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  • research paper

noun as in position paper

Weak matches

  • policy report
  • statement of belief
  • statement of principles

noun as in term paper

Related Words

Words related to research paper are not direct synonyms, but are associated with the word research paper . Browse related words to learn more about word associations.

noun as in paper stating beliefs

noun as in long student essay

From Roget's 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition Copyright © 2013 by the Philip Lief Group.

Cambridge Dictionary

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Synonyms and antonyms of research paper in English

Research paper.

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research paper of synonym

50 Useful Academic Words & Phrases for Research

Like all good writing, writing an academic paper takes a certain level of skill to express your ideas and arguments in a way that is natural and that meets a level of academic sophistication. The terms, expressions, and phrases you use in your research paper must be of an appropriate level to be submitted to academic journals.

Therefore, authors need to know which verbs , nouns , and phrases to apply to create a paper that is not only easy to understand, but which conveys an understanding of academic conventions. Using the correct terminology and usage shows journal editors and fellow researchers that you are a competent writer and thinker, while using non-academic language might make them question your writing ability, as well as your critical reasoning skills.

What are academic words and phrases?

One way to understand what constitutes good academic writing is to read a lot of published research to find patterns of usage in different contexts. However, it may take an author countless hours of reading and might not be the most helpful advice when faced with an upcoming deadline on a manuscript draft.

Briefly, “academic” language includes terms, phrases, expressions, transitions, and sometimes symbols and abbreviations that help the pieces of an academic text fit together. When writing an academic text–whether it is a book report, annotated bibliography, research paper, research poster, lab report, research proposal, thesis, or manuscript for publication–authors must follow academic writing conventions. You can often find handy academic writing tips and guidelines by consulting the style manual of the text you are writing (i.e., APA Style , MLA Style , or Chicago Style ).

However, sometimes it can be helpful to have a list of academic words and expressions like the ones in this article to use as a “cheat sheet” for substituting the better term in a given context.

How to Choose the Best Academic Terms

You can think of writing “academically” as writing in a way that conveys one’s meaning effectively but concisely. For instance, while the term “take a look at” is a perfectly fine way to express an action in everyday English, a term like “analyze” would certainly be more suitable in most academic contexts. It takes up fewer words on the page and is used much more often in published academic papers.

You can use one handy guideline when choosing the most academic term: When faced with a choice between two different terms, use the Latinate version of the term. Here is a brief list of common verbs versus their academic counterparts:

)
add up calculate
carry out execute
find out discover
pass out distribute
ask questions about interrogate
make sense of interpret
pass on distribute

Although this can be a useful tip to help academic authors, it can be difficult to memorize dozens of Latinate verbs. Using an AI paraphrasing tool or proofreading tool can help you instantly find more appropriate academic terms, so consider using such revision tools while you draft to improve your writing.

Top 50 Words and Phrases for Different Sections in a Research Paper

The “Latinate verb rule” is just one tool in your arsenal of academic writing, and there are many more out there. But to make the process of finding academic language a bit easier for you, we have compiled a list of 50 vital academic words and phrases, divided into specific categories and use cases, each with an explanation and contextual example.

Best Words and Phrases to use in an Introduction section

1. historically.

An adverb used to indicate a time perspective, especially when describing the background of a given topic.

2. In recent years

A temporal marker emphasizing recent developments, often used at the very beginning of your Introduction section.

3. It is widely acknowledged that

A “form phrase” indicating a broad consensus among researchers and/or the general public. Often used in the literature review section to build upon a foundation of established scientific knowledge.

4. There has been growing interest in

Highlights increasing attention to a topic and tells the reader why your study might be important to this field of research.

5. Preliminary observations indicate

Shares early insights or findings while hedging on making any definitive conclusions. Modal verbs like may , might , and could are often used with this expression.

6. This study aims to

Describes the goal of the research and is a form phrase very often used in the research objective or even the hypothesis of a research paper .

7. Despite its significance

Highlights the importance of a matter that might be overlooked. It is also frequently used in the rationale of the study section to show how your study’s aim and scope build on previous studies.

8. While numerous studies have focused on

Indicates the existing body of work on a topic while pointing to the shortcomings of certain aspects of that research. Helps focus the reader on the question, “What is missing from our knowledge of this topic?” This is often used alongside the statement of the problem in research papers.

9. The purpose of this research is

A form phrase that directly states the aim of the study.

10. The question arises (about/whether)

Poses a query or research problem statement for the reader to acknowledge.

Best Words and Phrases for Clarifying Information

11. in other words.

Introduces a synopsis or the rephrasing of a statement for clarity. This is often used in the Discussion section statement to explain the implications of the study .

12. That is to say

Provides clarification, similar to “in other words.”

13. To put it simply

Simplifies a complex idea, often for a more general readership.

14. To clarify

Specifically indicates to the reader a direct elaboration of a previous point.

15. More specifically

Narrows down a general statement from a broader one. Often used in the Discussion section to clarify the meaning of a specific result.

16. To elaborate

Expands on a point made previously.

17. In detail

Indicates a deeper dive into information.

Points out specifics. Similar meaning to “specifically” or “especially.”

19. This means that

Explains implications and/or interprets the meaning of the Results section .

20. Moreover

Expands a prior point to a broader one that shows the greater context or wider argument.

