terrorism and world peace essay upsc

• Skip to primary navigation
• Skip to main content
• Skip to primary sidebar

UPSC Coaching, Study Materials, and Mock Exams

Enroll in ClearIAS UPSC Coaching Join Now Log In

Call us: +91-9605741000

Last updated on October 29, 2022 by ClearIAS Team

Defining terrorism is a tedious and confusing task as there is a lack of consensus at the international level. However several efforts have been made in this regard.

Table of Contents

Defining Terrorism

An agreed, comprehensive definition of terrorism has never been created by the international community. The United Nations’ attempts to define the term during the 1970s and 1980s failed mostly because of disagreements among its members over the use of violence in conflicts over self-determination and national liberation. Due to these differences, a conclusion cannot be reached.

According to the FBI: “Terrorism is the unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives.”

Causes of Terrorism

There are many causes for terrorism such as:

Political causes

Insurgency and guerrilla warfare, a type of organized conflict, were the contexts in which terrorism was first theorized. A non-state army or organization committing political violence. Because they dislike the current system, they pick terrorism. They oppose the current social structure and wish to change it.

Religious reasons

In the 1990s, experts started to claim that a brand-new sort of terrorism propelled by religious zeal was on the increase. They cited groups like Al Qaeda, the Japanese cult Aum Shinrikyo, and Christian identity movements. Religious concepts like martyrdom were viewed as especially hazardous.

UPSC CSE 2025: Study Plan ⇓

(1) ⇒ UPSC 2025: Prelims cum Mains

(2) ⇒ UPSC 2025: Prelims Test Series

(3) ⇒ UPSC 2025: CSAT

Note: To know more about ClearIAS Courses (Online/Offline) and the most effective study plan, you can call ClearIAS Mentors at +91-9605741000, +91-9656621000, or +91-9656731000.

Socio-Economic

According to socio-economic theories, persons who experience different types of deprivation are more likely to turn to terrorism or are more open to being recruited by groups that use terrorist tactics. Lack of political freedom, lack of access to education, and poverty are a few examples.

Types of Terrorism

The following are the various types of terrorism.

Ethno-Nationalist Terrorism

According to Daniel Byman, ethnic terrorism is the premeditated use of violence by a subnational ethnic group to further its cause. Such violence typically aims at either the establishment of a separate State or elevating one ethnic group above another.

Activities by Tamil nationalist groups in Srilanka are an example of Ethno-Nationalist terrorism.

Hoffman claims that those who engage in terrorism who are either wholly or partially driven by religious imperative view violence as a sacramental or heavenly responsibility. Religious terrorism is more destructive in nature because it adopts different justifications and modes of legitimization than other terrorist organizations.

Ideology oriented

Several ideologies have been used to legitimize terrorism. They include:

Left-Wing Extremism

The idea focuses on overthrowing the state through an armed struggle and establishing a communist state.

Right Wing Terrorism

Right-wing organizations typically aim to preserve the status quo or go back to a scenario from the past that they believe should have been preserved.

They might compel the government to seize a piece of land or to step in to defend the rights of a minority that is being “oppressed” in a neighboring nation.

State Sponsored Terrorism

State-sponsored terrorism and proxy war are as old as organized warfare itself. According to Walter Laqueur, these customs were in place in antiquity in the Eastern Empires, Rome and Byzantium, Asia, and Europe.

Impacts of Terrorism

It seriously jeopardizes global peace and security and undercuts the fundamental principles of growth, peace, and humanity. Terrorist activities not only have a catastrophic human cost in terms of lives lost or permanently changed, but they also endanger political stability and economic and social advancement.

Often, terrorist attacks disregard international boundaries.CBRNE (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives) materials are used in terrorist attacks that have devastating effects on infrastructure and communities.

Measures To Counter Terrorism

• The United Nations Office of Counter-Terrorism (UNOCT) is responsible for leading and coordinating the UN system’s efforts to prevent and combat terrorism and violent extremism worldwide.
• Under UNOCT, the UN Counter-Terrorism Centre (UNCCT) encourages global collaboration in the fight against terrorism and assists the Member States in putting the Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy into practice.
• The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime’s (UNODC) Terrorism Prevention Branch (TPB) is a key player in global efforts.
• International standards are established by the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) , a global organization that monitors money laundering and terrorist funding with the goal of preventing these illicit actions and the harm they do to society.

A combined effort at the international level is the need of the hour to tackle the perils of terrorism. Terrorism of any form is unacceptable in a civilized society.

Article written by: Vivek Rajasekharan

Top 10 Best-Selling ClearIAS Courses

Upsc prelims cum mains (pcm) gs course: unbeatable batch 2025 (online), rs.75000   rs.29000, upsc prelims marks booster + 2025 (online), rs.19999   rs.14999, upsc prelims test series (pts) 2025 (online), rs.9999   rs.4999, csat course 2025 (online), current affairs course 2025 (online), ncert foundation course (online), essay writing course for upsc cse (online), ethics course for upsc cse (online), upsc interview marks booster course (online), rs.9999   rs.4999.

About ClearIAS Team

ClearIAS is one of the most trusted learning platforms in India for UPSC preparation. Around 1 million aspirants learn from the ClearIAS every month.

Our courses and training methods are different from traditional coaching. We give special emphasis on smart work and personal mentorship. Many UPSC toppers thank ClearIAS for our role in their success.

Download the ClearIAS mobile apps now to supplement your self-study efforts with ClearIAS smart-study training.

Reader Interactions

Leave a reply cancel reply.

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Don’t lose out without playing the right game!

Follow the ClearIAS Prelims cum Mains (PCM) Integrated Approach.

Join ClearIAS PCM Course Now

UPSC Online Preparation

• Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)
• Indian Administrative Service (IAS)
• Indian Police Service (IPS)
• IAS Exam Eligibility
• UPSC Free Study Materials
• UPSC Exam Guidance
• UPSC Prelims Test Series
• UPSC Syllabus
• UPSC Online
• UPSC Prelims
• UPSC Interview
• UPSC Toppers
• UPSC Previous Year Qns
• UPSC Age Calculator
• UPSC Calendar 2024
• About ClearIAS
• ClearIAS Programs
• ClearIAS Fee Structure
• IAS Coaching
• UPSC Coaching
• UPSC Online Coaching
• ClearIAS Blog
• Important Updates
• Announcements
• Book Review
• ClearIAS App
• Work with us
• Advertise with us
• Privacy Policy
• Terms and Conditions
• Talk to Your Mentor

Featured on

and many more...

ClearIAS Programs: Admissions Open

Thank You 🙌

UPSC CSE 2025: Study Plan

Subscribe ClearIAS YouTube Channel

Get free study materials. Don’t miss ClearIAS updates.

Subscribe Now

IAS/IPS/IFS Online Coaching: Target CSE 2025

Cover the entire syllabus of UPSC CSE Prelims and Mains systematically.

Terrorism is the use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims. It is a global phenomenon that affects people from all walks of life, regardless of their nationality, religion, or ethnicity . 

What is Terrorism?

• In legal terms, although the international community has yet to adopt a comprehensive definition of terrorism, it is commonly understood to refer to acts of violence that target civilians in the pursuit of political or ideological aims.
• The Global Terrorism Index defines terrorism as ‘the threatened or actual use of illegal force and violence by a non-state actor to attain a political, economic, religious, or social goal through fear, coercion or intimidation’.
• The nature of terrorism today is shifting from traditional international terrorism of the late 20th century into a new form of transnational non-state warfare , backed modern warfare & digital technologies .

Recent Context-

• India is ranked 13th on The Global Terrorism Index (GTI) 2023, indicating its position among the countries significantly impacted by terrorism.
• The report highlights that Afghanistan remains the most affected country by terrorism, maintaining this status for the fourth consecutive year.

Types of Terrorism

Factors Leading to Spread of Terrorism

• g: Chechen terrorists in Russia.
• g: Religious persecution of people from Ahmadiyya community in Pakistan.
• g: Terrorism in Somalia, which is one of the poorest countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.
• g: Taliban was formed in the early 1990s by Afghan mujahideen who had resisted the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan (1979–89) with the covert backing of the CIA and its Pakistani counterpart, the Inter-Services Intelligence directorate (ISI).
• g: Mass gun shooting incidents in USA.

Challenges in controlling Terrorism

India specific

• Hostile neighbourhood which is breeding ground for terrorism
• Lack of citizen participation and private sector participation in beefing up the security apparatus
• absence of “bottom up” security architecture.
• Weak coordination between various security agencies.
• Presence of antinational element and insurgent group.

Global level

• Narrow Global War on Terrorism (GWOT):  The first challenge is that the “Global War on Terrorism” (GWOT), as it was conceived by a post 9/11 United States, is over with the withdrawal of the USA from Afghanistan, as the United States negotiated with the Taliban, and then withdrew from Afghanistan.
• Divided UN security council: In a polarized world divided opinion in the security council regarding the fight against terrorism.
• Toothless FATF: The decision of FATF is mostly affected by geopolitical trends around the world. This affects counterterrorism efforts negatively at global level.
• Linkages with organized crime: We are going study detail about this topic under separate heading

Terrorism & Technology

Use of Technology in propagating Terrorism/Extremism

• Multimedia communications providing ideological or practical instruction, explanations, justifications or promotion of terrorist activities.
• Modes - virtual messages, presentations, magazines, treatises, audio and video files and video games developed by terrorist organizations or sympathizers.
• Internet provides access to global pool of potential recruits , with ‘precise targeting’ of the poor & marginalized, disillusioned youth, minors, gender specific targeting etc.
• Lone wolf attacks by self-radicalised individuals using sources on the widely unregulated internet. For eg. In New Zealand, Paris, Bangladesh, Australia, UK etc.
• Modes - Internet chat groups, Encrypted messages of Whatsapp, etc.
• Use of digital transactions to raise finances for terror and to launder money.
• Direct solicitation , e-commerce , Exploitation of online payment tools , Charitable organizations
• On how to join terrorist organizations, construct explosives, firearms or other weapons, and plan and execute terrorist attacks.
• Modes – detailed online manuals, audio and video clips, information and advice.
• For eg. Inspire is an online magazine allegedly published by Al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula with the stated objective of enabling Muslims to train for jihad at home.
• Use of sophisticated Encrypted communication , UAVs, GPS Technology to plan and coordinate cross border terror attacks.
• During Uri and Pathankot attacks, GPS was used to infiltrate from blind spots of Border security agencies.
• Use of IED in Maoist areas with attacks remotely coordinated using mobile and satellite phones.
• 26/11 attack and use of satellite phones.
• Weaponized drones used by ISIS in Iraq.
• 3D printers – In 2019, the attacker of a German synagogue used 3D-printed components of the home-made weapons.
• Cyber-attack/Terrorism is an emerging threat that can potentially target critical infrastructure like power transmission, banking, nuclear installations etc. India has witnessed 3 rd highest number of cyber-attacks in the world.

