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84 comments.

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Ummm the pdf version is not working…is the link still valid?

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that’s stupid from where do u get the worksheets

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Home / Guides / Writing Guides / Parts of a Paper / How to Write an Essay Cover Page

How to Write an Essay Cover Page

What you include in your cover page depends slightly on which citation style you are using, but the rules are generally the same.

Guide Overview

• APA cover pages
• MLA cover pages

For APA cover pages:

Include the title of the paper, running head, the author’s name, institutional affiliation, and an author’s note.

Here is an example of a cover page in APA:

For MLA cover pages:

Cover pages are not as frequently used in MLA format, as the inclusion of headers is preferred.

A header looks like this:

Cover pages can include the name of your school, your paper title, your name, your course name, your teacher or professor’s name, and the due date of the paper. If you are unsure of what to include, check with your instructor.

Here is an example of a cover page in MLA format:

For more help making cover or title pages, visit our title page generator   here.

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9.3 Organizing Your Writing

Learning objectives.

• Understand how and why organizational techniques help writers and readers stay focused.
• Assess how and when to use chronological order to organize an essay.
• Recognize how and when to use order of importance to organize an essay.
• Determine how and when to use spatial order to organize an essay.

The method of organization you choose for your essay is just as important as its content. Without a clear organizational pattern, your reader could become confused and lose interest. The way you structure your essay helps your readers draw connections between the body and the thesis, and the structure also keeps you focused as you plan and write the essay. Choosing your organizational pattern before you outline ensures that each body paragraph works to support and develop your thesis.

This section covers three ways to organize body paragraphs:

• Chronological order
• Order of importance
• Spatial order

When you begin to draft your essay, your ideas may seem to flow from your mind in a seemingly random manner. Your readers, who bring to the table different backgrounds, viewpoints, and ideas, need you to clearly organize these ideas in order to help process and accept them.

A solid organizational pattern gives your ideas a path that you can follow as you develop your draft. Knowing how you will organize your paragraphs allows you to better express and analyze your thoughts. Planning the structure of your essay before you choose supporting evidence helps you conduct more effective and targeted research.

Chronological Order

In Chapter 8 “The Writing Process: How Do I Begin?” , you learned that chronological arrangement has the following purposes:

• To explain the history of an event or a topic
• To tell a story or relate an experience
• To explain how to do or to make something
• To explain the steps in a process

Chronological order is mostly used in expository writing , which is a form of writing that narrates, describes, informs, or explains a process. When using chronological order, arrange the events in the order that they actually happened, or will happen if you are giving instructions. This method requires you to use words such as first , second , then , after that , later , and finally . These transition words guide you and your reader through the paper as you expand your thesis.

For example, if you are writing an essay about the history of the airline industry, you would begin with its conception and detail the essential timeline events up until present day. You would follow the chain of events using words such as first , then , next , and so on.

Writing at Work

At some point in your career you may have to file a complaint with your human resources department. Using chronological order is a useful tool in describing the events that led up to your filing the grievance. You would logically lay out the events in the order that they occurred using the key transition words. The more logical your complaint, the more likely you will be well received and helped.

Choose an accomplishment you have achieved in your life. The important moment could be in sports, schooling, or extracurricular activities. On your own sheet of paper, list the steps you took to reach your goal. Try to be as specific as possible with the steps you took. Pay attention to using transition words to focus your writing.

Keep in mind that chronological order is most appropriate for the following purposes:

• Writing essays containing heavy research
• Writing essays with the aim of listing, explaining, or narrating
• Writing essays that analyze literary works such as poems, plays, or books

When using chronological order, your introduction should indicate the information you will cover and in what order, and the introduction should also establish the relevance of the information. Your body paragraphs should then provide clear divisions or steps in chronology. You can divide your paragraphs by time (such as decades, wars, or other historical events) or by the same structure of the work you are examining (such as a line-by-line explication of a poem).

On a separate sheet of paper, write a paragraph that describes a process you are familiar with and can do well. Assume that your reader is unfamiliar with the procedure. Remember to use the chronological key words, such as first , second , then , and finally .

Order of Importance

Recall from Chapter 8 “The Writing Process: How Do I Begin?” that order of importance is best used for the following purposes:

• Persuading and convincing
• Ranking items by their importance, benefit, or significance
• Illustrating a situation, problem, or solution

Most essays move from the least to the most important point, and the paragraphs are arranged in an effort to build the essay’s strength. Sometimes, however, it is necessary to begin with your most important supporting point, such as in an essay that contains a thesis that is highly debatable. When writing a persuasive essay, it is best to begin with the most important point because it immediately captivates your readers and compels them to continue reading.