Best Words and Phrases for Giving Examples

21. for instance.

Provides a specific case that fits into the point being made.

22. As an illustration

Demonstrates a point in full or in part.

23. To illustrate

Shows a clear picture of the point being made.

24. For example

Presents a particular instance. Same meaning as “for instance.”

25. Such as

Lists specifics that comprise a broader category or assertion being made.

26. Including

Offers examples as part of a larger list.

27. Notably

Adverb highlighting an important example. Similar meaning to “especially.”

28. Especially

Adverb that emphasizes a significant instance.

29. In particular

Draws attention to a specific point.

30. To name a few

Indicates examples than previously mentioned are about to be named.

Best Words and Phrases for Comparing and Contrasting

31. however.

Introduces a contrasting idea.

32. On the other hand

Highlights an alternative view or fact.

33. Conversely

Indicates an opposing or reversed idea to the one just mentioned.

34. Similarly

Shows likeness or parallels between two ideas, objects, or situations.

35. Likewise

Indicates agreement with a previous point.

36. In contrast

Draws a distinction between two points.

37. Nevertheless

Introduces a contrasting point, despite what has been said.

38. Whereas

Compares two distinct entities or ideas.

Indicates a contrast between two points.

Signals an unexpected contrast.

Best Words and Phrases to use in a Conclusion section

41. in conclusion.

Signifies the beginning of the closing argument.

42. To sum up

Offers a brief summary.

43. In summary

Signals a concise recap.

44. Ultimately

Reflects the final or main point.

45. Overall

Gives a general concluding statement.

Indicates a resulting conclusion.

Demonstrates a logical conclusion.

48. Therefore

Connects a cause and its effect.

49. It can be concluded that

Clearly states a conclusion derived from the data.

50. Taking everything into consideration

Reflects on all the discussed points before concluding.

Edit Your Research Terms and Phrases Before Submission

Using these phrases in the proper places in your research papers can enhance the clarity, flow, and persuasiveness of your writing, especially in the Introduction section and Discussion section, which together make up the majority of your paper’s text in most academic domains.

However, it's vital to ensure each phrase is contextually appropriate to avoid redundancy or misinterpretation. As mentioned at the top of this article, the best way to do this is to 1) use an AI text editor , free AI paraphrase tool or AI proofreading tool while you draft to enhance your writing, and 2) consult a professional proofreading service like Wordvice, which has human editors well versed in the terminology and conventions of the specific subject area of your academic documents.

For more detailed information on using AI tools to write a research paper and the best AI tools for research , check out the Wordvice AI Blog .

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100+ Research Vocabulary Words & Phrases

research paper of synonym

The academic community can be conservative when it comes to enforcing academic writing style , but your writing shouldn’t be so boring that people lose interest midway through the first paragraph! Given that competition is at an all-time high for academics looking to publish their papers, we know you must be anxious about what you can do to improve your publishing odds.

To be sure, your research must be sound, your paper must be structured logically, and the different manuscript sections must contain the appropriate information. But your research must also be clearly explained. Clarity obviously depends on the correct use of English, and there are many common mistakes that you should watch out for, for example when it comes to articles , prepositions , word choice , and even punctuation . But even if you are on top of your grammar and sentence structure, you can still make your writing more compelling (or more boring) by using powerful verbs and phrases (vs the same weaker ones over and over). So, how do you go about achieving the latter?

Below are a few ways to breathe life into your writing.

1. Analyze Vocabulary Using Word Clouds

Have you heard of “Wordles”? A Wordle is a visual representation of words, with the size of each word being proportional to the number of times it appears in the text it is based on. The original company website seems to have gone out of business, but there are a number of free word cloud generation sites that allow you to copy and paste your draft manuscript into a text box to quickly discover how repetitive your writing is and which verbs you might want to replace to improve your manuscript.

Seeing a visual word cloud of your work might also help you assess the key themes and points readers will glean from your paper. If the Wordle result displays words you hadn’t intended to emphasize, then that’s a sign you should revise your paper to make sure readers will focus on the right information.

As an example, below is a Wordle of our article entitled, “ How to Choose the Best title for Your Journal Manuscript .” You can see how frequently certain terms appear in that post, based on the font size of the text. The keywords, “titles,” “journal,” “research,” and “papers,” were all the intended focus of our blog post.

research words and phrases word cloud

2. Study Language Patterns of Similarly Published Works

Study the language pattern found in the most downloaded and cited articles published by your target journal. Understanding the journal’s editorial preferences will help you write in a style that appeals to the publication’s readership.

Another way to analyze the language of a target journal’s papers is to use Wordle (see above). If you copy and paste the text of an article related to your research topic into the applet, you can discover the common phrases and terms the paper’s authors used.

For example, if you were writing a paper on  links between smoking and cancer , you might look for a recent review on the topic, preferably published by your target journal. Copy and paste the text into Wordle and examine the key phrases to see if you’ve included similar wording in your own draft. The Wordle result might look like the following, based on the example linked above.

research words and phrases word cloud, cancer study

If you are not sure yet where to publish and just want some generally good examples of descriptive verbs, analytical verbs, and reporting verbs that are commonly used in academic writing, then have a look at this list of useful phrases for research papers .

