chemical reaction rocket experiment

How to Make a Baking Soda Rocket

January 27, 2022 By Emma Vanstone 6 Comments

Here at Science Sparks, we love anything space related, especially rockets! This baking soda rocket is one of our favourites, as it’s super easy to set up and can be launched over and over again!

I also have a water powered bottle rocket , film canister rocket and squeezy bottle rocket you can try too!

How to make a baking soda rocket

To make a baking soda rocket, you will need.

Small 500ml bottle – empty

Cork which fits tightly inside the neck of the bottle

Half a piece of kitchen roll ( paper towel )

One tablespoon baking soda – bicarbonate of soda

Vinegar or lemon juice

plastic bottle, straws, chalk pens, tape and a cork for making a baking soda rocket

Instructions

Use the tape to attach three straws to the side of the bottle, so it stands up upside down.

Pour about 2 cm of vinegar into the bottle.

Wrap the baking soda in the kitchen roll to make a little parcel.

Choose a launch area outside. It needs to be a hard surface.

When you’re ready to launch, drop the baking soda parcel into the bottle, quickly add the cork, put the rocket down and stand back!

Warning – make sure you have a clear, empty space and keep observers well back from the launch site as the rocket shoots up very quickly.

Baking Soda Rocket Top Tips

The cork needs to be tight, so the gas cannot escape.

To slow down the reaction, wrap the baking soda ( bicarbonate of soda ) in half a sheet of kitchen roll before adding it to the bottle. This slows down the reaction and gives you time to put the cork in and stand the rocket up.

Easy baking soda rocket - easy rocket activity for kids using baking soda and vinegar

Why does a baking soda rocket work?

Baking soda and vinegar react to neutralise each other, which releases carbon dioxide gas.

The carbon dioxide gas builds up inside the plastic bottle. When the pressure of the gas in the bottle is high enough, the cork is forced out of the bottle.

The downward force of the cork being forced out of the bottle creates an upward thrust force which makes the bottle shoot up into the air. This is an example of Newton’s Third Law.

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Warning – Take care when setting this up, and wear eye protection as the bottle can shoot up very quickly!

Download my Baking Soda Rocket instructions here.

printable instructions for a baking soda rocket experiment

Baking Soda Rocket Extension Tasks

Different combinations of vinegar and baking soda.

Try experimenting with different amounts of vinegar and baking soda to find the perfect combination. Remember, you don’t want the reaction to happen too quickly, but enough gas needs to be produced to force the cork out of the bottle!

Lemon juice as rocket fuel

Try lemon or lime juice instead of vinegar. Investigate whether lemon/lime juice is as effective as vinegar.

Learn about Newton's Third Law with this easy baking soda rocket! Fun rocket science experiment for kids Image shows several different mini baking soda rockets.

More Space Science Experiments for Kids

Discover how craters are formed using marbles, flour and hot chocolate powder.

Or why not set up your very own space camp ?

If you’re looking for EVEN more space science ideas, you can find SEVENTY exciting space-themed experiments in my book This IS Rocket Science !

This IS Rocket Science - space science book for kids

Last Updated on April 9, 2024 by Emma Vanstone

Safety Notice

Science Sparks ( Wild Sparks Enterprises Ltd ) are not liable for the actions of activity of any person who uses the information in this resource or in any of the suggested further resources. Science Sparks assume no liability with regard to injuries or damage to property that may occur as a result of using the information and carrying out the practical activities contained in this resource or in any of the suggested further resources.

These activities are designed to be carried out by children working with a parent, guardian or other appropriate adult. The adult involved is fully responsible for ensuring that the activities are carried out safely.

Reader Interactions

October 09, 2020 at 11:29 am

Tried this today with my children at nursery. It went so well we had to do it 3 times. They loved it and was a great way to celebrate space week!

October 12, 2020 at 11:30 am

That’s brilliant to know, thank you!

April 03, 2024 at 11:28 pm

This is a great project for a school science fair, I did this with my 2 friends and it went great! we used lemon juice instead of vinegar because my friend was very allergic to strong acidic smells. this was a good project ! highly recommended.

July 23, 2021 at 9:42 pm

What is ‘kitchen roll’?

July 24, 2021 at 7:38 pm

Sorry, it’s maybe known to you as kitchen towel? Basically a disposable roll of thick tissue used in the kitchen!

March 15, 2022 at 5:19 pm

Daughter loved these experiments! Great way to pass March Break. Playing and learning…. 🙂

Fizzy Rockets: Igniting Science Fun with Simple Chemical Reactions

Exploring the world of education, you might find yourself captivated by the astonishing experiments that marry science with fun. Fizzy rockets, a classic example of engaging practical science, combine the thrill of crafting with the fundamentals of chemistry. When you create a fizzy rocket, you’re not just piecing together paper and tape; you’re setting the stage for a mesmerising chemical reaction that propels your creation skyward.

This experience transforms a simple soft drink bottle into an educational spectacle, demonstrating how a chemical reaction can produce gas and generate enough pressure to launch your rocket. As you embark on making your fizzy rocket, you’re applying principles of rocket science and chemistry, sparking both curiosity and understanding of the forces at play. Plus, the act of launching a rocket, whether in the classroom or the back garden, showcases the joy of learning through doing.

Michelle Connolly, with her 16 years of classroom experience, remarks, “Fizzy rockets ignite a child’s imagination—it’s rocket science they can hold in their hands.” Through this hands-on approach, you’re not only learning scientific concepts but also the satisfaction of seeing your own creation take flight.

Key Takeaways

A fizzy rocket demonstrates the application of chemical reactions for propulsion.
Building and launching a rocket combines practical science with educational fun.
The process highlights the joy of learning through hands-on experimentation.

Understanding Chemical Reactions

In this exploration of chemical reactions , you will uncover the fundamentals of how substances interact to form new products, and the pivotal role catalysts have in these processes.

Basics of Chemical Reactions

Chemical reactions are the processes by which substances, called reactants, transform into different substances, known as products. This transformation occurs as atoms and molecules are rearranged. During a reaction, you may observe changes such as gas production, temperature shifts, colour alterations, or the formation of precipitates. These observable changes are crucial for the scientific method , involving careful experimentation and observation to build and test scientific knowledge.

To appreciate the complexities of chemical reactions, consider the simple act of baking. When you combine flour, sugar, and baking soda (the reactants), and then add heat, a chemical reaction occurs. The result? A delicious cake (the product) with properties vastly different from those of the separate ingredients.

Role of Catalysts

Catalysts are substances that increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. Remarkably, they don’t alter the final products of the reaction; instead, they offer a pathway with a lower activation energy, enabling reactants to convert into products more efficiently.

Michelle Connolly, an educational consultant with extensive classroom experience, puts it succinctly: “Catalysts can be the unsung heroes of chemistry, often making the difference between a reaction that takes years to one that takes mere seconds.”

The science behind catalysts is key to numerous industrial processes and scientific advancements. Their exploitation spans a range of fields, from enhancing the production of chemicals to reducing harmful emissions in vehicle exhausts.

The Anatomy of a Fizzy Rocket

Before creating your own fizzy rocket , it’s essential to understand the key components and the assembly process. An effective rocket harnesses a chemical reaction to propel itself. Using simple materials, you can experience this hands-on science experiment.

Materials and Design

To build a fizzy rocket, you will need:

1 film canister: This will be the main body of your rocket.
Baking soda: Acts as a solid base for the chemical reaction.
Vinegar: The acidic component that reacts with baking soda.
Tape: For securing and adjusting parts of the rocket.
Paper: To create the cone and fins of your rocket.
Scissors: For cutting your paper to the correct size.

The design of your fizzy rocket is straightforward but critically affects its flight. A regular film canister provides the perfect reaction chamber, while the cone made from paper helps with aerodynamics. Sturdy tape secures the cone and fins which provide stability during flight.

Assembly Instructions

Firstly, cut a circle out of paper, snip to the center, and form it into a cone shape, then tape it securely to the canister’s bottom (with the cap off). Next, cut out small symmetrical triangles from paper to make fins. Attach these to the sides of the canister using tape, ensuring they are evenly spaced for stability.

For the chemical reaction, fill your film canister one quarter full with vinegar. Add a teaspoon of baking soda onto a small square of tissue. When you’re ready to launch, swiftly drop the baking soda into the canister, snap the cap on tightly, and place your rocket cap-side down on a flat surface. Stand back and watch the reaction. The build-up of carbon dioxide from the reaction between the vinegar and baking soda will eventually force the cap off and propel your rocket upwards.

Michelle Connolly, the founder of LearningMole and an educational consultant with more than 16 years of classroom experience, says, “The excitement of watching a fizzy rocket launch can ignite a child’s passion for science and learning. It’s all about bringing theory to life.” Through activities like this, you’re not just reading about science; you’re experiencing it.

The Science Behind Rocket Launch

Before diving into the workings of a rocket launch, it’s important to understand how combustion and pressure work together to defy gravity , and how the principles of gas laws enable the generation of thrust necessary for lift-off.

Combustion and Pressure

When you launch a fizzy rocket, a chemical reaction between an acid and a base generates carbon dioxide gas. This reaction occurs in the presence of oxygen , a key element in combustion . As the gas is produced, it builds up pressure inside the rocket’s chamber. When this pressure becomes great enough, it forces the gas out, propelling the rocket upwards against the force of gravity .

“Rockets operate on principles that can seem quite complex, but at their heart, it’s all about a controlled explosion driving pressure upwards,” shares Michelle Connolly, a seasoned educational consultant with over a decade and a half in the classroom.

Gas Laws and Thrust Generation

The production of thrust is governed by Newton’s third law of motion : for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. As the carbon dioxide gas rushes out of the nozzle, it exerts a force in the opposite direction, generating thrust . This can be further explained by the gas laws, which describe how the pressure , volume, and temperature of a gas influence each other. In the closed environment of a rocket, as the volume of gas increases, the pressure also goes up, which results in a forceful ejection of gas and an upward thrust .

Understanding these scientific principles helps you grasp the complexities inherent in launching a rocket, making your involvement in the process an enlightening experience.

Conducting the Experiment

Before beginning the fizzy rocket experiment, ensure you have all necessary materials at hand and understand the safety precautions to create a productive learning environment.

Step-by-Step Procedure

Gather your materials: You’ll need a small film canister, effervescent tablets, water, and safety goggles.
Put on your safety goggles to protect your eyes.
Fill the film canister one-third with water.
Add a quarter of an effervescent tablet to the canister.
Quickly snap the lid on the canister and place it lid down on a flat surface.
Step back and observe the chemical reaction. Your fizzy rocket should “blast off” as the gas produced from the reaction builds up pressure inside the canister.

Experimenting with different amounts of water or tablet can be a great extension to this activity and a challenge for you to see varying results.

Safety Measures

Always wear safety goggles: Protecting your eyes is crucial when conducting science experiments to prevent injury from unexpected reactions.
Conduct the experiment in an open space: This ensures that you have enough room for the rocket to launch without damaging anything.
Do not point the rocket at anyone : Aim the rocket upwards, away from yourself and others.
“Making education fun yet safe should always be a priority,” says Michelle Connolly, an expert in the field with over a decade of classroom experience.

Remember that this fizzy rocket experiment is a practical application of science, providing a vivid illustration of the principles of chemical reactions that you can safely perform in a classroom setting as part of a dynamic lesson plan.

Chemistry in Action

Explore how everyday substances can launch a fizzy rocket in an exciting display of chemistry in action.

Reactants and Products

In the energetic world of chemical reactions , simple kitchen ingredients like baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) and vinegar can create a surprising amount of power. When combined, these substances react to form new products: water, carbon dioxide gas , and a salt called sodium acetate. The carbon dioxide gas rapidly produces bubbles, which is a sign that the reaction is taking place.

Energy Transfer

During the reaction , not only are new products formed, but energy is also transferred. The interaction between baking soda and vinegar is exothermic, meaning it releases energy in the form of temperature increase. This energy causes the gas bubbles to expand, creating the pressure needed to propel your fizzy rocket skyward.

“Watching a fizzy rocket blast off is a tangible and exciting way to witness energy transfer and the transformation of reactants to products,” shares Michelle Connolly, a leading expert with over 16 years of classroom experience.

The Thrill of Launching

Embarking on the journey of launching a fizzy rocket is not only a testament to the ingenuity of STEM but also a captivating way to engage with the fundamental laws of physics. Observing the transformation of energy into force that propels the rocket skyward truly brings the excitement of NASA missions to your own backyard.

Pre-Launch Checklist

Safety first: Ensure you wear safety goggles and maintain a safe distance once the rocket is set for launch.

Confirm all materials are on hand: vinegar, baking soda, a plastic bottle, cork, and tissue.
Check the launch area for stability and clear of obstructions.
Assure the rocket’s construction is secure, with fins attached and the cork fitting snugly.

Tip: A trial without the reactive agents can help identify any structural weaknesses.

Countdown and Blast Off

At this climactic moment, anticipation builds as you meticulously add the vinegar and baking soda to your rocket. The chemical reaction is fast-approaching, and energy is about to be swiftly released.

Initiate the countdown – excitement mounts as you near zero.
Blast off! Witness the incredible surge of force as the fizzy concoction reacts, vaulting the rocket into the air.

Observation is key: Track the rocket’s trajectory and height – each a live demonstration of Newton’s Third Law in action.

Michelle Connolly, a founder and educational consultant with over a decade and a half in the classroom, states, “Every launch is a story of curiosity meeting creativity – the heart of scientific inquiry and joy in STEM learning.”

Rocket Design Optimisation

Optimising your fizzy rocket design is a fascinating challenge. This involves a mix of creative experimentation and careful analysis to achieve the most efficient and powerful launch.

Modifying Variables

When you’re tinkering with your fizzy rocket, which can be fashioned from everyday items like film canisters and water bottles, consider the water to Alka-Seltzer ratio as the main reaction variable. Aerospace engineers frequently adjust similar proportions in rocket fuel to maximise thrust. The surface area of the Alka-Seltzer can play a crucial role as well; breaking the tablets into smaller pieces can speed up the reaction, potentially leading to a quicker thrust.