For example, if you were supporting your thesis that homework is detrimental to the education of high school students, you would want to present your most convincing argument first, and then move on to the less important points for your case.

Some key transitional words you should use with this method of organization are most importantly , almost as importantly , just as importantly , and finally .

During your career, you may be required to work on a team that devises a strategy for a specific goal of your company, such as increasing profits. When planning your strategy you should organize your steps in order of importance. This demonstrates the ability to prioritize and plan. Using the order of importance technique also shows that you can create a resolution with logical steps for accomplishing a common goal.

On a separate sheet of paper, write a paragraph that discusses a passion of yours. Your passion could be music, a particular sport, filmmaking, and so on. Your paragraph should be built upon the reasons why you feel so strongly. Briefly discuss your reasons in the order of least to greatest importance.

Spatial Order

As stated in Chapter 8 “The Writing Process: How Do I Begin?” , spatial order is best used for the following purposes:

• Helping readers visualize something as you want them to see it
• Evoking a scene using the senses (sight, touch, taste, smell, and sound)
• Writing a descriptive essay

Spatial order means that you explain or describe objects as they are arranged around you in your space, for example in a bedroom. As the writer, you create a picture for your reader, and their perspective is the viewpoint from which you describe what is around you.

The view must move in an orderly, logical progression, giving the reader clear directional signals to follow from place to place. The key to using this method is to choose a specific starting point and then guide the reader to follow your eye as it moves in an orderly trajectory from your starting point.

Pay attention to the following student’s description of her bedroom and how she guides the reader through the viewing process, foot by foot.

Attached to my bedroom wall is a small wooden rack dangling with red and turquoise necklaces that shimmer as you enter. Just to the right of the rack is my window, framed by billowy white curtains. The peace of such an image is a stark contrast to my desk, which sits to the right of the window, layered in textbooks, crumpled papers, coffee cups, and an overflowing ashtray. Turning my head to the right, I see a set of two bare windows that frame the trees outside the glass like a 3D painting. Below the windows is an oak chest from which blankets and scarves are protruding. Against the wall opposite the billowy curtains is an antique dresser, on top of which sits a jewelry box and a few picture frames. A tall mirror attached to the dresser takes up most of the wall, which is the color of lavender.

The paragraph incorporates two objectives you have learned in this chapter: using an implied topic sentence and applying spatial order. Often in a descriptive essay, the two work together.

The following are possible transition words to include when using spatial order:

• Just to the left or just to the right
• On the left or on the right
• Across from
• A little further down
• To the south, to the east, and so on
• A few yards away
• Turning left or turning right

On a separate sheet of paper, write a paragraph using spatial order that describes your commute to work, school, or another location you visit often.

Collaboration

Please share with a classmate and compare your answers.

Key Takeaways

• The way you organize your body paragraphs ensures you and your readers stay focused on and draw connections to, your thesis statement.
• A strong organizational pattern allows you to articulate, analyze, and clarify your thoughts.
• Planning the organizational structure for your essay before you begin to search for supporting evidence helps you conduct more effective and directed research.
• Chronological order is most commonly used in expository writing. It is useful for explaining the history of your subject, for telling a story, or for explaining a process.
• Order of importance is most appropriate in a persuasion paper as well as for essays in which you rank things, people, or events by their significance.
• Spatial order describes things as they are arranged in space and is best for helping readers visualize something as you want them to see it; it creates a dominant impression.

Writing for Success Copyright © 2015 by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

Shaping Executive Authority: a Dive into Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. V. Sawyer

This essay about the landmark case Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer explores its significance in shaping the balance of power between branches of government in the United States. Through a historical lens, it examines how this Supreme Court ruling established a framework for evaluating claims of presidential authority, particularly in times of national crisis. The case, originating during the Korean War, underscores the importance of the judiciary as a check on executive overreach and reaffirms the principle that no branch of government is above the law.

How it works

In the realm of American legal lore, there exists a tale of pivotal moments that carve the contours of governmental power. One such saga revolves around the case of Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer, a cornerstone in the edifice of U.S. jurisprudence, whose echoes still resonate through the hallowed halls of the Supreme Court. This landmark decision, born amidst the crucible of crisis, not only redefined the limits of presidential prerogative but also laid bare the intricate interplay between branches of government.

Cast your mind back to the early 1950s, a time overshadowed by the specter of war on the Korean Peninsula. In the midst of this tumult, President Harry Truman found himself confronted with a labor dispute threatening the nation’s steel production, deemed indispensable to the war effort. Faced with the specter of impending calamity, Truman wielded his executive pen, issuing an order to seize control of steel mills under the banner of national security. However, the steel magnates, led by the indomitable Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co., dared to challenge the authority of the highest office in the land, setting the stage for a legal showdown of epic proportions.