3. Use More Active and Precise Verbs

Have you heard of synonyms? Of course you have. But have you looked beyond single-word replacements and rephrased entire clauses with stronger, more vivid ones? You’ll find this task is easier to do if you use the active voice more often than the passive voice . Even if you keep your original sentence structure, you can eliminate weak verbs like “be” from your draft and choose more vivid and precise action verbs. As always, however, be careful about using only a thesaurus to identify synonyms. Make sure the substitutes fit the context in which you need a more interesting or “perfect” word. Online dictionaries such as the Merriam-Webster and the Cambridge Dictionary are good sources to check entire phrases in context in case you are unsure whether a synonym is a good match for a word you want to replace. 

To help you build a strong arsenal of commonly used phrases in academic papers, we’ve compiled a list of synonyms you might want to consider when drafting or editing your research paper . While we do not suggest that the phrases in the “Original Word/Phrase” column should be completely avoided, we do recommend interspersing these with the more dynamic terms found under “Recommended Substitutes.”

A. Describing the scope of a current project or prior research

To express the purpose of a paper or research

This paper + [use the verb that originally followed “aims to”] or This paper + (any other verb listed above as a substitute for “explain”) + who/what/when/where/how X. For example:

To introduce the topic of a project or paper

To describe the analytical scope of a paper or study

*Adjectives to describe degree can include: briefly, thoroughly, adequately, sufficiently, inadequately, insufficiently, only partially, partially, etc.

To preview other sections of a paper

[any of the verbs suggested as replacements for “explain,” “analyze,” and “consider” above]

B. Outlining a topic’s background

To discuss the historical significance of a topic

Topic significantly/considerably +

+ who/what/when/where/how…

 

*In other words, take the nominalized verb and make it the main verb of the sentence.

To describe the historical popularity of a topic

 

 verb] verb]
To describe the recent focus on a topic
To identify the current majority opinion about a topic
To discuss the findings of existing literature

To express the breadth of our current knowledge-base, including gaps
To segue into expressing your research question

C. Describing the analytical elements of a paper

To express agreement between one finding and another

To present contradictory findings

To discuss limitations of a study

D. Discussing results

To draw inferences from results

To describe observations

E. Discussing methods

To discuss methods

To describe simulations

This study/ research…

+

“X environment/ condition to..”

+

[any of the verbs suggested as replacements for “analyze” above]

F. Explaining the impact of new research

To explain the impact of a paper’s findings

To highlight a paper’s conclusion

To explain how research contributes to the existing knowledge-base

Wordvice Writing Resources

For additional information on how to tighten your sentences (e.g., eliminate wordiness and use active voice to greater effect), you can try Wordvice’s FREE APA Citation Generator and learn more about how to proofread and edit your paper to ensure your work is free of errors.

Before submitting your manuscript to academic journals, be sure to use our free AI Proofreader to catch errors in grammar, spelling, and mechanics. And use our English editing services from Wordvice, including academic editing services , cover letter editing , manuscript editing , and research paper editing services to make sure your work is up to a high academic level.

We also have a collection of other useful articles for you, for example on how to strengthen your writing style , how to avoid fillers to write more powerful sentences , and how to eliminate prepositions and avoid nominalizations . Additionally, get advice on all the other important aspects of writing a research paper on our academic resources pages .

Synonyms of research

  • as in investigation
  • as in to explore
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Thesaurus Definition of research

 (Entry 1 of 2)

Synonyms & Similar Words

  • investigation
  • exploration
  • examination
  • inquisition
  • disquisition
  • questionnaire
  • interrogation
  • reinvestigation
  • soul - searching
  • cross - examination
  • questionary
  • self - examination
  • self - reflection
  • self - exploration
  • going - over
  • self - scrutiny
  • self - questioning

Thesaurus Definition of research  (Entry 2 of 2)

  • investigate
  • look (into)
  • inquire (into)
  • delve (into)
  • check up on
  • skim (through)
  • thumb (through)
  • reinvestigate

Examples of research in a Sentence

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'research.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Thesaurus Entries Near research

Cite this entry.

“Research.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/research. Accessed 4 Sep. 2024.

More from Merriam-Webster on research

Nglish: Translation of research for Spanish Speakers

Britannica English: Translation of research for Arabic Speakers

Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about research

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Research paper synonyms

What is another word for research paper .

  • paper long student essay
  • study long student essay
  • manifesto paper stating beliefs
  • outline paper stating beliefs
  • plank paper stating beliefs
  • platform paper stating beliefs
  • prospectus paper stating beliefs
  • policy report
  • statement of belief
  • statement of principles
  • discourse long student essay
  • monograph long student essay
  • report long student essay
  • position paper
  • conclusions

Synonyms for research paper

American Psychological Association

APA Style for beginners

research paper of synonym

Then check out some frequently asked questions:

What is APA Style?

Why use apa style in high school, how do i get started with apa style, what apa style products are available, your help wanted.

APA Style is the most common writing style used in college and career. Its purpose is to promote excellence in communication by helping writers create clear, precise, and inclusive sentences with a straightforward scholarly tone. It addresses areas of writing such as how to

  • format a paper so it looks professional;
  • credit other people’s words and ideas via citations and references to avoid plagiarism; and
  • describe other people with dignity and respect using inclusive, bias-free language.

