how many years is a phd in sports psychology

Sports Psychology PHD Programs in the U.S.A.

Resource:   Ultimate Online Guide to Becoming a Sports Psychologist (Mini-Course)

If you are interested in pursuing a degree that will deliver the latest mental training strategies for enhancing athletic performance at all sport levels, the following are the top doctoral programs that are available in sports psychology in the United States today. We present them in alphabetical order.

Boston University

Graduate school of education.

With a total headcount of over 33,000 students at the undergraduate and graduate level, Boston University is one of the nation’s largest private non-profit research institutions. BU sits on a 133-acre urban campus along the Charles River in New England’s largest city. As an elite member of the prestigious Association of American Universities, it is no surprise that BU is ranked as the 41st best college and 14th top up-and-coming school in the United States by the U.S. News and World Report. As the country’s 51st best education school, the Graduate School of Education is also acclaimed for having the 46th best graduate psychology programs.

Ed.D. in Counseling Psychology: Concentration in Sport/Performance Psychology

Built with a traditional scientist-practitioner model for the development of counseling practice abilities along with psychological theory, the Ed.D. in Counseling Psychology offers a unique concentration on the contributions of Sport/Performance Psychology to human wellness. While there is a non-licensure track offered, the majority of doctoral students follow the licensure track to seek state licensure as a psychologist through the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards in Massachusetts. With a curriculum that generally takes five academic years full-time beyond completion of psychology master’s programs, the program prepares graduates to work primarily in academic settings to assist athletes, performing artists, teams, and sports organizations at all educational levels realize their optimal performance.

Accreditations

• New England Association of Schools and Colleges (NEASC)

Contact Information

Two Silber Way Boston, MA 02215 (617) 358-4766 [email protected] Program Website

Florida State University

College of education.

First established in 1851 as a major selective public institution of higher learning with a world-class reputation for cutting-edge research, Florida State University is located on a 448-acre sprawling urban campus in the heart of the state’s capital city of Tallahassee with more than 30,000 students. Despite being the oldest continuous university in the state, FSU is still highly regarded nationwide for being the 91st best college and 40th top public school by the U.S. News and World Report. As the 39th best education school in the United States, the College of Education also is home to the 60th best psychology doctoral programs.

Doctorate in Sport Psychology

Designed to provide a foundational knowledge in sport psychology theory and research as a Track II program, the Doctorate in Sport Psychology program prepares qualified graduate students for assuming academic teaching and/or research positions at the university level in accordance with the scientist-practitioner model of training. Due to the specific emphasis on the psychological theories involved in athletics, some graduates may also wish to pursue careers as coaching educators or consulting professionals with amateur and professional athletes through various sports organizations. As a three year full-time program beyond the master’s degree, the curriculum requires the successful completion of advanced courses, disciplinary specialization electives, a comprehensive examination, original dissertation research, and an oral dissertation defense for graduation with a Ph.D. in Sport Psychology.

• Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP)
• Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS)

1114 West Call Street Tallahassee, FL 32306 (850) 644-8786 [email protected] Program Website

John F. Kennedy University

College of graduate and professional studies.

Based on a suburban campus in the town of Pleasant Hill and overlooking the San Francisco Bay with satellite locations in San Jose and Berkeley, John F. Kennedy University was founded in 1964 as an accredited independent non-profit institution within the National University System. In particular, the College of Graduate and Professional Studies offers a broad variety of flexible program options that have been designed to prepare students for enriching their educational experiences to meet career leadership goals in a supportive and transformative environment.

M.A in Sport Psychology – Clinical Psy.D. Dual Degree

For graduate students who are interested in working within a clinical mental health setting while using clinical skills to work with amateur or professional athletes, there is an innovative program available that allows individuals to work towards earning a Master of Arts (M.A.) in Sport Psychology along with a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) in Clinical Psychology concurrently. Rooted in the valuable opportunity to work with both clinical patients and athletes to build the knowledge needed for both fields, the program is specifically designed to produce practitioners rather than researchers. After earning both degrees within five years of rigorous full-time studies, students are able to pursue certification through the Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP) as well as earn licensure in California.

• American Psychological Association (APA) Commission on Accreditation (CoA)
• Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC)

100 Ellinwood Way Pleasant Hill, CA 94523 (925) 969-3414 [email protected] Program Website

Oregon State University

College of public health and human sciences.

Situated on a beautiful 422-acre suburban campus in the town of Corvallis within just an hour’s drive from the sparkling coastline of the Pacific Ocean, Oregon State University is the state’s largest four-year comprehensive public land-grant and sea-grant research institution with a diverse community of over 26,000 students. Not only has Corvallis been consistently named among the safest cities to live in the United States, but OSU has also been ranked as the 142nd best college and 73rd top public school in the nation by the U.S. News and World Report. Furthermore, the College of Public Health and Human Services is home to some of the 101st best graduate psychology programs in the country.

Ph.D. Program in Sport and Exercise Psychology

With a research-oriented emphasis on the social psychology of physical activity, the Ph.D. Program in Sport and Exercise Psychology is designed to address how social and psychological factors influence human participation as well as performance in exercise activities. As a full-time program that requires at least four years of full-time study beyond an accredited master’s degree, the Ph.D. curriculum covers topics in motivation, self-perception, group dynamics, leadership, behavior change, human movement, physical disabilities, epidemiology, and other principles of sport psychology. Through a theory-to-practice approach, the program aims to enable students to learn about current research and conduct original research that can be applied to practical situations in the field of sport or exercise psychology.

• Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH)
• Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities (NWCCU)

123 Women’s Building Corvallis, OR 97331 (541) 737-3220 [email protected] Program Website

Purdue University

Department of health and kinesiology.

Headquartered on a vast 2,468-acre urban flagship campus in the city of West Lafayette, with four satellite locations scattered throughout the state of Indiana in the university system, Purdue University is one of the nation’s major comprehensive public land-grant research institutions, with more than 200 areas of study. With many of its programs consistently ranking among the best in the United States, Purdue is currently ranked as the 68th best college and 24th top public school in the nation by the U.S. News and World Report. Moreover, the Department of Health and Kinesiology is renowned for offering two of the country’s 46th best graduate psychology programs.