Uses of the internet for countering terrorist activity

• Gathering of intelligence- []  proactively prevent, detect and deter terrorist activity.
• Gathering of evidence for the prosecution of Terrorist acts
• Counter-narratives & Awareness creation
• Cross border Anti-terrorism Cooperation & coordination

Global measures to break terrorism - technology nexus

• Global Internet Forum to Counter Terrorism (GIFCT) – Set up in 2017 by Facebook, Microsoft, Twitter, and YouTube , dedicated to disrupting terrorist abuse of members’ digital platforms.
• Global Counterterrorism Forum – International forum to reduce the vulnerability of people worldwide to terrorism.
• Tech Against Terrorism - launched and supported by the United Nations Counter Terrorism Executive Directorate . Aims at supporting the tech industry tackle terrorist exploitation of the internet, whilst respecting human rights.
• The UN Global Counter-Terrorism Coordination Compact

Counter Terrorism: Institutional & Legal provisions

• Counter Terrorism and Counter Radicalization (CTCR) Division – set up within MHA. It deals with matters relating to policy and operational issues on terrorism.
• National Investigation Agency (NIA) as a Central Counter Terrorism Law Enforcement Agency.
• Multi Agency Centre (MAC) - created as a multi-agency intelligence coordination mechanism for counter terrorism.
• National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID) - A framework that leverages Information Technology to enhance the country’s counter terrorism capability.
• Combating Financing of Terrorism Cell - in the MHA deals with the policy matters on Combating Terrorist Financing (CFT) and Fake Indian Currency notes (FICN).
• National Security Guard
• Recent amendments: The Parliament recently passed
• Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Amendment Act, 2019 allowing the Centre and States to designate individuals as terrorists and seize their property.
• National Investigation Agency (Amendment) Act, 2019 - to allow NIA to probe terrorist acts against Indians and Indian interests abroad. It also seeks to allow NIA to investigate cases of human trafficking, counterfeit currency or bank notes, manufacture or sale of prohibited arms, cyber-terrorism etc.

Way Forward 

• Enhance intelligence sharing.
• Address root causes: socio-economic factors, political grievances, and ideological indoctrination.
• Strengthen international cooperation.
• Improve border security.
• Counter online radicalization.
• Strengthen legal frameworks.
• Build community resilience.
• Invest in capacity building and training.
• Enhance international humanitarian efforts.

Answer our survey to get FREE CONTENT

Feel free to get in touch! We will get back to you shortly

• Privacy Policy
• Terms of Service
• Quality Enrichment Program (QEP)
• Intensive News Analysis (INA)
• Topper's UPSC PYQ Answer
• Essay Enrichment Program
• PSIR Optional
• NEEV GS + CSAT Foundation
• News-CRUX-10
• Daily Headlines
• Geo. Optional Monthly Editorials
• Past Papers
• © Copyright 2024 - theIAShub

Talk To Our Counsellor

• Insights IAS Brochure |
• OUR CENTERS Bangalore Delhi Lucknow Mysuru --> Srinagar Dharwad Hyderabad

Call us @ 08069405205

Search Here

• An Introduction to the CSE Exam
• Personality Test
• Annual Calendar by UPSC-2024
• Common Myths about the Exam
• About Insights IAS
• Our Mission, Vision & Values
• Director's Desk
• Meet Our Team
• Our Branches
• Careers at Insights IAS
• Daily Current Affairs+PIB Summary
• Insights into Editorials
• Insta Revision Modules for Prelims
• Current Affairs Quiz
• Static Quiz
• Current Affairs RTM
• Insta-DART(CSAT)
• Insta 75 Days Revision Tests for Prelims 2024
• Secure (Mains Answer writing)
• Secure Synopsis
• Ethics Case Studies
• Insta Ethics
• Weekly Essay Challenge
• Insta Revision Modules-Mains
• Insta 75 Days Revision Tests for Mains
• Secure (Archive)
• Anthropology
• Law Optional
• Kannada Literature
• Public Administration
• English Literature
• Medical Science
• Mathematics
• Commerce & Accountancy
• Monthly Magazine: CURRENT AFFAIRS 30
• Content for Mains Enrichment (CME)
• InstaMaps: Important Places in News
• Weekly CA Magazine
• The PRIME Magazine
• Insta Revision Modules-Prelims
• Insta-DART(CSAT) Quiz
• Insta 75 days Revision Tests for Prelims 2022
• Insights SECURE(Mains Answer Writing)
• Interview Transcripts
• Previous Years' Question Papers-Prelims
• Answer Keys for Prelims PYQs
• Solve Prelims PYQs
• Previous Years' Question Papers-Mains
• UPSC CSE Syllabus
• Toppers from Insights IAS
• Testimonials
• Felicitation
• UPSC Results
• Indian Heritage & Culture
• Ancient Indian History
• Medieval Indian History
• Modern Indian History
• World History
• World Geography
• Indian Geography
• Indian Society
• Social Justice
• International Relations
• Agriculture
• Environment & Ecology
• Disaster Management
• Science & Technology
• Security Issues
• Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude
• Insights IAS Brochure

• Indian Heritage & Culture
• Enivornment & Ecology

• How to Study Art & Culture?
• What is Art and Culture? What is the difference between the two?
• Indus Civilization
• Evolution of rock-cut architecture in India
• Important rock-cut caves
• The contribution of Pallavas to Rock-cut architecture
• Comparision of art form found at Ellora and Mahabalipuram
• Buddhist Architecture
• Early Temples in India
• Basic form of Hindu temple
• Dravida style of temple architecture
• Nagara Style or North India Temple style
• Vesara style of temple architecture
• Characteristic features of Indo-Islamic form of architecture
• Styles of Islamic architecture in the Indian subcontinent
• Types of buildings in Islamic architecture in the Indian subcontinent
• Evolution of this form of architecture during the medieval period
• Modern Architecture
• Post-Independence architecture
• Indus Civilization Sculpture
• Bharhut Sculptures
• Sanchi Sculptures
• Gandhara School of Sculpture
• Mathura School of Sculpture
• Amaravati School of Sculpture
• Gupta Sculpture
• Medieval School of Sculpture
• Modern Indian Sculpture
• Pre Historic Painting
• Mural Paintings & Cave Paintings
• Pala School
• Mughal Paintings
• Bundi School of Painting
• Malwa School
• Mewar School
• Basohli School
• Kangra School
• Decanni School of Painting
• Madhubani Paintings or Mithila paintings
• Pattachitra
• Kalighat Painting
• Modern Indian Paintings
• Personalities Associated to Paintings
• Christianity
• Zoroastrianism
• Six Schools of Philosophy
• Lokayata / Charvaka
• Hindustani Music
• Carnatic Music
• Folk Music Tradition
• Modern Music
• Personalities associated with Music
• Bharatanatyam
• Mohiniattam
• Folk Dances
• Modern Dance in India
• Sanskrit Theatre
• Folk Theatre
• Modern Theatre
• Personalities associated with Theatre
• History of Puppetry
• String Puppetry
• Shadow Puppetry
• Rod Puppetry
• Glove Puppetry
• Indian Cinema and Circus
• Shankaracharya
• Ramanujacharya (1017-1137AD)
• Madhvacharya
• Vallabhacharya
• Kabir (1440-1510 AD)
• Guru Nanak (1469-1538 AD)
• Chaitanya Mahaprabhu
• Shankar Dev
• Purandaradasa
• Samard Ramdas
• Classical Languages
• Scheduled Languages
• Literature in Ancient India
• Buddhist and Jain Literature
• Tamil (Sangam) Literature
• Malayalam Literature
• Telugu Literature
• Medieval Literature
• Modern Literature
• Important characteristics of Fairs and Festivals of India
• Some of the major festivals that are celebrated in India
• Art & Crafts
• Ancient Science & Technology
• Medieval Science & Technology
• Famous Personalities in Science & Technology
• Tangible Cultural Heritage
• Intangible Cultural Heritage
• Cultural Heritage Sites
• Natural Heritage Sites
• Important Institutions
• Important programmes related to promotion and preservation of Indian heritage
• Ochre Colored Pottery (OCP)
• Black and Red Ware (BRW)
• Painted Grey-Ware (PGW)
• Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW)
• Origin of Martial arts in India
• Various forms of Martial arts in India
• National Security Act (NSA), 1980
• Major shortcomings in India’s national security architecture
• National Security Strategy
• National Security Doctrine
• Meaning of Internal Security
• Review of Internal Security Threats and Vulnerabilities
• Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security
• Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act
• Insurgency in North East India (NEI)
• Left-wing Extremism
• Maoist insurgent more than just ideological problem
• Women cadres in left-wing extremism
• Illegal immigration in India’s northern and eastern borders
• Reasons that sustain insurgency in north east India
• Recent Developments
• Correlation between development and extremism
• Impact of US withdrawal from Afghanistan
• AFSPA Meaning
• Disturbed Area
• Powers of armed forces under AFSPA
• Origin of AFSPA
• AFSPA in Nagaland
• Constitutionality of AFSPA & Role of Judiciary
• AFSPA, a draconian Act?
• Experts Recommendation on AFSPA
• But, why have AFSPA?
• Terrorism and role of External State and Non-State Actors

