built-in video editor to trim any unwanted parts of the presentation recording. You can also adjust the playback speed, change the format, and resize the video.

If you need to make more changes, you can import your recorded clip into third-party video editing software . Add transitions, effects, background music, or other enhancements as needed.

Save your edited video in the desired location. It is also possible to upload the recording to the cloud and share it via a link .

FAQ on how to record a presentation

PowerPoint screen recording with audio and video is a powerful way to enhance your message and engage your audience. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can create professional and polished videos that combine your slides with a voice-over .

Whether you're an educator, business professional, or content creator, knowing how to narrate a PowerPoint presentation recording can significantly boost your impact. Remember to practice your delivery and utilize editing tools to refine your final product.

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USB Drivers

Apr 04, 2019

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USB Drivers. Michael Mitchell COP 5641 / CIS 4930. USB Device Basics. Universal Serial Bus (USB) connects between a computer and peripheral devices Created to replace various slow buses (parallel, serial, and keyboard connections) USB 2.0: up to 480Mb/s (35 MB/s)

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• interface audio interface audio
• controller driver
• struct usb endpoint descriptor
• struct usb device

Presentation Transcript

USB Drivers Michael Mitchell COP 5641 / CIS 4930

USB Device Basics • Universal Serial Bus (USB) connects between a computer and peripheral devices • Created to replace various slow buses (parallel, serial, and keyboard connections) • USB 2.0: up to 480Mb/s (35 MB/s) • USB 3.0: up to 6Gb/s (625 MB/s)

USB Device Basics • A USB device can never start sending data without first being asked by the host controller • Single-master implementation • Host polls various devices • A device can request a fixed bandwidth (for audio and video I/O) • Universal Serial Bus is a misnomer… • Actually a tree built out of point-to-point links • Links are four-wire cables (ground, power, and two signal wires)

USB Device Basics – The Protocol • USB protocol defines a set of standards that any device can follow • No need to write a driver for a device that is in a predefined class and follows that standard, • Predefined classes: storage devices, keyboards, mice, joysticks, network devices, and modems • No defined standard for video devices and USB-to-serial devices • A driver is needed for every device

USB Device Basics – Driver Types • Linux supports two types of USB drivers • Drivers on a host system • Control the USB devices that are plugged into it • Drivers on a device (USB gadget drivers) • Control how that single device looks to the host computer as a USB device • Some hardware devices can actually be both • Called USB OTG (On The Go), • E.g. Android 3.0+, some printers

Different kernel subsystems An interface for USB drivers to access HW USB Device Basics

USB Device Basics USB drivers bind to interfaces, not the device

USB Overview • A USB device has one or more configurations • E.g., power and bandwidth requirements • A configuration has one or more interfaces • E.g., audio data, knobs for speakers • An interface has one or more settings • Different quality of services • E.g., different frame sizes for digital cameras • Also zero or more endpoints • E.g., bulk, interrupt endpoints.

Endpoints • The most basic form of USB communication is through an endpoint • Unidirectional: Carries data in one direction • From the host to device (OUT endpoint) • From the device to the host (IN endpoint)

Endpoints • Four endpoint types • CONTROL • INTERRUPT • BULK • ISOCHRONOUS

Endpoints • CONTROL • Used for configuring the device, retrieving information and status about the device, or sending commands to the device • Every device has a control endpoint called endpoint 0 • Used by USB core to configure the device at insertion time • Transfers are guaranteed with reserved bandwidth

Endpoints • INTERRUPT • Transfer small amounts of data at a fixed rate • For USB keyboards and mice • Also used to control the device • Not for large transfers • Guaranteed reserved bandwidth

Endpoints • BULK • Transfer large amounts of data • No data loss • Not time guaranteed • A BULK packet might be split up across multiple transfers • Used for printers, storage, and network devices

Endpoints • ISOCHRONOUS • Transfer large amount of data • For real-time data collections, A/V devices • Unlike bulk endpoints, no guarantees (potential data loss) • Control and bulk endpoints are used for asynchronous data transfers • Interrupt and isochronous endpoints are periodic with reserved bandwidth

