presentation on heart rate

How to Keep Your Heart from Racing When Public Speaking

Hrideep barot.

• Body Language & Delivery , Presentation , Public Speaking

It’s typical to experience some performance anxiety just before a big presentation. Of course, you want to avoid experiencing acute stress, which manifests physically and mentally as sweaty palms, a dry mouth, and a quicker heartbeat. It is significant to know how to stop heart racing when public speaking and implement it in real life.

Conversing vs public speaking 

You are an excellent speaker already. Every day, you deliver engaging presentations.

Consider how frequently you are able to effectively convey your views to friends, coworkers, or other acquaintances. You raise an easy point. You use words that they comprehend and with which they can identify. Your responses to their objections are convincing. You end by getting their agreement to carry out your final request. You just used some really effective speech-making techniques.

“All the great speakers were bad speakers at first.” – Ralph Waldo Emerson

Then you are invited to give a talk to the group on a subject you are knowledgeable about. (If not, why were you asked to speak?) You experience extreme fear. When it comes to “public speaking,” you think very differently than when it comes to “everyday interactions.” Why? You’re afraid because you feel as though you lack communication skills. You believe that you have nothing noteworthy to say. You believe that you are unable to express yourself clearly. You anticipate that the audience won’t agree with you. You believe the audience will disapprove of both your views and who you are as a person. You doubt your ability to influence people.

Symptoms of a racing heart while public speaking 

1. mindset .

The things we say ourselves affect how we feel; these are called critical or negative thoughts in our heads. They make you worry about giving your impending presentation. “You’re stupid!” “You’re not good enough!” or “You’re boring!” are some of the common things that different people’s negative thoughts will tell you. It’s critical to understand how these voices are attempting to assist you before simply ignoring them and replacing them with more motivating, helpful and optimistic voices.

Your heart rate increases as a result of those pesky negative voices making you feel afraid, which might start a “downward cycle” in which one thing leads to another and the situation descends into chaos. A self-fulfilling prophecy occurs when your heart rate rises, you start to fear that you’re coming across as anxious, and eventually you seem worried and sound tense.

2. Body language 

Not everyone is aware that your body language affects your thought process and that your thought process affects your body language. You have the best chance of having a positive mindset, which will come through in your breathing and voice when you are standing properly with a good presenter stance where you are upright, shoulders are back, and your head is high.

Read this article for more useful insights: 10 tell-tale signs of nervous body language (And what you can do about it)

3. Breathing 

You may be breathing too quickly when your heart is racing and you are anxious before giving a presentation. Instead of using their diaphragm to breathe, the majority of individuals in the western world breathe from their upper chest, which causes their shoulders to move up and down as they do.

Tips for breathing properly when exercising:

• Breathe in deeply, and then exhale slowly.
• Did you notice if your shoulders rose toward your ears before falling back down?
• If so, your breathing technique is faulty, and you are inhaling shallowly. The movement of your stomach should indicate that you are breathing properly.

Once you’ve mastered the proper breathing technique, you can concentrate on relaxing your voice and speaking effectively.

How to stop your heart from racing when public speaking?

1. quick heartbeat.

You’re positive that everyone in the room can hear your heart hammering because it is thumping so quickly and loudly. Relax. Your heartbeat can only be heard by you. Your heart rate is elevated due to the effects of adrenaline and other substances. Deeply inhale and exhale slowly. Focus on what you’re saying. For a little while, concentrate on a familiar audience member. As you get fully engaged in your presentation, your pulse rate will begin to slow.

Utilize a heart-rate reducing method before a stressful situation. Box breathing is the name of the method.

Start by taking a leisurely, four-count inhalation. Next, exhale slowly for four seconds. Finally, take four seconds to exhale through your mouth. Your pulse rate will start to slow down and your entire body will start to relax after three or four repetitions of the procedure.

2. Shaky hands or legs

You feel self-conscious because one of your hands or legs is shaking. Everyone who witnesses it is aware of your fear. You really feel like a coward. Relax. Breathe deeply and slowly many times. The shaking muscle contracts and then release. Again, erratic breathing has interrupted your blood circulation while adrenaline and other substances have provided more energy than your body requires.

To stop your leg from shaking, shift your weight to your feet. Make broad hand movements with your arms and hands moving. While relaxing your other fingers, join and press your thumb and index finger to the trembling hand. Ten seconds of holding the joined fingers together, followed by a hand release. Then do it again if necessary. The trembling will end as a result of your breathing and tension-relaxation techniques.

3. Voice trembling or crackling

Your voice starts to tremble or crack as you talk. You’re ashamed by how weak your voice sounds. How do you go on? What ought you to do? Simply said, this issue is brought on by erratic breathing. By slowing down your speech and taking control of your breathing, you can quickly get rid of a trembling or cracking voice. Pay attention to a solace-seeking audience member. Continue speaking slowly, taking deep breaths, and lowering the pitch of your voice.

4. Mouth ache

It feels like there is cotton in your mouth. Your speech is slurred and your lips clench together. You worry that your slur will make it difficult for the audience to comprehend you. The old adrenaline issue is back! Your mouth is losing moisture due to the adrenaline. Stop and get a drink of water if you can. Before swallowing, keep it in your mouth for a short while. Take a brief moment to unwind. Inhale to unwind. If you are unable to swallow, take a moment to gather saliva in your mouth and hold it there for a few seconds. You can reduce the likelihood of this by chewing gum or inhaling a mint before you speak.