Reasons for rise of Terrorism

• Terror Funding
• Terrorism Measures- Institutional and Legal Framework
• Militancy in Jammu and Kashmir
• Issues of Money Laundering
• Working of Money Laundering
• Evolving threats of Money laundering
• Impacts of globalization on money laundering
• Way forward
• Cryptocurrency and Money Laundering
• Statutory framework
• Institutional framework
• THE VIENNA CONVENTION on Money Laundering
• The FINANCIAL ACTION TASK FORCE (FATF)
• Asia/Pacific Group on Money Laundering (APG)
• Eurasian Group on Combating Money Laundering and Financing of Terrorism (EAG)
• Efforts to Tackle Black Money
• Meaning, Need and Importance of Cyber Security
• Cyber Security Framework in India
• Present Status of Cyber Security
• Cyber Security Index 2020
• Meaning and Types of Cybersecurity Threats
• What’s the Difference Between Malware, Trojan, Virus, and Worm?
• Recent Cyberattacks
• Cyber warfare
• “Supply chain” cyber-attack
• Cyber Terrorism
• Growing threat of Cyber Security
• Pegasus Spyware
• Incidences of Cyberattacks in India
• Cybercrime Against Women
• Disinformation
• Cognitive hacking
• Way Forward
• Challenges to Cyber Security
• Steps taken by the Government to spread awareness about Cybercrimes
• Cybercrime volunteer programme
• National Cyber Security Strategy 2020
• National Security Directive on Telecom Sector
• National Cyber Security Policy, 2013
• Concerns / Challenges and Wayforward
• Critical Infrastructure and Critical Information Infrastructure (CII)
• Issues and Measures with respect to Media
• Rise of Social Media in recent decade
• Positive Impact of Social Media
• Negative impact of Social Media
• Campaigns by Social Media Platforms
• Role of Social Media during Pandemic
• Challenges of Social Media in Democracy
• Spread of Fake News
• Threats to Internal Security by Social Media
• Social media in the lives of women
• Countering Deepfakes
• Checking Online Abuse
• Regulations on Social Media
• Social Media- New Rules and Implications
• Information Technology Act, 2000

Home » Security Issues » Terrorism » Reasons for rise of Terrorism

• Terrorism has been a threat not only to India’s democracy but countries worldwide affecting the enjoyment of rights of people. Terrorism has slammed and affected almost every sphere of human life, be it economic or political or social life .
• Broadly, terrorism is the antithesis of independence, development and human rights. The frontier regions of India, especially regions bordering Pakistan are the worst affected regions by terrorism .
• Terrorism, in all its form, is the greatest violator of human rights . The ruthless, barbaric, inhuman killing of innocent people is carried out by the terrorists with a view not only to challenge the authority of the Government , but also to put the security and sovereignty of the country in jeopardy.
• Terrorism in India is characterized by communist, Islamists and separatist groups. Communist terrorist groups are by far the most frequent perpetrators and the main cause of terrorism deaths in India.
• India continues to face a number of terror attacks from Islamic groups in Kashmir, Sikh separatists in Punjab, and secessionist groups in Assam.
• The most immediate and measurable impact of terrorism is physical destruction. Terrorists destroy existing plants, machines, transportation systems and other economic resources. On smaller scales, acts of terrorism may blow up different public places, markets or religious places. The impact of terrorism is always negative for the economy.
• Productive resources that might have generated valuable goods and services are destroyed, while other resources are almost invariably diverted from other productive uses to bolster the military and defense. None of these create wealth or adds to the standard of living.
• The best strategy to isolate and defeat terrorism is by respecting human rights, fostering social justice, enhancing democracy and upholding the primacy of the rule of law.

Trends in Terrorism:

• Our Mission, Vision & Values
• Director’s Desk
• Commerce & Accountancy
• Previous Years’ Question Papers-Prelims
• Previous Years’ Question Papers-Mains
• Environment & Ecology
• Science & Technology

• भाषा : हिंदी
• Classroom Courses
• Our Selections
• Student Login
• About NEXT IAS
• Director’s Desk
• Advisory Panel
• Faculty Panel
• General Studies Courses
• Optional Courses
• Interview Guidance Program
• Postal Courses
• Test Series
• Current Affairs
• Student Portal

Recently, India’s External Affairs Minister has addressed the High-Level Segment of the 46th Session of Human Rights Council (HRC) and highlighted India’s commitment to human rights and its fight against terrorism .

• India’s approach to the UN Human Rights Council is guided by the spirit of engagement, dialogue and consultation .
• It believes that equal emphasis should be placed on both the promotion and protection of human rights as both are best pursued through dialogue, consultation and cooperation among States as well as technical assistance and capacity building .
• Death or serious bodily injury to any person.
• Serious damage to public or private property, including a place of public use, a State or government facility, a public transportation system, an infrastructure facility or the environment.
• Damage to property, places, facilities, or systems resulting in or likely to result in a major economic loss.
• It encompasses a range of complex threats like organized terrorism in conflict zones, foreign terrorist fighters, radicalised ‘lone wolves’, etc.
• State-sponsorship and safe havens .
• State-of-the-art communication systems .
• Access to advanced technology .
• Networking of terrorist groups with the criminal underworld .
• It poses a major threat to international peace and security and undermines the core values of humanity, peace and growth.
• In addition to the devastating human cost of terrorism, in terms of lives lost or permanently altered, terrorist acts destabilise governments and undermine economic and social development .
• Terrorist acts often defy national borders .
• Terrorist attacks using CBRNE materials (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Explosives) have catastrophic consequences on communities and infrastructure .

Global Efforts

• Across the globe, the United Nations Office of Counter-Terrorism (UNOCT) leads and coordinates an all-of-UN approach to prevent and counter-terrorism and violent extremism.
• UN Counter-Terrorism Centre (UNCCT) under UNOCT, promotes international cooperation in the fight against terrorism and supports the Member States in implementing the Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy .
• It works to assist the Member States, upon request, with the ratification , legislative incorporation and implementation of the universal legal framework against terrorism.
• The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) which is a global money laundering and terrorist financing watchdog , sets international standards that aim to prevent these illegal activities and the harm they cause to society.

Steps Taken by India

• India, which has been a victim of cross-border terrorism , took cognizance of the threat long before the major world powers .
• It is a crime against humanity and violates the most Fundamental Human Right, namely the Right to Life ( Article 21 ).
• India has taken steps for setting up Joint Working Groups (JWGs) on counter-terrorism/security matters with countries. Bilateral treaties on Mutual Legal Assistance (MLATs) in Criminal matters to facilitate the investigation, collection of evidence, transfer of witnesses, location and action against proceeds of crime, etc. have been signed with other countries.
• In 1996 , with the objective of providing a comprehensible legal framework to counter-terrorism, India proposed to the UNGA the adoption of CCIT.
• To have a universal definition of terrorism that all members would adopt into their own criminal laws.
• To ban all terror groups and shut down terror camps.
• To prosecute all terrorists under special laws.
• To make cross-border terrorism an extraditable offence worldwide.
• Addressing the UN High-Level Conference on Heads of Counter-Terrorism (2018), India extended a five-point formula .
• Summoning the political will to unhesitatingly combat terrorism.
• Decrying double standards in the fight against terrorism.
• Reform of the working methods of the Committees dealing with Sanctions and Counter-Terrorism.
• Firmly discouraging exclusivist thinking that divides the world and harms social fabric.
• Enlisting and delisting individuals and entities under the UN sanctions regimes objectively not for political or religious considerations.
• Fully recognising and addressing the link between terrorism and transnational organized crime.
• Combating terrorist financing.
• Immediate attention to adequate funding to UN Counter-Terrorism bodies from the UN regular budget.
• Comprehensive Integrated Border Management System: It vastly improves the capability of Border Security Force (BSF) in detecting and controlling the cross border crimes like illegal infiltration, smuggling of contraband goods, human trafficking and cross border terrorism, etc.
• Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967: It enables more effective prevention of certain unlawful activities of individuals and associations and for dealing with terrorist activities, and other related matters.
• National Investigation Agency: It is India’s counter-terrorist task force and is empowered to deal with terror related crimes across states without special permission from the states.
• Policy of Zero-Tolerance Against Terrorism: India calls for zero-tolerance agianst terrorism and focuses on developing a common strategy to curb it.
• Operation Rakshak: Counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism operation in Jammu and Kashmir in 1990.
• Operation Sarp Vinash: Undertaken by Indian army to flush out terrorists in the areas of the Pir Panjal range in Jammu and Kashmir in 2003.
• Operation All Out: Joint offensive launched by Indian security forces to flush out militants and terrorists in Kashmir in 2017.

Suggestions and Way Forward

• Strong and Reformed Institutions: Multilateral institutions and mechanisms need to be strengthened and reformed to be able to deal with these emerging challenges effectively.
• Concerted Efforts: There should be a concerted effort from the countries affected by the scourge of terrorism to pressurise countries that engage in state-sponsored terrorism.
• Intelligence agencies have to be empowered both monetarily and through modern infrastructure to be able to respond in time.
• Filling and Addressing Gaps: Violation of and gaps in the implementation of human rights should be addressed in a fair and just manner, with objectivity, non-selectivity, transparency and with due respect to the principles of non-interference in internal affairs and national sovereignty.
• United Approach and Efforts: The Covid-19 pandemic has complicated the situation in many geographies so there is a need for all to come together to overcome these challenges.

RELATED ARTICLES MORE FROM AUTHOR

Daily current affairs 01-08-2024, daily current affairs 31-07-2024, daily current affairs 30-07-2024, headlines of the day 02-08-2024.

Next Generation Institute for UPSC Civil Services Examination Preparation.

• Video Gallery
• Privacy Policy
• Terms and Conditions
• UPSC CSE Posts
• Testimonials

NEXT IAS (Delhi)

Old rajinder nagar.

• 27-B, Pusa Road, Metro Pillar no.118, Near Karol Bagh Metro, New Delhi-110060

Mukherjee Nagar

• 1422, Main Mukherjee Nagar Road. Near Batra Cinema New Delhi-110009

NEXT IAS (Jaipur)

• NEXT IAS - Plot No - 6 & 7, 3rd Floor, Sree Gopal Nagar, Gopalpura Bypass, Above Zudio Showroom Jaipur (Rajasthan) - 302015

NEXT IAS (Prayagraj)

• 31/31, Sardar Patel Marg, Civil Lines, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh - 211001

NEXT IAS (Bhopal)

• Plot No. 46 Zone - 2 M.P Nagar Bhopal - 462011
• 8827664612 ,

• Study Notes
• Current Affairs
• Getting Started

NEW!   The Gist (JUNE-24)  | E-BOOKS

HOT!   UPSC IAS COMPLETE PDF NOTES  

(Sample Material) IAS Mains Essay Writing Online Coaching: Terrorism and World peace

Sample material of our ias mains gs online coaching programme, subject: essay writing topic: terrorism and world peace, for full material join online coaching, click here to buy essay study kit in hard copy.