“Increasing the surface area of the reactants can dramatically impact the rate of the reaction, creating a more forceful launch,” notes Michelle Connolly, educational consultant with 16 years of classroom experience and founder of LearningMole.

Analysing Flight Data

After each launch, collect data on the rocket’s performance. Key metrics might include the height achieved, distance travelled, and duration of flight. By systematically documenting this information and adjusting your design, you’ll begin to see patterns that highlight optimal configurations. It’s the liquid dynamics inside the rocket that largely determine its success. Each alteration you make provides insights into the complex chemistry and physics at play, unveiling a clear path to optimisation without the expense of large scale testing.

Remember, the key to successful rocket design optimisation is a balance between practical experiments and theoretical adjustments. Your backyard can become a testing ground for exploring the fundamental principles of physics and chemistry, igniting a passion for learning that soars as high as your rockets.

Crafting Rockets in the Classroom

Engage your students with the exhilarating world of chemical reactions by creating fizzy rockets right in your classroom. This hands-on project aligns seamlessly with STEM education , promoting an understanding of the scientific method while sparking exciting discussions.

Educational Benefits

Chemistry in action becomes tangible when you incorporate fizzy rocket creations into your lesson plans. Introducing the concept of chemical reactions, you provide a clearer grasp of classroom theory through practical application. Not only does this activity support the curriculum, but it also encourages children to use analytical skills as they predict, observe, and conclude — core aspects of the scientific method .

Raises discussion on cause and effect. Links to STEM disciplines by highlighting the role of chemistry in technology and engineering.

Interactive Learning Activities

Get ready to turn your classroom into a launchpad with these dynamic activities. Develop a lesson plan that involves students at every stage – from crafting their rockets to watching them blast off due to the chemical reaction between baking soda and vinegar.

Step-by-step Process : Document a recipe for creating their rockets, making use of clear instructions and safety precautions.
Conduct Experiments : Test variables such as the amount of reactants or the shape of the rocket to gauge different outcomes.

By crafting rockets, you’re not just teaching a science lesson; you’re fueling the imagination and creating a memorable learning experience that students will link back to their curriculum understanding. Michelle Connolly, an educational consultant, supports this approach, stating, “It’s when students see science in action that the learning really sticks. Fizzy rockets turn the classroom into a buzzing hub of inquiry and excitement.”

Remember, a classroom that resonates with the excitement of discovery is one that fosters a deeper love for learning.

DIY Science at Home

Engaging in DIY science activities at home is a fun and enlightening way to explore basic scientific principles . Let’s learn how to construct a fizzy rocket using simple materials and understand the chemical reactions that make it launch.

Homemade Rocket Materials

For your fizzy rocket, you’ll need:

A plastic bottle : This will serve as the body of your rocket.
A cork : To fit snugly in the mouth of the bottle, acting as the rocket’s base.
Bicarbonate of soda (baking soda) and vinegar : These reactants will fuel your rocket.

Gather your materials and prepare for a science experiment that illustrates the power of chemical reactions right in your own garden or outdoor space.

“Exploring science with your children doesn’t need to be complicated or require special equipment,” says Michelle Connolly, founder of LearningMole, with over 16 years of classroom experience.

Ensuring a Successful Launch

To ensure a safe and successful launch:

Safely secure your rocket on a launchpad or clear area.
Mix the reactants in the plastic bottle to fuel your rocket.
Quickly place the cork at the mouth of the bottle and stand back.

Remember, safety comes first, so ensure you conduct this science activity in an open and safe environment away from obstacles.

The Dynamics of Fizzy Rockets

In the thrilling world of fizzy rockets, understanding the forces at play and the careful balance of mass and lift is essential. Let’s explore the principles that govern the motion of these effervescent flyers.

Forces and Motion

For your fizzy rocket to soar, it’s necessary to grasp how different forces interact. The launch of your fizzy rocket is a spectacle of chemistry and physics combined. Inside the launch tube , a chemical explosion generates gases. This rapid release of gases exerts a force on the rocket, propelling it upwards.

Gravity regularly opposes the rocket’s climb, a perpetual tug back towards the launch pad .
An aircraft in flight, much like your rocket, battles with gravity which can be thought of as its antithesis.

Newton’s Third Law encapsulates the fizz rocket’s motion perfectly: for every action, there’s an equal and opposite reaction. When the propellant in your rocket reacts and fizzles out, it pushes the rocket up into the sky.

Balancing Mass and Lift

The balance between mass and lift is a delicate dance.

Mass : The total weight of the rocket; it includes the rocket’s structure, the propellant, and any payload. The more mass, the more force you need to achieve lift-off.
Lift : The force that must exceed gravity to get your rocket airborne.

Michelle Connolly, an educational consultant with extensive classroom experience, says, “The art of fizzy rocketry lies in the symmetry of its science. It’s a tangible way for learners to engage with fundamental physics principles through playful experimentation.”

Your rocket’s mass must harmonize with the lift generated by the propellant gases.

If the mass is too great, no amount of fizz is going to get that rocket off the ground.
Conversely, optimal lift is achieved when you’ve got just the right amount of propellant to send your rocket skyward, defying gravity’s relentless grip.

By fine-tuning these elements, you ensure that your fizzy rocket finds its way to the sky in a display of might and wonder that’s grounded in scientific mastery.

From Classroom to Outer Space

The allure of space exploration has always captivated minds, and with the right propulsion system, a water bottle rocket can demonstrate the basics of aerospace principles right in the classroom.

Sparking Interest in Space Exploration

“Watching a rocket soar towards the stars can ignite a child’s love for space exploration,” says Michelle Connolly, Founder of LearningMole and educational consultant with over 16 years of classroom experience. By launching a simple water bottle rocket , students not only witness the thrill of liftoff but also comprehend fundamental concepts of STEM education. This hands-on project demonstrates how applying high pressure can power a transport vehicle, much like the propulsion systems used by NASA .

The Future of Educational Science

Your interaction with educational content can inspire future aerospace engineers . Projects like water bottle rockets provide a basic understanding of the forces acting on spacecrafts and encapsulate essential science, from the role of STEM to the complexities of rocket mechanics. Engaging with platforms like LearningMole introduces you to the exploration possibilities, setting you on course for a potential career in space or related fields.

Frequently Asked Questions

Embarking on a fizzy rocket experiment combines fun with the marvels of science. Here are the most common queries you might have about these effervescent projectiles.

How does the addition of water initiate the chemical reaction in Alka-Seltzer rockets?

“When you add water to the Alka-Seltzer tablet inside your rocket, it dissolves and creates a reaction that produces carbon dioxide gas,” explains Michelle Connolly, an expert with over a decade of experience in the classroom. This gas builds up pressure inside the sealed rocket until it forces the lid off, propelling the rocket upwards.

What scientific principles allow fizzy bottle rockets to launch?

Fizzy bottle rockets are governed by Newton’s third law of motion, which states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction. The pressurised carbon dioxide escaping the rocket acts as the action force, while the equal opposite force propels the rocket upwards.

Can you explain the chemical reaction that propels a fizzy rocket?

The propulsion of a fizzy rocket is achieved through a simple acid-base reaction. The citric acid and sodium bicarbonate in the Alka-Seltzer tablet react with water to produce carbon dioxide gas, which rapidly expands and forces the rocket to launch.

What safety precautions should be observed when conducting fizzy rocket experiments?

Safety is paramount in any experiment. “Wear protective goggles, conduct your experiments in an open area away from people and breakable objects, and never point the rocket towards someone,” advises Michelle Connolly, founder of LearningMole.

How can the flight of a fizzy rocket be optimised?

To optimise your fizzy rocket’s flight, ensure it’s lightweight and aerodynamically shaped. Adjust the amount of water and tablet size to find the perfect balance for maximum propulsion without over-pressurising your rocket.

What are the environmental impacts of conducting fizzy rocket experiments?

Fizzy rocket experiments are environmentally friendly as they use non-toxic materials. However, it’s important to retrieve all parts after launch and recycle or dispose of them responsibly to minimise any environmental impact.

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Spectacle Science: Exploring Homemade Rockets

A 4th of July chemistry challenge from Science Buddies

By Science Buddies

Key concepts Chemical reactions Physics Gravity Rockets Thrust Pressurization

Introduction Have you ever marveled at how fireworks, toy rockets or real spacecraft can launch into the air? It can be an amazing thing to witness. It is thrilling to see something lift off against Earth's gravity. The strong push required to launch a spacecraft comes from a chemical reaction in its rockets. This means that every time you see a spacecraft launch, you're watching chemistry at work. In this activity you'll get to blast an object into the air using two simple household ingredients: baking soda and vinegar. Investigate how to mix these chemicals to get the best lift off, and then this Independence Day you could give your family a homemade, gravity-defying show!

Background How does a spacecraft lift off and get into space? The simple answer is that it has rocket engines that propel it. The rockets depend on combustion to provide the thrust the spacecraft needs to overcome the force of gravity and climb into orbit. Combustion is a fast, exothermic chemical reaction between a fuel (for example, jet fuel) and an oxidizer (such as oxygen) in which the fuel burns and heat is produced. Usually the fuel is an organic compound (containing hydrogen and carbon, and sometimes metal and/or other components). During the chemical reaction, new compounds are made. These are referred to as the exhaust. The rockets push the hot exhaust out from the bottom at high pressure and thus the spacecraft is thrust upward.

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In this activity instead of using rocket fuel you will use baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) and vinegar (acetic acid) to make a different kind of chemical reaction that can launch a small-scale rocket made from a film canister. The reaction produces water and carbon dioxide (which will appear as bubbles). You'll take advantage of the pressure the carbon dioxide gas makes in the capped film canister to launch your rocket.

Materials • Plastic film canister with a lid and tight seal. Fuji or Kodak canisters should work. • Baking soda • Measuring spoons • Wax paper or bowl • Spoon • Water • Vinegar • An open outdoor area at least two meters from buildings. It is ideal to have a hard, flat surface such as a paved patio or driveway. • Safety goggles • Rag or paper towel • Optional: Construction paper, transparent tape, stickers and scissors • Optional: A helper to watch, a helper to take a video or a video camera with a tripod

Preparation • If you like, you may decorate your film canister rocket. You could wrap a piece of construction paper around the canister and cut the paper so it just covers the rocket's sides (but does not go above or below the sides). After evenly wrapping the paper on the canister, secure it with some tape. You can add additional flat decorations, like stickers or drawings. Make sure it is still easy to put the lid on. • Remember, when you launch your film canister rocket be sure to wear eye protection and exercise caution!

Procedure • Place one teaspoon (tsp.) of baking soda onto the wax paper or bowl. Add one eighth tsp. of water to the baking soda and mix it in well. If you're using wax paper, you can carefully use the wax paper to fold the damp baking soda onto itself to help mix in the water. • Turn the film canister lid upside down and pack the inside of the depression with the damp baking soda. (Do not put baking soda near the rim where the canister snaps onto the lid.) Pack it tightly. Turn the lid right side up again for a moment. Does the damp baking soda stay in place? If it stays, move on to preparing the vinegar. If it falls out, add a little bit more water to the baking soda and mix it in, but try to add as little water as needed. The baking soda will not need to stay packed into the lid long. • Add one tsp. of vinegar to the canister at a time, filling it almost to the top. You need to add as much vinegar to the canister as possible—just enough to keep the vinegar and the baking soda from coming into contact when you later snap the lid onto the canister. Depending on the canister, this may be about five tsp. of vinegar. How much vinegar did you use? • Go outside to an open area at least six feet from buildings. If you want to videotape the reactions, set the video camera so that it has in its viewfinder the spot where you will launch your canister rocket and the equivalent of at least the first story of a building and then start the video. (Alternatively, you may have a helper watch the reactions to help you figure out how high the canisters go.) • Put on your safety goggles. Stoop down near the ground on a flat, hard spot and quickly snap the lid onto the canister to seal it. Immediately turn the canister over so the lid is on the ground, and quickly move away. Wait for the chemical reaction to occur. How long does it take to happen? When the lid pops off, the rocket should launch. How high does the canister go? • Tip: If the rocket did not launch, the lid might not have been sealed tightly enough. (If this happens you may simply see many foamy bubbles coming out of the canister.) The rocket may not have launched right for some other apparent reason (such as not sealing the lid fast enough). If it didn't launch right, try preparing and launching the canister rocket again. You may need a little practice to get used to launching the rocket. • After the launch, carefully rinse the lid and canister with water and then dry them. If your canister is covered by construction paper, make sure it doesn't get too wet. • Prepare the damp baking soda and vinegar as before but this time use a little more than half the original amount of vinegar. For example, if you used five tsp. of vinegar, this time use three tsp. (Still use one tsp. of baking soda.) • Again, go outdoors, put your safety goggles on and launch your newly prepared canister rocket. Does it take longer, shorter or about the same amount of time as the first rocket did to launch? Does it go a higher, shorter or about the same distance? • Lastly, rinse the lid and canister with water, dry them and prepare them as before but this time use one tsp. of vinegar (or around one fifth of the original amount that you used). Put your safety goggles on, go outside and launch the canister rocket. How long does it take to launch compared with the other two launches? How high does the canister go compared with the previous two times? • If you're unsure of any of your results, you can try repeating them (using the same amount of baking soda and vinegar). • What amount of vinegar led to the highest launch height? Why do you think this is? • Extra: You can try varying the amount of vinegar even more and see how this affects the rocket's launch, such as using one, two, then three tsps., etcetera, of vinegar. (You could also repeat the same conditions you tested to see how consistent your results are.) How does changing the amount of vinegar in the canister change how it launches? • Extra : You could also try changing the amount of baking soda (keeping the same amount of vinegar) and see how this affects the canister's launch. For example, you could try comparing one, three-fourths, one-half and one-quarter tsp. of baking soda. (Adjust and use just enough water for the baking soda to stick to the depression in the lid.) How does changing the amount of baking soda in the lid affect the canister's launch? • Extra: Add a cone and fins to your rocket (such as out of construction paper) and launch it again using the best conditions you found. How does adding these components affect the canister's launch? Observations and results Did the launch using the smallest amount of vinegar result in the highest launch height? Did it also take the most time to launch?