At the heart of this legal conundrum lay a fundamental question that reverberates through the corridors of power to this day: Where does the boundary lie between executive action and legislative prerogative? In rendering its verdict, the Supreme Court, led by the venerable Justice Hugo Black, articulated a nuanced framework for evaluating claims of executive authority. The Court’s ruling, delivered in 1952, serves as a lodestar for future generations grappling with the delicate balance of power enshrined in the Constitution.

In the annals of legal jurisprudence, Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer stands as a testament to the enduring principles of constitutional governance. Through its seminal decision, the Supreme Court affirmed the primacy of the rule of law over the whims of executive fiat, erecting a bulwark against the encroachment of unchecked power. This ruling, far from a mere footnote in history, continues to shape the contours of contemporary debates surrounding executive authority and the separation of powers.

Beyond its immediate ramifications, Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer serves as a cautionary tale for those who would seek to wield the scepter of authority without heed to the constraints imposed by the Constitution. It reminds us that in a nation founded upon the principles of liberty and justice, no branch of government is above the law. As we navigate the treacherous waters of governance, let us heed the lessons of history and strive to uphold the sacred trust bestowed upon us by the framers of the Constitution.

In conclusion, the saga of Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer is not merely a footnote in the annals of legal history but a timeless parable that speaks to the enduring struggle for liberty and justice. Through its landmark ruling, the Supreme Court reaffirmed the principle that in a democracy, power must be tempered by the constraints of law and the dictates of justice. As we chart our course through the turbulent seas of governance, let us remember the lessons of the past and steer our ship towards the shores of a more perfect union.

Cite this page

Shaping Executive Authority: A Dive into Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer. (2024, Jun 01). Retrieved from https://papersowl.com/examples/shaping-executive-authority-a-dive-into-youngstown-sheet-and-tube-co-v-sawyer/

"Shaping Executive Authority: A Dive into Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer." PapersOwl.com , 1 Jun 2024, https://papersowl.com/examples/shaping-executive-authority-a-dive-into-youngstown-sheet-and-tube-co-v-sawyer/

PapersOwl.com. (2024). Shaping Executive Authority: A Dive into Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer . [Online]. Available at: https://papersowl.com/examples/shaping-executive-authority-a-dive-into-youngstown-sheet-and-tube-co-v-sawyer/ [Accessed: 2 Jun. 2024]

"Shaping Executive Authority: A Dive into Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer." PapersOwl.com, Jun 01, 2024. Accessed June 2, 2024. https://papersowl.com/examples/shaping-executive-authority-a-dive-into-youngstown-sheet-and-tube-co-v-sawyer/

"Shaping Executive Authority: A Dive into Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer," PapersOwl.com , 01-Jun-2024. [Online]. Available: https://papersowl.com/examples/shaping-executive-authority-a-dive-into-youngstown-sheet-and-tube-co-v-sawyer/. [Accessed: 2-Jun-2024]

PapersOwl.com. (2024). Shaping Executive Authority: A Dive into Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer . [Online]. Available at: https://papersowl.com/examples/shaping-executive-authority-a-dive-into-youngstown-sheet-and-tube-co-v-sawyer/ [Accessed: 2-Jun-2024]

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Alito’s Second Flag Is About More Than Just Jan. 6.

It’s a window into the supreme court justice’s ominous vision..

On Wednesday, the New York Times reported that in addition to the upside-down American flag Justice Samuel Alito and his wife displayed outside of their home in suburban Virginia after the 2020 election, there was yet another provocative and highly political flag flown at an Alito household—this one hoisted on a flag pole outside of their vacation home in New Jersey in 2023.

This second flag, white with green pine tree, bears the words “An Appeal to Heaven.” Among certain circles, it has a very clear meaning: that the faithful should appeal to the forces of heaven to elect and seat Donald Trump as president.

If you look at the images from the Jan. 6 insurrection, Appeal to Heaven flags were everywhere. That the Alitos chose to display one outside of their home—in 2023!—cannot be separated from the flag’s ubiquity at the Capitol riots.

But in reality, the flag’s meaning is more complicated than just its association with Jan. 6—and in some ways, more ominous.

The Appeal to Heaven Flag is an old symbol from the American Revolution that was resurrected—and reinterpreted—around 2013 by a charismatic religious leader called Dutch Sheets. Sheets is associated with a network known as the New Apostolic Reformation that was started in the 1990s and is characterized in part by religious leaders and churches who are inspired to wage “spiritual warfare” against their enemies through the act of targeted prayer. NAR also preaches political organizing in the earthly realm, to conquer different facets of society for God.