NEW!   UPSC IAS COMPLETE NOTES

NEW!   UPSC MAINS G.S. 12 Years Solved Papers

NEW! UPSC Exam Complete Study Notes (PDF Available)

• ALERT: UPSC IAS, IPS, IFS 2025-2026 Exam...
• Download UPSC IAS PRELIM (GS+CSAT) Question...
• (Download) UPSC Toppers Study Notes PDF
• UPSC Exam Complete Study Notes 2024-2025-...
• (Download) UPSC, IAS MAINS Exam Previous...
• Getting Started for UPSC, IAS Exam - FAQ for...
• UPSC Civil Services PRELIM Exam 2024, 2025...
• UPSC आईएएस प्रारंभिक परीक्षा पिछले वर्ष के...
• Download E-Books PDF for UPSC IAS Exams
• (Date Sheet) UPSC IAS EXAM Calendar 2024
• New! THE HINDU, YOJANA, PIB PDF
• New! UPSC PRELIM Papers 2004-2024
• IAS परीक्षा पेपर in Hindi 2004-2024
• UPSC Syllabus PDF Download
• New! IAS MAINS Papers 2010-2023
• PDF Study Notes for UPSC (Hot!)
• E-books PDF Download  
• NCERT Books Download  | NCERT Hindi PDF
• New! UPSC MAINS SOLVED PAPERS PDF
• OLD NCERT PDF  
• UPSC 2024 Exam Calendar

UPSC 2024-25  |  Papers  |  PDF Notes  | Coaching  | E-Books

UPSC Hindi  |  यूपीइससी 2024-25   |  पेपर्स  |  IAS HINDI NOTES  

Disclaimer: IAS EXAM PORTAL (UPSC PORTAL) is not associated with Union Public Service Commission, For UPSC official website visit - www.upsc.gov.in

About Us | Contact Us | Terms & Conditions | Privacy Policy

© 2006-2024 IAS EXAM PORTAL - India's Largest Online Community for IAS, Civil Services Aspirants.

UPSC SUPER SIMPLIFIED

Your Goals. Our Mission.

Essay on terrorism

What is terrorism?

In the most comprehensive sense, terrorism is an intentional use of indiscriminate violence as a mechanism to create terror or fear in order to achieve a political, religious, or ideological objective. Terrorism is a form of asymmetric warfare. It is the use of violence against innocent civilians or non-combatants. The word terrorism has gained popularity following the attacks on the World Trade Centers New York in September 2001 also referred to as the 9/11 terrorist attacks.

History of terrorism

The nuisance of terrorism is as old as the Roman Empire. The roots and practice of terrorism can be traced back at least to the first century AD. The word terrorism itself was used for the first time to describe the acts of the Jacobin Club during the reign of terror in the French Revolution.

Types of terrorism

State-Sponsored terrorism

It is pursued in order to achieve such clearly stated foreign policy objectives. Massive-scale state-sponsored terrorism reemerged in international politics in the 1960s and 1970s. Now, along with religious terrorism, state-sponsored terrorism has greatly altered the design of terrorist attacks around the world. Since its independence, India has been having the same problems from Pakistan.

Ideology-oriented terrorism  

Ideology-oriented terrorism is typically categorized into two: left-wing and right-wing terrorism. 

Left-wing terrorism 

It is violence against the ruling class, mostly by the lower classes, motivated by leftist ideology. These include the Red Army faction or the Baader Meinhof Gang in former West Germany, the Red Brigades in Italy, the Maoist groups in India and Nepal. 

Right-wing Terrorism 

Right-wing groups tend to seek to protect the status quo or to return to some past situation that they feel should have been preserved. Examples of this include: fascism in Italy, nazism in Germany, white supremacist movements in the USA known as the Ku Klux Klan (KKK).

Religious terrorism

Terrorist groups are notably motivated by religion. Religious terrorism is more destructive in nature. These groups are motivated either in whole or in part by a religious imperative that considers violence as a sacred duty. The theology of ISIS is in accordance with the Wahabi theological ideology. 

Criminal Terrorism 

Terrorist activities are used to aid in crime and criminal profit. For instance, in narco-terrorism, narcotics traffickers attempt to influence the policies of the Government by systematic threat or use by violence.  

Ethnic terrorism

It is deliberate violence by a subnational ethnic group to advance its cause. Such violence usually focuses either on the creation of a separate state or on the elevation of the status of one ethnic group over others. Tamil Nationalist groups in Sri Lanka, insurgent groups in North East India, and the Khalistan movement are examples of ethnonationalism terrorist activities.

Reasons behind the terrorism

There are many reasons which make people or a group terrorist. Those reasons are political, religious, poverty, and lack of education.

The main cause of terrorism is perceived socio-political or historical injustice and a belief that violence will lead to change. People who choose this path when they have been stripped off their land or rights are denied the same. Examples- Hamas group of Palestine, Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam ( LTTE), Maoists and the United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA) 

Terrorist groups use a specific religious ideology to inspire people to join terrorist groups. For example, ISIS and Al-Qaeda use Islamic ideology making people follow them. 

Socio-e conomic

Many people who join terrorist groups are illiterate and poor. Terrorism can spread like a virus in vulnerable and marginalized communities. These people can easily be pursued by terrorism groups. 

A lack of employment and unequal growth encourages unemployed youth to indulge in criminal acts and narcotics.

However, the above arguments are partially true. Of the 9/11 conspirators, eight were engineers by education. Osama bin Laden’s father owned the largest construction company in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. So, terrorism is not always a result of illiteracy and poverty.

Intolerance  

Because of the increasing population and decreasing resources, intolerance is growing in society. Increasing globalization of the society come to transcend national boundaries spreading terrorism. 

The ineffective anti-terrorism legislation and misplaced judicial activism are somehow also responsible for growing terrorism. 

Structural issues

There are structural inadequacies in the state apparatus namely weaknesses in the intelligence structure -human as well as technical, inadequate modernization of police paramilitary forces and the Armed Forces, unimaginative media management and coverage, reactive response, and slow government decision-making lack of clear strategy and policy on internal security.

In the Indian context, the reasons over the past few years have been numerous. Our consolidation as a secular, federal, and democratic state is still evolving and the fundamentalist forces often exploit a diversity of our multi-ethnic and multi-religious society. 

Role of technology Terrorism is spreading fast in the modern era as technology is now available to conduct acts of terror and the targets of terrorism are more widespread than ever before. Sophisticated means of communications such as electronic media, print media, social media, and the Internet help terrorists to quickly promote their ideology and hate campaign and exploit cyber terrorism. There are secure and encrypted messaging apps like Telegram. It is the very messaging platform at Isis used to claim responsibility for attacks. For instance, the PlayStation primarily is a gaming device. Experts believe that ISIS terrorists use PlayStation to communicate. One can send private messages via the PlayStation Network. The FBI and the CIA believe that potential terrorists have been communicating via these networks. In the case of 26/11 Mumbai attacks, the terrorists came armed not just with guns and grenades but also carrying cell phones, GPS devices, and other high-tech gear. This level of sophistication is worrying. In the Christchurch massacre of New Zealand, the attack was not reported by bystanders or by security cameras at mosques. This had been live-streamed by the shooter himself on Facebook.

Global Terrorism Index (GTI) 2019

This report is annually released by the Sydney-based Institute for Economics and Peace. As per this report, India as the seventh-worst terrorism affected the country. Jammu & Kashmir is India’s most affected region by terrorism in 2018. Most of these attacks were perpetrated by the Hizbul Mujahideen (HM), Jaish-e-Mohammad (JeM), and Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT). 8,437 Indians have lost their lives since 2001 at the hands of terrorists.

Why is India a victim of terror? 

India is suffering from ethno-nationalist, religious, left-wing, and narco-terrorism. Some well-known examples of terrorist activities in India are Mumbai attacks of 26/11, 1993 Mumbai serial bomb blasts, attack on Akshardham temple in 2002, Mumbai train blasts 2006, Parliament attacks of 2001 attacks on Armed Forces camps in Pathankot and Uri. 

India is geographically located between Asia’s two principal areas of illicit opium production -the Golden Crescent and the Golden Triangle. This leads to a heavy influx of drugs and arms. 

Pakistan and China

India has a hostile neighbor in the form of Pakistan with a land border of 3,400 kilometers. Pakistan sponsors state terrorism and fundamentalist forces, particularly through its inter-services intelligence, also known as ISI.

Also, India has unresolved border issues with China. And China has active military and nuclear cooperation with Pakistan. 

Porous border

India shares a contiguous and porous border with smaller SAARC nations such as Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka. Accompanying problems such as illegal migration and smuggling in the border belt and resulting social tensions create a conducive environment for terrorism.  

India has a long sea border of more than seven thousand kilometers prone to pirating and smuggling. During the 26/11 Mumbai attacks, terrorists had used sea routes to enter the country.

Terrorism has no religion Another troubling trend is that the so-called war on terror is seen as a war against Islam. This is irrational and dreadful for Muslims, as they now face religious discrimination and are socially disadvantaged. The Koran clearly says, ‘let there be no compulsion in religion’. Nothing could be more explicit than this. So, the entire mythology of the spread of Islam through the sword is unjustified. There is no sanctity of the Koran to spread the faith with the sword.   If it was about religion, Christchurch would not have happened. Brenton Tarrant was a white supremacist and part of the alt-right. The dark face of terrorism neither has religion nor nationality. The religious interpretation is idiosyncratic. There are other political and social factors. These things are complex and this is where nuance is necessary.

Impact of terrorism

According to ourworldindata.org , over the past decade, terrorists killed an average of 21,000 people worldwide each year. Terrorism accounted for 0.05% of global deaths in 2017.

Schools have been bombed and burned in Gaza, Syria, Somalia, Nigeria, and elsewhere across the world in the last decade. Teachers were killed, and students were recruited as child soldiers. 

Foreign investment

Terrorism affects FDI in many ways. Terrorism leads to insecurity and uncertainty in the country. This causes a lack of trust in foreign investors, forcing them to divert their resources from the host country to other, peaceful countries. Costly security measures decrease the returns on FDI. Terrorism also harms local infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, and communications. It prohibits foreign investment by raising the costs of doing business.

Domestic investment

Terrorism also reduces domestic investment as it becomes difficult for domestic investors to invest in a panic-ridden environment. In addition, public investment is also severely damaged as government projects such as roads, highways, canals, dams, bridges, highways, hospitals, and school construction also brought to an end in the presence of terrorist activities.

Tourists usually avoid visiting the city that has been attacked. For tourism-dependent economies, terrorist attacks can hit even harder.