When baking soda and vinegar are mixed together, the reaction produces water and carbon dioxide gas. In the capped film canister, the carbon dioxide gas builds up until the pressure of all of the contained gas causes the canister to pop open. The pressurized carbon dioxide then quickly escapes the canister through the open bottom. This is how the chemical reaction provides the thrust the canister needs to launch. You may have noticed that when the least amount of vinegar was used, it took a little longer to launch than when more vinegar was used. Because there was less vinegar in the canister, there was more space for carbon dioxide gas to fill. It takes longer for more carbon dioxide to be made from the reaction and thereby more is needed to fill this larger space and build up enough pressure to pop the lid open like it did before. Overall, when the least amount of vinegar is used, more carbon dioxide can fill the canister and a higher launch height should be seen (possibly around 15 feet, compared with around six feet when the canister was nearly full of vinegar).

Cleanup If you launched your rocket on a concrete surface, spray the surface down with some water after you have completed your launches.

More to explore Rocket Thrust , from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Combustion , from NASA Baking Soda and Vinegar Reaction and Demonstrations , from apple-cider-vinegar-benefits.com Rocketology: Baking Soda + Vinegar = Liftoff! , from Science Buddies This activity brought to you in partnership with Science Buddies

Fizzy Bottle Rocket Experiment- A Fantastic Outdoor Science Activity

October 8, 2020
Science Videos

Presented by Danielle and Michael, this fizzy bottle rocket experiment is a fantastic outdoor science activity . It is all about how chemical reaction creates high pressure, which is sufficient enough to push an object.

Courtesy: The Royal Institution

Do you know how rockets fly? Are you aware that they can not escape the gravity of Earth unless they are covering at least 7 miles per second? Kids often think about launching a rocket, or fly high in the sky like a bird! Although it is not possible to fly in the sky, unless you are in a hot air balloon or in an aircraft . You can launch your rocket and that too without any powerful jet engine! Does this sound unbelievable? Let’s learn about the fizzy bottle rocket experiment to launch your bottle rocket.

Steps to Make Fizzy Bottle Rocket

Raw materials .

One fruit shoot bottle (500 ml)
Few fizzy tablets ( Alka Seltzer /Berocca tablets)
1 Mug or jar large enough to fit the bottle in an upside-down position
Some warm water

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Steps to follow

Take the fruit shoot bottle and unscrew its lid
Fill half of the fruit shoot bottle with warm water
Take two fizzy tablets and break them in half
Now drop the broken pieces of fizzy tablets into the bottle
Quickly put the lid firmly on the bottle and shake it
Put the fruit shoot bottle inside the mug or jar in an upside-down position
Make sure the bottle lid touches the bottom of the jar
Stand back and wait for at least three minutes
Your fizzy bottle rocket will get launched!

Observation

You will observe that when you put the half-filled fruit shoot bottle upside down inside the jar after shaking it hard, the lid opens within no time, and the bottle shoots up like a rocket high up in the sky. Now, you must be curious to understand how small pieces of fizzy tablets can push your bottle enough to launch it like a rocket. To understand the science behind this, you need to know how do the fizzy tablets work and act as fuel for your bottle rocket.

What makes the bottle rocket fly?

You all may have noticed that fizzy tablets or vitamin tablets get dissolved in water, but do you know while getting dissolved, they release bubbles of colorless carbon-dioxide gas. The phenomenon occurs because fizzy tablets contain agents that are capable of releasing CO2 when they react with water.

So, when you shake the bottle and turned it upside down inside the jug, the gas builds up rapidly and expands. This chemical reaction of the agents of a fizzy tablet with water exerts a pressure on the lid of the bottle and eventually pushes it to let the CO2 gas escape from the bottle.

When this pressure becomes enough, it pushes the lid. As every action has an equal and opposite reaction as per Newton’s third law of motion, the liquid and gas coming out of the bottle in a downward direction push the bottle in the opposite direction like the gases emitting out of a real rocket push it high in the sky. Now, did you ever wondered, if the bottle can fly high as a rocket, what is the need to half-fill the bottle with warm water? Isn’t a little amount of water enough to dissolve the fizzy tablet pieces? Let’s discover the answer.

Why does a bottle rocket need water?

Well, water is heavier than air. So, although air will produce enough pressure to push the bottle in an upward direction, adding water means more pressure to produces more thrust. Thrust is the force that is generated by the rocket propulsion system to move the rocket through space. It has an impact on all things that fly in the air, including birds and aircraft!

Remember, if you do not have access to fizzy tablets, you can also conduct the bottle rocket experiment with baking soda and vinegar . You have to replace warm water with vinegar and fizzy tablets with one tablespoon of baking soda. You can also use lemon juice if vinegar is not available.

Here are the steps to follow.

Raw materials

An empty 500ml plastic bottle
A cork that fits firmly on the bottleneck
A small piece of kitchen roll
One tablespoon baking soda
One small cup of vinegar
Three straws
1 Tape

Instructions

Take the empty plastic bottle and attach three straws to its side with the help of a tape in such a way that it can stand upside down
Choose an outdoor open space to conduct your experiment
Now pour approximately 2 cm of vinegar into the bottle.
Wrap the baking soda in the piece of kitchen roll and drop it inside the bottle.
Now, quickly add the cork and place the bottle on the ground or any hard surface in an upside-down position.
Your rocket will shoot up high in the sky.

This fantastic video of the fizzy bottle rocket experiment gives a deep insight into how a chemical reaction triggers enough pressure to push an object. So, the next time when you hear a hissing sound while opening a can of soda, know that it is because of the escape of millions of CO2 molecules. Kids can also try to conduct with more warm water and different sizes of bottles to know whether the temperature of the water or the size of the bottle affects the chemical reaction in any way or not.

More Fizzy Activities For Kids

Make Fizzy Sherbet

DIY Lava Lamp

Get Complete Lesson Plan

https://www.rigb.org/docs/fizzybottlerockets_infosheet_v2_0.pdf

https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/rocket/rktbot.html#:~:text=Before%20launch%2C%20the%20bottle%20is,thrust%20than%20compressed%20air%20alone.&text=The%20mass%20of%20the%20bottle,of%20the%20exhausting%20water%20plume.

https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/rocket/rktth1.html

https://www.factsjustforkids.com/technology-facts/rocket-facts-for-kids.html#:~:text=Rockets%20are%20propelled%20forward%20using,least%207%20miles%20per%20second.

https://www.science-sparks.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Baking-Soda-Rocket-Instructions-1-1.pdf

Explanation

What happens if you light the tea bag somewhere else?
What happens if you tape several "tea bag tubes" together into a long rocket?

Gilla:		Dela:

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Bottle Rockets

Bottle Rockets. Those two simple words turned a boring summer day into one filled with, fun, excitement and learning. I’m not sure if your kids are getting a bit bored this summer, but recently when my boys were complaining I mentioned those two little words and suddenly everything changed! As soon as they heard that there would be rockets, chemistry and explosions (well kind of!), they were very enthusiastic.

Bottle Rockets Backyard Science

What you will discover in this article!

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What is it about making big epic reactions that makes all kids REALLY love science? We have done bottle rockets so many times during the years. In fact this is one of the very first activities we shared at STEAM Powered Family. I have now updated it with better pictures and video. But even though my kids are teens now, they still LOVE setting off rockets in the backyard!

Check out our Bottle Rockets video!

If you can’t see the video of this fun activity in action, ensure you have turned off your adblockers as they also block our video feed. If you are still having issues, please check the STEAM Powered Family YouTube Channel and find the video there. 3, 2, 1… Blast off the fun!

After watching a recent launch from NASA as they sent more astronauts to the International Space Station, my kids turned to me and said it was time to break out the bottle rockets again. So here we go, time for launch!

How to Build a Bottle Rocket

Step 1 – build a launch pad.

There are a few ways you can build a launch pad. The key engineering components the kids need to address, no matter what materials they use, is that it needs to be stable and just the right size to hold our rocket (an upside-down 2 litre pop bottle) without it slipping through.

We have built rocket launch pads using tinker toys, craft sticks and LEGO. I have to admit using LEGO was a BIG hit. Now the boys are bigger they are using more ingredients to get bigger reactions and, as you can see in this photo, they loved not only launching their rockets but blowing their launch pads to smithereens!

Bottle Rockets are a simple and fun summer STEM activity with chemistry, engineering, math and physics. The Best Backyard STEM Project!

Building the launchpad works on both math skills (measurements and fitting a round thing in a square hole), and engineering (stability and strength in the construction are key).

Building the Rocket

To do this you will need the following supplies:

An empty, rinsed pop bottle (I believe my American friends call it soda!) Baking Soda (aka sodium bicarbonate) Vinegar Paper towel A cork (or substitute something like a pool noodle piece, a cork will give more power to your launch!) Your newly constructed launchpad A nice big open space

Preparing for Launch

You will want to do this in a fairly open area. Our rockets hit anywhere from 30 to 50 feet in height (as a rough estimate based on the height of our house), and the wind can pick it up and cause it to fly pretty far sideways too.

Take a clean bottle. Feel free to decorate it and make it really look like a rocket.

Set your launchpad in a nice big open area, on nice solid ground.

Fuel Up The Rocket

Place approximately 1 – 2 cups of vinegar in the bottle.

Take a piece of paper towel and cut it to about 4 inches square.

Place about a tablespoon (we used a HEAPING tablespoon… my teens love a BIG blast off!) of baking soda in the centre of the paper towel. Fold up the paper towel so the baking soda is wrapped up inside and it fits snugly inside the mouth of the bottle.

Insert a wine cork into the mouth of the pop bottle, make sure it is in there tightly.

3… 2… 1… BLAST OFF!

You need to move quickly for this next part. Flip the bottle over, place it in the launchpad and move back quickly!

Bottle Rockets - Chemistry and Engineering for the win!

The Science of Bottle Rockets

This is an incredible STEM activity but can easily be turned into a STEAM activity.

With this Bottle Rocket project we learned about:

Engineering, measurements (math) and some physics to create a base that is functional, strong and stable.
Chemical reactions with our all time favourite reaction: baking soda and vinegar (base and acid). We learned about how this particular chemical reaction has one important product: Carbon Dioxide Gas.
Then we learned about physics and how when you trap that gas from the chemical reaction pressure builds up and when finally released it has enough force to cause thrust, therefore launching our rocket “into the clouds!”

More on the chemical reaction

This activity explores the popular baking soda and vinegar reaction , which is a simple acid-base chemical reaction. Vinegar or Acetic Acid has the chemical formula CH 3 COOH . Baking soda is a base also known as Sodium Bicarbonate and has the chemical formula ‎NaHCO 3 . During this reaction the products are sodium acetate ( C 2 H 3 NaO 2 ). Sodium acetate is made of 1 sodium ion, 2 carbon atoms, 3 hydrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms. The other products are water ( H 2 O) and carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ). Carbon dioxide is the gas that causes the bubbling during the reaction.

Here is the chemical formula of this reaction

C 2 H 4 O 2 + NaHCO 3 -> NaC 2 H 3 O 2 + H 2 O + CO 2 vinegar + sodium bicarbonate -> sodium acetate + water + carbon dioxide

After you are done setting off your rockets, make sure you rinse everything with lots of water. As we learned in the science, vinegar is an acid. So any vinegar that is not neutralized by the reaction with the sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) needs to be diluted so it doesn’t damage anything. Lawns in particular can be damaged by acid.

Do this for everything that came in contact with the vinegar. Including all your Lego or Tinker Toys (or whatever you used to engineer your base), plus the area where you set off your reaction.

Safety Note:

My teens are old enough to do this project by themselves, but it is important that there is always adult supervision.

With younger kids I highly recommend they watch and cheer for this project from a safe distance while an adult loads and launches the rockets.

We were often sprayed with vinegar, so ensure all appropriate safety gear and clothing is worn to protect you from any spray.

Don’t ever get too close to an armed bottle rocket. Arm it, place it immediately into the launchpad and move away quickly!

Most of all, have fun learning about science in your backyard this summer!

More STEM Projects and Resources

5 Days of Smart STEM Ideas for Kids

Get started in STEM with easy, engaging activities.

Alka-Seltzer Rockets

Film Canister Rockets are a favorite experiment at Imagination Station.

One of the best things about this activity is that you can do it at home and you can design some pretty sophisticated experiments around it. We start with the materials and how to make them fly, then we go on to explore the science behind Film Canister Rockets and finally we link it to how real rockets work.

Here's what you need:

Paper or index cards

Film canister (Fuji film canisters work the best, see picture)

Paper Towels

Effervescing antacid tablet (Alka-Seltzer)

Watch or timer

What to do:

Wrap and tape a tube of paper around the film canister. Invert the canister so that the lid lies flat on the table.

Cut fins from the index cards and tape them to the rocket.

Make a nose by cutting a circle out of paper. Cut out a pie shape from the circle and twist the paper into a cone. Tape the cone together then tape it on the open end of the paper tube.

Turn the rocket upside down and fill the canister 1/3 full with water.

Drop in a 1/2 tablet of Alka-Seltzer and snap the lid on tight.

Quickly stand the rocket upright (lid on the table) and stand back! CAUTION: Be careful when launching your rocket. Stand back and don’t point it at anyone.

Make sure you time how long it takes for your rocket to return to earth! This can help you a lot especially if you decide to try an experiment (See the ‘What would happen if’ ideas below).

What’s going on?

As the antacid tablet fizzes, carbon dioxide is released inside the canister. Pressure from the gas builds and eventually pops the lid off. The thrust, or push, of your rocket is related to how much pressure built up inside the canister before the top popped off.

What would happen if…

You change the design of your rocket?

You use more or less fuel (effervescing tablets and water)?

You use hot or cold water?

Remember that when you are conducting experiments you only want to change one thing at a time. Keep everything else the same in order to see how the thing you changed (or the variable) affects the outcome. In this case your rocket going up into the air.