To the charismatic Christians who this flag was meant to speak to in the early 2010s—that is,  particular nondenominational sects of Christians who believe in earthly miracles and the ongoing and constant intervention of the divine, and who often practice their faith through speaking in tongues and other similar displays—“appealing to Heaven” means praying for the intervention of God’s forces on earth. Many charismatic Christians in D.C. on Jan. 6 traveled there to pray, on the NAR leaders’ request, in proximity to the Capitol, against the forces of evil that they believe Trump was up against.

Sheets, who was already a prominent name among charismatic Christians, used the flag as a symbol of the spiritual fight to push Christianity deeper into society and especially into politics. In 2015, after Obergefell v. Hodges , which legalized gay marriage nationwide, his movement expanded—and the flag started to gain prominence in other conservative Christian circles. This was a moment when many conservative Christians felt the nation had turned away from Biblical values; they needed to appeal to heaven for God’s intervention.

The Appeal to Heaven flag began to pop up everywhere. But it truly took off when Trump lost the 2020 election. Charismatic Christian prophets and apostles had already declared that Trump was anointed by God to be the next president, to fight the forces of evil in America. So in the aftermath of Trump’s loss, when it seemed to charismatic Christians that demonic entities were gaining territory in this spiritual battle, believers once again called upon God’s forces for miraculous intervention. These Christians may not be told by their religious leaders to fight in the earthly realm, but they’ve still been primed to think of the world as a battlefield, and themselves as soldiers, in a very real sense.

Since the insurrection, the flag has continued to appear at events for Christian nationalist figures in politics such as former Pennsylvania gubernatorial candidate Doug Mastriano. House Speaker Mike Johnson, too, displays an Appeal to Heaven flag outside his office door .

Johnson, though, is Southern Baptist—not a background that aligns with Sheets’ particular Christian tradition. Alito is also not affiliated with charismatic Christianity. He comes from a Roman Catholic faith tradition. Nor is Leonard Leo, who also flew the flag . Leo, the Federalist Society figure often credited for the current makeup of the Supreme Court, is a traditionalist Catholic.

The spread of this symbol among various political conservatives shows just how much the Appeal to Heaven flag has caught on with Christian nationalists, defined as those who abide by the (ahistorical) belief that the United States was founded as an explicitly Christian nation and needs to be reclaimed as one. (A Christian nation can mean many things, but at its core, it means a government that operates by Christian values, with an explicit privileging of the Christian faith above other religions.)

In other words, the current iteration of the flag has expanded beyond the community that birthed it—a huge success for Sheets, who can now use it to excite a much broader audience. Some see the flag as a call to spiritual warfare. Others interpret it as a symbol that God backs their specific conservative, Christian visions for the country. And it is also, now, inextricably linked to the violence of Jan. 6 and the effort to overturn the 2020 presidential election results.

Some conservatives have pointed defensively to the flag’s origin in the Revolutionary War to justify the Alitos’ actions. The idea that the symbol is pulled from U.S. history could grant the flag a veneer of democratic legitimacy—but no one should confuse it for a contemporary democratic symbol. It’s a resurrected emblem, with a uniquely theocratic twist.

Regardless, anyone who owns one of these flags knows the most basic message behind it: America needs to be re-won for God. It involves Trump. But the goal will outlast him.

More From Forbes

5 strategies to unlock your winning college essay.

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CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS - JUNE 29: People walk through the gate on Harvard Yard at the Harvard ... [+] University campus on June 29, 2023 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that race-conscious admission policies used by Harvard and the University of North Carolina violate the Constitution, bringing an end to affirmative action in higher education. (Photo by Scott Eisen/Getty Images)

The college application season is upon us, and high school students everywhere are staring down at one of the most daunting tasks: the college essay. As someone who has guided countless applicants through the admissions process and reviewed admissions essays on an undergraduate admissions committee, I've pinpointed the essential ingredient to a differentiated candidacy—the core of your college admissions X-factor .

The essential ingredient to your college admissions X-factor is your intellectual vitality. Intellectual vitality is your passion for learning and curiosity. By demonstrating and conveying this passion, you can transform an average essay into a compelling narrative that boosts your chances of getting accepted to your top schools. Here are five dynamic strategies to achieve that goal.