5. Perspiration

Your upper lip and forehead are feeling wet. This makes you feel quite self-conscious, and your humiliation is escalating. Your quick heartbeat, which boosts body warmth, is likely the source of your perspiration. However, it could just be that the place is warm. Try as much as you can to ignore it. Continue speaking after quickly wiping your forehead and top lip with a handkerchief.

6. Flushing

Your neck and face appear to be developing measles symptoms. Since everything is red, it is obvious that you are afraid. These red blotches are brought on by adrenaline’s erratic blood flow to your skin’s outer layers. Most often, women experience this. Once it begins, there is typically no way to stop it other than to unwind and let the adrenaline rush pass more slowly.

7. Put your inner critic to rest

Our own worst critics are us. The constant negative thoughts that race through our heads all day are crippling and harmful. While you should make every effort to replace negative self-talk with positive ones, the few minutes prior to a presentation are particularly crucial. During that time, you must completely shut down your inner critic.

Put your inner critic to rest. You may always call him back later if you need to, but you must never let the critic control your valuable thoughts before it’s your day to shine.

Avoid any self-critical ideas, such as:

• I’m not very good at speaking.
• I should have put in more practice.
• I made a mistake before, and I’ll make another.
• You should be telling yourself: I can’t wait to tell everyone about my idea.
• I feel content and assured.
• I’m equipped for this.

The two minutes prior to a presentation are the only time you have control over. Avoid obsessing over your potential effectiveness or the reaction of the audience. That will simply direct your thoughts in the wrong direction.

According to cognitive scientists, grinning is a common and contagious response to happiness. People who are having fun and love their work are pleasant to be around. Thus, smile. 

The smile disappears from our faces and we start to scowl when we are preoccupied with the intricacies of presenting a presentation. When our bodies get tense, anxiety follows. Our heart rate increases shortly after, and the vicious cycle resumes.

Your mind will understand that what is about to happen is not a threat but rather something to look forward to if you put a wide smile on your face.

If you take your career seriously, you probably spent a lot of time and effort developing a compelling message and presentation. In the last two minutes before your presentation, don’t discount all that hard effort.

Final words 

Why do these speaking issues not arise when you are speaking to close friends, family members, or coworkers? They rarely happen because you are normally at ease while conversing with individuals you know in a relaxed setting. The secret to giving excellent presentations to groups is, above all things, relaxation. One of the simplest strategies to make yourself feel more at ease is to deliver presentations in conversational tones.

You have the ability to speak well. Every day, you deliver engaging presentations. When addressing a crowd, adopt the same attitude you would when conversing with a single person. You can become a great public speaker by using these straightforward suggestions.

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The Heart: Regulation of Heart Rate

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Presentation on theme: "The Heart: Regulation of Heart Rate"— Presentation transcript:

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 1 Computer Systems Organization & Architecture Chapters 8-12 John D. Carpinelli.

Copyright © 2011, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 6 Author: Julia Richards and R. Scott Hawley.

The Cardiovascular System

Chapter 11 The Circulatory System

Chapter 11 The Cardiovascular System

Chapter 11 – Part 5 The Cardiovascular System. Vital Signs  The following measurements are referred to collectively as vital signs in clinical settings:

Cardiac Cycle aortic pressure ventricular pressure atrial pressure

Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Seventh Edition Elaine N. Marieb Chapter.

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Cardiovascular System  A closed system of the heart and blood vessels 

Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slides – Seventh Edition.

Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology Fifth edition Seeley, Stephens and Tate Slide 2.1 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin.

Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slides 11.1 – Seventh Edition Elaine.

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Normal Resting Heart Rate By Age (Chart)

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Table of Contents

What is a resting heart rate, normal resting heart rate chart by age, how to check your heart rate at home, what if i can’t locate my pulse, what causes a high resting heart rate, how to lower your resting heart rate, when to see a doctor.

One of the vital signs a nurse checks when you visit the doctor is your heart rate, along with temperature, blood pressure and respiratory rate . Your heart rate, which is measured by your pulse, is an important indicator of your overall health and fitness level. It can signal certain medical conditions or a need to adjust lifestyle habits that elevate your heart rate above the normal range determined by your age.

The normal resting heart rate (when not exercising) for people age 15 and up is 60 to 100 beats per minute (bpm). 

However, your heart rate may vary slightly from the norm due to several factors, including regular exercise, a medical condition, stress and use of some over-the-counter medications.

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Resting heart rate refers to when your heart pumps the lowest amount of blood your body needs when you’re not exercising. Your resting heart rate is measured by your pulse when you’re calm, relaxed, sitting or lying down and not ill.

Why Does Your Resting Heart Rate Matter?

A heart rate that’s too high or low—especially a rate that’s higher or lower than your usual resting heart rate—could be a sign of medical issues or other health conditions.

A high resting heart rate could signal an abnormal hormone level, an overactive thyroid , anemia or another potential health issue, such as a heart rhythm abnormality, says Hailu Tilahun, M.D., a cardiologist at Virginia Mason Franciscan Health in Seattle, Washington. Meanwhile, a resting heart rate that’s too low could cause dizziness, lightheadedness, fatigue or even fainting, which is dangerous and should not be ignored.