Ph.D. in Sport and Exercise Psychology

Structured with a research emphasis on studying social relationships, emotional processes, self-perceptions, and adaptation to adversity in relation to physical activity, the Ph.D. in Sport and Exercise Psychology program requires the completion of at least four years of full-time advanced graduate studies beyond the master’s degree. With the goal of training graduate students to pursue employment in academic and research settings, the program enables students to customize their coursework in collaboration with an experienced faculty member who shares similar research interests. That being said, students can expect to take courses in the areas of human lifespan development, social psychology, communications, sociology, research methodologies, kinesiology, health assessment, stress/coping, and motivational processes in sport and exercise.

• Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE)
• Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association (NCA)

800 West Stadium Avenue West Lafayette, IN 47907 (765) 496-9483 [email protected] Program Website

San Diego University for Integrative Studies

Department of psychology.

First established in 1999 on an urban campus in the heart of Old Town in San Diego with a complementary distance learning program online from anywhere in the world with an Internet connection, San Diego University for Integrative Studies is a small private unaccredited institution that offers programs focused on the relationship between the mind, body, and spirit. Within the Department of Psychology, students have the freedom to choose programs focused on sport psychology, posture therapy, expressive arts therapy, transpersonal psychology, psychobiomechanics, and even Tibetan Buddhist studies.

Ph.D. in Psychology: Specialization in Sport Counseling

In an effort to prepare well-qualified graduates for consulting with individual athletes, sports teams, athletic organizations, committees, and national governing bodies, the Ph.D. in Psychology with a specialization in Sport Psychology program is designed to provide the advanced knowledge base needed to effectively teach and coach in programs tailored to meet the unique needs of this population. Through a combination of advanced seminars with intensive research and internship experiences, the program enhances students’ professional skills to enhance their capabilities for better serving others. After completing a minimum of 85 quarter units in the licensing track at the graduate level, graduates will qualify for pursuing licensure as a psychologist to practice within California.

• Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC) – Candidacy

3900 Harney Street San Diego, CA 92110 (619) 297-1999 [email protected] Program Website

Temple University

Department of kinesiology.

Positioned on a 330-acre metropolitan campus in the downtown hub of Philadelphia with a community of over 39,000 students, Temple University is a major leading public research institution. With the distinction of being the fourth largest provider of professional education in the United States, Temple is currently ranked as the 121st best college, 60th top public school, and 24th best university for veterans in the nation by the U.S. News and World Report. Within the College of Health Professions, the Department of Kinesiology is home to one of the doctoral psychology programs that have been ranked as the 52nd best in the country.

Ph.D. in Kinesiology with Concentration in Psychology of Human Movement

Ideal for graduate students who are seeking a program with a specific focus on the scientific research study of human behavior in relation to exercise, sports, and other forms of human physical activities, the Ph.D. in Kinesiology offers a concentration in Psychology of Human Movement. Through a combination of theory, research, and clinical practice in diverse areas of the field, the program aims to prepare graduates for teaching and/or research positions at Carnegie Research I institutions across the nation. Depending on specialized interests, students will learn more about performance enhancement, time management, athletic injury, substance abuse and eating disorders, motivation, gender issues, and sport psychology.

• Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE)

1316 West Ontario Street Philadelphia, PA 19122 (215) 204-8718 [email protected] Program Website

University of Missouri

As the only university in the state to participate in Division I-A intercollegiate college athletics, the University of Missouri is a large comprehensive four-year public research institution of more than 34,000 students based on a 1,262-acre urban campus in Columbia surrounded by botanical gardens. According to the U.S. News and World Report, Mizzou is ranked as the 97th best college, 44th top public school, and 12th best university for veterans in the nation. Furthermore, the College of Education has been declared the 55th best education school with the 52nd top graduate psychology programs in the United States.

Ph.D. in Counseling Psychology with Subspecialty in Sport Psychology

With the mission of qualifying graduates to become licensed counseling psychologists in Missouri, as well as certified consultants through the Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP), the Ph.D. in Counseling Psychology with a subspecialty in Sport Psychology is offered to eligible graduate students with a master’s degree who have a strong interest in learning more about human behavior associated with sports and/or exercise. Founded with a unique partnership with the Department of Intercollegiate Athletics’ Comprehensive Integrated Sport Psychology Service Delivery Program, the program is designed to provide students with strong preparation in psychological principles, as well as hands-on field experience in applied practice settings. Applicants must have achieved a combined GRE score of 1000 or higher and have maintained a minimum GPA of 3.0 or better for admissions.

118 Hill Hall Columbia, MO 65211 (573) 882-0699 [email protected] Program Website

University of North Carolina at Greensboro

First founded in 1891 as an elite student-centered public research institution focused on fostering intellectual inquiry, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro is located on a 210-acre urban campus in the central region of the state at the midway point between the major metropolitan areas of Washington, DC and Atlanta. Home to more than 14,800 students, UNCG is ranked as the 190th best college and 108th top public school in the nation by the U.S. News and World Report. Even more importantly, the Department of Kinesiology is acclaimed for offering one of the 92nd best graduate psychology degree programs in the U.S.

Established with the goal of enhancing human functioning by acquiring cutting-edge knowledge on the study of cognitive, psychological, physiological, social, and emotional factors that influence exercise behaviors, the Ph.D. in Sport and Exercise Psychology program features a seamless integration of theory with research and practice in the effects of physical activity. As a four-year full-time advanced professional program, graduate students should pursue this degree if they are interested in pursuing career options as professors, researchers, coaches, exercise leaders, or sport psychology consultants with a wide variety of athletic organizations.

1400 Spring Garden Street Greensboro, NC 27402 (336) 334-5573 [email protected] Program Website

University of North Texas

Well-known for being the country’s 25th largest student-focused public research institution with a total headcount of over 36,000 students, the University of North Texas is based on a 875-acre urban campus in the city of Denton within a close distance to the booming Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area. Within one of the nation’s most diverse universities, the Department of Psychology is highly regarded for offering the 141st best psychology doctoral programs in the entire United States by the U.S. News and World Report.