Unleash Your Authentic Voice

Admissions officers sift through thousands of essays every year. What stops them in their tracks? An authentic voice that leaps off the page. Forget trying to guess what the admissions committee wants to hear. Focus on being true to yourself. Share your unique perspective, your passions, and your values. Authenticity resonates deeply with application reviewers, making your essay memorable and impactful. You need not have experienced trauma or tragedy to create a strong narrative. You can write about what you know—intellectually or personally—to convey your enthusiasm, creativity, and leadership. Intellectual vitality shines through when you write with personalized reflection about what lights you up.

Weave A Captivating Story

Everyone loves a good story, and your essay is the perfect place to tell yours. The Common Application personal statement has seven choices of prompts to ground the structure for your narrative. The most compelling stories are often about the smallest moments in life, whether it’s shopping at Costco or about why you wear socks that have holes. Think of the Common Application personal statement as a window into your soul rather than a dry list of your achievements or your overly broad event-based life story. Use vivid anecdotes to bring your experiences to life. A well-told story can showcase your growth, highlight your character, and illustrate how you've overcome challenges. Intellectual vitality often emerges in these narratives, revealing how your curiosity and proactive approach to learning have driven you to explore and innovate.

Reflect And Reveal Insights

It's not just about what you've done—it's about what you've learned along the way. When you are writing about a specific event, you can use the STAR framework—situation, task, action, and result (your learning). Focus most of your writing space on the “R” part of this framework to dive deeply into your experiences and reflect on how they've shaped your aspirations and identity.

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The most insightful college-specific supplement essays demonstrate depth of thought, and the ability to connect past experiences with your future life in college and beyond. Reflecting on your intellectual journey signals maturity and a readiness to embrace the college experience. It shows admissions officers that you engage deeply with your studies and are eager to contribute to the academic community.

Highlight Your Contributions—But Don’t Brag

Whether it's a special talent, an unusual hobby, or a unique perspective, showcasing what you can bring to the college environment can make a significant impact. Recognize that the hard work behind the accomplishment is what colleges are interested in learning more about—not retelling about the accomplishment itself. (Honors and activities can be conveyed in another section of the application.) Walk us through the journey to your summit; don’t just take us to the peak and expect us know how you earned it.

Intellectual vitality can be demonstrated through your proactive approach to solving problems, starting new projects, or leading initiatives that reflect your passion for learning and growth. These experiences often have a place in the college-specific supplement essays. They ground the reasons why you want to study in your major and at the particular college.

Perfect Your Prose

Great writing is essential. Anyone can use AI or a thesaurus to assist with an essay, but AI cannot write your story in the way that you tell it. Admissions officers don’t give out extra credit for choosing the longest words with the most amount of syllables.

The best essays have clear, coherent language and are free of errors. The story is clearly and specifically told. After drafting, take the time to revise and polish your writing. Seek feedback from teachers, mentors, or trusted friends, but ensure the final piece is unmistakably yours. A well-crafted essay showcases your diligence and attention to detail—qualities that admissions officers highly value. Intellectual vitality is also reflected in your writing process, showing your commitment to excellence and your enthusiasm for presenting your best self.

Crafting a standout college essay is about presenting your true self in an engaging, reflective, and polished manner while showcasing your intellectual vitality. Happy writing.

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Trump found guilty: Read the court transcript of the hush money trial's final day

History was made Thursday afternoon when a Manhattan jury handed down a guilty verdict to former president Donald Trump .

Judge Juan Merchan was poised to dismiss the jury for the evening on their second day of deliberating when he received the note.

The jury found Trump guilty of 34 counts of falsifying business records to disguise the hush money payment issued to porn star Stormy Daniels ahead of the 2016 election as legal expenses. Trump is expected to appeal the decision .

Cameras were not allowed in the courtroom, but you can experience the historic moment through court transcripts :

Understanding the verdict: What was Trump found guilty of? See the 34 business records the jury decided he falsified

Prep for the polls: See who is running for president and compare where they stand on key issues in our Voter Guide

Read Trump trial transcript of guilty verdict proceedings

You can read all testimony transcripts on the New York Court media website .

Trump found guilty: Catch up on the trial's sex stories, secret tapes and court drama

See the first verdict sheet of a former president

What's next for donald trump.

Judge  Juan Merchan  has scheduled Trump's sentencing for July 11, and Trump is out free until then.

Because this is Trump's first felony offense, his sentence is likely to be as light as probation or home confinement. If he does receive a prison  sentence , it would probably be less than a year.

Trump is also likely to appeal the conviction, further pushing down any chance he serves jailtime before the election.

Contributing: Aysha Bagchi

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Read the Verdict Sheet in the Trump Manhattan Criminal Trial

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Former President Donald J. Trump was convicted on Thursday on all 34 counts of falsifying business records by a jury of 12 New Yorkers, who deliberated over two days.