A recent example is Sri Lanka (Easter bombing). Sri Lanka has made significant progress thanks to a tourism boom post  25-year civil war ended. However, the Easter bombing changed the picture. Among those killed in bombings were 45 foreigners. Tourists fled: the number of arrivals dropped. For several days following the attack, many businesses remained closed. A huge share of jobs was lost in the tourism sector. 

Similarly, in Kashmir, tourism is the biggest source of livelihood in the state. But, terrorism ruined the tourism industry. The owners of hotels, guest houses, and houseboats, whose business is entirely dependent on the influx of tourists, suffer huge economic losses. By threatening visitors from visiting Kashmir, the terrorists are strangling a major source of jobs and making those who have become unemployed potential recruits to Pakistan-inspired separatism by violence.

Government spending

Terrorist attacks also increase defense and security spending and this reduces economic growth. If the cost of terror decreases, more money could be allocated to spending on infrastructure and that would lead to higher growth.

Steps already taken to combat and end terrorism

India has already achieved progress on various institutional and legislative mechanisms aimed at combating terrorism.

After the 26/11 Mumbai attacks, a national investigation agency also known as the NIA was formed to counter terrorist acts in the future.

The National Intelligence Grid also known as NATGRID is an integrated intelligence grid. It will link the databases of several departments and ministries of the government of India. NATGRID aims to gather detailed intelligence patterns that intelligence agencies can readily access. It collects and collates a variety of data from government databases such as tax and bank account information, credit card activity, visa and immigration records, and itineraries of train and air travel. 

India has a multi-agency center also known as MAC for counterterrorism with a mandate of sharing terrorism-related intelligence inputs on a day-to-day basis. 

Various legal frameworks are created such as the Terrorist And Disruptive Activities Act and the Prevention of Terrorism Act of 2002, along with the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act and the NIA Act of 2008. 

How to overcome terrorism?

From the understanding of the nature of international terrorism that we are facing today, it is clear that a long term strategy is required to fight against terrorism. It has to be comprehensive on all fronts.

Core strategy

The strategy needs to be evolved to protect core values. These core values are to protect the sovereignty and territorial integrity, to consolidate as a secular, federal, democratic state with freedom of speech, equality, and justice, to promote socio-economic growth and development.

Socio-economic dimension 

Socially, India must continue to promote liberal and secular polity by media, intelligentsia, and religious institutions. 

There is a need to develop all regions more evenly throughout the country with greater development effort in the remote weaker sections of the society. Economic empowerment of the poor especially in areas like J&K and the Naxal belts would automatically drive out the extremist elements and their ideologies would be abandoned.

Education reforms

Education is the antidote against terrorism. Education provides the confidence and analytical skills youngsters need to condemn hatred and violence. We must teach values of peace, non-violence, fraternity. So, no one will be able to brainwash young minds. 

Also, there is a tendency to brand students from madrasas as terrorists. This further, alienate Indian madrasas. There is an urgent need to de-stigmatize madrasas as a breeding ground for terrorism and address the outdated education system in the Madrasahs by modernization.

Upgrading communication systems

There is also a need to develop our communication networks so that television and telecommunication can spread to remote and border areas which are currently under the constant reach of Pakistani propaganda. 

Military strategy

India should clearly spell out a counterterrorism doctrine. This should address the causes and not the symptoms alone. The aim of military operations is to create a secure and suitable environment so that social, economic, and political issues can be addressed effectively. 

Effective border surveillance and management is also required to check infiltration. This should be achieved through technical means of surveillance backed by highly mobile specialized forces the other than the present system which is manpower intensive. 

Foreign-based terrorists must be targeted at the bases, training camps, and sanctuaries to end the surrogate terrorism or the proxy wars. 

India must leverage its improved ties with the first world countries. Platforms of multinational bodies like the UN, G20, BRICS, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization should be utilized to further India’s agenda of anti-terrorism.

International cooperation

International terrorism can not be confronted alone successfully as has been our experience so far. All nations must join hands to combat it. Countries have to cooperate by intelligence exchange, joint operations, and investigations. 

Pakistan sponsored proxy war  

It must be further exposed and international pressure should be applied. We have to convey more vigorously the justness of our cause and Pakistan’s support for terrorism by both state and non-state actors, as well as trying to isolate Pakistan within the international community. A strong message must be conveyed to Pakistan. 

Lessons from other nations

We have to learn from the experiences of other nations. However, at the same time, we need to realize clearly that a situation is particular to us and there are no direct lessons to learn except a revaluation of our own experience. 

A strategy must be pragmatic and cannot be similar to the US model of global capacity or the Israeli strategy of massive and immediate retaliation, as the respective environment and capabilities are different.

Dr. Salman Farsi was said to have been involved in the Malegaon blasts. He was acquitted eight years later. By this time, he had nothing to fall back upon. He is a qualified Unani doctor. But, he even took to rearing goats to meet his needs. These outcomes can be easily avoided. The media, instead of calling each accused a terrorist, may perhaps restrict itself to calling them only an accused, and avoid displaying their photographs as if they have been convicted.

Other steps

There is a need to adopt proactive policies to confront the terrorists at the roots of the ideology of fundamentalists social evils and sources of terror funding like narcotics and drug trade. 

India also needs to strengthen its anti-terrorism laws. There is a need to modernize and enlarge intelligence networks, State Police and paramilitary forces in training equipment and ethos. 

There should be enough preventive measures against nuclear biological and chemical attacks as well as cyber terrorism.

This unconventional war can not be won by conventional methods. It can only be won by showing that our values are stronger, better, fairer, and more humane than the alternative. The values that will rule the future of humanity are those of peace, tolerance, liberty, respect for diversity, and not those of reaction, discord, and hatred.

You can also read-

BIOTERRORISM

Digital Divide In India

Leave a Comment Cancel reply

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

Sign me up for the newsletter!

Upto 60% Off on UPSC Online Courses

• UPSC Online
• UPSC offline and Hybrid
• UPSC Optional Coaching
• UPPCS Online
• BPSC Online
• MPSC Online
• MPPSC Online
• WBPSC Online
• OPSC Online
• UPPCS Offline Coaching
• BPSC Offline Coaching
• UPSC Test Series
• State PSC Test Series
• DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS
• SUBJECT WISE CURRENT AFFAIRS
• DAILY EDITORIAL ANALYSIS
• DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS QUIZ
• Daily Prelims(MCQs) Practice
• Daily Mains Answer Writing
• Free Resources

• Offline Centers
• NCERT Notes
• UDAAN Notes
• UPSC Syllabus
• UPSC Prelims PYQs
• UPSC Mains PYQs
• Prelims Preparation