Ph.D. in Counseling Psychology with Emphasis in Sport Psychology

Offered through a unique elective cluster within a doctoral program that has been fully accredited by the American Psychological Association (APA) for excellence, the Ph.D. in Counseling Psychology with an emphasis in Sport Psychology combined program is structured to provide an in-depth training to graduate students seeking to become independent licensed psychologists for working with athletic organizations. Within the scientist-practitioner model, the program provides students extensive applied learning experiences through sport psychology practicum to work directly with athletes, coaches, teams, and whole sport agencies. While students with an accredited master’s degree can finish in four to five years, those with only an undergraduate degree are also welcomed for completion in at least six years.

1611 West Mulberry Street Denton, TX 76203 (940) 369-7767 [email protected] Program Website

West Virginia University

College of physical activity and sport sciences.

Situated on an immense 2,737-acre suburban campus in the small city of Morgantown, West Virginia University is an elite comprehensive public land-grant research institution with more than 23,000 students. As home to the nation’s 14th most affordable out-of-state tuition rates, WVU is ranked as the 170th best college, 94th top public school, and 41st best university for veterans in the nation by the U.S. News and World Report. The College of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences is also home to one of the 78th best graduate psychology degree programs in the country.

Available for qualified graduate students who are entering with either an undergraduate degree or master’s degree in a related human service field, the Ph.D. in Sport and Exercise Psychology program has been created to prepare individuals for obtaining certification through the Association of Applied Sports Psychology (AASP) through a diverse curriculum covering topics in sports, exercise, injury, and counseling. For completion of the program in the scientist-practitioner model of psychology, students must successfully complete a minimum of 65 credits in advanced major coursework along with intensive internship and practicum experiences throughout the state.

P.O. Box 6116 Morgantown, WV 26506 (304) 293-3393 [email protected] Program Website

Although many individuals mistakenly believe that sports psychology is solely focused on professional athletic organizations, this specialized field area actually offers a broad range of applied practice options with athletes and non-athletes seeking to improve their performance. Sports psychologists may be interested in teaching at the university level, conducting research, coaching youth sports, or consulting with athletic organizations. Regardless of your professional goals in the growing field, be sure to check out these doctoral programs in sports psychology in the United States to acquire exceptional experiences in sports performance.

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Get Your Ph.D. in Sports Psychology – Everything You Need to Know in 2024

What’s in this guide, at a glance, why get a phd in sports psychology, entry requirements for a sports psychology phd program, what’s covered in a sports psychology phd program, how much does a phd in sports psychology cost, job placement and alumni network, cost and financial aid, location and career opportunities, faculty expertise, cultural and diversity considerations, what jobs can you do with a phd in sports psychology, how much can you earn with a phd in sports psychology, best sports psychology phd programs.

By psychologyjobs.com Staff Writer

A PhD in Sports Psychology is an advanced academic degree that explores the intersection of psychological principles and physical activity. This field of study delves into how psychological factors affect performance and how participation in sport and exercise affect psychological and physical factors. It typically involves rigorous research and comprehensive study, aiming to prepare graduates for a deep understanding of the mental aspects influencing athletes’ performance, motivation, and the overall impact of physical activity on mental health.

The program usually spans over 3 to 5 years, depending on the student’s pace, the specific requirements of the program, and whether the candidate has already completed a relevant master’s degree .

Core topics include; the psychological aspects of sports performance, motivation, the impact of exercise on mental health, team dynamics, coaching strategies, and the psychological rehabilitation of injured athletes.

The career prospects for PhD holders in Sports Psychology are diverse and promising, reflecting the growing recognition of the importance of mental health and psychological support in sports and exercise contexts. Many choose to pursue academic careers as university professors or researchers . Others work directly with athletes, teams, or sports organizations as sports psychologists , performance consultants, or in athlete development roles. Additionally, some graduates may find opportunities in private practice, offering counseling and psychological services to athletes and individuals seeking to improve their physical activity and mental health.

There are a multitude of reasons why students pursue a PhD in sports psychology, here are a few key reasons to consider it:

Financial and Career Advancement Prospects

A report from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics indicates that psychologists, including those with specializations, have a median annual wage significantly higher than the median for all occupations. While this report does not break down salaries by specialization, an advanced degree such as a PhD typically leads to opportunities in higher-paying roles, such as senior consultant positions, director-level roles in athletic departments, or tenured academic positions.

Furthermore, the unique expertise of sports psychologists positions them for roles not just in sports teams or athletic departments but also in private practice, consulting, and research institutions, offering a broad range of career paths with substantial financial and professional growth potential.

Specialized Demand within a Niche Field

The field of sports psychology specifically caters to a niche yet growing segment of the psychology and sports industry, marked by an increasing understanding of the importance of mental strength and well-being in athletic performance.

According to the Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP), the demand for certified sports psychology consultants has been on the rise, with a noted increase in positions advertised for sports psychologists by collegiate athletic departments and professional sports teams. For instance, the NCAA now recommends or requires access to a sports psychologist for collegiate athletes in many institutions, underlining the growing recognition of mental health’s role in athletic success.

This trend points to a tangible demand for professionals with specialized knowledge and skills in sports psychology, presenting a compelling reason for pursuing a PhD in this field.

Evidence-Based Practice and Research Opportunities

Sports psychology is a field ripe for research and innovation, offering PhD students the chance to contribute to evidence-based practices that directly impact athletes’ performance and well-being.

For example, a systematic review published in the “Journal of Applied Sport Psychology” highlights the effectiveness of psychological interventions in enhancing sports performance, with meta-analytic studies showing significant improvements in athletes who receive mental skills training.

By engaging in a PhD program, individuals have the opportunity to conduct research that can further validate and refine these interventions, contributing to the scientific understanding of how psychological factors influence sports performance. This not only benefits the field but also enhances the PhD holder’s credentials as a contributor to cutting-edge research.

• Bachelor’s or Master’s Degree:  A  master’s degree in psychology , sports psychology, or a related field.
• Minimum GPA of 3.0
• Letters of Recommendation
• Personal Statement
• Research Experience:  PhD programs may require applicants to have prior research experience, such as working as a research assistant, conducting independent research projects, or presenting research findings at conferences.
• Interview: Some PhD programs may require applicants to participate in an interview with faculty members to assess their fit for the program.

A PhD in Sports Psychology encompasses a wide range of topics designed to equip students with an in-depth understanding of how psychological factors influence sports, exercise, and physical activity, as well as how these activities impact mental health and human behavior.