APA Style is primarily used in the behavioral sciences, which are subjects related to people, such as psychology, education, and nursing. It is also used by students in business, engineering, communications, and other classes. Students use it to write academic essays and research papers in high school and college, and professionals use it to conduct, report, and publish scientific research .

High school students need to learn how to write concisely, precisely, and inclusively so that they are best prepared for college and career. Here are some of the reasons educators have chosen APA Style:

  • APA Style is the style of choice for the AP Capstone program, the fastest growing AP course, which requires students to conduct and report independent research.
  • APA Style helps students craft written responses on standardized tests such as the SAT and ACT because it teaches students to use a direct and professional tone while avoiding redundancy and flowery language.
  • Most college students choose majors that require APA Style or allow APA Style as an option. It can be overwhelming to learn APA Style all at once during the first years of college; starting APA Style instruction in high school sets students up for success.

High school students may also be interested in the TOPSS Competition for High School Psychology Students , an annual competition from the APA Teachers of Psychology in Secondary Schools for high school students to create a short video demonstrating how a psychological topic has the potential to benefit their school and/or local community and improve people’s lives.

Most people are first introduced to APA Style by reading works written in APA Style. The following guides will help with that:

Handout explaining how journal articles are structured and how to become more efficient at reading and understanding them

Handout exploring the definition and purpose of abstracts and the benefits of reading them, including analysis of a sample abstract

Many people also write research papers or academic essays in APA Style. The following resources will help with that:

Guidelines for setting up your paper, including the title page, font, and sample papers

More than 100 reference examples of various types, including articles, books, reports, films, social media, and webpages

Handout comparing example APA Style and MLA style citations and references for four common reference types (journal articles, books, edited book chapters, and webpages and websites)

Handout explaining how to understand and avoid plagiarism

Checklist to help students write simple student papers (typically containing a title page, text, and references) in APA Style

Handout summarizing APA’s guidance on using inclusive language to describe people with dignity and respect, with resources for further study

Free tutorial providing an overview of all areas of APA Style, including paper format, grammar and usage, bias-free language, punctuation, lists, italics, capitalization, spelling, abbreviations, number use, tables and figures, and references

Handout covering three starter areas of APA Style: paper format, references and citations, and inclusive language

Instructors will also benefit from using the following APA Style resources:

Recording of a webinar conducted in October 2023 to refresh educators’ understanding of the basics of APA Style, help them avoid outdated APA Style guidelines (“zombie guidelines”), debunk APA Style myths (“ghost guidelines”), and help students learn APA Style with authoritative resources

Recording of a webinar conducted in May 2023 to help educators understand how to prepare high school students to use APA Style, including the relevance of APA Style to high school and how students’ existing knowledge MLA style can help ease the transition to APA Style (register for the webinar to receive a link to the recording)

Recording of a webinar conducted in September 2023 to help English teachers supplement their own APA Style knowledge, including practical getting-started tips to increase instructor confidence, the benefits of introducing APA Style in high school and college composition classes, some differences between MLA and APA Style, and resources to prepare students for their future in academic writing

Poster showing the three main principles of APA Style: clarity, precision, and inclusion

A 30-question activity to help students practice using the APA Style manual and/or APA Style website to look up answers to common questions

In addition to all the free resources on this website, APA publishes several products that provide comprehensive information about APA Style:

The official APA Style resource for students, covering everything students need to know to write in APA Style

The official source for APA Style, containing everything in the plus information relevant to conducting, reporting, and publishing psychological research

APA Style’s all-digital workbook with interactive questions and graded quizzes to help you learn and apply the basic principles of APA Style and scholarly writing; integrates with popular learning management systems, allowing educators to track and understand student progress

APA’s online learning platform with interactive lessons about APA Style and academic writing, reference management, and tools to create and format APA Style papers

The APA Style team is interested in developing additional resources appropriate for a beginner audience. If you have resources you would like to share, or feedback on this topic, please contact the APA Style team . 