If you try some of these experiments or others with the Film Canister Rocket activity please let us know! Post a comment to our Facebook page about which variable (water temperature, fuel or design) you changed and how it affected your rocket!

What is happening inside that film canister?

First of all, we all know that the most common effervescing tablet used in a film canister rocket is Alka-Seltzer. In fact, the company that makes Alka-Seltzer is so proud of the fact that it can be used in science experiments they have a whole page on their website dedicated to it! Not to rain on the Alka-Seltzer science parade but, just between us, the generic brands also work perfectly well for this activity and it saves some moolah!

When you mix these effervescing tablets with water, a chemical reaction takes place between the citric acid and sodium bicarbonate contained in the tablet and the water. This chemical reaction creates many, many bubbles of carbon dioxide gas. Citric acid is a weak acid and is in the juice of most citrus fruits like lemons or limes. Sodium bicarbonate is, well, basically baking soda. (Has this reminded anyone of another great science experiment that uses a weak acid and baking soda? That’s right, baking soda and vinegar [acetic acid] produce the same reaction when mixed together. Lot of bubbles of carbon dioxide gas!)

You already know what happens when you combine this chemical reaction with a film canister, when it pops, it goes up!

Why does your rocket go up?

It goes up because gas is building and building in the closed film canister and since the lid is the weakest point of the canister, the lid pops off and all that gas comes rushing out of the end of the canister. This action can be explained using Newton’s Laws of Motion , more specifically it is an example of Newton’s Third Law of Motion – “Every action has an equal and opposite reaction”. The gas rushing out of one end of the canister (the action) causes your rocket to move in the opposite direction (the reaction). This is exactly how all rockets work whether you use an effervescing tablet as your fuel or a chemical rocket propellant like they do at NASA.

How do the NASA rockets work?

Quite simply, rockets are how NASA can get all those amazing missions off the ground. These rockets use a pressurized fuel and an oxidizer. The oxidizer is something that allows the fuel to burn without using outside air. (Can you think of a reason why this might be important? Write your answer in the comment box below!) The fuel, in a gaseous state, is pressurized because this forces it out the end of the rocket just like our Film Canister Rocket! However, there are a few more parts to an actual rocket.

The fuel used in the rockets like the ones that help the space shuttles enter space use liquid hydrogen as the fuel and liquid oxygen as the oxidizer. You may be saying to yourself, “I thought they just said that the fuel is in the gaseous state not liquid?”. You are right, the fuel and oxidizer are only in these liquid states when they are in the holding tanks and they can only stay in this liquid state at extremely low temperatures. The fuel and oxidizer are allowed to combine within the combustion chamber and as the burn they turn into a gas (gases take up about 1,000 times more space than a liquid) this causes the intense pressure. It is exactly like our Film Canister Rocket, the carbon dioxide builds up and puts intense pressure on the canister so the lid pops off. In the case of our shuttle rocket the fuel and oxidizer burn, are put under intense pressure and are released not by the popping off of a lid but through a tiny hole on the bottom of the combustion chamber called a nozzle. If you want to watch a mind bending video that is connected to the Film Canister Rocket activity watch Alka-Seltzer added to Spherical Water Drop in Microgravity .

We hope we were able to answer your questions about rockets but if not stop into Imagination Station and we would be happy to talk more about them!

Vinegar and Baking Soda Rocket Science Experiment for Kids

Kids Activities
Science Experiments
Solar System
Kindergarten

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This vinegar and baking soda rocket is an out-of-this-world fun AND educational summer activity for kids ! Preschool, pre-k, kindergarten, first grade, 2nd grade, 3rd grade, 4th grade, 5th grade, and 6th grade students will enjoy making the baking soda rocket . This how to make a bottle rocket project is one of those really cool science projects your kids will remember forever! So grab a couple simple materials you have laying around your house and make these rocket science experiments .

Baking soda and vinegar rocket

We are diving into a solar system unit so we are exploring all things space including rockets for kids ! Preschoolers, kindergartners, grade 1, grade 2, grade 3, grade 4, grade 5, and grade 6 students will love this STEM activity for kids where they will design their own rocket, lego launch pad, and observe a baking soda and vinegar reaction. This homemade rocket is a memorable summer science experiment for kids of all ages. Plus this baking soda and vinegar rocket is a fun solar system project. Let’s get started with this super simple rocket science experiment with a big WOW at the end!

Plus don’t miss our summer activities , free summer word searches , fun ice cream in a bag experiment pdf , free ice cream math worksheets, edible ice cream play doh , silly watermelon slime ,

Rocket experiment

All you need to make this really cool, summer fun idea are a few simple materials you probably already have on hand:

2 liter soda bottle that is both empty and rinced
decorations for rocket – ideas may include construction paper, paint, sharpies, pipe cleaners, googly eyes, circle stickers, bingo markers, etc
buiding toys to build the launch pad such as Lego bricks, tinker toys, blocks, Duplo, etc)
1-2 cups vinegar
paper towel
1-2 Tablespoons Baking Soda
wine cork or similar to quickly cover the opening of soda bottle

Rocket Science experiment

The first part of this rocket project for kids is to decorate your own rocket. Kids will love this artistic part of this STEAM Project for kids! They can use construction paper to give it a quick color boost, paint, sharpies, pipe cleaners, googly eyes, circle stickers, bingo markers, etc. Let their imaginations run wild as they decide how they want their rocket to look. I suggest showing them books, NASA pictures, and videos so they have an idea of what rockets can look like and to give them a little more background for this educational space activity for kids .

how to make a rocket for a science project

Now it’s time to build a launch pad. This is the engineering part of this STEAM challenge for kids! Children can use duplo blocks, lego, lincoln logs, etc. They just need a way to hold the bottle rocket upside down steadily for it to launch.

Rocket Science Project

Next up is preparing the rocket fuel – the science part of the STEAM challenge. You will fuel up the rocket with a very simple solution of 1 – 2 cups of vinegar in the bottle. When the baking soda and vinegar mix they will form a chemical recation that will result in extra carbon dioxide being produced which will push out the cork and force the bottle to go up into the air.

Now take a piece of paper towel and cut it to about 4 inches square. Place about HEAPING tablespoon of baking soda in the centre of the paper towel. Fold up the paper towel so the baking soda is wrapped up inside and it fits snugly inside the mouth of the bottle. Insert a wine cork into the mouth of the pop bottle, make sure it is in there tightly.

Rocket experiment preschool

Now take it outside with open space – Our rockets hit anywhere from 30 to 50 feet in height.

Baking soda rocket

You need to move quickly for this next part. Flip the bottle over, and QUICKLY place it in the launchpad! Hurry back as the countdown begins as soon as the baking soda and vinegar touch.

Easy rocket experiment

With this fun summer science project you will learn about

Engineering, measurements (math) as you
physics to create a base that is functional, strong and stable. Then we learned about physics and how when you trap that gas from the chemical reaction pressure builds up and when finally released it has enough force to cause thrust, therefore launching our rocket “into the clouds!”
Chemical reactions with our all time favorite reaction: baking soda and vinegar (base and acid). We learned about how this particular chemical reaction has one important product: Carbon Dioxide Gas.
Clean Up After you are done setting off your rockets, make sure you rinse everything with lots of water so it doesn’t damage anything. Including all your Lego or Tinker Toys (or whatever you used to engineer your base), plus the area where you set off your reaction.

Vinegar and baking soda rocket

Safety Note: Make sure there is always adult supervision. I highly an adult launch the rocket while younger children cheer for this project from a distance. Remember there is vinegar in the bottle and when it launches the vinegar will spray. So arm your rocket and place it immediately into the launchpad and move away quickly!

solar-system-unit-about-the-sun-for-kids

Solar System Activities for Kids

Looking for more fun, hands on science activities to teach kids about astronomy or to round out your solar system for kids unit. You will love these hands on solar system activities and lessons:

The Sun Activities for Kindergarten – learn about the sun and how the planets orbit around it including a fun planets game for kids!
Moon Activities for Kids & Astronauts Too – make oreo moon phases, DIY telescope, learn about the astronauts who landed on the moon, and more!
Inner Planets for Kids (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) – Use our free planet worksheets and fun hands-on activities like Mercury craters, Venus’ melting rocks, layers of the earth, and Erupting Mars Volcano
Outer Planets for Kids (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) – combination of hands-on solar system projects and solar system printables; gaseous Jupiter, Saturn Rocket, plus cloudy Uranus and Neptune.
Pluto, Asteroid Belt, Comets, and Stars for Kids – make a FUN constellation projector, cold Pluto ice cream project, and grape constellation project
Yarn Solar System Project – fun, unique, and easy solar system model that is cheap and so pretty!
Paint Stick Solar System Project – easy-to-make solar system model for kids that doubles as an activity for learning the names and order of the planets
Pipe Cleaner Constellations – fun hands on pipe cleaner constellations activity for kids
Simple Galaxy Science Experiments
Looking for more fun, engaging, creative, and memorable moon projects for kids? You will love this 50 Moon Activities for Kids & Crafts collection with the best ideas from the whole internet!
TONS of really cool Solar System Project Ideas for kids of all ages

Free Solar System Printables

Plus, don’t forget to add these free solar system worksheets and printables to your lesson plan:

HUGE pack of FREE Solar System Worksheets for elementary age kids
Planet worksheets for kindergarten with solar system themed math and literacy activities for preschoolers, kindergartners, and grade 1 students
Simple Astronaut Coloring Pages
Space Worksheets Preschool
Free Constellation Worksheets
Solar System Coloring Pages to read, learn, and color the solar system
Printable Free Constellations Printable pdf for children to learn about stars and the patterns they make in the night sky
Cootie Catcher Constellation Activities for Kids
Free Constellation Cards
Moon Phases Kindergarten Worksheets – HUGE pack!
Planets Solar System for Kids pdf Book for students to learn about all the planets in our solar system
Moon Phases Printable Mini Book for kids to learn about the phases of the moon

Beth Gorden

Beth Gorden is the creative multi-tasking creator of 123 Homeschool 4 Me. As a busy homeschooling mother of six, she strives to create hands-on learning activities and worksheets that kids will love to make learning FUN! She has created over 1 million pages of printables to help teach kids ABCs, science, English grammar, history, math, and so much more! Beth is also the creator of 2 additional sites with even more educational activities and FREE printables – www.kindergartenworksheetsandgames.com and www.preschoolplayandlearn.com. Beth studied at the University of Northwestern where she got a double major to make her effective at teaching children while making education FUN!

Alka Seltzer Rockets

Simple science and a cool chemical reaction with an easy DIY Alka Seltzer rocket ! Kids and adults will have a blast with this cool kitchen science experiment. A few simple ingredients and you have chemistry in action. We love fun and easy science experiments anyone can try out!

Explore Alka Seltzer Science For Kids

Oh boy! Get ready for some fun with this Alka Seltzer Rocket. EASY setup and simple to do! Your kids will be asking you to repeat it over and over again. I know; mine did!

This Alka Seltzer rocket is super cool science with just a few simple household ingredients. Learn and play at home or in the classroom.

Our science activities have you, the parent or teacher, in mind! Easy to set up, and quick to do, most projects will take only 15 to 30 minutes to complete and are fun! Our supplies lists usually contain only free or cheap materials you can source from home.

Check out all our chemistry experiments and physics experiments !

Grab some Alka Seltzer tablets and film canisters, and follow our step-by-step instructions to make an Alka Seltzer rocket that will blast off!

Also check out how to make a water bottle rocket with baking soda and vinegar!

Introducing Science To Kids

Science learning starts early, and you can be a part of that with setting up science at home with everyday materials. Or you can bring easy science experiments to a group of kids in the classroom!

We find a ton of value in cheap science activities and experiments. All our science experiments use inexpensive, everyday materials you can find at home or source from your local dollar store.

We even have a whole list of kitchen science experiments , using basic supplies you will have in your kitchen.

You can set up your science experiments as an activity focusing on exploration and discovery. Make sure to ask kids questions at each step, discuss what is happening, and discuss the science behind it.

Alternatively, you can introduce the scientific method, get kids to record their observations and make conclusions. Read more about the scientific method for kids to help you get started.

Helpful Science Resources To Get Your Started

Here are a few resources to help you introduce science more effectively to your kiddos or students and feel confident when presenting materials. You’ll find helpful free printables throughout.

Best Science Practices (as it relates to the scientific method)
Science Vocabulary
8 Science Books for Kids
All About Scientists
Science Supplies List
Science Tools for Kids

What Makes Alka Seltzer Rockets Erupt?

This Alka Seltzer experiment is all about the chemical reaction between the tablet and the water. When the chemical reaction occurs, a gas called carbon dioxide is released.

We tried this experiment first without the lid to see what would happen! You can observe the gas from the bubbles formed.

However, with the lid on tight, pressure from the build up of gas occurs and the lid explodes off. This is what sends the canister into the air like a rocket! So much fun!

Click to get your FREE STEM Worksheets pack!

Alka Seltzer Experiment

Don’t have alka seltzer tablets? Check out our baking soda and vinegar bottle rocket !

*Please Note* This is a fully adult supervised science experiment. The Alka Seltzer rocket has a mind of its own. Have your child wear safety goggles at all time.

Older children will be able to assemble the Alka seltzer rocket. Please use your best judgement regarding your child’s ability to handle the materials.

Alka Seltzer tablets
Film canister or similar size container. What we are using is actually from the dollar store and sold in packages of 10. Make a rocket for everyone!

How To Make Alka Selzter Rockets

We tried it a few different ways and re-used the still fizzing tablets as long as we could. Sometime we had a giant explosion that hit the ceiling and sometimes it just popped a little.

Step 1: Fill the canister about 2/3 full with water and then drop in 1/4 of an alka seltzer tablet.

Step 2: Immediately tightly cap the canister. This is crucial to the success and you have to work fast.

Step 3: Turn the container upside down and place on a flat surface.

Tip: Take this experiment outdoors for easier clean up unless you have open space and don’t mind the water! See more Outdoor STEM activities!

Step 4: Stand back with protective eye wear on!