Here’s an overview of key topics often covered in a PhD program in Sports Psychology:

• Foundations of Sports Psychology : An introduction to the key principles and theories that underpin sports psychology, including motivation, performance anxiety, focus, and the psychological aspects of injury and recovery.
• Psychological Assessment and Interventions in Sports : Students learn about various psychological assessment tools and intervention strategies used in sports settings. This includes techniques for enhancing motivation, coping with stress and anxiety, improving concentration, and developing mental toughness. Training in intervention methods might also cover counseling athletes, conducting workshops, and implementing team-building exercises.
• Performance Enhancement Techniques : This topic focuses on specific techniques to enhance athletic performance, such as goal setting, visualization, self-talk, and relaxation techniques. Students explore the evidence behind these techniques and learn how to apply them in practice with individual athletes or teams.
• Research Methods and Statistics in Sports Psychology : A critical component of a PhD program, this topic covers advanced research designs, quantitative and qualitative analysis methods, and statistical techniques specific to sports psychology research.
• Sport and Exercise Psychology Across the Lifespan : This area examines how individuals at different stages of life experience and benefit from sport and physical activity. Topics may include youth sports, the psychology of coaching children and adolescents, the impact of exercise on aging, and strategies for promoting lifelong physical activity.
• Social and Cultural Issues in Sports : Students explore how social and cultural factors, including gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status, affect participation in sports and physical activity. This includes studying the role of sports in society, issues of diversity and inclusion in sports, and the psychological impact of these dynamics on athletes.
• Mental Health and Well-being in Sports : Addressing the mental health challenges faced by athletes, including depression, eating disorders, and substance abuse. Students learn about strategies for mental health assessment, prevention, and intervention within athletic populations.
• Dissertation : The culmination of a PhD program involves conducting original research on a topic of choice within sports psychology. This process includes proposal development, data collection and analysis, and dissertation defense. The dissertation allows students to make a substantive contribution to the field of sports psychology.
• Foundations of Sports Psychology : Overview of key concepts, theories, and research in sports psychology.
• Research Methods in Psychology : Introduction to qualitative and quantitative research methods and designs relevant to sports psychology.
• Statistics for Behavioral Sciences : Basic and advanced statistical techniques for analyzing research data in sports psychology.
• Psychological Assessment in Sports : Techniques and tools for assessing athletes’ mental health, skills, and performance.

Second Year

• Advanced Techniques in Performance Enhancement : In-depth study of methods for improving athletic performance, including mental imagery, self-talk, and stress management.
• Biopsychosocial Aspects of Sports : Examination of the biological, psychological, and social factors affecting sports performance and participation.
• Ethics in Sports Psychology : Ethical considerations in the practice and research of sports psychology.
• Elective Course : Students may choose an elective related to their research interests, such as exercise psychology, rehabilitation psychology, or youth sports.
• Counseling and Clinical Interventions in Sports : Approaches and techniques for providing psychological support to athletes and teams.
• Cultural and Diversity Issues in Sports Psychology : Exploration of how culture, race, gender, and sexuality impact sports participation and performance.
• Seminar in Current Topics in Sports Psychology : Discussion of contemporary research, trends, and issues in the field.
• Advanced Research Methods : Further exploration of research methodologies, including experimental designs and mixed methods research.

Fourth Year

• Dissertation Seminar : Guidance on developing a dissertation proposal, conducting research, and writing the dissertation.
• Practicum/Internship in Sports Psychology : Practical experience working with athletes, teams, or sports organizations under supervision.
• Dissertation Research and Writing : Independent research on a chosen topic under the guidance of a faculty advisor.
• Professional Development Workshop : Training in academic publishing, presentation skills, and job market preparation.

According to the APA’s Graduate Study in Psychology report, the average tuition and fees for a PhD program in psychology, which includes specializations such as Sports Psychology, for the 2022-2023 academic year were $11,248 for in-state students at public institutions and $38,686 for out-of-state students at public institutions. Private institutions had an average tuition and fees of $37,124.

While these figures represent the broader discipline of psychology, they provide a useful benchmark for understanding the potential costs associated with pursuing a PhD in Sports Psychology specifically.

It’s crucial for prospective students to consider that many PhD programs in Sports Psychology offer various forms of financial support, including scholarships , assistantships, and fellowships .

What to look for in a PhD program

Choosing the right PhD program in Sports Psychology is a crucial decision that can significantly influence your career path and professional development. Here are several important factors to consider when comparing sports psychology PhD programs:

Investigate the program’s success in placing graduates into relevant career positions. A robust alumni network can be a vital resource for professional opportunities and mentorship after you complete your program. This network can also provide insights into the program’s quality and its recognition in the field of sports psychology.

Tuition and fees for sports psychology PhD programs can vary widely among institutions. It’s essential to consider the program’s cost and the availability of financial aid options such as scholarships , grants, fellowships , and assistantships that can help offset expenses. Additionally, the cost of living in the program’s location should be taken into account, as it can significantly affect your overall financial planning.

The geographic location of the institution can influence your access to internships, practicum sites, and research opportunities in sports psychology. Proximity to sports teams, athletic organizations, and fitness centers can provide valuable practical experience and networking opportunities.

The faculty’s expertise in sports psychology is critical for your academic and professional growth. Look for programs with faculty members who have a strong background in your areas of interest. The availability of research opportunities, including labs and projects, is also crucial as it allows you to gain hands-on experience and contributes to your dissertation work.

A study published in “ Training and Education in Professional Psychology ” emphasized the importance of multicultural competency in psychology training.

Programs that value diversity and inclusivity can offer a richer educational experience and prepare you for working with a wide range of individuals and teams. Diversity in the student body and faculty, as well as coursework that addresses multicultural competencies in sports psychology, are important factors to consider.