“Different levels of heart rate might reflect certain medical conditions,” says Dr. Tilahun. “However, it doesn’t always necessarily mean there’s something going on. And that’s why heart rate is important—because it can be a hint to at least consider exploring those possibilities.”

It’s also important to know the normal “maximum” heart rate during vigorous activity and the “target” heart rate for your age.

To find your normal maximum heart rate, subtract your age from 220.

Meanwhile, your target heart rate should be about 50% to 70% of your maximum heart rate during moderate-intensity activity like walking. During more intense activity, such as exercising, running or working out with weights, your target heart rate should be about 70% to 85% of your maximum heart rate.

As a general guide, below are the average maximum heart rates and target heart rate zones by age for adults, according to the American Heart Association.

You can monitor your heart rate easily by using smartwatches and other fitness-tracking wearables, but it’s also simple to check your heart rate manually.

To find your heart rate, place your index and middle fingers gently against the underside of your wrist on the side just below the base of your thumb until you can feel the pulse. You can also measure heart rate by placing two fingers on one of the carotid arteries located on each side of your neck.

Other places where you can check your heart rate include:

• Back of the knees
• Top or inside of the foot

After you locate your pulse, count the number of beats you feel for 15 seconds, then multiply that number by four. Alternatively, count the beats for 30 seconds, then multiply by two. If checking your resting heart rate, count the beats when you haven’t been exercising or physically active for at least 10 minutes.

There’s no best time of day to check your resting heart rate. “You can do it in the morning or in the evening, but you really can check the heart rate at any time,” says Dr. Tilahun. “After activity, the heart rate might still be high. Also, you don’t want to check your heart rate after resting or meditating for a very long time since that’s also not going to be truly reflective.”

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If you can’t locate your pulse in your wrist, try finding your pulse on your carotid artery or the other parts of your body where the pulse may be stronger. Be careful checking on your neck, though.

“When checking the pulse on the carotid, we have to be a little bit cautious because if it’s pressed too hard, it can cause a reflex that leads to lightheadedness and dizziness or may even cause fainting,” says Dr. Tilahun.

Research indicates that a higher resting heart rate is linked with higher blood pressure and body weight, along with lower physical fitness [1] Target Heart Rates Chart . American Heart Association. Accessed 4/7/2022. . In addition to medical conditions, such as anemia, high thyroid or hormone levels and blood clots, certain lifestyle factors can cause an elevated resting heart rate, says Dr. Tilahun.

Additional possible causes of a high heart rate include:

• Infection (including bacterial, viral and rarely fungal infections)
• Dehydration
• Poor or disrupted sleep
• Caffeine, alcohol or nicotine intake or withdrawal
• Stress and anxiety
• Use of over-the-counter decongestants
• Poor physical condition

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When your resting heart rate is in the normal heart rate range for your age, your heart muscle doesn’t have to work as hard to pump enough blood to keep a steady beat.

If someone notices an increase in their heart rate within a certain period—after not being physically active for a year or two, for example—but other things haven’t changed much with their health, the elevated heart rate could indicate they may need to be more active to lower the heart rate, says Dr. Tilahun.

If your resting heart rate is higher than the normal adult heart rate of 60 to 100 beats per minute, regular activity is key to bringing the heart rate down. “That activity could be exercise, but it doesn’t have to be dedicated exercise. It could be walking, gardening, mowing the lawn or other regular activities,” says Tilahun.

“When you’re doing the activity, the heart rate is going to be higher, and people sometimes get worried. But that’s not an issue—it’s what’s supposed to happen. Over time, regular activity will lower the heart rate for most people,” he adds.

If a higher heart rate is a result of being under stress or consuming a lot of alcohol or caffeine, that’s not typically a cause for alarm. However, these situations still warrant a discussion with your clinician, as they can discuss with you how to best address any necessary lifestyle changes.

Meanwhile, adults without an acute condition that might cause an elevated heart rate may also want to contact their doctor if their resting heart rate remains above 100 beats per minute for a few days, says Dr. Tilahun.

“If the heart rate is persistently elevated for more than a few days and there is absence of a clear thing that can explain it, that should be a time to talk to your doctor,” he says.

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• Target Heart Rates Chart. American Heart Association. Accessed 4/7/2022.
• Vital Signs. Medline Plus. National Library of Medicine. Accessed 4/8/2022.
• All About Heart Rate (Pulse). American Heart Association. Accessed 4/7/2022.
• Pulse. Medline Plus. National Library of Medicine. Accessed 4/7/2022.
• Duplex ultrasound. Medline Plus. National Library of Medicine. Accessed 4/7/2022.
• Should I Worry About My Fast Pulse?. Harvard Health Publishing. Accessed 4/7/2022.
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Information provided on Forbes Health is for educational purposes only. Your health and wellness is unique to you, and the products and services we review may not be right for your circumstances. We do not offer individual medical advice, diagnosis or treatment plans. For personal advice, please consult with a medical professional.

Forbes Health adheres to strict editorial integrity standards. To the best of our knowledge, all content is accurate as of the date posted, though offers contained herein may no longer be available. The opinions expressed are the author’s alone and have not been provided, approved or otherwise endorsed by our advertisers.