A PDF version of this document with embedded text is available at the link below:

Download the original document (pdf)

Verdict Sheet SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK PART 59 THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY NEW YORK INDICTMENT No. 71543-23 against JUSTICE JUAN MERCHAN DATE 05/29/2024 DONALD J. TRUMP Defendant COUNT NUMBER CRIME GUILTY NOT GUILTY 1 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Invoice: 2/14/17; $70,000) ✓ 2 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Voucher No. 842457; $35,000) 3 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Voucher No. 842460; $35,000) 4 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Check No. 000138; $70,000) ✓ 5 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Invoice: 3/16/17; $35,000) 6 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Voucher No. 846907) ✓ 7 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Check No. 000147; $35,000) ✓ 8 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS - 1ST DEGREE (Invoice: 4/13/17; $35,000) 9 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS - 1ST DEGREE (Voucher No. 858770) ✓ 10 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Check No. 002740; $35,000) ✓ 11 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS - 1ST DEGREE (Invoice: 5/22/17; $35,000) ✓ 12 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Voucher No. 855331) ADA Juchun Stringlass DC: Emil Boy (543) DATE: 5130124 FOREPERSON: B400 PAGE 1 OF 3

Verdict Sheet SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK PART 59 THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY NEW YORK INDICTMENT No. 71543-23 against JUSTICE JUAN MERCHAN DONALD J. TRUMP DATE 05/29/2024 Defendant COUNT NUMBER CRIME GUILTY NOT GUILTY 13 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS - 1ST DEGREE (Check No. 002700; $35,000) 14 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Invoice: 6/16/17; $35,000) 15 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Voucher No. 858772) ✓ 16 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Check No. 002741; $35,000) ✓ 17 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS - 1ST DEGREE (Invoice: 7/11/17; $35,000) 18 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Voucher No. 861096) ✓ 19 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Check No. 002781; $35,000) 20 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS - 1ST DEGREE (Invoice: 8/1/17; $35,000) ✓ 24 21 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Voucher No. 863641) ✓ 22 22 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Check No. 002821; $35,000) ✓ 23 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Invoice: 9/11/17; $35,000) 24 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Voucher No. 868174) ADA Joshur Steinglass S DC: Emil Bon ✓ DATE: 5/30/24 FOREPERSON: B400 PAGE 2 OF 3

Verdict Sheet SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK PART 59 COUNTY NEW YORK THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK INDICTMENT No. 71543-23 against JUSTICE JUAN MERCHAN DATE DONALD J. TRUMP 05/29/2024 Defendant COUNT NUMBER CRIME 25 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS - 1ST DEGREE (Check No. 002908; $35,000) 26 26 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Invoice: 10/18/17; $35,000) GUILTY NOT GUILTY 27 27 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Voucher No. 872654) ✓ 28 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Check No. 002944; $35,000) ✓ 29 29 30 30 31 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Invoice: 11/20/17; $35,000) FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS - 1ST DEGREE (Voucher No. 876511) FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Check No. 002980; $35,000) 32 32 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS -1ST DEGREE (Invoice: 12/1/17; $35,000) ✓ 33 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS - 1ST DEGREE (Voucher No. 877785) ✓ 34 FALSIFYING BUSINESS RECORDS - 1ST DEGREE (Check No. 003006; $35,000) ADA Jeshun Steinglass DC: Emil Ban FB DATE: 5/30/24 FOREPERSON: B400 PAGE 3 OF 3

Our Coverage of the Trump Hush-Money Trial

Guilty Verdict : Donald Trump was convicted on all 34 counts  of falsifying records to cover up a sex scandal that threatened his bid for the White House in 2016, making him the first American president to be declared a felon .

What Happens Next: Trump’s sentencing hearing on July 11 will trigger a long and winding appeals process , though he has few ways to overturn the decision .

Reactions: Trump’s conviction reverberated quickly across the country  and around the world . Here’s what voters , New Yorkers , Republicans , Trump supporters  and President Biden  had to say.

The Presidential Race : The political fallout of Trump’s conviction is far from certain , but the verdict will test America’s traditions, legal institutions and ability to hold an election under historic partisan tension .

Making the Case: Over six weeks and the testimony of 20 witnesses, the Manhattan district attorney’s office wove a sprawling story  of election interference and falsified business records.

Legal Luck Runs Out: The four criminal cases that threatened Trump’s freedom had been stumbling along, pleasing his advisers. Then his good fortune expired .