INDIAN POLITY

• PMO & Cabinet Secretariat: Function & Role in Indian Governance
• Indian Fundamental Duties: Role, Evolution & Constitutional Significance
• Uniform Civil Code in India: Legal Processes, Challenges, and Controversies
• Directive Principles of State Policy in India: Governance, Challenges, and Impact
• Constitutional Balance between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles in India
• Government of India Acts: Evolution, Autonomy & Road to Independence (1919-1947)
• Country’s Demographic Profile: Census of India, NPR, NRC
• Indian Citizenship Act: Evolution, Amendments & Special Provisions in India
• Post Independence Movements In India: Smaller State Demands and Challenges
• Collective and Individual Ministerial Responsibility in India’s Parliamentary System
• THE INDIAN DIASPORA: Global Contributions, Challenges, & Government Initiatives
• India’s Constitutional Amendments: Flexibility & Rigidity for a Dynamic Democracy
• Indian Parliamentary Forums: Initiatives and their Impact since 2005
• Union Council of Ministers: Constitutional Evolution & Governance Framework
• Indian Citizenship: Rights, Duties & Constitutional Framework
• Reorganization of States: Evolution, Unity & Diversity and Challenges
• State Reorganization Act of 1956 – Evolution, Linguistic & Cultural Transformations, Progress, Unity
• Union and its Territory: Framework, Constitutional Provisions, and Dynamics of State Alterations in India
• Basic Structure Doctrine: Evolution, Significance & Criticisms
• Preamble of Indian Constitution: Guiding Principles, Evolution, Controversies & Modern Relevance
• India’s Constitutional Preamble: Fundamental Principles, Significance, and Evolution
• Schedules of Indian Constitution: 12 Schedules, Governance & Democracy
• Constitution & Constitutionalism: Foundations, Challenges, and Democratic Safeguards
• Evolution of Colonial Governance: Regulating Act 1773 to Charter Act 1793
• Features of Indian Constitution: Democracy, Rights & Diversity
• Constitutionalism in India: Definition, History, Evolution & Contemporary Triumphs
• Constituent Assembly of India: Democracy, Overcoming Critiques & Building a Lasting Legacy
• Constitution of India: Sovereignty, Republicanism & Shaping Democracy
• EVOLUTION OF LEGISLATIVE COUNCILS: CHARTER ACT, MORLEY MINTO REFORMS, GOI ACT
• Evolution of Charter Acts in India: History, Governance & British Rule (1813-1853)
• Company Rule in India (1773-1858): Historical Overview & Impact on British India
• Charter Act 1793: Trade Expansion, Governance Shifts, Historical Transformations in British India
• Amending Act of 1786: Objective, Governance & Feature
• Amending Act of 1781: Reforms, Impact on Judiciary & Governance Transformation
• Indian Polity and Governance Notes for UPSC Preparation
• PART-I (CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK)
• Indian Constitution: Evolution, Features and Making of a Democratic Framework
• Preamble of the Indian Constitution: Principles, History and Significance
• BASIC STRUCTURE OF CONSTITUTION
• Union and Territory: A Detailed UPSC Study on Articles 1-4 of the Indian Constitution
• CITIZENSHIP
• Fundamental Rights (Article 12-35) and Their Evolution in India
• Directive Principles of State Policy: Significance, Classification and Impact on Social Welfare Laws
• Fundamental Duties in India: Article 51A, Historical Evolution & Distinctions from Fundamental Rights
• Constitutional Amendment Process in India: Types, Significance & Implications
• PART -II (SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT)
• Parliamentary System: Features, Merits and Distinctions from the British Model
• Federalism – Definition, Feature – Indian Polity Notes for Competitive Exams
• Centre State Relations in India: Legislative, Administrative & Financial Dynamics
• Inter-State Relations: Laws and Cooperation in India
• EMERGENCY PROVISIONS
• PART – III (CENTRAL GOVERNMENT)
• President of India: Constitutional Roles, Electoral Processes and Executive Authority
• Vice President of India: Powers, Elections and Constitutional Significance
• Prime Minister of India: Constitutional Aspects, Role and Historical Perspectives
• Component of Indian Governance: Prime Minister’s Office, Cabinet Secretariat & Central Secretariat
• UNION COUNCIL OF MINISTERS
• Cabinet Committees: Role in Governance, Evolution, Functions, & Recent Reconstitution (2019)
• Indian Parliament: Structure, Functions and Significance
• PART -IV (STATE GOVERNMENT)
• Governors in India’s State Governments: Roles, Powers, and Functions
• Chief Minister: Roles, Responsibilities & Political Relationships in Indian States
• State Council of Ministers in India: Constitutional Framework, Appointment Process and Responsibilities
• State Legislature in India: Structure, Functions, and Legislative Process
• A Comprehensive Guide to Article 371-371J: Special Provisions for States in Indian Polity
• Part – V (JUDICIARY)
• Supreme Court
• High Courts in India
• Subordinate Courts in India
• Gram Nyayalayas & Family Courts in India
• Tribunals in India
• National Green Tribunal (NGT)
• Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)
• PART-VI (LOCAL GOVERNMENT)
• Panchayati Raj in India: Definition, Feature, Challenges and Empowering Local Governance
• Municipalities in Indian Polity: Evolution, Types and Governance Challenges
• PART-VII (UTs AND SPECIAL AREAS)
• Union Territories
• PESA Act of 1996 (Extension Act)
• PART-VIII (CONSTITUTIONAL BODIES)
• Election Commission of India: Composition, Functions and Electoral Reforms
• Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)
• State Public Service Commission (SPSC): Structure, Functions, and Role in Indian Polity
• Joint Public Service Commission (JPSC)
• Finance Commission
• National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC)
• National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST)
• National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC)
• Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities
• Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG)
• Attorney General for India
• Advocate General
• Co-operative Societies in India
• Official Language in India
• PART-IX (NON-CONSTITUTIONAL BODIES)
• National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in India: Composition, Power & Functions & Challenges
• State Human Rights Commissions
• Central Information Commission (CIC) & Right to Information Act (RTI) in India: Composition, Functions, and Key Provisions
• State Information Commissions
• Central Vigilance Commission (CVC): Pillar of Anti-Corruption in Indian Governance
• Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI): Challenges, Functions and Reforms in Indian Policing
• Lokpal and Lokayuktas in India: Structure, Functions and Challenges
• PART-X (MISCELLANEOUS)
• Anti-Defection Law in India: Evolution, Challenges and Electoral Impact
• Pressure Groups: Dynamics, Impact and Challenges for Governance
• LAW COMMISSION OF INDIA
• Regulating Act 1773, Background, Provisions, Drawbacks
• Governance in India: Dimensions, Challenges & Strategies for UPSC Preparation
• Citizen Charters: Evolution, Challenges and Recommendations
• RTI Act 2005: Transparency and Accountability, Ombudsman & Lokayuktas in India
• Sevottam Model: Governance Excellence through Service, Accountability, and Citizen Empowerment
• Social Audit: Principles, Significance and Challenges in Public Governance
• E-Governance in India: Innovations, Challenges, and Impact
• Role of Civil Services in Sustaining Democratic Values
• Indian Bureaucracy and Democracy: Challenges and Evolution in India
• Reforms in Need: Strengthening Ethics, Civil Servant Integrity, and Fair Elections by Election Commission
• Development Processes: Feature, Pattern & Growth 
• Civil Societies: Role in Inclusive Governance, Nation Building & Development
• NGOs in India: Roles, Challenges and Suggestions for Effective Governance
• Self Help Groups (SHGs): Empowering India, Fostering Financial Inclusion & Sustainable Development
• Foreign Aid: Method, Rule, and Impact on India’s Development Dynamics
• Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Implementation, Impact and Recent Developments
• Pressure Groups in Indian Politics: Dynamics, Challenges and Impact
• Formal Groups and Organizations: Characteristics, Structures & Social Dynamics
• Statutory, Regulatory And Various Quasi-Judicial Bodies For Governance
• INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
• BILATERAL RELATIONS WITH DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
• India-Australia Relations: Strategic Partnership And Bilateral Dynamics
• India Canada Relations: Ties, Bilateral Engagements & Challenges
• India-France: Strengthening Bilateral Ties through Strategic Partnership
• India Germany: Bilateral Relations, Strategic Partnership, and Future Collaborations
• India-Italy Relations: Strengthening Ties Across Trade, Culture, and Security
• India-Israel Relations: Complexities, Challenges, and Collaborations in Diplomacy
• India Japan Relation: Bilateral Ties, Economic Cooperation, and Strategic Alliances
• India-Russia Relations: Strengthening Ties in Politics, Trade, Defence, and Beyond
• India-UK Relations: Navigating Bilateral Ties and Brexit Challenges
• India-US Relations: Bilateral Ties, Trade, Defense, and Future Prospects
• REGIONAL AND GLOBAL GROUP
• APEC – Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation, Global Coverage, Economic Trade & Member Nation
• ASEAN: Evolution, Objectives, India’s Engagement, & Regional Challenges
• BRICS: Global Dynamics, Economic Cooperation, & Institutional Reforms
• BIMSTEC- Objectives, Member Nations, and Strategic Initiatives Explored
• G7 Countries: Origin, Objective, Members & other Facts
• G20: International Forum, Objectives, Structure, & Role in Global Affairs
• G4 Countries: Key issues, UNSC reform, concerns, Coffee Club dynamics
• Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA): Objectives, Structure & Regional Dynamics
• South Asian Association For Regional Cooperation (SAARC): Origins, Achievements, And SAFTA
• Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO): Objectives, Challenges & India’s Strategic Engagement
• Non Alignment Movement (NAM): Principles, Evolution, and Global Relevance
• Arctic Council: Conservation, Sustainable Development in the Polar Region
• Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB): Goals, Structure, and India’s Role
• CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) – Full Form, Feature & Classifications
• United Nations Framework Convention On Climate Change (UNFCCC): Evolution, Full Form & Initiative
• United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (UNCBD): Objectives, Targets
• New Development Bank (NDB): Growth, Cooperation, & Sustainable Development Among BRICS Nations
• African Development Bank(AfDB): Socio-Economic Growth, & Regional Integration in Africa
• Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC): Safeguarding Muslim Interests
• South Asia Co-operative Environment Programme (SACEP): Objectives, Governance
• INDIA-BRAZIL-SOUTH AFRICA (IBSA): Fostering Global Cooperation Among Democracies
• Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC): Formation, Structure, and Regional Dynamics
• European Union (EU): Member State, Uniting Nations for Peace, Prosperity & Partnership
• Commonwealth of Nations: Shared Values, Meetings, and Global Initiatives
• International Organizations
• United Nations: Member State, Mission, Organs and Specialized Agencies
• UNSC Reform: India’s Demand, Geopolitical Realities, and Challenges Ahead
• International Monetary Fund (IMF): Origin, Functions, Quotas, SDRs, India’s Role
• Bretton Woods Conference: Goal, Achievement, Shaping Global Finance, IMF, World Bank
• World Trade Organisation (WTO): Member State, Achievement, Challenges, Dispute Settlement, & Future Directions
• Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): Background, Objectives, Member States
• Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC): Objectives, Oil Pricing Policies & Global Impact
• International Court of Justice (ICJ): Establishment, Role & Functions, and Significance
• International Criminal Court (ICC): Structure, Jurisdiction, and Global Implications for Justice
• International Criminal Police Organisation (INTERPOL): Definition, Jurisdiction, Global Police Cooperation and Crime Control
• Financial Action Task Force (FATF): Objectives, Combating Money Laundering & Black Money, and Terrorism Financing
• IUCN: Safeguarding Biodiversity – Mission, Threatened Species, and Conservation Initiatives
• International Labour Organisation (ILO): Treaty, Decades of Commitment, Achievements, and Initiatives
• World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO)
• International Solar Alliance (ISA)
• Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA)
• Wassenaar Arrangement
• Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)
• Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
• Hague Code of Conduct (HCoC)
• United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)

INDIAN ECONOMY

• India’s Banking Sector and Monetary Policy
• INDIAN ECONOMY NOTES
• Indian Economy: Evolution, Colonial Era to Present Day & Future Prospects
• Basics of Money: Exploring the Fundamentals of Indian Economy
• Banks in India: Types, Functions & Characteristics
• Financial Market: Types, Functions, Role & Economic Impact
• Indian Insurance Sector: Evolution, Growth, Rules & Penetration in India
• Financial Inclusion: Definition, Significance, and Social Impact
• Balance of Payment: Formula, Types, Key Features & Global Economics
• Exchange Rate Systems: Global Currency, Inflation Rate & Method of Calculation
• World Bank: Global Cooperation & International Organizations
• Agriculture in India: Definition, Farming System & Green Revolution
• Manufacturing and Industries
• Economic Planning in India: Evolution, Challenges, and Transformative Initiatives
• Economic Indicators: Definition, Methodology, and Key Insights into GDP (Gross Domestic Product), Unemployment, & Inflation
• INFRASTRUCTURE
• Inclusive Growth: Definition, Strategies, Policy & Challenges
• Agriculture

Science & Technology

• SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
• Biotechnology: Types, Applications and other facts
• Defence Technology: India’s Strategic Initiatives, Missile System, & Modernization Efforts
• Biomolecules- Carbohydrates, Proteins, Vitamins and Fats
• DISEASES: Communicable & Non-Communicable Health Threats, Tuberculosis to COVID-19
• Information Technology: Digital Landscape, 5G to Cybersecurity, IoT to Quantum Computing
• Nanoscience and Nanotechnology: Definition, Applications, Implications
• SPACE & SPACE TECHNOLOGY: History, Evolution & Significance