Your Alka Seltzer rocket may blast off immediately or there may be a delayed reaction. Make sure to wait long enough before going over to the canister if it hasn’t taken off yet. Give it a nudge with your foot first.

Ultimately, it would go off every time just when I was sure it would not! If the container has to much water in it, the blast off wasn’t as big. Experiment with different amounts of water to tablet!

What does an eruption look like from an Alka Seltzer rocket?

Capturing an Alka Seltzer rocket on camera is not easy since I was the only adult. I often didn’t have enough time to pick up my camera and get ready.

However, I can tell you that the laughter, pointing, and jumping up and down from my son is proof enough. You may even go through a whole package.

Alka Seltzer Rocket Film Canister Rocket Blast Off Eruption Chemistry

More Fun Experiments To Try

Science experiments with ordinary items are the best! You don’t need fancy science kits when you have cupboards full of great stuff to use!

Volcano Eruption
Dancing Corn
Elephant Toothpaste
Lava Lamp Experiment
Gummy Bear Osmosis Lab
Diet Coke and Mentos Experiment

Printable Science Projects For Kids

If you’re looking to grab all of the printable science projects in one convenient place plus exclusive worksheets, our Science Project Pack is what you need!

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Science Fair Project: Alka-Seltzer Rocket Showdown

It was a warm, sunny afternoon, when they crept inside… Mom! We’re boooored! I wanted to avoid the iPods or Netflix, so I scraped together supplies to make homemade baking soda/vinegar rockets to shoot off in the backyard. Holy cow! Lots of rocket FAILS that day! I may still stink like vinegar… After working through different materials, we came up with our favorite combination and the kids learned more about acid/base reactions. In this post, we walk through how our kids learned how to build an Alka-Seltzer rocket. What’s also great about this project is that it can be easily turned into a science fair project… let’s SCIENCE!!

SHORT VERSION OF THE EXPERIMENT (tl;dr) : your kiddos will learn how to make a rocket using an empty 35mm film canister “powered” by Alka-Seltzer and water. Not a rocket scientist? NO PROBLEM! You can pull this off with most of the items already in your house, a trip to the dollar store, or of course, Amazon. The experiment is probably best suited for 3rd graders and up, and beyond the basics of experimental design, they will learn about chemistry (acid/base reactions), physics (propulsion, motion), and the scientific method. Basic data analysis (counting, comparing) can be used and if you snap some pictures along the way, during the construction and “launch”, setting up a science fair project board can be done in super easy fashion (like a single day)!

Edit: We recently learned a team at the University of Minnesota broke a Guinness World Record by blasting an Alka-Seltzer powered rocket 430 feet high!!! Whoa!!

Science fair project overview: what we’ll do

Build an alka-seltzer rocket.

Hey STEMium readers! In this project, you’ll be comparing different “rocket fuel” combinations for our homemade rockets to see which one flies the highest. You will construct your rocket out of an empty 35mm film canister, paper/cardboard and other accessories as needed (who DOESN’T want a glitter fin??). Then, you’ll use different ratios of our “rocket fuel” mix: Alka-Seltzer in water. Some rockets will get a lot of Alka-Seltzer. Others will only get a little Alka-Seltzer, so we can see if more means a bigger liftoff. Get ready to get messy as this one may leave some spills. If you’re going to do it indoors ( not recommended ), you’ll need a tarp, really high ceilings (like in a gym) and possibly a mop/cleanup crew.

Who can do this project? Age range: 3rd Grade and up

We first did this experiment with a 2 nd grader, a kindergartner, and a preschooler. Later, we turned it into one experiment center at a science night out for 3rd-6th graders. Looking at all the grade settings, I think the concepts were a bit more challenging to convey to the younger groups (although they definitely enjoy the launches!). It would probably be better suited for older kids – 3 rd grade and beyond. Younger kids can still participate and help design/build the rockets.

The Science Behind The Alka-Seltzer Rocket

Before we delve into the details of the experiment, let’s talk more about how we’ll get our rocket to blast off. There is so much science goodness packed into these experiments it’s hard not to get too excited!!

The chemistry of alka-seltzer

We will be taking advantage of ACID/BASE reactions. Specifically, our rocket fuel of choice will be a combination of Alka-Seltzer and water. While we’ve experimented extensively with baking soda and vinegar, the bottles and general setup is a little more hit or miss (and waaaaay messier). I’ll put some links in the appendix if you’d like to try to compare “rocket fuels”, but for now we will stick with building an Alka-Seltzer rocket.

A chemical reaction is occurring whether you use baking soda/vinegar or Alka-Seltzer/water — an acid and base reaction, to be exact. There’s some great background info from Khan Academy on acids/bases for more info, but the simplest explanation is that ACIDS are materials that have a lot of hydrogen ions (H+)… When an acid is combined with a BASE (a substance with a lot of hydroxide ions, OH-), we call this an acid/base reaction and the end result is usually the generation of a salt and water (and especially important in our case — carbon dioxide gas!).

Mixing acids and bases – how does alka-seltzer work?

As you can see from this picture, when you open the Alka-Seltzer package, it looks like a simple tablet. Digging deeper, Alka-Seltzer is a combo product, meaning it contains both an ACID (anhydrous citric acid) and a BASE (sodium bicarbonate). The “anhydrous” part means that it has no water…hence, why it’s individually packaged to keep moisture out. When you drop the tablet into a glass of water, the acid/base reaction can begin as the two reagents (citric acid and sodium bicarbonate) come together. The picture below shows what’s going on in the chemical reaction… by combining this acid and base, we create water, a salt (sodium citrate) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ).

Alka-Seltzer rocket - chemical reactions

How Does The Rocket Take Off?

Back in 1686, Sir Isaac Newton formalized the key laws of motion… Newton’s third law is directly evaluated in our Alka-Seltzer rocket experiment:

<<For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction>>

Check out this video below from Khan Academy for a good breakdown on Newton’s laws:

At this point you might be asking: What does this mean and what does it have to do with bottle rockets?? Well, when the CO 2 pushes out of the rocket, the rocket pushes away from the gas. Gravity is another force pulling the rocket, keeping it on the Earth, but when the force of the gas pushing the rocket becomes greater than gravity, the rocket lifts off.

Also keep in mind: SAFETY FIRST ! These are not space shuttle-like explosions, but there will be liquid spilling out quickly and broadly. Assuming things are assembled properly, your rocket will blast off. Wear eye protection if appropriate and do NOT aim the rocket at anyone or anything.

Materials – what you’ll need:

Alka-Seltzer tablets – pop, pop, fizz, fizz . You are looking for the original effervescent tablets that fizz when dropped in water. Not the chews. Not the flavored kind. You can try this link here . We did not try Alka Seltzer Gold in our rockets, which contains two antacids (sodium citrate, potassium citrate) instead of just the one; however, I think it would most likely work the same. Store brand product would also likely work out well. Ideally, you want fresh material versus something that’s been sitting in a medicine cabinet for the last few decades.
Water . Just plain old water. If you’ve got a tap (or bubbler as the fine folks of Milwaukee call it) then you are all set.
Film canisters with lids – if you have some laying around the house, feel free to use any container that has a lid which will snap shut. If you’re like us though and haven’t used any film in the past decade, then cruise on over to Amazon. We found this 12-pack of containers which should do the trick. The seal that the lid makes with the container is important for the pressure to build up in the canister…so if you see people mentioning a flimsy lid, or poor seal in the reviews on Amazon, AVOID it and make a different selection.
Construction paper/thin cardboard/index cards, scissors, markers/crayons, tape. The art supplies will be used to create the cone and fins on the rocket. Get creative… if there are other lightweight materials that the kids are interested in adding (e.g. maybe glitter? Tinfoil?) go for it.
Paper towel . Not necessary for the experiment but should make clean up a lot easier.
Plastic drinking straws (optional) . We added these to our Alka-Seltzer rocket to work as a tripod landing gear — basically, the rocket stood on these three legs like a stool. It just kept the bottom of the rocket (“top of the film canister”) off the ground at launch. You can also use cardboard triangle cutouts to make fins.

Designing the Experiment: Picking a Hypothesis

Like our other experiments, it all starts with selecting a hypothesis…. Remember, we will vary the amount of Alka Seltzer used in our rockets and compare which one blasts off the most. What do we think will happen ?

Experimental Controls

This is a bit more challenging than our “ Germiest Spot in School ” experiment. In that one, we had negative controls (bacterial plates with NO growth) and positive controls (bacterial plates with COMPLETE growth). For our rocket experiment, one negative control might be a rocket with only water (but it’s kind of a bummer because it’s something that won’t fly). Positive controls are a little trickier to come by though.

CHECKPOINT : At this point, you should have a hypothesis about which rocket will fly higher, and why. You may also have a few other variables you are testing… here’s what we wrote down:

Hypothesis : the Alka-Seltzer rocket with a full tablet will fly further than the baking soda rocket
Variable – Alka Seltzer : we made one rocket with a ¼ of a tablet, one rocket with a ½ of a tablet, one rocket with one full tablet, and one rocket with a tablet all ground up.
Controls : you can do a negative one if you’d like.

Here’s our grid:

Rocket #	Amount of Water	Amount of Alka Seltzer tablets
1	half full	1/4 tablet
2	half full	1/2 tablet
3	half full	1 tablet
4	half full	1 tablet (crushed)

Methods/Procedure – How we’re going to complete our rocket build:

The steps listed below are how we completed our rocket project as an experiment; but please note, we did not enter this one as a science fair project. You should be able to do this one as either approach — if you will be turning it into a science fair project, make sure you taking good notes and pictures to document everything. In terms of how long it will take you, there’s about 15-30 minutes of setup/prep time (this is mostly designing the rocket — the creative part of the project), about 30 minutes for setting up reactions and launching rockets, and about 30 minutes to compare launches and analyze the data. Assuming you have all the materials you need, you could get this one done in a single afternoon.

Time to build: Alka-Seltzer rocket…

Creative time! Decorate the rocket . The opening of the film canister will serve as the bottom, so it will be firing with the lid end on the ground and the bottom end on top. Cut enough construction paper to wrap around the film canister and decorate however you’d like. Use the tape to stick onto the container. Also create a rocket nose cone out of paper and tape to the “top” of the rocket (“bottom of the film container”). If you’d like to create fins, you can also add those on. You can also now fix on your rocket “legs” with the straws by taping three to the sides. Make sure the rocket can stand upright and doesn’t tip over.
Launch prep . Turn the rocket upside down to load the water in the container… fill it ~1/4 to ½ of the way full. Make sure to note HOW MUCH water you added, so you have your combinations ready to test (look back at your chart if you need to keep track).
LAUNCH ***need to move quickly here!*** . Break an Alka Seltzer tablet in half (or fourths or leave whole, depending on which tube you are loading) and add the tablet in the container with the water. QUICKLY! CLOSE THE CONTAINER – make sure to snap the lid on completely. Set the rocket on the ground upright (lid side down at the ground). Stand back and count down the launch.
BOOM! Use a landmark or object to gauge how high the rocket made it. Mark it down in a notebook or sheet of paper. Also note how much “rocket fuel” was used – was it half a tablet and half full with water?

Data Analysis – What does the data tell us?

Congratulations! You’ve officially built and launched rockets!

Hopefully, you’re not completely covered in a mess at this point and you have had some successful launches! Which rocket flew the farthest? Were any duds? Was your original hypothesis correct? How about testing the different variables – did adding more Alka-Seltzer to the rocket create a more powerful rocket? If you did multiple rockets of the same kind (“replicates”), did they all fly the same or did some work better than others?

Your data analysis table might look something like this:

Conclusions – what we learned from the Alka-Seltzer rocket experiment; did it work?

Hopefully, the kiddos have a good idea about which rocket worked better or best. Hopefully, they also have a general understanding of what happens when you combine an acid and a base. Most importantly, hopefully they had fun!!

Other things we’ve tried

After some fine tuning, we originally incorporated Alka-Seltzer rockets at a STEM outing and based it off of the Alka Seltzer science experiments site . Overall, our rockets blasted off pretty easily with the majority successfully reaching some pretty good heights.

Now, separately, we have also tried the baking soda/vinegar rockets at home one summer day, but after getting drenched in about a gallon of vinegar we eventually abandoned our efforts that were based on this posting that we found using empty water bottles and a soda bottle . While we had plenty of bottles, and we were even able to make the baking soda packets pretty easily, we struggled with corks that could fit tightly enough in the bottles. The result: tons of messy spills and leaks. No takeoffs and bored kiddos.

While the baking soda/vinegar rockets will likely give you a bigger “boom”, they’re definitely more challenging to set up… from the starter perspective, if this is your first time, I’d opt for the Alka Seltzer/water setup in the film canisters to save your sanity. Hands down – the Alka-Seltzer rocket strategy was far easier to maneuver and to keep the kids engaged.

Our results

As you can see from some of the pictures here, our Alka-Seltzer rocket with the most tablets flew the farthest. As we increased the amount of Alka Seltzer in the container, we definitely noticed a stronger reaction taking place. Interestingly, we couldn’t get much of a pop with the ground up tablet rocket.

Next steps – what are some follow up experiments?

There are a TON of different variables you can experiment with in the Alka-Seltzer rocket projects, which makes it fantastic to use for a science fair project. Here are a few concepts/variables to further explore:

Different solutions (besides water). What if you dissolved the Alka-Seltzer tablets in something besides water? How would the reaction proceed if it were an acidic solution like orange juice? Vinegar?
Different temperatures. What if you added ice, cold water to the container? Would it change the intensity of the blastoff? What about hot water?
NASA – parts of a rocket
https://media.nationalgeographic.org/assets/file/Seltzer_Rocket_Lab_Activity.pdf
Check out the original Alka-Seltzer site to get great ideas and pics for not only the Alka-Seltzer rocket, but other Alka-Seltzer-based experiments: https://www.alkaseltzer.com/science-experiments/

Hands-on Activity Pop Rockets

Grade Level: 3 (3-5)

Time Required: 45 minutes

Expendable Cost/Group: US $0.50

Group Size: 3

Activity Dependency: None

Subject Areas: Earth and Space, Physical Science, Science and Technology

NGSS Performance Expectations:

Curriculum in this Unit Units serve as guides to a particular content or subject area. Nested under units are lessons (in purple) and hands-on activities (in blue). Note that not all lessons and activities will exist under a unit, and instead may exist as "standalone" curriculum.