A PhD in sports psychology can open up a wide range of career opportunities for individuals interested in the intersection of psychology and sports:

• University Professor or Academic Researcher : With a PhD in Sports Psychology, you can pursue a career in academia, teaching undergraduate and graduate courses related to sports psychology, conducting research, and publishing scholarly articles.
• Sports Psychologist for Professional Teams or Athletes : Sports psychologists work directly with athletes and sports teams to enhance performance, develop mental strategies for competition, manage stress, and cope with the psychological impacts of injury and recovery.
• Performance Consultant : Performance consultants work with athletes, coaches, and sports organizations to apply psychological principles to improve training, performance, and team dynamics. They may operate on a freelance basis or as part of a consulting firm, offering workshops, team-building sessions, and individual coaching on mental skills and resilience.
• Director of Athlete Development or Wellness Programs : Individuals with a PhD in Sports Psychology can lead athlete development or wellness programs for sports organizations, universities, or community sports programs. These roles involve creating and implementing programs that support the mental and emotional well-being of athletes, including career transition programs, life skills development, and mental health resources.
• Researcher in Sports Science Institutes or Organizations : Sports psychologists with a PhD can also work in research institutions or organizations that focus on sports science and medicine. In these roles, they conduct research on various aspects of sports psychology, such as motivation, performance enhancement techniques, the psychological effects of youth sports participation, or the impact of exercise on mental health.
• University Professor or Academic Researcher : $95,000
• Sports Psychologist for Professional Teams or Athletes : $82,500
• Performance Consultant : $75,000
• Director of Athlete Development or Wellness Programs : $85,000
• Researcher in Sports Science Institutes or Organizations : $80,000

Sport Psychology PhD Programs: Ranking the Top 6

Table of Contents

6 Sports Psychology PhD Programs

1.  purdue university sport and exercise psychology.

You can earn a Doctor of Philosophy in Sport and Exercise Psychology at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana. The university is accredited by the APA and NCACS. Another doctorate program offered is Dual Doctor of Philosophy in Sport and Exercise Psychology and Master of Public Health. Purdue University’s sport psychology PhD programs are research-focused. Topics covered include sport and exercise psychology, human development, statistics, and research methods. The coursework is tailored to each student’s interests and prior experience. It takes about four years to complete Purdue’s sports psychology PhD program. Tuition for residents is around $5,000 for the fall/spring semester. Non-residents usually pay around $14,400 in tuition. Summer tuition is $7,000 for non-residents and $2,500 for residents.

2.  Florida State University Sport Psychology

3.  springfield college sport and exercise psychology, 4.  oregon state university graduate studies in sport and exercise psychology, 5.  university of north texas ph.d. counseling psychology with an emphasis in sport psychology.

At the University of North Texas, you can earn a PhD in counseling psychology with a sport and exercise psychology concentration. You’ll learn the basics of practical counseling psychology and acquire the necessary skills and experience for working with athletes. During the doctorate program, you’ll be expected to complete a practicum to gain real-world experience working with sports teams and athletes. Applicants to University of North Texas’ sports psychology PhD program must have a 2.8 GPA from an undergraduate program or a 3.4 GPA from a master’s program, a resume, as well as a statement of career goals.

6.  University of the Rockies Doctor of Psychology, Sport, and Performance Psychology

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Online Doctorate (Ph.D.) in Sports Psychology

Pursuing a doctorate degree (Ph.D.) in sports psychology is a significant step for individuals looking to advance their careers in this specialized field. An online doctorate program provides an opportunity to gain in-depth knowledge, conduct advanced research, and become a sports psychologist . In this article, we will explore the key aspects of an online doctorate in sports psychology, including the program structure, curriculum details, online availability, and the typical prerequisites for admission.

What Is a Ph.D. Doctorate Degree in Sports Psychology?

A doctorate in sports psychology is the highest level of academic achievement across all sports psychology degrees . It is designed to prepare students for advanced research, teaching positions, and leadership roles in sports psychology. Ph.D. doctorate programs typically require many credits – often taking anywhere from 4 to 6 years to complete – and consist of coursework, research, and clinical experiences. These programs are offered by universities and institutions that specialize in sports psychology education and research.

Individuals pursuing a Ph.D. in sports psychology have a strong passion for the field and a desire to contribute to its advancement. They seek to deepen their understanding of psychological principles and their application to sports performance, mental health, and athlete well-being. Additionally, a doctorate in sports psychology opens doors to career opportunities in academia, research institutions, sports organizations, and private practice.

Sports Psychology Ph.D. vs. PsyD

When researching doctorate programs in sports psychology, students will mainly come across the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) program. A Ph.D. in sports psychology places a significant emphasis on research, scholarship, and advancing knowledge in the field. Ph.D. programs typically involve conducting original research, completing a dissertation, and publishing scholarly articles. This degree is well-suited for individuals interested in pursuing careers in research, academia, or leadership roles in sports psychology.

Some schools, however, will offer a doctorate in the form of a Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) degree. For sports psychology, this is most commonly offered as a dual degree option with a PsyD in Clinical Psychology in conjunction with a Master’s in Sports Psychology. It is rare to find a standalone PsyD program in sports psychology. Both Ph.D. and PsyD programs are equivalent in terms of academic level of prestige. Historically, the Ph.D. is focused more on academic and research pursuits, while the PsyD is more focused on clinical practice.

Doctorate in Sports Psychology Curriculum & Tuition

It’s crucial to select a sports psychology doctorate program approved by an accrediting body such as the American Psychological Association (APA) to ensure quality and professionalism and be eligible for licensure and certification .

The curriculum of a Ph.D. program in sports psychology varies between institutions but generally includes a combination of coursework, research, and clinical experiences. The curriculum is designed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of sports psychology theories, research methodologies, and applied practices. Here are some common topics and courses that may be covered:

• Advanced Sport and Exercise Psychology
• Psychosocial Aspects of Sports Performance
• Sport Psychology Consulting and Intervention
• Research Design and Methodology
• Applied Statistics in Sports Psychology
• Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches in Sports Psychology
• Professional Ethics and Legal Issues in Sports Psychology

Like the master’s degree in sports psychology, a doctorate program will also usually require a hands-on practicum or internship, and many will also require a written thesis or dissertation to complete the degree.

Tuition for online Ph.D. programs in sports psychology can vary significantly depending on the institution and program structure. It is essential to research specific universities and contact their admissions or financial aid offices to obtain accurate tuition information. For example, some online doctorate programs may have an average tuition range of $30,000 to $50,000 per year, although this can vary.

Can I Get a Doctorate Degree in Sports Psychology Online?

Yes, online options are available for individuals interested in pursuing a Ph.D. in sports psychology. Online doctorate programs offer flexibility and convenience, allowing students to complete coursework and engage in research activities remotely. However, it is essential to note that some program components, such as in-person clinical experiences or dissertation defenses, may require campus visits or residencies.

