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The Bab al-Mandab region has often been considered a primary crossing point for early hominins following a southern coastal route from East Africa to South and Southeast Asia. However, surprisingly little work has been done in the countries of Djibouti and Yemen, both of which hold the key to our understanding of the chronological, paleoenvironmental and adaptive contexts of such early movements. As a result, detailed and accurate information about hominin subsistence, raw material exploitation, climatic adaptations, and the rate and success of early dispersals in such regions still remain poorly understood. Being a part of the Rift Valley, Djibouti shows great potential for paleoanthropological research in parity with the rest of East Africa. Only one Oldowan site, near Lake Abbé, is currently known and dated to between 1.6 and 1.3 Ma by ESR, with presumably butchered remains of Elephas recki ileretensis and hundreds of artifacts on lavas. In addition, a complete articulated skeleton of Elephas recki recki was found in clays of the comparatively younger Gobaad Formation. Previous investigators have also reported a fragmentary maxilla, attributed to an older form of Homo sapiens and dated to ~250 Ka, from the valley of the Dagadlé Wadi. In Yemen and other parts of the Arabian Peninsula, archaeological investigations by numerous workers have yielded an abundance of Lower Paleolithic sites near the mountains and on fan surfaces, particularly in the Hadramaut area and the Tihama Plains, including the Al-Guza cave site with possible Oldowan artifacts. Surveys 25 to 40 km inland from the Gulf of Aden, South of Yemen, have yielded almost 40 Lower Paleolithic sites, including several Oldowan sites. Despite these commendable efforts, however, vast parts of both Djibouti and Yemen remain largely unexplored and much of the known evidence from both regions has not been absolutely dated or excavated. Until this is done, such data lend little support to early dispersal models that incorporate a southern coastal route to Southeast Asia during the Late Pliocene. This paper attempts to highlight and assess the earliest-known Mode 1 and Mode 2 evidence from Djibouti and Yemen, and correlate them with the available Plio-Pleistocene environmental records of the Bab al-Mandab region. Another objective is to provide a detailed synthesis of the original French publications on the paleoanthropological evidence from Djibouti, thus making it more widely available for comparative purposes.
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Chauhan, P.R. (2009). Early Homo Occupation Near the Gate of Tears : Examining the Paleoanthropological Records of Djibouti and Yemen. In: Hovers, E., Braun, D.R. (eds) Interdisciplinary Approaches to the Oldowan. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9060-8_5
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This volume, the fifth in the important Koobi Fora series on human origins, reports archaeological finds from excavations at East Turkana in northern Kenya from 1969-1979. It concentrates on the evidence from the period between 1.9 and 0.7 million years ago for reconstructing the behavior of early human ancestors. During this research study, new interdisciplinary methods of survey, mapping, excavation, experimentation, and analysis were developed. The study investigated the geology, stratigraphy, site formation processes, technology of the stone assemblages, and associated fauna of the region. This book is a unique record for this time period in Kenya, and this work is a benchmark in the field of human evolution.
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from VII. - Western and Central Asia
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 August 2014
Introduction: The Levantine Corridor
The region that is the focus of this chapter is but a small stretch of land enjoying Mediterranean climate, located between the Mediterranean Sea to the west and one of the harshest deserts on earth to the east. The Levantine Corridor (Goren-Inbar & Speth 2004), despite its small size, has been subject to one of the most intensive archaeological efforts anywhere. Here some of the world’s most important prehistoric sites have been discovered during almost one hundred years of excavation. Together with new sites, they remain the source for many of the cutting-edge questions and debates in palaeoanthropology today. The story of the Levant in early prehistory is first of all the story of a corridor, the main pathway leading out of Africa taken by continuous waves of human groups reaching out for new territory in Eurasia. Some of the very early evidence for human presence outside of Africa is succeeded in the region by indications of subsequent Lower Palaeolithic dispersals, followed by the earliest movement of anatomically modern humans out of Africa during the Middle Palaeolithic.
Our current focus on the Levantine Corridor, to the exclusion of the remainder of Asia, is due to the fact that Central Asian data are almost nonexistent to date. R. Dennell provides the few data from Central Asia in his recently published book (Dennell 2009), and the reader is advised to consult this monumental work. Yet even this scholar, who has focused considerable attention on Asia, wrote: “The Palaeolithic record of the west region, covering an area c. 16 times larger than Britain, is largely unknown, and mostly comprises surface artifact collections that are not datable” (Dennell 2009: 325). Central Asia is clearly a key region for the discussion of the most significant questions in early prehistoric archaeology today. Currently, political and geographical difficulties stand in the way of scholars working in these vast regions, but exciting discoveries will surely emerge with the advance of research in the future.
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COMMENTS
eistocene ArchaeologyJournal of Field Archaeology/Vol. 26, 1999 91Koobi Fora Research Project, Volume 5: ra Formation of the lower. mo Valley, just north of Lake Plio-Pleistocene Archaeology Turkana. Feelings were finally salved when further dating results for Koobi Fora led everyone to accept an a. e in the.
This volume, the fifth in the important Koobi Fora series on human origins, reports archaeological finds from excavations at East Turkana in northern Kenya from 1969-1979. It concentrates on the evidence from the period between 1.9 and 0.7 million years ago for reconstructing the behavior of early human ancestors.