I'm Not in Range: Acting Out Cellular Phone Service
Newton Rocket Car
Strawkets and Thrust
Strawkets and Weight
Strawkets and Control
Fuel Mystery Dis-Solved!
Aqua-Thrusters!
Constraints: Pop Rockets on a Shoestring Budget
Rocket Power
Our Sun and Heat Transfer Basics: Heat It Up!
Cooking with the Sun: Comparing Yummy Solar Cooker Designs
Spacecraft Design: Beat the Heat!
Designing Ways to Get and Clean Water
The Great Gravity Escape
Lunar Lollipops: Reproducing the Moon Phases
Edible Rovers
Are We Alone?
A Roundabout Way to Mars
Slingshot to the Outer Planets
Muscles, Muscles Everywhere
Design Devices to Help Astronauts Eat: Lunch in Outer Space!
The North (Wall) Star
Building a Fancy Spectrograph

Unit

Lesson

Activity

TE Newsletter

Engineering connection, learning objectives, materials list, worksheets and attachments, more curriculum like this, introduction/motivation, troubleshooting tips, activity extensions, activity scaling, user comments & tips.

Engineering… because your dreams need doing

Engineers design scale models of projects to learn and experiment with how they perform. When designing rockets, engineers develop small prototypes to test fuel properties. Does the fuel burn too high? Does the fuel create enough thrust? Rocket and engine prototypes help engineers discover the balance between weight and thrust that is necessary for space flight.

After this activity, students should be able to:

Explain that energy needed for a rocket launch is related to the size of the rocket.
Collect and analyze data on model rocket launch height, comparing to size or weight of the rocket.
Describe what factors an engineer must consider when designing a rocket.

Educational Standards Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science, technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards. All 100,000+ K-12 STEM standards covered in TeachEngineering are collected, maintained and packaged by the Achievement Standards Network (ASN) , a project of D2L (www.achievementstandards.org). In the ASN, standards are hierarchically structured: first by source; e.g. , by state; within source by type; e.g. , science or mathematics; within type by subtype, then by grade, etc .

Ngss: next generation science standards - science.

NGSS Performance Expectation
3-PS2-2. Make observations and/or measurements of an object's motion to provide evidence that a pattern can be used to predict future motion. (Grade 3) Do you agree with this alignment? Thanks for your feedback!


This activity focuses on the following aspects of NGSS:
Science & Engineering Practices	Disciplinary Core Ideas	Crosscutting Concepts
Make observations and/or measurements to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence for an explanation of a phenomenon or test a design solution. Alignment agreement: Thanks for your feedback! Science findings are based on recognizing patterns. Alignment agreement: Thanks for your feedback!	The patterns of an object's motion in various situations can be observed and measured; when that past motion exhibits a regular pattern, future motion can be predicted from it. (Boundary: Technical terms, such as magnitude, velocity, momentum, and vector quantity, are not introduced at this level, but the concept that some quantities need both size and direction to be described is developed.) Alignment agreement: Thanks for your feedback!	Patterns of change can be used to make predictions. Alignment agreement: Thanks for your feedback!

NGSS Performance Expectation
4-PS3-4. Apply scientific ideas to design, test, and refine a device that converts energy from one form to another. (Grade 4) Do you agree with this alignment? Thanks for your feedback!


This activity focuses on the following aspects of NGSS:
Science & Engineering Practices	Disciplinary Core Ideas	Crosscutting Concepts
Apply scientific ideas to solve design problems. Alignment agreement: Thanks for your feedback!	The expression "produce energy" typically refers to the conversion of stored energy into a desired form for practical use. Alignment agreement: Thanks for your feedback! Possible solutions to a problem are limited by available materials and resources (constraints). The success of a designed solution is determined by considering the desired features of a solution (criteria). Different proposals for solutions can be compared on the basis of how well each one meets the specified criteria for success or how well each takes the constraints into account. Alignment agreement: Thanks for your feedback!	Energy can be transferred in various ways and between objects. Alignment agreement: Thanks for your feedback! Engineers improve existing technologies or develop new ones. Alignment agreement: Thanks for your feedback! Science affects everyday life. Alignment agreement: Thanks for your feedback!

Common Core State Standards - Math

View aligned curriculum

Do you agree with this alignment? Thanks for your feedback!

International Technology and Engineering Educators Association - Technology

State standards, colorado - math, colorado - science.

Each student needs:

1 35-mm film canister with an internal snapping lid ( available online ) or 1 mini plastic food container with a snap on lid ( available online )
one-half of an antacid tablet, such as Alka-Seltzer® brand
1 sheet of paper
cellophane tape
markers or crayons
Pop Goes the Rocket Quiz
Rocket Build Instructions
Rocket Size/Height Worksheet (or Rocket Weight/Height Worksheet )

For the entire class to share

access to a sink, to obtain and dispose of tap water
tape or chalk, to mark off the launch area
safety glasses/goggles, enough pairs for the largest group and instructor
paper towels, for clean-up
(if launching inside) pitcher, from which to launch the rockets

Note: For this activity, a film canister with an internal-sealing lid must be used, not one with a lid that snaps over the outside of the rim. These are usually translucent white plastic canisters, not the black plastic ones. Sometimes these film canisters can be obtained for no cost from camera shops and film processing stores (such as grocery stores, Target, Wal-mart, Costco, etc.) where they recycle the canisters and donate them for educational use. You may have to make several trips to obtain enough canisters. Alternatively, purchase the film canisters ($16 for 30 canisters) at https://www.amazon.com/Microlab-Scientific-FCFR-224-Film-Canisters/dp/B00IMUBZFY . Or, instead of film canisters, use mini plastic food storage containers, as long as they have snap-on lids (not twist on), so they work just like the film canister lid; use containers that are small enough so that they are similar in size/volume as the film canisters (1.25-in x 2-in high; 30-mm diameter x 50-mm high). As another idea, use a cork in a bottle, building the rocket on the cork, although this increases the scale of the experiment a bit. The latter two options require some advance experimentation to verify/test/adjust the amount of fuel/antacid that works safely.

Rockets are incredible machines that are designed by engineers and used to explore space. Have you ever seen a rocket or a photograph of one? How do engineers get these heavy vehicles into space? Something very strong is needed to push the rocket upward into the atmosphere and into space. A rocket needs a lot of energy to move.

Let's think about energy. How do we have energy to move our bodies when we get out of bed in the morning or when we walk to school? We get our energy from food; essentially, food is fuel. Well, rockets use propellant, which is a mixture of fuel and an oxidizer to burn the fuel. Large rockets use a lot of propellant in order to create enough energy to reach space. What if we made a model rocket that was very light? Would we need as much energy as a regular rocket? No, probably not.

Antacid tablets have stored chemical energy in them, and this energy can be released when mixed with water. Although it is not much energy, it is enough to launch a small rocket made out of a film canister and paper. And, for our purposes, this particular chemical energy is also a lot safer than burning real fuel.

Engineers build and test rockt models, which they call prototypes , before building the real thing. Doing this helps them in creating the best designs. When designing Tess' rocket, her engineering team must consider many things, such as the weight, cost, thrust and stability of the rocket. We can use small model rockets to test the performance before Tess spends a lot of time building an expensive full-size rocket. By testing small-scale models, engineers make sure rockets will work, without wasting time and money on testing full-size huge rockets. With a scale model, they can test the thrust and stability and make modifications in order to design the best rocket they can. This is what we are going to do today—design model rockets and find out if we can propel them high into the air using simple chemical energy created from Alka-Seltzer® tablets and water.

Before the Activity

Gather materials and make copies of the Pop Goes the Rocket Quiz , Rocket Build Instructions , and Rocket Size/Height Worksheet (or Rocket Weight/Height Worksheet ; refer to the Activity Scaling section).
Find an inside or outside wall suitable for students to launch next to, and use tape or chalk to mark off 10 feet at 1-foot intervals.
Remove antacid tablets from packaging and break them into halves. A half-tablet is sufficient to pop off a film canister lid; too much antacid makes the lid pop off sooner, which is not desirable for this activity.

With the Students

Divide the class into groups of three or four students each. Give each student a film canister and sheet of paper. Hand out the various attachments, as needed, throughout the activity. (Note: Give out the antacid tablets only as needed so that you know that all tablets are accounted for and used only in the experiment.)
Direct students to use scissors and tape to follow the instructions to build a rocket. Encourage groups to experiment with different sizes. Tips: Make sure students put the lids of their canisters at the bottom of the rocket (that is, so the canister is inverted.) Also, make sure the canister lid sticks out from the paper a little so that the paper surrounding the rocket does not interfere with the lid snapping on or popping off.
Have students put their names and any designs on the rocket paper surface.
One group at a time, have students move to the launch area to prepare to launch. Note: Require students to wear safety glasses/goggles during their launches and put them on BEFORE the launch begins . Have all other students watch from a safe distance away from the launch area, ready to record the results on their worksheets.
To launch, have a student hold his/her rocket upside down, and carefully fill the canister 1/3 full of water.

NOTE: The next steps must be done quickly:

One at a time , have a student drop the half-tablet of antacid into his/her film canister.
Quickly, snap the lid on tightly.
Very quickly, turn the rocket upright (which means that the film canister lid is down) into the empty pitcher or onto the flat launch site and stand back!

Expect the rocket to pop within 1-5 seconds.

Ask students to note the maximum height reached by the rockets and have them record this information on their worksheets.
Give the popped lid back to the student launcher and repeat steps 6-9 for each student in each group.

Pre-Activity Assessment

Concept Inventory: Have students attempt the Pop Goes the Rocket Quiz . Have students answer the first two quiz questions and then it put aside to complete after the activity.

Activity Embedded Assessment

Data Recording: As directed in the Procedure section, have students decide if the rocket is small (S), medium (M) or large (L) before it is launched. Then, after each rocket is launched, have students measure the maximum height reached by the rocket and record it on the appropriate box in their Rocket Size/Height Worksheets . Discuss any patterns in rocket size or weight versus launch height.

Post-Activity Assessment

Pairs Check/Concept Inventory Continued: Have students complete question 3 of the Pop Goes the Rocket Quiz (begun during pre-assessment). After students finish working individually on the quiz, have them compare answers with a peer, giving all students time to finish. Finally, go over the answers as a class.

Survey: Ask the following questions (verbal or written) to survey students about the activity. Have students use what they observed in the activity to help answer the questions.

What makes one rocket perform better than another? (Answer: Many factors such as weight, drag, thrust [rate of gas build up], canister symmetry, canister seal tightness, and wind can affect rocket performance.)
What is creating the thrust in our pop-rockets? (Answer: The high pressure built up from the chemical reaction of the antacid tablet and water in the canister forces the cap off and downward as the rocket moves upward—an illustration of Newton's third law of motion.)
If students previously performed a strawket activity from Lesson 2 of this unit, ask them to compare how these rockets are more "rocket-like" than those launched by a straw? (Answer: Like real rockets, these pop rockets carry their own fuel.)
How are pop rockets related to real rockets? (Answer: Real rockets behave according to Newton's laws of motion just like pop rockets do. Also, solid propellant rockets have a similar process by releasing energy through a chemical reaction to generate thrust.)
Use your observations and/or measurements of the motion of the pop rockets to provide evidence that a pattern can be used to predict future motion.

Sales Pitch! Have students pretend to be inventors selling their rockets to a manufacturers or consumers. Have student teams create persuasive posters or flyers, as well as 10-minute sales pitches of their rocket designs for presentation at the next class. Have them include in their advertising a description of where the energy comes from to launch the rocket.

Safety Issues

Make sure students wear safety glasses/goggles while they are launching their rockets.
Make sure that students who are not launching stay a safe distance away from the launch area.
Remind students not to put the antacid tablets in their mouths; if a student eats an entire tablet s/he could become sick.
Hand out the antacid tablets only at launch time; do not give each group a "supply" in advance.

Common student problems when building rockets:

Forgetting to tape the film canister to the rocket body.
Failing to mount the canister with the lid end down.
Not extending the canister far enough from the paper tube to make snapping on the lid easy.

It may be easier for students to build the rockets and have the teacher launch them since the chemical reaction of the antacid and water sometimes happens too fast for small hands.

Warn students to stand back when the rockets are launching, so that they do not get hit with flying canister parts.

Have students experiment with different amounts of water and tablet sizes. Make sure students wear safety glasses/goggles when launching their rockets.

Have students launch for distance instead of height. Have them measure the launch angle and record data for multiple angles.

For kindergarten and first-grade students, conduct the activity as a demonstration instead of having students individually make their own rockets. Prior to class, make several different-sized rockets with no fins and then have students each color a fin to put on the rockets. Have students count the number of fins on each rocket. Have students count out loud to see how long it takes each rocket to "pop." Instead of using the Pop Goes the Rocket Quiz as an assessment, ask students what geometric shapes they see in the pop rockets. Then, ask for a choral response to these basic questions:

Why does the rocket come back down when shot up? (Answer: Gravity)
Where is the energy coming from to power the rocket? (Answer: The antacid table and water reaction.)

For second-grade students, build the rockets as indicated, but help them with the launching procedure, as necessary.

For fourth- and fifth-grade students, also have them measure the mass of their rockets on a scale before launching them. Then, have them calculate the rocket weights using the equation: weight = mass × (acceleration due to gravity). Provide students with the Rocket Weight/Height Worksheet to record their data, instead of the Rocket Size/Height Worksheet.