Deb Hipp is a freelance health and medical writer and editor who lives in Kansas City, Missouri. She is a former investigative reporter with more than 25 years of experience as a journalist and writer. She specializes in health and wellness, medical aging, long-term care, caregiving, retirement and a variety of other health and retirement topics.

Dr. Ardeshir Hashmi is a board-certified geriatrician who currently serves as the section chief of the Center for Geriatric Medicine and endowed chair for Geriatric Innovation at Cleveland Clinic. He also serves on Cleveland Clinic’s National Consultation Service. Dr. Hashmi completed his postgraduate research at Yale University, internal medicine training at the Yale Saint Mary’s Hospital in Connecticut, and Geriatric Medicine fellowship at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. Dr. Hashmi’s primary clinical interests are providing individualized, patient-centered care focused on each patient’s priorities and, serving as their Successful Aging specialist, providing guidance that helps them thrive in the “4 Ms” of mentation, mobility, medication de-prescribing and what matters most to them.

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How to stop a pounding heart when presenting

Read time: 6 minutes

Executive Summary

Do you suffer from a pounding heart when presenting? These 3 key points may help:

• Mindset: Identify and replace negative thoughts with positive ones to calm your nerves.
• Body language: Maintain good posture and eye contact to project confidence and reduce anxiety.
• Breathing and voice: Focus on deep breathing and speak clearly to reduce tension and increase control.

Body Language

• Breathing and Voice

Does this sound like you? You know your job well, you can communicate clearly in many situations, you lead a successful team BUT sometimes when it comes to presenting (virtually or face to face) in high-pressure situations you can lose all sense of control? Sometimes your presentations are fine but other times your heart just pounds so much you feel like it may jump out your chest (you may also suffer from shaky hands and voice when presenting or some other common public speaking speech anxiety symptoms .

Our 1-1 coaching has helped hundreds of professionals take back control, find out more here about how you too can take back control.

Some people resort to  Beta Blockers  to slow their heart down (which I don’t recommend for the reasons in my blog on ‘Why drugs aren’t the answer!’). The best solution is to deal with the symptoms and uncover the cause of the pounding heart.

So, how can you prevent your racing heart from sabotaging your business presentations? There are 3 areas to focus on, mindset, body language and breathing/voice:

Our state of mind is impacted by the things we tell ourselves; we’ve coined these negative voices in your head ‘ Public Speaking Monkeys® ‘. They cause you to think negatively about your upcoming presentation. Different people have different monkeys, some of the common things they tell you are ‘You’re stupid!’ and ‘You’re not good enough!’ or ‘You’re boring’. It is important not to just ignore these voices, but understand how they are trying to help you and then replace them with more encouraging ‘Helpful Monkeys’.

Those negative monkeys cause an increase in your heart rate because you feel fearful which can then kick off the ‘downward spiral’ where one thing leads to another and the situation goes into free fall. We’ve worked with clients who have even pretended to get cut off of their virtual call because they felt so out of control. You feel your heart rate increase, you begin to worry about coming across as anxious, and then you look worried and actually do come across as nervous – a self-fulfilling prophecy! For more information on how to overcome nerves before a presentation click here . You can read more on this downward spiral and how to correct it in these 2 books High-Performance Presentations and Taming Your Public Speaking Monkeys .

Not everybody realises that your body language impacts how you think and how you think impacts your body language. Standing correctly with a good presenter stance where you are upright, shoulders are back and the head is raised gives you the best chance of having a good mindset which will come through in your breathing and voice. To help we have created a video series on body language, stance and hands and we have written a whole blog on the importance of good posture for public speaking which you can find here . Similar techniques apply even when you are sitting down and speaking. In our ‘present with confidence ‘ training course, we also show participants where to look and where not to look when presenting, how to remain calm and how to come across with gravitas.

When your heart is pounding and you’re feeling nervous about presenting you are also likely to be breathing too quickly. Most adults in the western world are not breathing correctly, they are breathing from their upper chest, causing their shoulders to go up and down as they breathe, rather than using their diaphragm to breathe.

Exercise – are you breathing correctly?

• Take a deep breath in, and a relaxed breath out.
• Notice – did your shoulders go up towards your ears and back down?
• If so, you have a dysfunctional breathing technique and you are shallow breathing (for more information see our blog on don’t forget to breathe ). If you are breathing correctly your stomach should move out and in.

Once you have the correct breathing in place, you can focus on getting rid of tension in your voice and speaking clearly. For more help, check out our blog on “ How to Improve your Speaking Voice and Volume with the Help of Apps ” For information on how to stop saying “um” and “erm” in your presentations click here .

In addition to these 3 areas, we work with participants to ensure their messages are clear and simple which contributes to a feeling of being calm, confident and in control.

P.S. You may not feel like your public speaking nerves are typical – after all, you might present all the time and be OK most of the time … but even so, something is making your heart pound and it is likely to be some sort of anxiety or stress.

Don’t believe those people who say “this is something you need to learn to live with”. We believe you can learn to present without your heart pounding through your chest and instead feel calm and confident.

Simply Amazing Training offers professional presentation skills coaching and public speaking coaching for companies in and around London , Dorset , Kent , Leicestershire and Hertfordshire .