Endpoints • Endpoint information is in struct usb_endpoint_descriptor • embedded in struct usb_host_endpoint • Note: defined by the USB standard, so not Linux looking • Some important fields • bEndpointAddress (8-bit) • Use USB_DIR_OUT and USB_DIR_IN bit masks to determine the direction of data flow

Endpoints • bmAttributes • Type of the endpoint • & USB_ENDPOINT_XFERTYPE_MASK to determine if the endpoint is of type USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_ISOC, USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK, or USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_INT • wMaxPacketSize • Maximum bytes that an endpoint can handle • Larger transfers will be split into multiple transfers

Endpoints • bInterval • For interrupt endpoints, this value specifies the milliseconds between interrupt requests for the endpoint

Interfaces • USB endpoints are bundled into interfaces • A interface handles only one type of logical connection (E.g., a mouse) • Some devices have multiple interfaces • E.g., a speaker • One interface for buttons and one for audio stream • USB interface may have alternate settings • E.g., different settings to reserve different amounts of bandwidth for the device

Interfaces • Described via struct usb_interface • Passed from USB core to USB drivers • Some important fields • struct usb_host_interface *altsetting • An array of settings for this interface • unsigned num_altsetting • Number of alternative settings

Interfaces • struct usb_host_interface *cur_altsetting • A pointer into the altsetting array, denoting the current setting • int minor • Minor number assigned by the USB core to the interface • Valid after a successful call to usb_register_dev

Configurations • USB interfaces are bundled into configurations • A USB device can have multiple configurations • Only one can be active at a time • Can switch between them • Described in struct usb_host_config • embedded in struct usb_device

endpointcontrol endpointinput endpointcontrol endpointinput Interface Audio Interface Audio endpointcontrol endpointinput endpointcontrol endpointinput Interface Video Interface Video USB Webcam Device Example Configuration Active Configuration Configuration Standby Configuration DeviceUSB webcam

USB and Sysfs • Both USB devices and its interfaces are shown in sysfs as individual devices • A USB mouse device can be represented as /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:09.0/usb2/2-1 • The interface of the USB mouse device driver is represented as /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:09.0/usb2/2-1/2-1:1.0 root_hub-hub_port:configuration.interface

USB and Sysfs • For a two-level USB connection, the device name is in the following format root_hub-hub_port-hub_port:configuration.interface • In the sysfs directory, all USB information is available • E.g., idVendor, idProduct, bMaxPower • bConfigurationValue can be written to change the active configuration

USB and Sysfs • More information is available in /proc/bus/usb directory • User-space programs can directly communicate with USB devices via the directory

USB Urbs (USB Request Block) • Communication between the host and device is done asynchronously using USB Request Blocks (URBs). • Similar to packets in network communications. • Every endpoint can handle a queue of URBs. • Every URB has a completion handler. • Flexible: A driver may allocate many URBs for a single endpoint, or reuse the same URB for different endpoints. • See Documentation/usb/URB.txt in kernel sources.

USB Urbs (USB Request Block) • struct urb • Used to send and receive data between endpoints • Asynchronous • Dynamically created • Contains reference count for garbage collection • Designed to achieve high throughput • Defined in <include/linux/usb.h> • Must be created with the usb_alloc_urb() function. Shouldn't be allocated statically or with kmalloc(). • Must be deleted with usb_free_urb().

USB Urbs (USB Request Block) • A typical lifecycle of an Urb • A USB device driver creates an Urb • Assigns it to a specific endpoint of a device • Submits it to the USB core • The USB core submits the Urb to specific USB host controller driver • The USB host controller driver processes the Urb and transfers it to the device • Notifies the USB device driver when the Urb is done

USB Urbs (USB Request Block) • An Urb can be cancelled by the driver or the USB core if the device is removed from the system