Students learn how rocket thrust is generated with propellant. The two types of propellants are discussed—liquid and solid—and their relation to their use on rockets is investigated. Students learn why engineers need to know the different properties of propellants.

preview of 'Blast Off: Generating Rocket Thrust with Propellants' Lesson

Your students have been hired to build a pop rocket, but on a tight budget. Engineering design usually has some constraints and you won’t always have access to the materials you think you might need. But through brainstorming and trial and error, a viable rocket launch is definitely possible!

preview of 'Constraints: Pop Rockets on a Shoestring Budget' Activity

Through the continuing storyline of the Rockets unit, this lesson looks more closely at Spaceman Rohan, Spacewoman Tess, their daughter Maya, and their challenges with getting to space, setting up satellites, and exploring uncharted waters via a canoe. Students are introduced to the ideas of thrust,...

preview of 'Using Thrust, Weight & Control: Rocket Me into Space' Lesson

While building and testing model rockets fueled by antacid tablets, students are introduced to the basic physics concepts on how rockets work. Students revise and improve their initial designs.

Fisher, Diane. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Space Place , "Build a Bubble-Powered Rocket," September 8, 2005. http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/pop-rocket/

The Society for International Space Cooperation. Space Xpress, International Space Station Curriculum and Activities , "Film Canister Rockets." http://www.spacesociety.org/spaceexpress/Curriculum/film_canisters.html

Contributors

Supporting program, acknowledgements.

The contents of this digital library curriculum were developed under grants from the Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE), U.S. Department of Education and National Science Foundation (GK-12 grant no. 0338326). However, these contents do not necessarily represent the policies of the Department of Education or National Science Foundation, and you should not assume endorsement by the federal government.

Last modified: September 6, 2022

The Antacid Rocket Experiment

a.k.a Film Canister Rockets

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If your child has tried the Naked Egg Experiment, he has seen how the chemical reaction between calcium carbonate and vinegar can remove an eggshell. If he’s tried The Exploding Sandwich Bag Experiment, then he knows a little bit about acid-base reactions.

Now he can harness that reaction create a flying object in this Antacid Rocket Experiment. With some open space outdoors and a little caution your child can send a homemade rocket into the air by the power of a fizzy reaction.

Note: The Antacid Rocket Experiment used to be called the Film Canister Rockets, but with digital cameras taking over the market, it’s become harder and harder to find empty film canisters. If you can film canisters, that’s great, but this experiment recommends you use mini M&M tubular containers or clean, empty glue stick containers instead.

What Your Child Will Learn (or Practice):

Scientific inquiry
Observing chemical reactions
The Scientific Method

Materials Needed:

Mini M&Ms tube, a clean used-up glue stick container or a film canister
Heavy paper/card stock
Baking soda
Antacid tablets (Alka-Seltzer or a generic brand)
Soda (optional)

Tissues are not a necessity for this experiment, but using tissue can help to delay the chemical reaction long enough to give your child some time to get out of the way.

Make Baking Soda and Vinegar Rockets

Have your child sketch out and decorate a small rocket on a piece of heavy paper. Ask her to cut out the rocket and set it to the side.
Help your child cut the “hinge” holding the cover to the M&Ms tube so it comes on and off. This will be the bottom of the rocket.
Give her another piece of heavy paper and have her roll it around the tube, making sure the bottom of the rocket is easily accessible. Then, have her tape it tightly in place. (She may need to cut the paper to make it fit better).
Glue the rocket she drew and cut out to the front of the tube to make the whole thing look more like a real rocket.
Move outside to a clear, open area and open the container
Fill it one-quarter full with vinegar.
Wrap 1 teaspoon of baking soda in small piece of tissue.
Warning: You must act quickly in this step! Stuff the folded tissue in the tube, snap it shut and stand it up (with the lid down) on the ground. Move away!
Watch the rocket pop right up into the air after the tissue dissolves in the vinegar.

Make an Antacid Rocket

Use the same rocket from the baking soda and vinegar experiment, making sure to clean it thoroughly first.
Take off the cover and put an antacid tablet into the tube. You may have to break it into pieces to get it all to fit. You can use generic antacid tablets but Alka-Seltzer works better than generic brands.
Add a teaspoon of water to the tube, snap on the cover and put the rocket — lid down — on the ground.
Watch what happens once the water dissolves the antacid tablet.

What’s Going On

Both rockets are working under the same principle. A baking soda and vinegar mixture and the water and antacid combination create an acid-base chemical reaction that releases carbon dioxide gas . The gas fills the tube and the the air pressure builds to a point where it is too great to be contained. That’s when the lid pops off and the rocket flies up into the air.

Extend the Learning

Experiment with different types of paper and how much baking soda and vinegar you use. It may help make the rocket fly higher, faster, or even be coordinated to a countdown.
Ask your child compare how the different rockets worked. Which worked better?
Substitute soda for water in the antacid rocket and see if it works differently.
Bottle Balloon Blow-Up Experiment
Middle School Science Experiments
How to Make Flaming Gel
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Egg in Vinegar: A Dental Health Activity
Melting Ice Science Experiment
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Homemade Iceberg Experiment
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Science Experiments and Activities for Preschoolers
Easy Science Projects

Fizzy bottle rockets

Make self-propelled rockets out of juice bottles, and learn how a chemical reaction which produces gas can be used to propel a rocket.

Make a self-propelled rocket from a juice bottle.

ExpeRiment with the ‘fuel’ for the rocket.

Learn how a chemical reaction which produces gas can be used to propel a rocket.

About this activity

Danielle and Michael make explosive rockets fly with the children at an adventure playground. By putting fizzy headache/vitamin tablets into a bottle with a sports cap, they make incredible bottle missiles. As gas builds up inside the bottle, pressure increases until the lid pops. When this happens, the lid pushes against the ground, pushing the bottle upwards. The liquid firing out of the bottle pushes it further, just like the gases coming out of a real rocket.

You can do this free science activity at home with just some bottles and fizzy headache/vitamin tablets. Experiment with different types of tablets, different bottle shapes, and the temperature of the water.

This activity was filmed at the Waterside Adventure Playground in Islington.

The Royal Institution is closed on Wednesday 4 September

The Ri is closed to visitors on 4 September and will reopen on 5 September.

UF professor becomes first NASA-funded researcher to fly on suborbital rocket

Biologist rob ferl was part of the commercial space crew aboard blue origin's new shepard suborbital rocket system slated for a test flight thursday morning., by nbc6 • published august 28, 2024 • updated on august 29, 2024 at 2:55 pm.

A professor at the University of Florida became the first NASA-funded researcher to fly on a suborbital rocket to conduct an experiment in space.

Biologist Rob Ferl was part of the commercial space crew aboard Blue Origin's New Shepard suborbital rocket system slated for a test flight Thursday morning. He was joined by five other astronauts on the test flight.

📺 24/7 South Florida news stream: Watch NBC6 free wherever you are

Ferl is experimenting how plants grow in zero gravity as well as help develop protocols for future suborbital flights.

“As commercial space programs have advanced and access to space has become more available, I always hoped I might be able to conduct our experiments myself in microgravity,” Ferl said in a news release from the University of Florida. “I feel very grateful for this opportunity. After years, decades even, of working with astronauts to conduct our experiments, it's an honor to be at the forefront of researchers conducting their own experiments in space.”

The Hurricane season is on. Our meteorologists are ready. Sign up for the NBC 6 Weather newsletter to get the latest forecast in your inbox.

The Blue Origin spacecraft launched at 9:07 a.m. Thursday, reaching the edge of space before the capsule safely returned to land about 12 minutes later.

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Published: 02 September 2024

Gold nugget formation from earthquake-induced piezoelectricity in quartz

Christopher R. Voisey ORCID: orcid.org/0009-0009-2693-2301 1 ,
Nicholas J. R. Hunter 1 , 2 ,
Andrew G. Tomkins 1 ,
Joël Brugger ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-1510-5764 1 ,
Weihua Liu ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-2091-7137 3 ,
Yang Liu ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-0750-7571 4 &
Vladimir Luzin ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-2635-6921 5

Nature Geoscience ( 2024 ) Cite this article

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Gold nuggets occur predominantly in quartz veins, and the current paradigm posits that gold precipitates from dilute (<1 mg kg −1 gold), hot, water ± carbon dioxide-rich fluids owing to changes in temperature, pressure and/or fluid chemistry. However, the widespread occurrence of large gold nuggets is at odds with the dilute nature of these fluids and the chemical inertness of quartz. Quartz is the only abundant piezoelectric mineral on Earth, and the cyclical nature of earthquake activity that drives orogenic gold deposit formation means that quartz crystals in veins will experience thousands of episodes of deviatoric stress. Here we use quartz deformation experiments and piezoelectric modelling to investigate whether piezoelectric discharge from quartz can explain the ubiquitous gold–quartz association and the formation of gold nuggets. We find that stress on quartz crystals can generate enough voltage to electrochemically deposit aqueous gold from solution as well as accumulate gold nanoparticles. Nucleation of gold via piezo-driven reactions is rate-limiting because quartz is an insulator; however, since gold is a conductor, our results show that existing gold grains are the focus of ongoing growth. We suggest this mechanism can help explain the creation of large nuggets and the commonly observed highly interconnected gold networks within quartz vein fractures.

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Cathodoluminescence as a tracing technique for quartz precipitation in low velocity shear experiments

Transport and coarsening of gold nanoparticles in an orogenic deposit by dissolution–reprecipitation and Ostwald ripening

Formation of orogenic gold deposits by progressive movement of a fault-fracture mesh through the upper crustal brittle-ductile transition zone

Data availability.

Neutron diffraction measurements of quartz samples and associated data used to model the piezoelectric properties are available via figshare at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.26315281 (ref. 50 ). All other data supporting the findings of this study (sample images and geochemical models) are available within the article and its extended data files.

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Acknowledgements

This study is supported by Australian Research Council (LP200200897) and MRIWA project M10412 awarded to A.G.T., J.B. and W.L. We acknowledge the use of instruments and scientific and technical assistance at the Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy (MCEM), Monash University, the Victorian Node of Microscopy Australia. This research used equipment funded by Australian Research Council grant: Thermo Fisher Scientific Helios 5 UX FIB-SEM ARC Funding (LE200100132). We thank Agnico Eagles Mines Limited and the staff at Fosterville Gold Mine for providing samples and site access. We thank Y. Xing and D. Willis for assistance and discussions throughout the project.

Author information

Authors and affiliations.

School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Christopher R. Voisey, Nicholas J. R. Hunter, Andrew G. Tomkins & Joël Brugger

Centre for Health Systems Development, Australian Institute of Primary Care and Ageing, La Trobe University, Bundoora Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Nicholas J. R. Hunter

CSIRO Mineral Resources, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, ANSTO, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Vladimir Luzin

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Contributions

C.R.V. conceptualized the project, designed and conducted piezoelectric laboratory experiments and was lead writer of the paper. N.J.R.H. processed and interpreted neutron diffraction data, constructed relevant figures and helped write the paper. A.G.T. helped conceptualize the project and interpretation. J.B. helped design the aqueous experiments and solutions and constructed geochemical models. W.L. designed and created the nanoparticle suspensions. Y.L. conducted SEM and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. V.L. conducted the neutron diffraction experiments. All authors reviewed the paper before submission.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Christopher R. Voisey .

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Competing interests.

The authors declare no competing interests.

Peer review

Peer review information.

Nature Geoscience thanks David Groves, Mark Hannington, Randolph Williams and Yanhao Yu for their contribution to the peer review of this work. Primary Handling Editor: Alison Hunt, in collaboration with the Nature Geoscience team.

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Extended data

Extended data fig. 1 the crystallography of quartz and related piezoelectric effects..

The crystal planes of quartz and the piezoelectric response when distorted. ( a ) Crystallography of left- and right- handed quartz. The basal {c}, prismatic {m} and rhombohedral {r, z} planes are indicated. Minor planes, such as bipyramidal and acute rhombohedral, are not shown. ( b ) Quartz crystal viewed parallel to the c-axis. Here, the first- {m} and second- order {a} prismatic planes can be easily distinguished. ( c ) The effect of an applied mechanical stress (parallel to X) on the quartz atomic framework (top left and right). As the framework is distorted (top right), a piezoelectric potential is generated. When a quartz crystal is viewed parallel to the c-axis (bottom left and right) the distribution of positive (red) and negative (blue) piezoelectric charge can be recognised. ( d ) Note that only the {a} crystal planes are piezoelectric in quartz.

Extended Data Fig. 2 Geological map of the Victorian goldfields, Australia.

Major gold deposits in the Victorian goldfields, including the Fosterville deposit where samples for this study were sourced, from Voisey et al. (2020). ( a ) Schematic of Australia with the state of Victoria highlighted in grey. Position of ( b ) is indicated. ( b ) Inset map of Victoria and part of New South Wales showing the locations of the Lachlan orogen and the Delamerian orogen. Position of ( c ) is indicated. ( c ) Simplified geologic map of central Victoria, modified from Phillips et al. (2012). Infilled circles show major gold fields.

Extended Data Fig. 3 Schematic of the apparatus used in all experiments.

Deformation apparatus used in our experiments. The 2 x 1 x 0.5 cm quartz slab(s) are placed within an 8 x 8 x 3 cm sample chamber and submerged in 75 ml of gold-bearing solution. The perimeter of the sample chamber is sealed with silicon and the bottom plate has a trough to keep the sample chamber in place. Pressure is applied between the bottom two plates to prevent vertical bouncing during experimental oscillations. The quartz is then deformed by the actuator impact head for 1 hour at room temperature.

Extended Data Fig. 4 Gold solubility in our experiments vs. typical orogenic systems.

Eh vs. pH diagrams showing the potentials required to reduce aqueous gold. ( a ) Gold present as AuCl 4 − in our room-temperature experiments and ( b ) shown as the Au(HS) 2 - ± Au(HS)(aq) complexes typical in orogenic gold fluids, into metallic gold, as a function of gold in solution. The diagrams of iron also shown for comparison, where ( c ) and ( d ) correspond to ( a ) and ( b ), respectively. Abbreviations: Hem – hematite, Mgn – magnetite, Po- pyrrhotite, Py – pyrite. QMF in ( d ) shows the pH corresponding to quartz-muscovite-K-feldspar for activities of K + of 0.1 to 0.01.