If you think we can help you become our next success story, then lets talk today!

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She’s Fighting to Save America’s ‘Last Best Place’ From Suicide

Montana’s suicide rate has been the highest in the U.S. for the past three years. Most of the deaths involved firearms. But suicide rarely registers in the national debate over guns.

In Montana, a state of 1.1 million people, 955 people died by suicide from January 2021 through November 2023. Credit...

Supported by

By Michael Corkery

Photographs by Tailyr Irvine

Reporting from Helena, Mont.

• Published June 10, 2024 Updated June 14, 2024

On a typical day, Ali Mullen races from her job at the county health department in Helena, Mont., to pick up dinner for her three children, heads home to feed them and then goes back out for a violin lesson or a school play, crisscrossing the small city in her aging S.U.V., with a rainbow bumper sticker that reads “You Are Loved.”

A big pack of gummy bears keeps her going, stashed in her handbag next to a different sort of lifesaver: a gun lock that she carries almost everywhere she goes.

Listen to this article with reporter commentary

In a sparsely populated state where many people own firearms, the small metal contraptions, which fit around a trigger and cost less than $10 on Amazon, are one way Montanans are trying to reduce the high rate of people who kill themselves.

For the past year, Ali, 46, has been giving gun locks away to anyone who wants one, her piece of trying to solve the puzzle of suicide in Montana.

“It’s in the culture,” she said one afternoon in Helena. “If you don’t know someone, you know of someone who has died.”

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Novo Nordisk presents key findings from semaglutide trials at ADA scientific sessions 2024

• Download PDF Copy

Novo Nordisk today announced the presentation of 34 abstracts highlighting the breadth of its portfolio at the upcoming 84 th  Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association (ADA). The conference will be held in-person and virtually from 21–24 June 2024 in Orlando, US.

Additional data from three landmark trials with semaglutide will also be presented in dedicated scientific sessions. The trials assess additional potential benefits of semaglutide, including evaluation of kidney and cardiovascular endpoints in people with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (FLOW, semaglutide 1.0 mg) and cardiovascular and glucose-related endpoints in people with obesity and CVD, with and without diabetes (SELECT and STEP HFpEF, semaglutide 2.4 mg).

We recognize that cardiometabolic conditions like cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, obesity and type 2 diabetes are often interlinked and might occur in the same patient. We need to develop medicines that address multiple facets of the diseases. The broad data being presented this year at ADA reflect this goal. In particular, data from FLOW and SELECT look at ways to treat common comorbidities of diabetes and obesity, such as kidney disease and cardiovascular disease.” Stephen Gough, senior vice president and global chief medical officer, Novo Nordisk

All abstracts will be published on the website of the journal  Diabetes ® . Data from the scientific sessions will be made available after their presentation.

Summary of presentations

Scientific sessions.

The following data will be presented in the dedicated scientific sessions as a part of the scientific agenda of the congress:

Poster and oral presentations

The following abstracts were submitted by Novo Nordisk and are accepted for presentation at the congress:

About Ozempic ®

Once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide is approved in 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg and 2.0 mg doses under the brand name Ozempic ®  and indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes and to reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction or non-fatal stroke) in adults with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease.

About Rybelsus ®

Oral semaglutide is administered once daily and is approved for use in three therapeutic doses, 3 mg, 7 mg and 14 mg under the brand name Rybelsus ® . It is indicated for the treatment of adults with insufficiently controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve glycemic control as an adjunct to diet and exercise.

About Wegovy ®

Once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg is approved under the brand name Wegovy ®  and is indicated in combination with a reduced calorie diet and increased physical activity to reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke) in adults with established cardiovascular disease and either obesity or overweight, as well as to reduce excess body weight and maintain weight reduction long term in adults and pediatric patients aged 12 years and older with obesity and in adults with overweight in the presence of at least one weight-related comorbid condition.

Posted in: Drug Trial News | Medical Condition News

Tags: Agonist , Cardiometabolic , Cardiovascular Disease , Chronic , Chronic Kidney Disease , Clinical Trial , Diabetes , Diabetes Mellitus , Diet , Efficacy , Exercise , Fasting , GLP1 , GLP-1 , Glucagon , Glucagon-like Peptide-1 , Glucose , Glycemia , HbA1c , Health Care , Healthcare , Heart , Heart Failure , Hypoglycemia , in vivo , Inflammation , Insulin , Insulin Glargine , Kidney , Kidney Disease , Myocardial Infarction , Obesity , Peripheral Arterial Disease , Physical Activity , Receptor , Semaglutide , Stroke , Telemedicine , Type 2 Diabetes

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Take an ECG with the ECG app on Apple Watch

You can take an electrocardiogram (ECG) with the ECG app.

What is an ECG

An electrocardiogram (also called an ECG or EKG) is a test that records the timing and strength of the electrical signals that make the heart beat. By looking at an ECG, a doctor can gain insights about your heart rhythm and look for irregularities.

How to use the ECG app

How to read ECG details

View and Share Health information

Get the best results

Things you should know

How the ECG app

The ECG app can record your heartbeat and rhythm using the electrical heart sensor on Apple Watch Series 4 or later and all models of Apple Watch Ultra * and then check the recording for atrial fibrillation (AFib), a form of irregular rhythm.