JEE Advanced Response Sheet 2024 Released At jeeadv.ac.in- Check Direct Link, Steps To Download Here

J EE Advanced Response Sheet 2024: The Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) Advanced 2024 response sheet was released today (May 31) by the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras (IIT Madras). The JEE Advanced response sheet can be downloaded from the official website, jeeadv.ac.in. Furthermore, the provisional answer keys for JEE Advanced 2024 will be available on June 2. Candidates can submit objections/challenges to the provided answer keys until June 3. The final answer keys will be released on June 9.

The provisional answer key is subject to change. The provisional answer keys for Papers 1 and 2 will be available on the web portal. Following the display of preliminary answer keys, candidates may provide comments, if any, using the candidate portal.

JEE Advanced Response Sheet 2024: Steps to download here

Step 1: Visit the official website for JEE Advanced 2024, jeeadv.ac.in.

Step 2: Click the IIT JEE Advanced response sheet link.

Step 3: The response sheet will open in the form of a pdf.

Step 4: Download and save the PDF document.

JEE Advanced Response Sheet 2024; direct link to download here

This year's examination was held on May 25, 2024, in two sessions for about 1 lakh students.The top performers will be announced alongside the results. Those that qualify will be assigned a place at the top IIT.

Donald Trump found guilty in historic New York hush money case

A New York jury on Thursday found Donald Trump guilty on all 34 felony counts of falsifying business records — the first time a former U.S. president has been convicted of a crime.

The jury reached its verdict in the historic case after 9½ hours of deliberations, which began Wednesday. 

He'll be sentenced on July 11, four days before the Republican National Convention. He faces penalties from a fine to four years in prison on each count, although it's expected he would be sentenced for the offenses concurrently, not consecutively.

Follow live updates here.

"This was a disgrace. This was a rigged trial by a conflicted judge who was corrupt,” Trump fumed to reporters afterward.

The verdict was read in the Manhattan courtroom where Trump has been on trial since April 15. He had pleaded not guilty to 34 counts of falsifying business records related to a hush money payment his former lawyer Michael Cohen made to adult film star Stormy Daniels in the final weeks of the 2016 presidential election.

Trump looked down with his eyes narrowed as the jury foreperson read the word "guilty" to each count.

The judge thanked the jurors for their service in the weekslong trial. “You gave this matter the attention it deserved, and I want to thank you for that,” Judge Juan Merchan told them. Trump appeared to be scowling at the jurors as they walked by him on their way out of the courtroom.

Trump's attorney Todd Blanche made a motion for acquittal after the jury left the room, which the judge denied.

Manhattan District Attorney Alvin Bragg would not comment on what type of sentence he might seek, saying his office would do its talking in court papers.

"While this defendant may be unlike any other in American history, we arrived at this trial and ultimately today at this verdict in the same manner as every other case that comes to the courtroom doors — by following the facts and the law in doing so, without fear or favor," Bragg said. Asked for his reaction to the verdict, Bragg, who was inundated with threats from Trump supporters during the probe, said, "I did my job. We did our job."

Trump, the presumptive Republican nominee for president, immediately set out fundraising off the news, posting on his website that he's "a political prisoner" and urging his followers to give money.

Legal experts have told NBC News that even if Trump is sentenced to time behind bars, he'd most likely be allowed to remain out of jail while he appeals the verdict, a process that could take months or more. That means the sentence would most likely not interfere with his ability to accept the Republican nomination for president at the July convention.

And it likely wouldn't impact his ability to be elected. "There are no other qualifications other than those in the Constitution,” Chuck Rosenberg, a former U.S. attorney and NBC News & MSNBC Legal Analyst said following Thursday’s verdict.

President Joe Biden's campaign praised the verdict in a statement but stressed that Trump needs to be defeated in November.

“In New York today, we saw that no one is above the law," said the campaign's communications director, Michael Tyler, but the "verdict does not change the fact that the American people face a simple reality. There is still only one way to keep Donald Trump out of the Oval Office: at the ballot box."

In his closing argument this week, prosecutor Joshua Steinglass told the jury that “the law is the law, and it applies to everyone equally. There is no special standard for this defendant.”

“You, the jury, have the ability to hold the defendant accountable,” Steinglass said.

Trump had maintained that the DA’s office had no case and that there had been no crime. “President Trump is innocent. He did not commit any crimes,” Blanche said in his closing statement, arguing the payments to Cohen were legitimate.

Prosecutors said the disguised payment to Cohen was part of a “planned, coordinated long-running conspiracy to influence the 2016 election, to help Donald Trump get elected through illegal expenditures, to silence people who had something bad to say about his behavior, using doctored corporate records and bank forms to conceal those payments along the way.”