Enivornment & Ecology

• Energy Flow In Ecosystem: Trophic Levels And Mode Of Nutrition
• Carbon Cycle: Exploration of Processes, Forms, and Environmental Impacts
• Biogeochemical Cycles: Types, Functions, And Significance
• Importance Of Forest: Guardians Of Biodiversity And Life’s Essentials
• Temperate Forests: Types, Ecological Significance, Cultural Value
• Tropical Rainforest: Nature’s Green Treasure & Economic Significance
• Coniferous Forests: Characteristics, Types, Economic Significance
• Grassland Ecosystems: Biodiversity, Conservation, And Economic Significance
• The Desert Ecosystem: Types, Adaptation, Biodiversity & Resilience
• Forest Ecosystem: Biodiversity, Types, & Crucial Roles in Environmental Balance
• Tundra Ecosystem: Extreme Conditions, Adaptations, Characteristics, Types
• Terrestrial Ecosystem: Types, Tundra, Forest, Grassland & Desert Ecosystems
• Ecosystem: Components, Functions, Biotic Interactions, Biogeochemical Cycles
• Ecosystem: Components, Functions, Energy Flow & Cycle
• Human Environment Interaction: Components, Types, and Human Impact on Earth
• Ecosystem Dynamics: Characteristic, Types Of Food Webs & Species Interactions
• Energy Flow in Ecosystem: Food Chain, Hierarchy, Significance & Characteristics
• Ecological Pyramids: Trophic Levels, Types & Energy Dynamics in Ecosystems
• Environment: Component, Human-Environment Relationship & Sustainable Development
• ENVIRONMENT
• ECOLOGY, ECOSYSTEM AND FUNCTIONS OF ECOSYSTEM
• Terrestrial Ecosystems: Types, Environmental Factors & Ecological Significance
• Aquatic Ecosystems: Classification, Issues, Conservation & Corals
• BIODIVERSITY
• Biodiversity Conservation in India: Protected Areas, Biosphere Reserve, National Park
• Pollution: Types and Impact on Health, E-Waste and Bioremediation
• Environmental Laws in India: Definition, Legal Frameworks & Protection to Biodiversity
• Environmental Organizations In India: Biodiversity, Conservation, Welfare
• Wildlife Conservation in India: Initiatives, Achievements & Future
• Conservation Measures: Modes, Protected Areas, Action Plans, and Initiatives
• Environmental Conventions and Protocols: Features, Importance, and Implementation
• Climate Change & Mitigation Strategies: Global Warming, Greenhouse Gases
• Climate Change Organizations: Exploring Global Initiatives for Environmental Sustainability
• Climate Change In India: Actions, Policies, and Initiatives
• INTERNAL SECURITY
• Internal Security Of India: Challenges, Solutions & Hybrid Warfare
• Communal Violence: Causes, Legal Provisions, and Preventive Measures
• Terrorism And Extremism: Types, Spread. Steps Taken
• Organised Crime And Terrorism: Aspects, Fctors, Challenges
• The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) 1958: Origin, Current Status
• Left Wing Extremism or Naxalism: Origin, Background, Major Issues
• Extremism And Development: Linkages, Causes, Solutions, and Countermeasures
• Militancy In Jammu And Kashmir: Background, Human Right Issue, AFSPA
• North-East Insurgency: Historical Roots, Challenges, and Peace Initiatives
• Cyber Security: Cyber Terrorism, Threats, & Safeguarding Critical Information Infrastructure
• Social Media: Impact On Society, National Security, and Democracy
• Money Laundering: Impact on Economy, Global Strategies, and Preventive Measures
• Security Challenges and Border Management In India: Initiative, Challenge & Way Forward 
• Security Forces & Agencies: Type, Mandate, Roles, Contributions, and Challenges
• Police Reforms In India

Terrorism Essay for Students and Teacher

500+ words essay on terrorism essay.

Terrorism is an act, which aims to create fear among ordinary people by illegal means. It is a threat to humanity. It includes person or group spreading violence, riots, burglaries, rapes, kidnappings, fighting, bombings, etc. Terrorism is an act of cowardice. Also, terrorism has nothing to do with religion. A terrorist is only a terrorist, not a Hindu or a Muslim.

Types of Terrorism

Terrorism is of two kinds, one is political terrorism which creates panic on a large scale and another one is criminal terrorism which deals in kidnapping to take ransom money. Political terrorism is much more crucial than criminal terrorism because it is done by well-trained persons. It thus becomes difficult for law enforcing agencies to arrest them in time.

Terrorism spread at the national level as well as at international level.  Regional terrorism is the most violent among all. Because the terrorists think that dying as a terrorist is sacred and holy, and thus they are willing to do anything. All these terrorist groups are made with different purposes.

Causes of Terrorism

There are some main causes of terrorism development  or production of large quantities of machine guns, atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs, nuclear weapons, missiles, etc. rapid population growth,  Politics, Social, Economic  problems, dissatisfaction of people with the country’s system, lack of education, corruption, racism, economic inequality, linguistic differences, all these are the major  elements of terrorism, and terrorism flourishes after them. People use terrorism as a weapon to prove and justify their point of view.  The riots among Hindus and Muslims are the most famous but there is a difference between caste and terrorism.

The Effects Of Terrorism

Terrorism spreads fear in people, people living in the country feel insecure because of terrorism. Due to terrorist attacks, millions of goods are destroyed, the lives of thousands of innocent people are lost, animals are also killed. Disbelief in humanity raises after seeing a terrorist activity, this gives birth to another terrorist. There exist different types of terrorism in different parts of the country and abroad.

Today, terrorism is not only the problem of India, but in our neighboring country also, and governments across the world are making a lot of effort to deal with it. Attack on world trade center on September 11, 2001, is considered the largest terrorist attack in the world. Osama bin Laden attacked the tallest building in the world’s most powerful country, causing millions of casualties and death of thousands of people.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Terrorist Attacks in India

India has suffered several terrorist attacks which created fear among the public and caused huge destruction. Here are some of the major terrorist attacks that hit India in the last few years: 1991 – Punjab Killings, 1993 – Bombay Bomb Blasts, RSS Bombing in Chennai, 2000 – Church Bombing, Red Fort Terrorist Attack,2001- Indian Parliament Attack, 2002 – Mumbai Bus Bombing, Attack on Akshardham Temple, 2003 – Mumbai Bombing, 2004 – Dhemaji School Bombing in Assam,2005 – Delhi Bombings, Indian Institute of Science Shooting, 2006 – Varanasi Bombings, Mumbai Train Bombings, Malegaon Bombings, 2007 – Samjhauta Express Bombings, Mecca Masjid Bombing, Hyderabad Bombing, Ajmer Dargah Bombing, 2008 – Jaipur Bombings, Bangalore Serial Blasts, Ahmedabad Bombings, Delhi Bombings, Mumbai Attacks, 2010 – Pune Bombing, Varanasi Bombing.

The recent ones include 2011 – Mumbai Bombing, Delhi Bombing, 2012 – Pune Bombing, 2013 – Hyderabad Blasts, Srinagar Attack, Bodh Gaya Bombings, Patna Bombings, 2014 – Chhattisgarh Attack, Jharkhand Blast, Chennai Train Bombing, Assam Violence, Church Street Bomb Blast, Bangalore, 2015 –  Jammu Attack, Gurdaspur Attack, Pathankot Attack, 2016 – Uri Attack, Baramulla Attack, 2017 – Bhopal Ujjain Passenger Train Bombing, Amarnath Yatra Attack, 2018 Sukma Attack, 2019- Pulwama attack.

Agencies fighting Terrorism in India

Many police, intelligence and military organizations in India have formed special agencies to fight terrorism in the country. Major agencies which fight against terrorism in India are Anti-Terrorism Squad (ATS), Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), National Investigation Agency (NIA).

Terrorism has become a global threat which needs to be controlled from the initial level. Terrorism cannot be controlled by the law enforcing agencies alone. The people in the world will also have to unite in order to face this growing threat of terrorism.

Customize your course in 30 seconds

Which class are you in.

• Travelling Essay
• Picnic Essay
• Our Country Essay
• My Parents Essay
• Essay on Favourite Personality
• Essay on Memorable Day of My Life
• Essay on Knowledge is Power
• Essay on Gurpurab
• Essay on My Favourite Season
• Essay on Types of Sports

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Download the App

IAS,Laxman Tiwari, |TERRORISM AND WORLD PEACE | Triumph IAS

Table of Contents

IAS, Laxman Tiwari with his Mentor “Vikash Ranjan Sir”

Essay Topic:

Terrorism and world peace

(relevant for essay writing for upsc civil services examination).

Register in Online \ Offline Essay test series and Foundation Class

To master these intricacies and fare well in the Sociology Optional Syllabus , aspiring sociologists might benefit from guidance by the Best Sociology Optional Teacher and participation in the Best Sociology Optional Coaching . These avenues provide comprehensive assistance, ensuring a solid understanding of sociology’s diverse methodologies and techniques

Meta Tags: 

Urbanisation, Blessing, Disguise, Economic Growth, Cultural Diversity, Environmental Challenges, India, Social Inclusion, Sustainable Development, SDG Goals, Urbanization is a blessing in disguise, Laxman Tiwari, Laxman Tiwari upsc, Laxman Tiwari CSE, Laxman Tiwari Essay copy, Laxman Tiwari Essay test copy

Why Vikash Ranjan’s foundation Classes for Essay?

Proper guidance and assistance are required to learn the skill of writing essay topics in CSE examination. VIKASH RANJAN SIR at TRIUMPH IAS guides students according to the Recent Trends of UPSC, making him the Best Essay Teacher for Essay writing UPSC.

At Triumph IAS, the Best Essay Writing Coaching platform, we not only provide the best study material and applied classes of Essay for IAS but also conduct regular assignments and class tests to assess candidates’ writing skills and understanding of the subject.

Choose T he Best Essay Writing Teacher for IAS Preparation and Know our Approach for Essay?

• The Programme is Planned & Executed in a Way that You Write a good Essay for obtaining Effective Score of 140 Plus.
• How to INTRODUCE The Topic in Context of the THEME of the Essay
• How to Elaborate & Explain the Topic-Theme on Temporal Scale & Sectoral Scale as well as Intellectual Scale in the MAIN BODY of the Essay.
• How to Sum up the Topic in CONCLUSION in Context of the Essay Topic Theme.
• ︎We will Teach You How to use the  Knowledge Matrix of  General Studies & Optional to write a Good Essay more Logically and Coherently.
• After the Classes You have to  “Write to Learn & Learn to Score”  .This means You have to Write the Essay Test Papers & Learn from the Feedback & Discussions.

Why Essay is Important and What We Offer in “Essay Test Series”?

• Triumph’s Essay Upgradation Test Series (Under Personal Guidance of Vikash Ranjan Sir) doesn’t only focus on improving student’s linguistic skills but also focus on improving student’s ability to comprehend the topic-sentence (subject) recall & relate the facts, concepts, propose thesis-statements, and logically assimilate the ideas & counter ideas with clarity in expression on temporal & Sectoral Scales of knowledge.
• Further students are provided one-on-one INTERACTION* Session with Vikash Ranjan Sir. Students get personal feedback on their strength and weaknesses, regarding what is ‘good about their essay and what more should be done to make it a better one’ by Vikash Ranjan Sir.