Life Cycle of an Urb Creation USB core(controllerdriver) Devicedriver Assignedto an endpoint Submittedto the USB core Transferedto the device yes can bereused? Notification attransfer completion no Deletion

struct urb • Important fields /* destination USB device */ /* must be initialized by the USB driver before the urb can be sent to the USB core */ struct usb_device *dev; /* end point type information */ /* set to the return value from one of the usb send and receive pipe functions */ /* must be initialized by the USB driver before the urb can be sent to the USB core */ unsigned int pipe;

struct urb /* assigned to one of the transfer flags */ unsigned int transfer_flags; void *transfer_buffer; /* points to a kmalloced buffer */ dma_addr_t transfer_dma; /* buffer for DMA transfers */ /* buffer length for either the transfer_buffer or the transfer_dma variable, 0 if neither buffers are used */ int transfer_buffer_length; /* pointer to a setup packet for a control urb */ /* transferred before the data in the transfer buffer */ unsigned char *setup_packet; /* DMA buffer for the setup packet for a control urb */ dma_addr_t setup_dma;

struct urb /* pointer to the completion handler called by USB core */ usb_complete_t complete; /* pointer to a data blob that can be set by the USB driver */ void *context; /* actual length of data sent/received by the urb */ int actual_length; /* accessed in the completion handler */ /* see status values */ int status; /* the initial frame number for isochronous transfers */ int start_frame;

struct urb /* polling interval for the urb */ /* valid only for interrupt or isochronous urbs */ /* for slow devices, the unit is in frames or milliseconds */ /* for other devices, the unit is in 1/8 milliseconds */ int interval; /* the number of isochronous transfer buffers handled by this urb */ /* must be set by the USB driver before the urb is sent to the USB core */ int number_of_packets; /* number of isochronous transfers with errors */ int error_count;

struct urb /* allows a single urb to define a number of isochronous transfers at once */ struct usb_iso_packet_descriptor iso_frame_desc[0]; struct usb_iso_packet_descriptor { unsigned int offset; /* byte into the transfer buffer */ unsigned int length; /* length of the transfer buffer */ /* length of data received into the transfer buffer */ unsigned int actual_length; unsigned int status; /* see status values */ };

USB send and receive pipe functions /* specifies a control OUT endpoint for the specified USB device with the specified endpoint number */ unsigned int usb_sndctrlpipe(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int endpoint); /* specifies a control IN endpoint for the specified USB device with the specified endpoint number */ unsigned int usb_rcvctrlpipe(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int endpoint); /* specifies a bulk OUT endpoint for the specified USB device with the specified endpoint number */ unsigned int usb_sndbulkpipe(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int endpoint);

USB send and receive pipe functions /* specifies a bulk IN endpoint for the specified USB device with the specified endpoint number */ unsigned int usb_rcvbulkpipe(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int endpoint); /* specifies a interrupt OUT endpoint for the specified USB device with the specified endpoint number */ unsigned int usb_sndintpipe(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int endpoint); /* specifies a interrupt IN endpoint for the specified USB device with the specified endpoint number */ unsigned int usb_rcvintpipe(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int endpoint);

USB send and receive pipe functions /* specifies a isochronous OUT endpoint for the specified USB device with the specified endpoint number */ unsigned int usb_sndisocpipe(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int endpoint); /* specifies a isochronous IN endpoint for the specified USB device with the specified endpoint number */ unsigned int usb_rcvisocpipe(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int endpoint);

URB Transfer flags • URB_SHORT_NOT_OK • Partial read should be treated as an error by the USB core • URB_ISO_ASAP • If the driver wants the isochronous urb to be scheduled as soon as bandwidth allows • Set the start_frame variable

URB Transfer flags • URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP • Set when the urb contains a DMA buffer to be transferred • Tells the USB core to use the buffer pointed by the transfer_dma pointer, not the transfer_buffer pointer

URB Transfer flags • URB_NO_SETUP_DMA_MAP • Used for control urbs with DMA buffer already set up • Tells the USB core to use the buffer pointed by the setup_dma pointer instead of the setup_packet pointer • URB_ASYNC_UNLINK • Tells usb_unlink_urb() to return immediate and unlink the urb in the background