The ECG app records an electrocardiogram which represents the electrical pulses that make your heart beat. The ECG app checks these pulses to get your heart rate and see if the upper and lower chambers of your heart are in rhythm. If they’re out of rhythm, that could be AFib.

Here's what you need

Make sure that the ECG app is available in your country or region. Learn where the ECG app is available .

Update your iPhone to the latest version of iOS and Apple Watch to the latest version of watchOS .

The ECG app is not intended for use by people under 22 years old.

Install and set up the ECG app

Open the Health app on your iPhone.

Follow the onscreen steps. If you don't see a prompt to set up, tap the Browse tab, then tap Heart > Electrocardiograms (ECG) > Set Up ECG App.

If you still don’t see the app on your Apple Watch, open the Watch App on your iPhone and tap Heart. In the ECG section, tap Install to install the ECG app.

Take an ECG

You can take an ECG at any time, when you’re feeling symptoms such as a rapid or skipped heartbeat, when you have other general concerns about your heart health, or when you receive an irregular rhythm notification .

Make sure that your Apple Watch is snug and on the wrist that you selected in the Apple Watch app. To check, open the Apple Watch app, tap the My Watch tab, then go to General > Watch Orientation.

Rest your arms on a table or in your lap.

With the hand opposite your watch, hold your finger on the Digital Crown. You don't need to press the Digital Crown during the session.

Wait. The recording takes 30 seconds. At the end of the recording, you will receive a classification, then you can tap Add Symptoms and choose your symptoms.

Tap Save to note any symptoms, then tap Done.

How to read results

After a successful reading, you will receive one of the following type of results on your ECG app. Regardless of the result, if you aren't feeling well or are experiencing any symptoms, you should talk to your doctor.

Sinus rhythm

A sinus rhythm result means the heart is beating in a uniform pattern between 50 and 100 BPM. This happens when the upper and lower chambers of the heart are beating in sync. A sinus rhythm result only applies to that particular recording and doesn’t mean your heart beats with a consistent pattern all the time. It also does not mean that you're healthy. If you're not feeling well or are feeling any symptoms, you should talk to your doctor.

Atrial fibrillation

An AFib result means the heart is beating in an irregular pattern. AFib is the most common form of serious arrhythmia, or irregular heart rhythm . If you receive an AFib classification and you have not been diagnosed with AFib, you should talk to your doctor. The ECG app ver. 1 can check for AFib between 50 and 120 BPM. The ECG app ver. 2 can check for AFib between 50 and 150 BPM.

Learn more about ECG app version availability and find out which version you're using.

Low or high heart rate

A heart rate under 50 BPM or over 120 BPM in ECG version 1 affects the ECG app’s ability to check for AFib. In ECG version 2, a heart rate under 50 BPM or over 150 BPM can affect the ECG app's ability to check for AFib.

A heart rate can be low because of certain medications or if electrical signals are not properly conducted through the heart. Training to be an elite athlete can also lead to a low heart rate.

A high heart rate could be due to exercise, stress, nervousness, alcohol, dehydration, infection, AFib, or other arrhythmia.

Inconclusive

An inconclusive result means the recording can’t be classified. It could be due to one of the following situations:

In ECG version 1, your heart rate is between 100 and 120 BPM and you are not in AFib.

You have a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD).

The recording may show signs of other arrhythmias or heart conditions that the app is not designed to recognize.

Certain physiological conditions may prevent a small percentage of users from creating enough signal to produce a good recording.

For ECG version 1, you might also get an inconclusive result if you are not resting your arms on a table during a recording, or wearing your Apple Watch too loose. Learn how to get the best results .

Poor Recording

This classification is unique to ECG version 2. Poor Recording means the result can't be classified. If you get a Poor Recording result, there are a few things you can try in order to get a better recording.

Rest your arms on a table or in your lap while you take a recording. Try to relax and not move too much.

Make sure that your Apple Watch isn't loose on your wrist. The band should be snug and the back of your Apple Watch needs to be touching your wrist.

Make sure that your wrist and your Apple Watch are clean and dry. Water and sweat can cause a poor recording.

Make sure that your Apple Watch is on the wrist you selected in Settings.

Move away from any electronics that are plugged into an outlet to avoid electrical interference.

If you need help, contact Apple Support .

View and share your Health information

The ECG waveform, its associated classifications, and any noted symptoms will be saved in the Health app on your iPhone or iPad. You can also share a PDF with your doctor.

Open the Health app on your iPhone or iPad.

Tap Heart, then tap Electrocardiograms (ECG).

Tap the chart for your ECG result.

Tap Export a PDF for Your Doctor.

How to get the best results

Make sure that your Apple Watch isn’t loose on your wrist. The band should be snug , and the back of your Apple Watch needs to be touching your wrist.

Make sure that your wrist and your Apple Watch are clean and dry .

Make sure that your Apple Watch is on the wrist that you selected in the Apple Watch app. To check, open the Apple Watch app, tap the My Watch tab, then go to General > Watch Orientation.

A small percentage of people may have certain physiological conditions preventing the creation of enough signal to produce a good recording — for example, the positioning of the heart in the chest can change the electrical signal levels, which could impact the ECG app’s ability to obtain a measurement.