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Speaker 1: Today we will discuss what is perhaps the most single important element of your research paper, the title. The title is the first thing that journal editors and reviewers see when they look at your paper. It is also the only piece of information that fellow researchers will see in a database or search engine query. Therefore, you want to make sure the title captures all of the relevant aspects of your study but does so in a way that is accessible and captivating to readers. Follow these steps to create a perfect title for your paper. First, ask yourself some questions about what your paper seeks to answer and what it accomplishes. What is my paper about? My paper studies how program volume affects outcomes for liver transplant patients on waiting lists. What methods or techniques did I use to perform my study? I employed a case study. What or who was the subject of my study? I studied 60 liver transplant patients on a waiting list in the U.S. aged 20 to 50 years. What were the results? Positive correlation between waiting list volume and poor outcome of transplant procedure. After answering these questions, move on to the second step, which is to identify and list key words and phrases from these responses. Program volume, outcomes, liver transplant patients, waiting lists, case study, 60 liver transplant patients, age 20 to 50 years, positive correlation. These keywords will form the foundation of your title. Once you have identified and listed these keywords, use them to create one long sentence. This study used a case study of 60 liver transplant patients around the U.S. aged 20 to 50 years to assess how the waiting list volume affects the outcome of liver transplantation in patients. These indicate a positive correlation between increased waiting list volume and a negative prognosis after transplant procedure. Next create a working title. Remove elements that make it a complete sentence, but keep everything that is most important to what the study is about. Delete all unnecessary or redundant words. Now let's shift some words around and rephrase it a bit to shorten the length and make it leaner and yet more natural. What you are left with is a case study of 60 liver transplant patients around the U.S. aged 20 to 50 years assessing the impact of waiting list volume on outcome of a transplantation and showing a positive correlation between increased waiting list volume and negative prognosis. This is getting closer to what we want in a title, which is just the most important information. But note that the word count for this working title is still 38 words, whereas the average published journal article title is 16 words or fewer. Therefore we need to eliminate some words and phrases that are not essential to the title. In step 5 you will delete all extra words and phrases and put key words at the beginning and end of your title. Since the number of patients studied and the exact outcome are not the most essential elements of this paper, remove these elements first. In addition, the methods used in a study are not usually the most searched for keywords in databases and represent additional details that you may want to remove to make your title a little leaner. So we are left with assessing the impact of waiting list volume on outcome and prognosis in liver transplantation patients. In this final version you can immediately see how much clearer the title is and what the study is about and what it aims to achieve. And note that the important terms are written at the beginning and the end of the title. Assessing, which is the main action of the study, is at the beginning and liver transplantation patients, the specific subject of the study, is given at the end. This will help a lot with search engine and database queries, meaning that a lot more researchers will find your article once it is published. And if you want to add a subtitle to give more detail about methodology, you can do this by putting this information after a colon. A case study of US adult patients ages 20 to 25. We abide strictly by our word count rule, this may be unnecessary, but every journal has its own standard formatting and style guidelines for titles, so it's a good idea to be aware of these both while writing your title and writing the study itself. So let's review these steps. First, answer some basic questions about your paper. Next, identify and list keywords and phrases from these responses. Third, turn these keywords into a long sentence. Out of this long sentence you can create a working title, deleting any unnecessary and redundant words. Last, delete any extra elements to meet a suitable word count for your title. Note key terms at the beginning and the end, and again you may add a subtitle if it seems necessary or important to this study. Keep these tips in mind when creating your research paper title. Write the title after you've written your paper in abstract. Include all of your paper's essential terms. Keep it short and to the point, about 16 words or fewer is best. Avoid using jargon or abbreviations that will not be understandable by the general reader. Use keywords that closely relate to the content of your paper, and never use a period at the end of your title. Remember, your title is not a sentence. For more tips on how to improve your writing, visit wordvice.com and check out our resources page where you will find a great many helpful articles and videos. And be sure to subscribe to our YouTube channel and social media pages to stay up to date with more excellent academic writing and journal publications content.

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CWP: Craft of Prose: Researching the White Paper

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Research the White Paper

Researching the white paper:.

The process of researching and composing a white paper shares some similarities with the kind of research and writing one does for a high school or college research paper. What’s important for writers of white papers to grasp, however, is how much this genre differs from a research paper.  First, the author of a white paper already recognizes that there is a problem to be solved, a decision to be made, and the job of the author is to provide readers with substantive information to help them make some kind of decision--which may include a decision to do more research because major gaps remain. 

Thus, a white paper author would not “brainstorm” a topic. Instead, the white paper author would get busy figuring out how the problem is defined by those who are experiencing it as a problem. Typically that research begins in popular culture--social media, surveys, interviews, newspapers. Once the author has a handle on how the problem is being defined and experienced, its history and its impact, what people in the trenches believe might be the best or worst ways of addressing it, the author then will turn to academic scholarship as well as “grey” literature (more about that later).  Unlike a school research paper, the author does not set out to argue for or against a particular position, and then devote the majority of effort to finding sources to support the selected position.  Instead, the author sets out in good faith to do as much fact-finding as possible, and thus research is likely to present multiple, conflicting, and overlapping perspectives. When people research out of a genuine desire to understand and solve a problem, they listen to every source that may offer helpful information. They will thus have to do much more analysis, synthesis, and sorting of that information, which will often not fall neatly into a “pro” or “con” camp:  Solution A may, for example, solve one part of the problem but exacerbate another part of the problem. Solution C may sound like what everyone wants, but what if it’s built on a set of data that have been criticized by another reliable source?  And so it goes. 

For example, if you are trying to write a white paper on the opioid crisis, you may focus on the value of  providing free, sterilized needles--which do indeed reduce disease, and also provide an opportunity for the health care provider distributing them to offer addiction treatment to the user. However, the free needles are sometimes discarded on the ground, posing a danger to others; or they may be shared; or they may encourage more drug usage. All of those things can be true at once; a reader will want to know about all of these considerations in order to make an informed decision. That is the challenging job of the white paper author.     
 The research you do for your white paper will require that you identify a specific problem, seek popular culture sources to help define the problem, its history, its significance and impact for people affected by it.  You will then delve into academic and grey literature to learn about the way scholars and others with professional expertise answer these same questions. In this way, you will create creating a layered, complex portrait that provides readers with a substantive exploration useful for deliberating and decision-making. You will also likely need to find or create images, including tables, figures, illustrations or photographs, and you will document all of your sources. 