Other highlights of an online Ph.D. in Sports Psychology include:

• Online Ph.D. programs in sports psychology utilize advanced online learning platforms for interactive discussions, virtual lectures, and collaboration.
• This format allows students to access course materials and participate in class activities at their own pace.
• Online programs are attractive for working professionals or those with other commitments, but check with your program advisor to see if working while enrolled in the program is recommended.
• Flexibility in scheduling and pace is a key advantage of online Ph.D. programs in sports psychology.
• The virtual format facilitates collaboration among students and faculty members.

Doctorate Degrees in Sports Psychology Program Prerequisites

Admission requirements for online doctorate programs in sports psychology can vary depending on the institution. However, there are common prerequisites that applicants should be prepared for. These typically include:

• A master’s degree in sports psychology , general psychology, or a related field
• A bachelor’s degree in sports psychology or a related field
• Transcripts from previous educational institutions
• Letters of recommendation from academic or professional references
• Statement of purpose or personal statement outlining career goals and research interests
• Resume or curriculum vitae (CV) highlighting relevant experience
• Graduate Record Examination (GRE) scores (varies by program)
• Interview or admission essay (may be required by some programs)

It is essential to review the specific admission requirements of the programs you are interested in and contact their admissions offices for further guidance.

List of Sports Psychology Ph.D. Degree Programs

Browse our state-by-state list of sports psychology Ph.D. doctorate degrees to find a program near you.

Jump to Your State Listings

The university of arizona global campus.

• Sport Performance Psychology Specialization

University of Arkansas

• Ph.D. in Health, Sport and Exercise with Exercise Science Concentration

University of Northern Colorado

• Social Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity PhD

Indiana University-Bloomington

• Ph.D. Sport and Performance Psychology Campus

Michigan State University

• Ph.D. Concentration in Psychosocial Aspects of Sport and Physical Activity

The University of Tennessee-Knoxville

• PhD Sport Psychology and Motor Behavior Specialization

West Virginia

West virginia university.

• Ph.D. in Sport, Exercise and Performance Psychology Campus

University of Wisconsin-Madison

• Kinesiology, Ph.D. in Exercise Psychology

Are we missing your school's program or need to update information listed? Please contact us so we can make the necessary changes.

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How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD in Psychology?

Ariel Skelley/Getty Images 

• How Long Will It Take?

Before You Earn PhD in Psychology

Which type of degree should you get, can you finish your degree early.

Just how long does it take to get a PhD in psychology? The answer can vary depending on your program, educational background, and academic schedule. In general, most PhD psychology programs take anywhere from five to seven years to complete.

Learning more about what it takes to get a doctorate in psychology can help you better plan your educational and career journey.

At a Glance

Getting a PhD in psychology can take several years of graduate study. If you are thinking about becoming a psychologist, research your degree options to figure out what type of degree you need and how long it will take to enter your chosen profession. No matter what you decide, plan to spend anywhere from three to seven years in graduate school to earn a doctorate.

How Long Will It Take to Get a Doctorate Degree?

How long it takes to get a doctorate in psychology depends on various factors, including the type of degree you have selected, your educational background, and the individual doctorate program in which you have enrolled.

Most doctorate programs in psychology take between four to seven years to complete.

PhD in Psychology

Most PhD programs require at least five to seven years to complete. These programs often follow a scientist-practitioner model that trains professionals both in research and clinical practice.

In addition to regular coursework, you may also be expected to complete an internship or supervised residency. The program usually culminates in completing an original research project or dissertation.

PsyD Degree

Most PsyD programs require between four to six years to complete. A PsyD is a degree designed to train professionals to apply psychological knowledge to treating and helping people in real-world settings.

According to the American Psychological Association, PsyD programs focus more on applying psychological science, usually in the form of service.  

Most EdD programs require between three to five years to complete. EdD programs are often focused on psychology, counseling, or counselor education. They explore topics that involve both education and psychology.

It is important to note that many applicants to EdD programs already hold a master's degree in a related field. This differs from applicants to PhD and PsyD programs, who often begin their program of study with a bachelor's degree.

Before you begin your academic journey, it is a good idea to look at just how long it will take you to complete your degree. The amount of time it will take can depend upon various factors, including:

• Your chosen specialty area
• The program you select
• The course load you can take each semester

A doctorate-level degree in psychology is required to work in many job areas, including as a licensed clinical psychologist or counseling psychologist. According to the American Psychological Association, a doctorate degree is also often required in fields such as school psychology or health psychology .

So how long does it take to get a PhD in Psychology ? First, it is essential to realize that the degree requirements can vary depending on the field that you decide to pursue. A PhD, or Doctor of Philosophy degree is not necessarily your only option. In some cases, you might want also to consider the PsyD (Doctor of Psychology) or the EdD (Doctor of Education) degree options.

The PhD, PsyD, and EdD are all great options, but don't let how long it takes to complete be the primary deciding factor. Before you decide to get a doctorate degree, start by deciding which type of degree is most suited to your professional goals.

If you want to conduct research:

A PhD in Psychology tends to focus on a research-based model of education. People with a PhD in Psychology are qualified for a wide range of teaching, research, and clinical positions in colleges, universities, hospitals, government offices, and private mental health practices.

If you want to treat mental health issues:

The PsyD degree option generally focuses on a practitioner-based model of education. Individuals with a PsyD degree can also teach or conduct psychology research, but they frequently work in applied settings to provide direct mental health services.

If you want to apply psychology to help students:

Finally, there is also a third doctorate option that you might also want to consider depending on your career goals. If you are interested in working as a school psychologist or in a related educational field, the EdD, or Doctor of Education, is a possible option.

Despite the years of work, earning your PhD, PsyD, or EdD can be well worth the effort. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics suggests that workers with a doctoral or education specialist degree in clinical, counseling, and school psychology will find the strongest job opportunities.

Generally, if you have a strong background in psychology and have completed all of the necessary prerequisites, you can finish your doctorate sooner than students who have not taken the prerequisite courses.

Carefully planning your degree can also help ensure you complete the program requirements quickly.