Why to take up this “Essay Test Series and Foundation” Course?

• Essay is Low hanging Fruit. Marks in Essay is Effectively Contributing in Final Selection in New Pattern of Mains Exam. With a Well Developed ‘Knowledge Matrix and Rigorous Practice’, One can Score upto 160 + in Essay. So IAS Aspirants should never Ignore Essay Preparation
• Inculcating Writing Competency in Essay for IAS, which is Different from Essay in English, Essay in School and College.

Register in Online Class

Follow us :

🔎 https://www.instagram.com/triumphias

🔎 www.triumphias.com

🔎https://www.youtube.com/c/TriumphIAS

🔎 https://t.me/VikashRanjanSociology

Find More Blogs…

keyword: Terrorism and world peace ,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace,Terrorism and world peace, 

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

• Classroom Programme
• Interview Guidance
• Online Programme
• Drishti Store
• My Bookmarks
• My Progress
• Change Password
• From The Editor's Desk
• How To Use The New Website
• Help Centre

Achievers Corner

• Topper's Interview
• About Civil Services
• UPSC Prelims Syllabus
• GS Prelims Strategy
• Prelims Analysis
• GS Paper-I (Year Wise)
• GS Paper-I (Subject Wise)
• CSAT Strategy
• Previous Years Papers
• Practice Quiz
• Weekly Revision MCQs
• 60 Steps To Prelims
• Prelims Refresher Programme 2020

Mains & Interview

• Mains GS Syllabus
• Mains GS Strategy
• Mains Answer Writing Practice
• Essay Strategy
• Fodder For Essay
• Model Essays
• Drishti Essay Competition
• Ethics Strategy
• Ethics Case Studies
• Ethics Discussion
• Ethics Previous Years Q&As
• Papers By Years
• Papers By Subject
• Be MAINS Ready
• Awake Mains Examination 2020
• Interview Strategy
• Interview Guidance Programme

Current Affairs

• Daily News & Editorial
• Daily CA MCQs
• Sansad TV Discussions
• Monthly CA Consolidation
• Monthly Editorial Consolidation
• Monthly MCQ Consolidation

Drishti Specials

• To The Point
• Important Institutions
• Learning Through Maps
• PRS Capsule
• Summary Of Reports
• Gist Of Economic Survey

Study Material

• NCERT Books
• NIOS Study Material
• IGNOU Study Material
• Yojana & Kurukshetra
• Chhatisgarh
• Uttar Pradesh
• Madhya Pradesh

Test Series

• UPSC Prelims Test Series
• UPSC Mains Test Series
• UPPCS Prelims Test Series
• UPPCS Mains Test Series
• BPSC Prelims Test Series
• RAS/RTS Prelims Test Series
• Daily Editorial Analysis
• YouTube PDF Downloads
• Strategy By Toppers
• Ethics - Definition & Concepts
• Mastering Mains Answer Writing
• Places in News
• UPSC Mock Interview
• PCS Mock Interview
• Interview Insights
• Prelims 2019
• Product Promos
• Daily Updates

Internal Security

Make Your Note

Global Terrorism Index 2023

• 21 Mar 2023
• GS Paper - 3
• Challenges to Internal Security Through Communication Networks
• Government Policies & Interventions
• India and its Neighbourhood

For Prelims: Institute for Economics & Peace, United Nations Security Council, Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism (CCIT).

For Mains: Global Terrorism Index (GTI), Major Challenges Related to Terrorism Globally.

Why in News?

India ranks 13 th on The Global Terrorism Index (GTI). The report shows that Afghanistan continues to be the country most affected by terrorism for the 4th year in a row, even though attacks and deaths decreased.

What are the Major Highlights of the GTI?

• Terrorism Tracker provides event records on terrorist attacks since 1 January 2007.
• The dataset contains almost 66,000 terrorist incidents for the period 2007 to 2022.
• Globally, deaths from terrorism fell by 9% to 6,701 deaths, marking a 38% decrease from its peak in 2015.
• Pakistan recorded the second largest surge in terror-related deaths worldwide in 2022, the toll increasing significantly to 643.
• South Asia recorded 1,354 deaths from terrorism in 2022.
• Islamic State (IS) and its affiliates were the deadliest terror group globally for the eighth consecutive year, recording the most attacks and deaths of any group in 2022.

What are the Major Challenges Related to Terrorism Globally?

• It taints the international financial system and erodes public trust in the integrity of the system.
• Also, absence of universally accepted definitions for what constitutes terrorism provides terrorists with an edge and allows some countries to remain silent and veto any action at global institutions.
• Use of Emerging Technology by Terrorists : Innovations in computing and telecommunications like widespread internet access, end-to-end encryption , and virtual private network (VPN) have made new types of operations possible for a higher number of radicalised individuals across the globe, contributing to the threat.

Way Forward

• Re-energizing Counter Terrorism Agenda: It is necessary to re-energize the global agenda of counter-terrorism by emphasising the need for unity, and checking the veto power of P5 when it comes to identifying terrorists worldwide.
• In 1986, India proposed a draft document on the Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism (CCIT) at the UN. However, it is yet to be adopted by the UNGA.
• Also, India can move towards regulating cryptocurrency.

UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Question (PYQ)

Q. Hand-in-Hand 2007’ a joint anti-terrorism military training was held by the officers of the Indian Army and officers of the Army of which one of the following countries? (2008)

(a) China (b) Japan (c) Russia (d) USA

Q. The scourge of terrorism is a grave challenge to national security. What solutions do you suggest to curb this growing menace? What are the major sources of terrorist funding? (2017)

• India Today
• Business Today
• Harper's Bazaar
• Brides Today
• Cosmopolitan
• India Today Hindi
• Reader’s Digest
• Aaj Tak Campus

Important Days in August 2024: Complete list of national and international events

August is full of important national and international holidays honouring history, culture, and world peace. here is the complete list of significant days to note..

Listen to Story

August is a month full of important national and international holidays honouring many facets of history, culture, and world peace.

These days, they encourage introspection and action through promoting awareness of important social concerns, commemorating historical people, and honouring independence struggles.

Events honouring scientific discoveries, environmental preservation, and humanitarian endeavours are also part of August's celebrations, emphasising the interdependence of the world's people and the variety of ways they strive for a brighter future.

• 1 August - National Mountain Climbing Day
• 1 August - World Breastfeeding Week
• 1 August – Yorkshire Day
• 1 August - World Lung Cancer Day
• 1 August - World Wide Web Day
• 3 August - National Watermelon Day
• 3 August - Cloves Syndrome Awareness Day
• 4 August - Assistance Dog Day
• 4 August - U.S. Coast Guard Day
• 4 August (First Sunday of August) – Friendship Day
• 6 August – Hiroshima Day
• 7 August - National Handloom Day
• 7 August- Hariyali Teej
• 9 August – Quit India Movement Day
• 9 August - Nagasaki Day
• 9 August - International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples
• 9 August - National Book Lover's Day
• 09 August - Nag Panchami
• 10 August - World Lion Day
• 10 August - World Biofuel Day
• 11 August - World Steelpan Day
• 12 August –International Youth Day
• 12 August: World Elephant Day
• 13 August - International Lefthanders Day
• 13 August - World Organ Donation Day
• 14 August - Youm-e-Azadi (Pakistan Independence Day)
• 14 August - Malayalam New Year
• 15 August - National Mourning Day (Bangladesh)
• 15 August – Independence Day in India
• 15 August - Day of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
• 16 August - Bennington Battle Day
• 17 August - Indonesian Independence Day
• 17 August - Gabon Independence Day
• 17 August- Afghanistan Independence Day
• 19 August - World Photography Day
• 19 August - World Humanitarian Day
• 19 August – Rakshabandhan
• 19 August - Sanskrit Diwas
• 19 August - Narali Purnima
• 20 August - World Mosquito Day
• 20 August -Sadbhavna Diwas
• 20 August -Indian Akshay Urja Day
• 21 August-International Day of Remembrance and Tribute to the Victims of Terrorism
• 22 August-International Day Commemorating the Victims of Acts of Violence Based on Religion or Belief
• 23 August - International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition
• 23 August - European Day of Remembrance for Victims of Stalinism and Nazism
• 23 August- ISRO Day
• 26 August - Women's Equality Day
• 26 August: International Dog Day
• 26 August - Mother Teresa Anniversary
• 29 August - National Sports Day
• 29 August - International Day against Nuclear Tests
• 30 August - Small Industry Day
• 30 August - International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearances
• 31 August - Hari Merdeka (Malaysia National Day)
• 31 August- International Day for People of African Descent

Advertisement

Supported by

Rival Palestinian Factions Project Unity, but Deep Divisions Remain

In a move brokered by China, Fatah and Hamas endorsed a unified government for the West Bank and Gaza, but Palestinians are skeptical that the two parties can put aside their differences.

• Share full article

By Adam Rasgon Matthew Mpoke Bigg Alexandra Stevenson and Thomas Fuller

Adam Rasgon and Matthew Mpoke Bigg reported from Jerusalem.

The two main rival Palestinian factions, Fatah and Hamas, signed a joint statement in Beijing on Tuesday that endorsed, in concept, a temporary government for the Gaza Strip and the Israeli-occupied West Bank, in a grand show of unity brokered by China’s foreign ministry.

The statement supports the formation of a unified government for the two territories that all parties can agree on — a high bar to clear for two factions that have long been vehemently, sometimes violently, opposed. But it offers little about how such a government would be formed, or when. Smaller Palestinian groups also signed the statement.

For China, the agreement represents an opportunity to promote an image of Beijing as a peace broker and an important player in the Middle East.

Mousa Abu Marzouk, a senior Hamas official, declared that “historic moments” were underway. Mahmoud al-Aloul, the deputy leader of Fatah, showered praise on China for standing beside the Palestinian people. Both men posed for photos with Wang Yi, China’s foreign minister, in an ornate hall in Beijing.

Yet, for many Palestinians, without concrete steps to make the unity plan a reality, the gathering in the Chinese capital was little more than a performance — and one they had seen before.

“What happened in China isn’t significant,” said Jehad Harb, an analyst of Palestinian affairs. “There aren’t any indications that Hamas and Fatah intend to end the split between them.”

We are having trouble retrieving the article content.

Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and  log into  your Times account, or  subscribe  for all of The Times.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access.

Already a subscriber?  Log in .

Want all of The Times?  Subscribe .