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Industrial Composition of Syndicated Loans and Banks' Climate Commitments

In the past two decades, a number of banks joined global initiatives aimed to mitigate climate change by “greening” their asset portfolios. We study whether banks that made such commitments have a different emission exposure of their portfolios of syndicated loans than banks that did not. We rely on loan-level information with global coverage combined with country-industry information on emissions. We find that all banks have reduced their loan-emission exposures over the last 8 years. However, we do not find differences between banks that did and those that did not signal their sustainability goals, with the exception of early signers of Principles of Responsible Investments (PRI), who already had lower exposure to emissions through their syndicated lending. In addition, banks that signed PRI shortened the maturity of the loans extended to highly-emitting industries but only temporarily. Thus, we conclude that banks reduced their exposure to climate transition risks on average, but voluntary climate commitments did not contribute to syndicated loan reallocation away from highly-emitting sectors.

We benefited from the comments of seminar participants at the ECB and BIS Mexico. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco or the Federal Reserve System, NBER, or CEPR. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.

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September National Health Observances: Healthy Aging, Sickle Cell Disease, and More

Each month, we feature select National Health Observances (NHOs) that align with our priorities for improving health across the nation. In September, we’re raising awareness about healthy aging, sickle cell disease, substance use recovery, and HIV/AIDS. 

Below, you’ll find resources to help you spread the word about these NHOs with your audiences. 

  • Healthy Aging Month Each September, we celebrate Healthy Aging Month to promote ways people can stay healthy as they age. Explore our healthy aging resources , bookmark the Healthy People 2030 and Older Adults page , share our Move Your Way® materials for older adults , and check out the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans Midcourse Report . You can also share resources related to healthy aging from the National Institute on Aging — and register for the 2024 National Healthy Aging Symposium to hear from experts on innovations to improve the health and well-being of older adults.
  • National Recovery Month The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) sponsors National Recovery Month to raise awareness about mental health and addiction recovery. Share our MyHealthfinder resources on substance use and misuse — and be sure to check out Healthy People 2030’s evidence-based resources related to drug and alcohol use . 
  • National Sickle Cell Awareness Month National Sickle Cell Awareness Month is a time to raise awareness and support people living with sickle cell disease. Help your community learn about sickle cell disease by sharing these resources from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) . You can also encourage new and expecting parents to learn about screening their newborn baby for sickle cell . And be sure to view our Healthy People 2030 objectives on improving health for people who have blood disorders .
  • National HIV/AIDS and Aging Awareness Day (September 18) On September 18, we celebrate HIV/AIDS and Aging Awareness Day to encourage older adults to get tested for HIV. Share CDC’s Let’s Stop HIV Together campaign to help promote HIV testing, prevention, and treatment. MyHealthfinder also has information for consumers about getting tested for HIV and actionable questions for the doctor about HIV testing . Finally, share these evidence-based resources on sexually transmitted infections from Healthy People 2030.
  • National Gay Men’s HIV/AIDS Awareness Day (September 27) National Gay Men’s HIV/AIDS Awareness Day on September 27 highlights the impact of HIV on gay and bisexual men and promotes strategies to encourage testing. Get involved by sharing CDC’s social media toolkit and HIV information to encourage men to get tested — and share our MyHealthfinder resources to help people get tested for HIV and talk with their doctor about testing .

We hope you’ll join us in promoting these important NHOs with your networks to help improve health across the nation!

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Research on the dynamics of word-of-mouth influencing stock prices.

research paper of synonym

1. Introduction

2. model construction and theoretical analysis, 2.1. mathematical model for information propagation and stock price fluctuations, 2.2. stability analysis, 2.2.1. stability of information propagation, 2.2.2. stability of stock price fluctuations, 3. numerical experiments, 3.1. event study method, 3.2. the situation where b < c, 3.3. the situation where b > c, 3.4. the situation where b = c, 3.5. summary, 4. model verification, 4.1. data collection, 4.2. empirical examination, 4.3. applicability of the model, 5. conclusions, author contributions, data availability statement, conflicts of interest.

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Share and Cite

Li, W.; Shen, H.; Huang, Z.; Yang, H.; Zhao, J. Research on the Dynamics of Word-of-Mouth Influencing Stock Prices. Systems 2024 , 12 , 344. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12090344

Li W, Shen H, Huang Z, Yang H, Zhao J. Research on the Dynamics of Word-of-Mouth Influencing Stock Prices. Systems . 2024; 12(9):344. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12090344

Li, Wanglai, Huizhang Shen, Zhangxue Huang, Hanzhe Yang, and Jidi Zhao. 2024. "Research on the Dynamics of Word-of-Mouth Influencing Stock Prices" Systems 12, no. 9: 344. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12090344

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A collection of prescription drug bottles and pills

Study combines data, molecular simulations to accelerate drug discovery

New research involving the uc college of medicine may lead to finding effective therapies faster.

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Researchers from the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital have found a new method to increase both speed and success rates in drug discovery.

The study, published Aug. 30 in the journal Science Advances, offers renewed promise when it comes to discovering new drugs.

“The hope is we can speed up the timeline of drug discovery from years to months,” said Alex Thorman, PhD, co-first author and a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences in the College of Medicine. 

Researchers combined two approaches for screening potential new drugs. First, they used a database from the Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures (LINCS) to screen tens of thousands of small molecules with potential therapeutic effects simultaneously. Then they combined the search with targeted docking simulations used to model the interaction between small molecules and their protein targets to find compounds of interest. That sped up the timing of the work from months to minutes — taking weeks of work required for initial screening down to an afternoon.