Liquid-free contact is required for the ECG app to work properly. Use of the ECG app may be impacted if the Apple Watch and/or skin aren't entirely dry. Make sure that your wrist and hands are thoroughly dry before attempting a reading. To ensure the best reading after swimming, showering, heavy perspiration, or washing your hands, clean and dry your Apple Watch . It may take one hour or more for your Apple Watch to completely dry.

The ECG app cannot detect a heart attack. If you ever experience chest pain, pressure, tightness, or what you think is a heart attack, call emergency services immediately.

The ECG app cannot detect blood clots or a stroke.

The ECG app cannot detect other heart-related conditions. These include high blood pressure, congestive heart failure, high cholesterol, or other forms of arrhythmia.

If you’re not feeling well or are feeling any symptoms, talk to your doctor or seek immediate medical attention.

How the ECG app works

The ECG app on Apple Watch Series 4 or later and all models of Apple Watch Ultra generates an ECG that is similar to a single-lead (or Lead I) ECG. In a doctor’s office, a standard 12-lead ECG is usually taken. This 12-lead ECG records electrical signals from different angles in the heart to produce twelve different waveforms. The ECG app on Apple Watch measures a waveform similar to one of those twelve waveforms. A single-lead ECG is able to provide information about heart rate and heart rhythm and enables classification of AFib. However, a single-lead ECG cannot be used to identify some other conditions, like heart attacks. Single-lead ECGs are often prescribed by doctors for people to wear at home or within the hospital so that the doctor can get a better look at the underlying rate and rhythm of the heart. However, the ECG app on Apple Watch Series 4 or later and all models of Apple Watch Ultra allows you to generate an ECG similar to a single-lead ECG without a prescription from your doctor.

In studies comparing the ECG app on Apple Watch to a standard 12-lead ECG taken at the same time, there was agreement between the ECG app classification of the rhythm as sinus or AFib compared to the standard 12-lead ECG.

The ability of the ECG app to accurately classify an ECG recording into AFib and sinus rhythm was tested in a clinical trial of approximately 600 subjects, and demonstrated 99.6% specificity with respect to sinus rhythm classification and 98.3% sensitivity for AFib classification for the classifiable results.

The clinical validation results reflect use in a controlled environment. Real world use of the ECG app may result in a greater number of strips being deemed inconclusive and not classifiable.

ECG app Instructions for Use (IFU)

Set up heart rate notifications on your Apple Watch

Learn about the accuracy and limitations of the heart sensors

* The ECG app is not supported on Apple Watch SE or with Family Setup.

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Find what’s been asked and answered by Apple customers.

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WWDC24 Highlights

Apple Reveals Apple Intelligence

iOS 18 Makes iPhone More Personal and Intelligent Than Ever

iPadOS 18 Takes iPad to the Next Level

macOS Sequoia Brings New Ways of Working and Transformative Intelligence to Mac

watchOS 11 Offers Powerful Health and Fitness Insights, and More Personalization

visionOS 2 Brings New Spatial Computing Experiences to Apple Vision Pro

Home and Audio Updates Elevate Entertainment and Bring More Convenience

Text of this article

June 10, 2024

Relive the biggest moments from WWDC24

Today Apple kicked off its 2024 Worldwide Developers Conference, revealing groundbreaking new technologies and features during a keynote that was live-streamed from Apple Park to millions around the world. During the weeklong event, developers and students will have unique access to Apple experts, as well as insight into new tools, frameworks, and features to help elevate their apps and games.

This year’s keynote revealed Apple Intelligence , the personal intelligence system that combines the power of generative models with users’ personal context — at the core of iPhone, iPad, and Mac to deliver intelligence that’s incredibly useful and relevant. Major updates also come to iOS 18 , iPadOS 18 , macOS Sequoia , and watchOS 11 , including the biggest-ever redesign of the Photos app, game-changing productivity tools, and new ways for users to express themselves and customize their devices. visionOS 2 brings powerful new ways to interact with Apple Vision Pro and exciting updates to spatial photos and Mac Virtual Display, and tvOS 18 infuses useful information in Apple TV+ films and shows on users’ biggest screen in the home.

Beginning this month, Apple Vision Pro is also coming to more countries and regions, including China mainland, Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, and next month will come to Australia, Canada, France, Germany, and the U.K.

Apple Intelligence harnesses the power of Apple silicon to understand and create language and images, take action across apps, and draw from users’ personal context to simplify and accelerate everyday tasks. A cornerstone of Apple Intelligence is on-device processing, which delivers personal intelligence without collecting users’ data. Private Cloud Compute sets a new standard for privacy in AI, with the ability to flex and scale computational capacity between on-device processing, and larger, server-based models that run on dedicated Apple silicon servers.

With iOS 18 , users will now be able to arrange apps and widgets in any open space on the Home Screen, customize the buttons at the bottom of the Lock Screen, and quickly access more controls in Control Center. With the biggest redesign ever of the Photos app, photo libraries are automatically organized in a new single view in Photos, and helpful new collections keep favorites easily accessible. All-new text effects come to iMessage, amplifying any letter, word, phrase, or emoji with dynamic, animated appearances to bring conversations to life. Users can also now communicate over satellite in the Messages app, even when a cellular or Wi-Fi connection isn’t available.