Geoarchaeology is an interdisciplinary journal spanning archaeology & the geosciences with a focus on human-environment relationships in the Quaternary period. ... Koobi Fora research project, volume 5: plio-pleistocene archaeology. John D. Speth, Corresponding Author. John D. Speth ... Volume 13, Issue 7. October 1998. Pages 746-753. Related ...
Speth, John D. (1998)."Koobi Fora research project, volume 5: plio-pleistocene archaeology." Geoarchaeology 13(7): 746-753. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/34952>
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6548(199810)13:7<746::AID-GEA6>3..CO;2-6 Corpus ID: 128973025; Koobi Fora research project, volume 5: plio-pleistocene archaeology @article ...
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DOI: 10.2307/530627 Corpus ID: 131748378; Koobi Fora Research Project, Volume 5: Plio-Pleistocene Archaeology @article{Gabel1999KoobiFR, title={Koobi Fora Research Project, Volume 5: Plio-Pleistocene Archaeology}, author={Creighton Gabel and Glynn Ll.
This volume, the fifth in the important Koobi Fora series on human origins, reports archaeological finds from excavations at East Turkana in northern Kenya from 1969-1979. It concentrates on the evidence from the period between 1.9 and 0.7 million years ago for reconstructing the behavior of early human ancestors. During this research study, new interdisciplinary methods of survey, mapping ...
A more recent study by Bello et al. of four archaeological sites ... Plio-Pleistocene, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. ... editors. Koobi Fora Research Project Volume 1: The Fossil Hominids and an ...
Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Koobi Fora Research Project: Volume 5: Plio-Pleistocene Archaeology by Barbara Isaac, Glynn Ll. Isaac (Hardcover, 1997) at the best online prices at eBay! ... Volume 5: Plio-Pleistocene Archaeology Koobi Fora Research Project: Volume 5: Plio-Pleistocene Archaeology. AU $339.00.
The FxJj20 site complex is a series of archaeological localities that are located in collecting Area 131 in the Karari Ridge region of the Koobi Fora Research area (Fig. 1). Extensive excavations in the FxJj20 site complex recovered tens of thousands of stone artifacts from floodplain silts (Harris, 1978, Harris, 1997).
THE KOOBI FORA REGION has, over the last 35 years of exploration, produced a wealth of paleontological, geological and archaeological data. Research in the area has revealed a complex history of volcanism, tectonics and sedimentary cycles preserving fluvial and lake phases of the basin. Some 16,000 fossil specimens have been collected from the ...
This volume, the fifth in the important Koobi Fora series on human origins, reports archaeological finds from excavations at East Turkana in northern Kenya from 1969-1979. It concentrates on the evidence from the period between 1.9 and 0.7 million years ago for reconstructing the behavior of early human ancestors. During this research study, new ...
In the time interval between approximately 2.5 million years and 1.5 million years ago and against a background of changing environmental conditions and the emergence of highly diversified populations of early hominids, the earliest archaeological occurrences have been documented from a number of localities in the Rift Valley of East Africa. These have been attributed to the Oldowan Industrial ...
Bernard Wood, Koobi Fora Research Project Volume 4: Hominid Cranial Remains, Oxford University Press. 1991, ISBN -19-857502-5. Glynn Ll.Isaac, "Koobi Fora Research Project Volume 5: Plio-Pleistocene Archaeology", Oxford University Press. 1997, ISBN 0 19 8575017 .
Geoarchaeology is an interdisciplinary journal spanning archaeology & the geosciences with a focus on human-environment relationships in the Quaternary period. Abstract FxJj43 differs from most other archaeological sites preserved in the Okote Member of the Koobi Fora Formation in ways that make it especially suited to the problem of clarifying ...
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Department of Archaeology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa ... during the KBS and Okote Members of the Koobi Fora Formation. ED-XRF was used as a method of characterizing raw material sources and artefacts using trace elements. ... Volume 51, Issue 1. January 2009. Pages 26-42. References; Related; Information; Close ...
This volume, the fifth in the important Koobi Fora series on human origins, reports archaeological finds from excavations at East Turkana in northern Kenya from 1969-1979. It concentrates on the evidence from the period between 1.9 and 0.7 million years ago for reconstructing the behavior of early human ancestors. During this research study, new interdisciplinary methods of survey, mapping ...
In 1970 the picture of earliest Homo began to change significantly with the success of the Koobi Fora Research Project in northern Kenya ... ( chapters "The Paleoclimatic Record and Plio-Pleistocene Paleoenvironments," Vol. 1 and "Origins of Homininae and Putative ... ( chapters "Overview of Paleolithic Archaeology," Vol. 3 and ...
Pliocene and Pleistocene archaeological sites west of Lake Turkana, Kenya. Journal of Human Evolution 23, 431-438. Article Google Scholar Langbroek, M., 2004. 'Out of Africa': An investigation into the Earliest Occupation of the Old World. Archaeological Reports International Ser 1244, Oxford.
This volume, the fifth in the important Koobi Fora series on human origins, reports archaeological finds from excavations at East Turkana in northern Kenya from 1969-1979. It concentrates on the evidence from the period between 1.9 and 0.7 million years ago for reconstructing the behavior of early human ancestors.
Central Asia is clearly a key region for the discussion of the most significant questions in early prehistoric archaeology today. Currently, political and geographical difficulties stand in the way of scholars working in these vast regions, but exciting discoveries will surely emerge with the advance of research in the future. Type.