“Accuracy will only improve, hopefully offering new hope to many people who have diseases with no known cure, including those with cancer."

Alex Thorman, PhD Co-first author and postdoctoral fellow

Thorman said this faster screening method for compounds that could become drugs accelerates the drug research process. But it’s not only speed that is crucial. 

He added that this newer approach is more efficient at identifying potentially effective compounds.

“And the accuracy will only improve, hopefully offering new hope to many people who have diseases with no known cure, including those with cancer,” Thorman said.

It can also create more targeted treatment options in precision medicine, an innovative approach to tailoring disease prevention and treatment that takes into account differences in people's genes, environments and lifestyles. 

“An accelerated drug discovery process also could be a game changer in the ability to respond to public health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic,” said Thorman. “The timeline for developing effective drugs could be expedited.” 

Feature image at top: Collection of prescription drug bottles and pills. Photo/Provided.

Innovation Lives Here

The University of Cincinnati is leading public urban universities into a new era of innovation and impact. Our faculty, staff and students are saving lives, changing outcomes and bending the future in our city's direction.  Next Lives Here.

Other co-first authors included Jim Reigle, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, and Somchai Chutipongtanate, PhD, an associate professor in the Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences in the College of Medicine.

The corresponding authors of the study were Jarek Meller, PhD, a professor of biostatistics, health informatics and data sciences in the College of Medicine, and Andrew Herr, PhD, a professor of immunobiology in the Department of Pediatrics in the College of Medicine. 

Other co-investigators included Mario Medvedovic, PhD, professor and director of the Center for Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Services in the College of Medicine, and David Hildeman, PhD, professor of immunobiology in the College of Medicine. Both Herr and Hildeman have faculty research labs at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital. 

This research was funded in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health, a Department of Veterans Affairs merit award, a UC Cancer Center Pilot Project Award and a Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Innovation Fund award.

Those involved in the research are also co-inventors on three U.S. patents that are related to their work and have been filed by Cincinnati Children’s Hospital. 

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August 30, 2024

Researchers from the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital have found a new method to increase both speed and success rates in drug discovery. The study, published Aug. 30 in the journal Science Advances, offers renewed promise when it comes to discovering new drugs.

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Researchers from the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital have found a new method to increase both speed and success rates in drug discovery. The study, published Aug. 30 in the journal Science Advances, has been featured in several online publications.

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U.S. News & World Report highlighted recent research led by the University of Cincinnati and Northwell Health that found the drug metformin can help prevent or reduce weight gain in youth taking medication to treat bipolar disorder.

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  1. 14 Synonyms & Antonyms for RESEARCH PAPER

    Find 14 different ways to say RESEARCH PAPER, along with antonyms, related words, and example sentences at Thesaurus.com.

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    Synonyms for research paper include term paper, report, study, monograph, theme, discourse, paper, article, review and essay. Find more similar words at wordhippo.com!

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    RESEARCH PAPER - Synonyms, related words and examples | Cambridge English Thesaurus

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    Synonyms for Research Paper (other words and phrases for Research Paper). Synonyms for Research paper. 330 other terms for research paper- words and phrases with similar meaning. Lists. synonyms. antonyms. definitions. sentences. thesaurus. words. phrases. Parts of speech. nouns. Tags. answer. reaction. reply. suggest new.

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    Provides clarification, similar to "in other words.". Example The reaction is exothermic; that is to say, it releases heat. 13. To put it simply. Simplifies a complex idea, often for a more general readership. Example The universe is vast; to put it simply, it is larger than anything we can truly imagine. 14.

  6. 100+ Research Vocabulary Words & Phrases

    Wordvice provides high-quality English proofreading and editing services.We have helped thousands of researchers, students, writers, and businesses maximize the impact of their writing. Here are 100+ active verbs to make your research writing more engaging. Includes additional tops to improve word and phrase choices.

  7. RESEARCH Synonyms: 62 Similar Words

    Synonyms for RESEARCH: investigation, inquiry, study, exploration, examination, probing, probe, inspection, inquisition, delving

  8. Synonyms for Research papers

    dissertations. non-periodical publications. green papers. position papers. academic texts. scholarly papers. academic sources. Another way to say Research Papers? Synonyms for Research Papers (other words and phrases for Research Papers).

  9. 19 Research paper Synonyms. Similar words for Research paper

    Suggest synonym. Menu. 19 Research paper synonyms. What are another words for Research paper? Paper, study, manifesto, outline. Full list of synonyms for Research paper is here.

  10. Thesaurus for Research paper

    What's the definition of Research paper in thesaurus? Most related words/phrases with sentence examples define Research paper meaning and usage. Thesaurus for Research paper. Related terms for research paper- synonyms, antonyms and sentences with research paper. Lists. synonyms. antonyms. definitions. sentences. thesaurus. Parts of speech.

  11. Research Paper

    Definition: Research Paper is a written document that presents the author's original research, analysis, and interpretation of a specific topic or issue. It is typically based on Empirical Evidence, and may involve qualitative or quantitative research methods, or a combination of both. The purpose of a research paper is to contribute new ...