Extended Data Fig. 5 Control results from uncoated quartz experiments.

Imagery of the quartz crystal control slabs from our uncoated experiments. Samples were submerged in their respective solutions, but not deformed. ( a ) BSE image of bare quartz gold chloride (AuCl4) experiment. ( b ) and ( c ) are BSE and SE images, respectively, of the square area outlined in ( a ). ( d ) BSE image of bare quartz gold nanoparticle (AuNP) experiment. ( e ) and ( f ) are BSE and SE images, respectively, of the square area outlined in ( d ). BSE: Backscattered electron. SE: Secondary electron.

Extended Data Fig. 6 Results from Ir-coated quartz with gold chloride (AuCl 4 ) experiment.

Imagery of the Ir-coated quartz crystal slab after deformation within AuCl 4 solution. ( a ) BSE image of the quartz surface exhibiting distribution of gold particles deposits from AuCl 4 solution. Linear arrays, or ‘branches’, of gold particles can be seen. ( b ) and ( c ) are BSE and SE images, respectively, of the square area outlined in ( a ). Coupling of gold particles is evident as well as a pseudo-hexagonal Au nanocrystal. ( d ) EDS image of the square area in ( a ) highlighting the chemistry of sample area. BSE: Backscattered electron. SE: Secondary electron. EDS: Energy dispersive spectroscopy.

Extended Data Fig. 7 Control results from from Ir-coated quartz with gold chloride (AuCl 4 ) experiment.

Imagery of the Ir-coated quartz crystal control slab for the AuCl 4 solution experiment. Sample was submerged but not deformed. ( a ) EDS image of the quartz control sample surface. ( b ) BSE image of the quartz control sample surface. Inset shown at higher magnification. ( c ) EDS spectra of area in ( a ). BSE: Backscattered electron. EDS: Energy dispersive spectroscopy.

Extended Data Fig. 8 Control results from natural auriferous quartz experiments.

Imagery of the natural gold-bearing quartz control slabs from our growth experiments. Samples were submerged in their respective solutions, but not deformed. ( a ) BSE image of natural auriferous quartz gold chloride (AuCl4) experiment. Gold grain within quartz. ( b ) and ( c ) are BSE and SE images, respectively, of the square area outlined in ( a ). ( d ) BSE image of natural auriferous quartz gold nanoparticle (AuNP) experiment. Gold grain within quartz. ( e ) and ( f ) are BSE and SE images, respectively, of the square area outlined in ( d ). In both samples, particles seen on the gold grain surface are pieces of quartz. BSE: Backscattered electron. SE: Secondary electron.

Extended Data Fig. 9 Results from Ir-coated quartz gold nanoparticle (AuNP) experiment.

Imagery of the Ir-coated quartz crystal slab after deformation within AuNP solution. ( a ) BSE image of the quartz surface exhibiting distribution of gold particles deposits from AuNP solution. Large clusters of AuNPs can be seen. ( b ) and ( c ) are BSE and SE images, respectively, of the square area outlined in ( a ). ( d ) EDS image of the square area in ( a ) highlighting the chemistry of sample area. BSE: Backscattered electron. SE: Secondary electron. EDS: Energy dispersive spectroscopy.

Extended Data Fig. 10 Control results from Ir-coated quartz with gold nanoparticle (AuNP) experiment.

Imagery of the Ir-coated quartz crystal control slab for the AuNP solution experiment. Sample was submerged but not deformed. ( a ) EDS image of the quartz control sample surface. ( b ) BSE image of the quartz control sample surface. Inset shown at higher magnification. ( c ) EDS spectra of area in ( a ). BSE: Backscattered electron. EDS: Energy dispersive spectroscopy.

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Voisey, C.R., Hunter, N.J.R., Tomkins, A.G. et al. Gold nugget formation from earthquake-induced piezoelectricity in quartz. Nat. Geosci. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-024-01514-1

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Published : 02 September 2024

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-024-01514-1

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Preparing the Rocket. Now prepare the baking soda for the rocket. Place 1 teaspoon (tsp.) of baking soda in the bowl. Carefully add 1/8 tsp. of water to the baking soda and mix it in using the spoon. This should wet the baking soda enough so that you can pack it into the depression on the inside of the canister lid.
Launching Homemade Baking Soda Rockets
This is how the chemical reaction provides the thrust the canister needs to launch. ... This is pretty close to what happens in this rocket experiment. The vinegar and baking soda react making carbon dioxide. The longer they react, the more gas is made. The carbon dioxide compresses in the empty part of the container until the pressure is so ...
How to Make a Rocket with Alka Seltzer
The rockets and the endothermic experiment listed after the rocket instructions, are good opportunities to teach about dependent, independent, and control variables. ... When the chemical reaction happens between the water and Alka Seltzer, carbon dioxide is produced and causes pressure within the stopped-up bottle. When the bottle cannot hold ...
Rocket Boat Chemical Reaction Science Experiment
In this fun and easy science experiment for kids, we're going to use a chemical reaction to make a rocket boat. Materials: Plastic liquid dish soap bottle with a pop top spout Food coloring Toilet paper Baking soda Vinegar Toilet paper Tape Instructions: Fill a bathtub with about six inches of water. Open the pop top on the plastic bottle. Unscrew the cap and add one and a half cups of vinegar ...
Pop Rocket Chemical Reaction Science Experiment
Learn how to make a pop rocket in this quick, super fun, and easy chemical reaction science experiment. This is a new spin on the traditional Alka-Seltzer film canister pop rocket experiment. Since the old film canisters are getting harder to come by, we will use a Mini M&Ms tube to perform this chemical reaction science experiment. Materials: Empty Mini M&M's tube. These are readily available ...
How to Make a Baking Soda Rocket
Use the tape to attach three straws to the side of the bottle, so it stands up upside down. Pour about 2 cm of vinegar into the bottle. Wrap the baking soda in the kitchen roll to make a little parcel. Choose a launch area outside. It needs to be a hard surface. When you're ready to launch, drop the baking soda parcel into the bottle, quickly ...
Fizzy Rockets: Igniting Science Fun with Simple Chemical Reactions
An effective rocket harnesses a chemical reaction to propel itself. Using simple materials, you can experience this hands-on science experiment. Materials and Design. To build a fizzy rocket, you will need: 1 film canister: This will be the main body of your rocket. Baking soda: Acts as a solid base for the chemical reaction.
Spectacle Science: Exploring Homemade Rockets
During the chemical reaction, new compounds are made. These are referred to as the exhaust. The rockets push the hot exhaust out from the bottom at high pressure and thus the spacecraft is thrust ...
Film Canister Rocket Science Experiment
This science experiment is fun, easy, and is a great activity to demonstrate chem... In this video, we will teach you how to make a simple film canister rocket.
PDF Build a Pop Rocket: A Motion Experiment
by examining the motion of a rocket. They will learn how a basic chemical reaction can cause an object to move. This experiment serves as an introduction to understanding how chemical energy can be converted to mechanical energy to put a life-size vehicle in motion. Materials: Empty 35-mm film canister with a snugly fitting lid
Baking Soda and Vinegar Rocket Experiment
The Baking Soda and Vinegar Rocket experiment is an exciting and hands-on activity that demonstrates the reaction between baking soda and vinegar to create a gas that propels a simple rocket into the air. This experiment provides a fun way to learn about chemical reactions and the principles of propulsion.
Fizzy Bottle Rocket Experiment- A Fantastic Outdoor Science Activity
Your rocket will shoot up high in the sky. This fantastic video of the fizzy bottle rocket experiment gives a deep insight into how a chemical reaction triggers enough pressure to push an object. So, the next time when you hear a hissing sound while opening a can of soda, know that it is because of the escape of millions of CO2 molecules.
Tea bag rocket
This is an experiment about chemical reactions - and some physics. Fun and easy science experiments for kids and adults. Tea bag rocket. Chemistry. Make a flying rocket out of a tea bag! This is an experiment about chemical reactions - and some physics. ... In this chemical reaction, the tea bag and the oxygen are consumed, at the same time as ...
Bottle Rockets
Take a piece of paper towel and cut it to about 4 inches square. Place about a tablespoon (we used a HEAPING tablespoon… my teens love a BIG blast off!) of baking soda in the centre of the paper towel. Fold up the paper towel so the baking soda is wrapped up inside and it fits snugly inside the mouth of the bottle.
Alka-Seltzer Rockets
Cut out a pie shape from the circle and twist the paper into a cone. Tape the cone together then tape it on the open end of the paper tube. Turn the rocket upside down and fill the canister 1/3 full with water. Drop in a 1/2 tablet of Alka-Seltzer and snap the lid on tight. Quickly stand the rocket upright (lid on the table) and stand back!
Vinegar and Baking Soda Rocket Science Experiment for Kids
Rocket Science Project. Next up is preparing the rocket fuel - the science part of the STEAM challenge. You will fuel up the rocket with a very simple solution of 1 - 2 cups of vinegar in the bottle. When the baking soda and vinegar mix they will form a chemical recation that will result in extra carbon dioxide being produced which will ...
Alka Seltzer Rockets
Use an alka seltzer rocket to learn about reactions, gases, and pressure. Alka Seltzer rockets make great science! Use an alka seltzer rocket to learn about reactions, gases, and pressure. ... This Alka Seltzer experiment is all about the chemical reaction between the tablet and the water. When the chemical reaction occurs, a gas called carbon ...
Science Fair Project: Alka-Seltzer Rocket Showdown
Gravity is another force pulling the rocket, keeping it on the Earth, but when the force of the gas pushing the rocket becomes greater than gravity, the rocket lifts off. HEADS UP: Before we get started, just a reminder that this experiment can teach kids about rockets and acid/base reactions.
Pop Rockets
Students design and build paper rockets around film canisters, which serve as engines. An antacid tablet and water are put into each canister, reacting to form carbon dioxide gas, and acting as the pop rocket's propellant. With the lid snapped on, the continuous creation of gas causes pressure to build up until the lid pops off, sending the rocket into the air. The pop rockets demonstrate ...
The Antacid Rocket Experiment
Wrap 1 teaspoon of baking soda in small piece of tissue. Warning: You must act quickly in this step! Stuff the folded tissue in the tube, snap it shut and stand it up (with the lid down) on the ground. Move away! Watch the rocket pop right up into the air after the tissue dissolves in the vinegar.
Fizzy bottle rockets
Make a self-propelled rocket from a juice bottle. ExpeRiment with the 'fuel' for the rocket. Learn how a chemical reaction which produces gas can be used to propel a rocket. About this activity Danielle and Michael make explosive rockets fly with the children at an adventure playground. By putting fizzy headache/vitamin tablets into a ...
Baking Soda Bottle Rocket
Fill the bottle halfway with vinegar. Scoop a spoonful of baking soda in the center of a square of paper towel and roll it up. Twist the ends to close the baking soda in. Place the paper towel into the bottle, but don't drop it in the vinegar yet. Let the neck of the bottle hold the paper towel. Put a cork in the mouth of the bottle.
Science Max
🚀NEW VIDEOS EVERY THURSDAY! 🚀Have you ever done a science experiment and wondered "What would this be like if it were HUGE?" Welcome to Science Max, the ex...
Apple Volcanoes
Directions. Set the apple on a tray or a plate. Use a spoon to pour some baking soda in the apple. I recommend around a tablespoon. Have them fill a dropper with vinegar and then squeeze it onto the baking soda.
UF professor becomes first NASA-funded researcher to fly on suborbital
A professor at the University of Florida became the first NASA-funded researcher to fly on a suborbital rocket to conduct an experiment in space. Biologist Rob Ferl was part of the commercial ...
Gold nugget formation from earthquake-induced piezoelectricity in
To accommodate for the low strain (~0.003595%) generated by our apparatus, these coated quartz samples were also used to expedite piezoelectrochemical reactions in two experiments aiming to mimic ...

How to Make a Baking Soda Rocket

How to make a baking soda rocket

Instructions

Baking Soda Rocket Top Tips

Why does a baking soda rocket work?

Baking Soda Rocket Extension Tasks

Lemon juice as rocket fuel

More Space Science Experiments for Kids

Safety Notice

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Fizzy Rockets: Igniting Science Fun with Simple Chemical Reactions

Table of Contents

Key Takeaways

Understanding Chemical Reactions

Basics of Chemical Reactions

Role of Catalysts

The Anatomy of a Fizzy Rocket

Materials and Design

Assembly Instructions

The Science Behind Rocket Launch

Combustion and Pressure

Gas Laws and Thrust Generation

Conducting the Experiment

Step-by-Step Procedure

Safety Measures

Chemistry in Action

Reactants and Products

Energy Transfer

The Thrill of Launching

Pre-Launch Checklist

Countdown and Blast Off

Rocket Design Optimisation

Modifying Variables

Analysing Flight Data

Crafting Rockets in the Classroom

Educational Benefits

Interactive Learning Activities

DIY Science at Home

Homemade Rocket Materials

Ensuring a Successful Launch

The Dynamics of Fizzy Rockets

Forces and Motion

Balancing Mass and Lift

From Classroom to Outer Space

Sparking Interest in Space Exploration

The Future of Educational Science

Frequently Asked Questions

How does the addition of water initiate the chemical reaction in Alka-Seltzer rockets?

What scientific principles allow fizzy bottle rockets to launch?

Can you explain the chemical reaction that propels a fizzy rocket?

What safety precautions should be observed when conducting fizzy rocket experiments?

How can the flight of a fizzy rocket be optimised?

What are the environmental impacts of conducting fizzy rocket experiments?

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On supporting science journalism

Fizzy Bottle Rocket Experiment- A Fantastic Outdoor Science Activity

Steps to Make Fizzy Bottle Rocket

Steps to follow

Observation

What makes the bottle rocket fly?

Why does a bottle rocket need water?

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Explanation

Spinning spiral snake

Water mass meeting

Levitating match

Screaming dry ice

Dry ice in a balloon

Special: Dry ice color change

Dry ice smoking soap bubble snake

Dry ice giant crystal ball bubble

Dry ice in water

Rainbow milk

Gummy bear osmosis