Be sure you have a clear idea of what you want to do with your psychology degree once you've completed it. Do you want to teach, or is research more appealing to you? Are you interested in seeing clients, or are you planning to combine your training in psychology with another field, such as law or medicine?

If you need help deciding, make an important with an academic advisor at your school. They can help you explore your options and answer any questions you may have.

What This Means For You

No matter the degree you decide to pursue, earning a doctorate in psychology requires a significant investment of time, money, and effort. Because of this, it is essential to carefully consider your goals before deciding on a graduate program. You should also think about whether you need a doctorate or if a master's might be more appropriate.

Gee DG, DeYoung KA, McLaughlin KA, et al. Training the next generation of clinical psychological scientists: A data-driven call to action .  Annu Rev Clin Psychol . 2022;18:43-70. doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081219-092500

Loyola University. Can I get my Psy.D. without a Master's in Psychology?

American Psychological Association. Doctoral degrees in psychology: How are they different, or not so different ?

Franklin University. Is getting a Doctorate in Education worth it?

American Psychological Association. Frequently asked questions about graduate school .

Bureau of Labor Statistics. Psychologists . Occupational Outlook Handbook .

Carr, A. Clinical Psychology: An Introduction . London: Routledge; 2012.

Kuther, TL. The Psychology Major's Handbook . Boston, MA: Cengage Learning; 2016.

By Kendra Cherry, MSEd Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

College of Applied Human Sciences: School of Sport Sciences

Sport, Exercise and Performance Psychology, -->PhD -->

The PhD program in Sport, Exercise and Performance Psychology at WVU is recognized as one of the premier training programs in the world.

It provides students with a comprehensive curriculum delivered by highly qualified faculty. The program combines academic rigor, extensive research experiences and applied consulting opportunities to train highly competent, well-rounded future sport, exercise and performance psychology professionals.

Students initiate their own line of research, work with faculty to produce publishable manuscripts, and complete three research benchmarks in addition to their dissertation. Furthermore, students take part in supervised applied experiences working within a range of different sport, exercise and performance settings, including Division I, II and III athletic programs.

This PhD program, which includes a concurrent master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling , allows individuals to sit for counseling licensure upon graduation. With this combination of research and applied aspects of sport, exercise and performance psychology, the program prepares students for careers as sport psychology consultants, researchers and future faculty members. Students may also apply for a science track with more emphasis on research, which does not include the master's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling.

Many students work 20 hours a week during the semester as a graduate assistant, either teaching, providing service or conducting research. In return for these contributions, graduate assistants receive a tuition waiver and stipend.

This program is delivered in-person and requires full-time residency in Morgantown for the majority of the 3-4 year program.

Your Degree Plan

The PhD program in Sport, Exercise and Performance Psychology combines academic rigor, extensive research experiences and applied consulting opportunities to train highly competent, well-rounded sport, exercise and performance psychology professionals.

• Plan of Study

The program combines academic rigor, extensive research experiences and applied consulting opportunities to train highly competent, well-rounded future sport, exercise and performance psychology professionals. The comprehensive curriculum represents the science-practice model of psychology.

Foundational Courses Students complete 65-75 credit hours that cover traditional SEP coursework, professional practice courses and research methods. They will have individual plan of studies meetings to finalize their doctoral curriculum with all courses needed to complete the requirements for the SEP doctoral degree.

Dissertation Throughout the program students select a line of research that coincides with their area of interest. The SEP doctoral degree program culminates with a dissertation research project, exploring an important topic in the field of sport, exercise and performance psychology. The dissertation will be in the form of two or three publishable papers researching the chosen topic, which will be presented in a public forum. The dissertation committee must approve of the dissertation to be fully accepted.

Earn a Dual Degree in Counseling Once admitted into this program, students can opt to dual enroll in the master's degree program in Clinical Mental Health Counseling . Courses for these two programs are completed simultaneously. Upon completion students are eligible to sit for licensure as a licensed professional counselor in most states.

Register now for a webinar this fall

Learn more about the unique features of the program, core faculty and their research interests, and the application process in these 60-minute virtual sessions.

Take advantage of special options related to this major:

Expand your curiosity — and enhance your curriculum — through the WVU Honors College. Two programs are offered: Honors Foundations for first- and second-year students and Honors EXCEL for third- and fourth-year students.

The WVU Difference

What sets this program apart from its competitors?

• 100% of program graduates are employed in the area of their choice.
• Students teach undergraduate classes in sport, exercise and performance psychology.
• Students are expected to produce publishable manuscripts.
• Graduates will be license-eligible and may pursue a counseling or consulting career with full-time applied work.
• Students consult with NCAA Division I, II and III athletic programs, high school and youth sport teams, exercise/health settings and other performance domains.
• Admitted students can dual enroll in the MS in Clinical Mental Health Counseling program and complete both simultaneously.
• The WVU School of Sport Sciences was recently recognized as one of the best in the country by Newsweek.

Learn by Doing

Learning happens outside the classroom. Get involved.

Research and Academic Opportunities

Applied Experiences Students have the opportunity to gain applied experience working with a range of performers, including student-athletes of Division I, II and III athletic programs. As a result, most students accrue more than 400 hours of supervised service provision allowing them to meet the requirements for AASP certification (CMPC). In addition, the dual enrollment in a master's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling allows individuals to sit for counseling licensure upon graduation.

Research The program boasts seven faculty members trained in sport, exercise and performance psychology. These faculty members have different training backgrounds and research specialties (see faculty profiles) allowing them to supervise students with various research interests. Students will have the opportunity to collaborate with those faculty members and are expected to produce publishable manuscripts. In their research, students are encouraged to identify topics that align with their own interests and will help them reach their professional goals.

Student Organizations

Connect with other students who share your academic interests as a member of:

• Sport and Exercise Psychology Graduate Student Club

View all of the student organizations you can join.

Professional Organizations

Network with professionals in your field as a student member of:

• American Psychological Association
• Association for Applied Sport Psychology
• European Federation of Sport Psychology
• International Society of Sport Psychology
• North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity
• Society of Behavioral Medicine

Internships

Graduate Teaching Assistantships

• Basic Instruction Program (BIP)

Graduate Service Assistantships

• WVU Student Recreation Center
• WVU Athletics

Graduate Service/Teaching Assistantships

• University Advising Center

What Skills You'll Take Away With You

Attending college will prepare you for many things. The Sport, Exercise and Performance Psychology major will give you the following skills:

• Analytical skills
• Research skills

What you learn outside of the classroom is just as important as what you learn during class. We’ll help you follow your curiosity.