  12. What is another word for research

    Synonyms for research include investigation, examination, exploration, analysis, study, experimentation, fact-finding, inquiry, probe and probing. Find more similar ...

  13. Synonyms for research paper in English

    This is an opportunity to share your views or the results of a research paper. Study of a particular topic in ethics and writing of a research paper. Discover interesting words and their synonyms worst, grown, early, leading, wrong, trend, praise, wreck, sheet, engagement, den, heavy, support, culture, stream, strong, tape, clip, project, circle.

  14. (PDF) Useful Phrases for Writing Research Papers

    For example choose: Since x = y …. Although x = y …. Rather than. Given the fact that x = y …. Despite the fact that x = y …. Notwithstanding the fact that x = y …. Of course, if you ...

  15. Research Paper Format

    Research paper format is an essential aspect of academic writing that plays a crucial role in the communication of research findings.The format of a research paper depends on various factors such as the discipline, style guide, and purpose of the research. It includes guidelines for the structure, citation style, referencing, and other elements of the paper that contribute to its overall ...

  16. research paper

    research paper - WordReference thesaurus: synonyms, discussion and more. All Free.

  17. Finding Synonyms for Your Research Paper

    Examples of Appropriate Use of Synonyms in Research Papers. In research papers, it is essential to appropriately use synonyms when discussing similar topics. Using the same term repeatedly can lead to confusion and make a paper seem monotonous. To avoid this issue, many authors employ various words that mean the same thing in different contexts

  18. APA Style for beginners: High school, college, and beyond

    Students use it to write academic essays and research papers in high school and college, and professionals use it to conduct, report, and publish scientific research. Why use APA Style in high school? High school students need to learn how to write concisely, precisely, and inclusively so that they are best prepared for college and career. Here ...

  19. Crafting Effective Introductions for Research Papers: Essential Tips

    Speaker 1: After the title page and abstract, the reader's first true interaction with your research paper is the introduction. Your introduction will establish the foundation upon which your readers approach your work, and if you use the tips we discuss in this video, these readers should be able to logically apply the rules set in your introduction to all parts of your paper, all the way ...

  20. Creating Effective Research Paper Titles: A Step-by-Step Guide for

    Last, delete any extra elements to meet a suitable word count for your title. Note key terms at the beginning and the end, and again you may add a subtitle if it seems necessary or important to this study. Keep these tips in mind when creating your research paper title. Write the title after you've written your paper in abstract.

  21. Guides: CWP: Craft of Prose: Researching the White Paper

    The research you do for your white paper will require that you identify a specific problem, seek popular culture sources to help define the problem, its history, its significance and impact for people affected by it. You will then delve into academic and grey literature to learn about the way scholars and others with professional expertise ...

  22. What is another word for research papers

    Synonyms for research papers include term papers, reports, study, monographs, themes, discourse, paper, commentaries, work and findings. Find more similar words at ...

  23. Final Paper Submission Instructions

    Poster papers must be no longer than two (2) printed pages, written in English, and be formatted in the standard IEEE two-column format with a main body font size of 10 points. The mandatory IEEE templates in Microsoft Word and LaTeX format can be found on the IEEE templates webpage and the author and submission guideline webpage of the main ...

  24. Industrial Composition of Syndicated Loans and Banks' Climate

    Read the research here. More from NBER In addition to working papers , the NBER disseminates affiliates' latest findings through a range of free periodicals — the NBER Reporter , the NBER Digest , the Bulletin on Retirement and Disability , the Bulletin on Health , and the Bulletin on Entrepreneurship — as well as online conference ...

  25. RESEARCH PAPERS in Thesaurus: 40 Synonyms & Antonyms for RESEARCH PAPERS

    What's the definition of Research papers in thesaurus? Most related words/phrases with sentence examples define Research papers meaning and usage.

  26. September National Health Observances: Healthy Aging, Sickle Cell

    Each month, we feature select National Health Observances (NHOs) that align with our priorities for improving health across the nation. In September, we're raising awareness about healthy aging, sickle cell disease, substance use recovery, and HIV/AIDS. Below, you'll find resources to help you spread the word about these NHOs with your audiences.

  27. The physics behind the most annoying thing that could ever happen to

    Scientists have figured out what type of paper is the most prone to cut skin. Kaare Jensen, associate professor of physics at the Technical University of Denmark, explains.

  28. Bayesian Innovations for Advancing Psychological Research

    We are excited to announce a call for papers for an upcoming special issue of our esteemed journal, dedicated to "Bayesian Innovations for Advancing Psychological Research". In recent years, Bayesian statistics has emerged as a powerful tool in the psychological sciences, offering new insights and solutions to complex research questions.

  29. Research on the Dynamics of Word-of-Mouth Influencing Stock Prices

    Word-of-mouth (WOM) can be considered one form of public opinion, reflecting consumers' views towards product or service quality. With the development of social media, WOM holds influence over investors and subsequently impacts the stock prices of companies. The purpose of this study is to uncover the dynamics encompassing the factors that influence WOM, its propagation mechanisms, and the ...

  30. Study uncovers potential ways to accelerate drug discovery

    Researchers from the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital have found a new method to increase both speed and success rates in drug discovery. The study, published Aug. 30 in the journal Science Advances, offers renewed promise when it comes to discovering new drugs.