URB Transfer flags • URB_NO_FSBR • For UHCI USB host controller • Generally not used • URB_ZERO_PACKET • Tells a bulk out urb finishes by sending an empty packet when the data is aligned to an endpoint packet boundary

URB Transfer flags • URB_NO_INTERRUPT • Indicates that the HW may not generate an interrupt when the urb is finished • Used when queuing multiple urbs to the same endpoint • Used by USB core to perform DMA transfers

URB Status Values • 0 • The urb transfer was successful • For isochronous urbs, only indicates whether the urb has been unlinked • Detailed status in iso_frame_desc • -ENOENT • Urb stopped by usb_kill_urb • -ECONNRESET • Urb was unlinked by usb_unlink_urb • transfer_flags set to URB_ASYNC_UNLINK

URB Status Values • -EINPROGRESS • Urb still being processed by the USB host controller • A bug if seen at the driver level • -EPROTO (a HW problem) • A bitstuff error happened during the transfer • No response packet was received • -EILSEQ (a HW problem) • CRC mismatch

URB Status Values • -EPIPE • The endpoint is now stalled • If not a control endpoint, can clear this error with usb_clear_halt • -ECOMM • Data received faster than it could be written to system memory • -ENOSR • Data cannot be retrieved from the system memory during the transfer fast enough to keep up with the requested USB data rate

URB Status Values • -EOVERFLOW (a HW problem) • When the endpoint receives more data than the specified max • -EREMOTEIO • Full amount of data was not received • Occurs when the URB_SHORT_NOT_OK is set • -ENODEV • The USB device is gone from the system

URB Status Values • -ESHUTDOWN • Host controller driver has been disabled or disconnected • Urb was submitted after the device was removed • Configuration change while the urb was submitted

URB Status Values • -EXDEV • Only for a isochronous urb • Transfer was partially completed • -EINVAL • ISO madness, if this happens: Log off and go home • Incorrect function parameter

Creating and Destroying Urbs • All URBs need to be created dynamically • Or the reference count would not work • To create a URB, call struct urb *usb_alloc_urb(int iso_packets, gfp_t mem_flags); • Returns pointer to the URB or NULL on failure • iso_packets: number of isochronous packets this urb should contain • mem_flags: same as kmalloc flags • To destroy a urb, call void usb_free_urb(struct urb *urb);

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How to download Microsoft PowerPoint

If you’re tasked with creating a presentation for work or school, you should probably learn how to use Microsoft PowerPoint , one of the best slideshow creation tools around.

How to purchase and download Microsoft PowerPoint

How to download microsoft powerpoint on mobile, other ways to get microsoft powerpoint.

Here’s what you need to know about purchasing and downloading Microsoft PowerPoint along with other options for using this full-featured Microsoft Office application.

Just as you can like download Microsoft Word as a standalone app, you can visit the Microsoft Store and search for PowerPoint. However, it’s hard to find the PowerPoint app without it being part of the Microsoft Office bundle. Luckily, we’ll show you exactly how to get it.

Note : Below are the prices at the time of this writing, which are subject to change at any time.

Visit the PowerPoint purchase page on Microsoft.com where you can buy PowerPoint alone for $159.99. If you’re in school, head to the PowerPoint Home and Student page instead where you can buy PowerPoint at a discounted price of $79.99.

Be sure to move down the page slightly and review the Requirements tab before making your purchase because it’s nonrefundable. You’ll need at least Windows 11 , Windows 10, or macOS to install PowerPoint along with a certain amount of memory and hard disk space per your operating system.

When you’re ready, select Buy now at the top, and you’ll be directed to your cart to complete the purchase. Note that you’ll receive a digital copy of PowerPoint, not a physical one. Choose Checkout to continue.

Enter your Microsoft username and password when prompted or create an account if necessary.

Select your payment method, optionally enter a promo code, and pick Place order . Notice the statement at the bottom of the page informing you that you’ll be charged immediately, and again, there are no refunds.

Follow the subsequent prompts to complete your purchase, download, and install PowerPoint per your web browser and operating system.