With iPadOS 18 , the iPad experience is more versatile and intelligent than ever with new features and apps designed for Apple Pencil. The Calculator app comes to iPad with Math Notes, which allows users to type or write out mathematical expressions and see them instantly solved in their own handwriting. New handwriting tools in Notes including Smart Script make handwritten notes more fluid, flexible, and easier to read.

With macOS Sequoia , Continuity between iPhone and Mac gets better than ever with iPhone Mirroring, enabling full access to and control of iPhone directly from Mac. Safari gets another big update with the new Highlights feature for effortless information discovery on webpages while browsing. Gaming is even more immersive with Personalized Spatial Audio that puts players in the middle of the action like never before. And Apple Intelligence unlocks new ways for Mac users to enhance their writing and communicate more effectively, create playful images in seconds, and more. Apple Intelligence takes full advantage of the power of Apple silicon and its Neural Engine, and will be supported by every Mac with an M-series chip.

watchOS 11 offers breakthrough insights into users’ health and fitness, and more personalization than ever. The new Vitals app surfaces key health metrics and context, the ability to measure training load offers a game-changing new experience when working out, and the popular Activity rings are even more customizable. The Smart Stack and Photos face use intelligence to feature more individualization, and Apple Watch and the Health app on iPhone and iPad offer additional support for users who are pregnant. Check In, the Translate app, and new capabilities for the double tap gesture come to Apple Watch for added connectivity and convenience.

Just months after its initial release, visionOS 2 brings powerful spatial computing experiences to Apple Vision Pro, including new ways for users to create spatial photos with the images already in their library, intuitive hand gestures to easily access important information at a glance, and new features for Mac Virtual Display, Travel Mode, and Guest User. visionOS 2 also introduces exciting new capabilities like Follow Your Breathing in the Mindfulness app, SharePlay for Photos, and multiview in the TV app.

With tvOS 18 , intelligent new features like InSight — and updates to Enhance Dialogue and subtitles — level up cinematic experiences, while new Apple Fitness+, Apple Music, and FaceTime capabilities get even better on users’ biggest screen. The Home app gains new features with iOS 18, like guest access and hands-free unlock with home keys, delivering effortless and secure access to the home. AirPods software updates will transform the way users respond to Siri with new gestures, take calls with friends and loved ones, and immerse themselves in their favorite games.

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HEART RATE. HEART RATE.

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• heart pumping
• highest rate
• maximum heart rate
• normal resting heart rate

Presentation Transcript

HEART RATE • Heart rate refers to the speed of the heartbeat, specifically the number of heartbeats per unit of time. The heart rate is typically expressed as beats per minute (bpm). The heart rate can vary according to the body's physicalneeds. Activities that can provoke change include exercise, sleep, illness, and drugs.

The normal human heart rate ranges from 60–100 bpm. • Heart rate is measured by finding the pulse of the heart.

Resting Heart Rate • Your resting heart rate is the heart pumping the lowest amount of blood you need because you’re not exercising. • Resting heart rate is dependent on your living habits and a number of factors such as quality of sleep, stress level, exercise and eating habits.

Normal Resting Heart Rate • Children 10 years and older, and adults (including seniors): 60 - 100 beats per minute • Well-trained athletes: 40 - 60 beats per minute

Finding your pulse • Wrist (radial artery) • Place the tips of your index and second finger on the palm side of your other wrist, below the base of the thumb. Press lightly with your fingers until you feel the blood pulsing beneath your fingers. Use a watch with a second hand, or look at a clock with a second hand. • Count the beats you feel for 10 seconds. Multiply this number by six to get your heart rate per minute. Counting for 1 minute gives the most accurate.

Finding your pulse • NECK (carotid artery) • Place the tips of your index and second fingers on your lower neck, on either side of your windpipe.

Maximum Heart Rate • The highest rate at which a heart should beat in a minute when people are engaged in exercise • To calculate your average maximum heart rate: • 220- age= • Example… 220-15=205 • 205 bpm for a 15 year old

Target Heart Rate • A heart rate that is attained during aerobic exercise and represents the minimum level of exertion at which cardiovascular fitness can increase for an individual in a given age group.

Target Heart Rate • To determine your target heart rate, find your maximum heart rate, then take a percentage of it (50 to 85 percent, depending on fitness level). • Example…. 220-14= 206 (MHR) 206 x .50%=103 bpm (beginner) 206 x .85%= 175 bpm (advanced) Recommended target range= 103-175 bpm

THR Zone Chart

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Target Heart Rate. Terms to Know. Heart Rate The number of heartbeats per unit of time, typically expressed as beats per minute (bpm). . Heart Rate. Heart rate can vary as the body's need to absorb oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide changes, such as: During physical exercise Sleep

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Heart Rate Monitoring. INSY 3021 Auburn University Spring 2007. Functioning. Blood Pressure. Pressure = Blood Flow (Q) x Resistance (P) Controlling Factors (For Arterial Pressure) Pumping Action of Heart Blood Volume Elasticity of Arterial Walls Blood Viscosity Peripheral Resistance.

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Target Heart Rate. Q: How do you estimate your maximum heart rate? A: Subtract your age from 220. After you find your max HR, calculate your target HR zone by calculating 60 percent and 85 percent of your maximum. Target Heart Rate. EXAMPLE: For a 15 year old: 220-15=205

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