“It was election fraud. Pure and simple,” prosecutor Matthew Colangelo said in his opening statement.

While Trump wasn’t charged with conspiracy, prosecutors argued he caused the records to be falsified because he was trying to cover up a violation of state election law — and falsifying business records with the intent to cover another crime raises the offense from a misdemeanor to a felony. 

Trump was convicted after a sensational weekslong trial that included combative testimony from Cohen, Trump’s self-described former fixer, and Daniels, who testified that she had a sexual encounter with Trump in 2006 after she met him at a celebrity golf tournament. Trump has denied her claim, and his attorney had suggested that Cohen acted on his own because he thought it would make “the boss” happy.

Other witnesses included former White House staffers, among them adviser Hope Hicks, former Trump Organization executives and former National Enquirer publisher David Pecker.  

Trump didn’t take the witness stand to offer his own account of what happened, even though he proclaimed before the trial began that he would “absolutely” testify. The defense’s main witness was Robert Costello, a lawyer whom Cohen considered retaining in 2018. Costello, who testified that Cohen had told him Trump had nothing to do with the Daniels’ payment, enraged Merchan by making disrespectful comments and faces on the stand. At one point, the judge cleared the courtroom during Costello’s testimony and threatened to hold him in contempt. 

Cohen testified that he lied to Costello because he didn’t trust him and that he’d lied to others about Trump’s involvement at the time because he wanted to protect his former boss.

Cohen was the lone witness to testify to Trump’s direct involvement in the $130,000 payment and the subsequent reimbursement plan. Blanche spent days challenging his credibility, getting Cohen to acknowledge he has a history of lying, including under oath.

Cohen said he was paid the Daniels cash in a series of payments from Trump throughout 2017 that the Trump Organization characterized as payments pursuant to a retainer agreement “for legal services rendered.”

Prosecutors said there was no such agreement, and Cohen’s version of events was supported by documentary evidence and witness testimony. 

Blanche contended that the series of checks then-President Trump paid Cohen in 2017 “was not a payback to Mr. Cohen for the money that he gave to Ms. Daniels” and that he was being paid for his legal work as Trump’s personal lawyer.

Testimony from Jeff McConney, a former senior vice president at Trump’s company, challenged that position. McConney said the company’s chief financial officer, Allen Weisselberg, told him that Cohen was being reimbursed for a $130,000 payment, and prosecutors entered Weisselberg’s handwritten notes about the payment formula as evidence. Cohen said Trump agreed to the arrangement in a meeting with him and Weisselberg just days before he was inaugurated as the 45th president.

Weisselberg didn't testify. He’s in jail on a perjury charge related to his testimony in New York Attorney General Letitia James’ civil fraud case against Trump and his company. Cohen, McConney and other witnesses said Weisselberg, who spent decades working for Trump, always sought his approval for large expenditures. 

In all, the prosecution called 20 witnesses, while the defense called two.

Trump had frequently claimed, falsely, that the charges against him were a political concoction orchestrated by Biden to keep him off the campaign trail. But Trump eventually managed to bring the campaign to the courtroom, hosting top Republicans, including House Speaker Mike Johnson of Louisiana and Sens. JD Vance of Ohio and Rick Scott of Florida, as his guests in court. Trump also used court breaks to tout political messages to his supporters, while his surrogates sidestepped Merchan’s gag order by attacking witnesses, individual prosecutors and Merchan’s daughter.

Merchan fined Trump $10,000 during the trial for violating his order, including attacks on Cohen and Daniels, and warned he could have him locked up if he continued violating the order.

Cohen celebrated the verdict in a post on X. "Today is an important day for accountability and the rule of law. While it has been a difficult journey for me and my family, the truth always matters," Cohen wrote.

Trump was indicted in March of last year after a yearslong investigation by Bragg and his predecessor, Cyrus Vance. The charges were the first ever brought against a former president, although Trump has since been charged and pleaded not guilty in three other cases. None of the three — a federal election interference case in Washington, D.C., a state election interference case in Georgia and a federal case alleging he mishandled classified documents and national security information — appear likely to go to trial before the Nov. 5 presidential election.

Adam Reiss is a reporter and producer for NBC and MSNBC.

Gary Grumbach produces and reports for NBC News, based in Washington, D.C.

Dareh Gregorian is a politics reporter for NBC News.

Tom Winter is a New York-based correspondent covering crime, courts, terrorism and financial fraud on the East Coast for the NBC News Investigative Unit.

Jillian Frankel is a 2024 NBC News campaign embed.

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JEE Advanced Response sheets 2024 available now at jeeadv.ac.in, answer key on June 2

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