If you’d like to create, edit, or review PowerPoint presentations on the go, you can install the free mobile app. All you need is a Microsoft account to use the PowerPoint app on Android or iOS.

For Android, head to Microsoft PowerPoint on Google Play and select Install . For iPhone, iPad, and Apple Vision, go to Microsoft PowerPoint on the App Store and select Get .

Once the app installs, select Open in Google Play or the App Store. Alternatively, you can simply tap the app icon that displays on your Home screen. Sign in with your Microsoft account and you’re ready to go.

Note that you do have an in-app purchase available for a Microsoft 365 plan if you decide to upgrade.

If you’re looking for additional ways to get Microsoft PowerPoint, we’ve got two options for you.

First, you can use PowerPoint on the web for free with your Microsoft account. All of your files are saved to OneDrive, which also includes 5GB of storage with your free Microsoft account. You can also enjoy many of the same features without much limitation including the use of PowerPoint templates .

Visit PowerPoint online , sign in, and you’re set.

Second, you can purchase PowerPoint as part of Microsoft 365 . Because this is the method you see more than any other, it’s one to consider if you can take advantage of the additional Office apps like Word, Excel, Outlook, OneNote, and others.

Review how to buy Microsoft Office for all of your options.

Do you have to download PowerPoint to use it?

Nope! You can use PowerPoint in your web browser with a free Microsoft account as well as with a Microsoft 365 work or school account. You can also install the PowerPoint mobile app for free on Android or iPhone.

Is Microsoft PowerPoint easy to use?

It’s simple to get started, but you should check out our list of Microsoft PowerPoint best practices to improve the quality of your presentations.

What is similar to Microsoft PowerPoint but free?

You can look at applications similar to PowerPoint that are completely free. These include Google Slides, a web-based slideshow creator, and LibreOffice, a downloadable office suite containing Impress for building slideshows.

For additional options, check out how to use Microsoft Office for free along with our list of the best Microsoft Office alternatives .

How do I save a PowerPoint presentation on desktop?

To save a PowerPoint presentation, go to the File tab and select Save or Save As . Choose a location, name the file, and then Save .

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It seems like Apple might need to watch out, because Intel and Microsoft are coming for it after the latter two companies reportedly forged a close partnership during the development of Intel Lunar Lake chips. Lunar Lake refers to Intel's upcoming generation of mobile processors that are aimed specifically at the thin and light segment. While the specs are said to be fairly modest, some signs hint that Lunar Lake may have enough of an advantage to pose a threat to some of the best processors.

Today's round of Intel Lunar Lake leaks comes from Igor's Lab. The system-on-a-chip (SoC), pictured above, is Intel's low-power solution made for thin laptops that's said to be coming out later this year. Curiously, the chips weren't manufactured on Intel's own process, but on TSMC's N3B node. This is an interesting development because Intel typically sticks to its own fabs, and it even plans to sell its manufacturing services to rivals like AMD. This time, however, Intel opted for the N3B node for its compute tile.

ChatGPT isn’t the only AI chatbot in town. One direct competitor is Microsoft’s Copilot (formerly Bing Chat), and if you’ve never used it before, you should definitely give it a try. As part of a greater suite of Microsoft tools, Copilot can be integrated into your smartphone, tablet, and desktop experience, thanks to a Copilot sidebar in Microsoft Edge. 

Like any good AI chatbot, Copilot’s abilities are constantly evolving, so you can always expect something new from this generative learning professional. Today though, we’re giving a crash course on where to find Copilot, how to download it, and how you can use the amazing bot.  How to get Microsoft Copilot Microsoft Copilot comes to Bing and Edge. Microsoft

Apple’s Vision Pro is just a couple of days from landing on people’s heads, with many speculating how much of a success -- or not -- the tech giant can make of its most important product launch in years.

A key factor is expected to be the level of interest developers show in creating custom-made apps for the mixed-reality headset, with some major platforms such as Netflix, Spotify, and YouTube deciding to hold back from offering bespoke apps.