Careers and Outcomes

How does this degree prepare students for a career?

• Career Profiles
• How We Prepare You

Education Administrators, Postsecondary

Plan, direct or coordinate research, instructional, student administration and services and other educational activities at postsecondary institutions, including universities, colleges and junior and community colleges.

May require a Graduate Degree

Median Salary: $102,610

Possible job titles include: Academic Dean, Dean, Provost, Registrar.

Clinical and Counseling Psychologists

Assess, diagnose and treat mental and emotional disorders of individuals through observation, interview and psychological tests. Help individuals with distress or maladjustment understand their problems through their knowledge of case history, interviews with patients and theory. Provide individual or group counseling services to assist individuals in achieving more effective personal, social, educational and vocational development and adjustment. May design behavior modification programs and consult with medical personnel regarding the best treatment for patients.

Has a Bright Outlook , May require a Graduate Degree

Median Salary: $96,100

Possible job titles include: Clinical Psychologist, Forensic Psychologist, Licensed Clinical Psychologist, Psychologist, Applied Behavior Science Specialist, Child Psychologist, Clinical Therapist, Counseling Psychologist, Licensed Professional Counselor, Psychotherapist, Pediatric Psychologist.

Mental Health Counselors

Counsel with emphasis on prevention. Work with individuals and groups to promote optimum mental and emotional health. May help individuals deal with issues associated with addictions and substance abuse; family, parenting and marital problems; stress management; self-esteem; and aging.

Median Salary: $53,710

Possible job titles include: Clinician, Counselor, Mental Health Counselor, Therapist.

Psychology Teachers, Postsecondary

Teach courses in psychology, such as child, clinical, and developmental psychology and psychological counseling. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.

Median Salary: $82,140

Possible job titles include: Instructor, Professor, Psychology Instructor, Psychology Professor.

Health Specialties Teachers, Postsecondary

Teach courses in health specialties, in fields such as dentistry, laboratory technology, medicine, pharmacy, public health, therapy and veterinary medicine.

Median Salary: $105,650

Possible job titles include: Assistant Professor, Clinical Professor, Physical Therapy Professor, Professor.

Where our grads are working

Graduates leave the program with advanced skills in the areas of research, practice and teaching. WVU boasts one of the largest SEP alumni networks in the nation with former students working in most areas of the sport, exercise and performance psychology profession. Alumni take a genuine interest in current students and their future success. Graduates work in a variety of roles which include sport psychology consultants, researchers and faculty members.

Common career areas:

• Research based faculty positions in sport sciences
• Teaching based faculty positions in sport sciences
• Private practice consulting
• Military consulting
• Public Health

Example employers and job titles of graduates:

• Ian Connole, private practitioner, Senior Associate Athletic Director for Peak Performance, Dartmouth College
• Paul Downey, Associate Athletic Director for Academics, University of Kentucky Intercollegiate Athletics
• Adrian Ferrera, practitioner with special forces soldiers, Fort Bragg
• Aaron Goodson, Assistant Director of Counseling and Sport Psychology, Mississippi State University
• Brandon Harris, Associate Professor, Georgia Southern University
• Jesse Michel, Head Mental Skills Coordinator, Houston Astros
• Raymond Prior, private practitioner, Chicago, Illinois
• Rebecca Zakrajsek, Associate Professor, University of Tennessee

Meet Your Community

The Sport, Exercise and Performance Psychology family will inspire and support you.

• Program Faculty
• Alumni Network

Damien Clement

Professional highlights:

• Fellow, Association for Applied Sport Psychology, 2020-Present
• WVU Foundation Award for Outstanding Teaching, 2015
• Dorothy V. Harris Award, Association for Applied Sport Psychology, 2014
• Outstanding Teacher of the Year Award, WVU College of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, 2013
• Acting Dean, WVU Honors College, August 2019–June 2020

Ashley Coker-Cranney

• Certified Mental Performance Consultant, Association for Applied Sport Psychology
• Licensed Professional Counselor, West Virginia Board of Examiners for Counseling

Peter Giacobbi Jr.

• Research focus on chronic disease risk reduction using digital and other delivery technologies
• Expert in the use of guided imagery in sport and exercise settings, overall well-being and managing health behavior
• Current Google Scholar H-index of 33, Scopus H-index of 23

Dana Voelker

• Steelcase Education Active Learning Center Grant, 2019
• WVU Foundation Award for Outstanding Teachers, 2018
• Association for Applied Sport Psychology Dorothy V. Harris Memorial Award, 2018

• Twice recognized as Most Outstanding Teacher at WVU CPASS, and has mentored over 30 PhD students through degree completion
• Serves as the Dr. Pat Fehl Endowed Professor to focus efforts on the health and wellness of WV citizens
• Published one of the first books on self-awareness in sport, Being Mindful in Sport and Exercise Psychology (2017), with friend and colleague Mark Andersen
• Certified Mental Performance Consultant, Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP)

The SEP faculty helped me develop holistically as a scholar and person, with high expectations and a strong desire to achieve.

My success is a direct result of the training and guidance I received while a student in the SEP program.

Admission Requirements

To be eligible for admission into a graduate program at WVU an applicant must submit official, bachelor's degree transcripts from a regionally accredited institution and hold a GPA of at least 2.75. WVU operates decentralized admissions. Decentralized admissions allows each graduate program to set its own application requirements in addition to the University requirements.

To be eligible for admission into the Sport, Exercise and Performance Psychology graduate program an applicant must submit the following documentation:

• Statement of Purpose
• Letters of Recommendation - Two

Application Requirements

Applicants can seek admission to the doctoral program in Sport, Exercise and Performance Psychology with either a baccalaureate degree or master's degree. To be considered for admission, applicants must upload the following documentation within the graduate application :

• Résumé or CV
• Transcripts from all previous institutions
• Official GRE scores
• Personal statement (1-2 written pages on professional background, goals and reasons for pursuing doctoral degree at WVU, and rationale for potential faculty advisor)
• Two (2) Letters of recommendation

You will not be able to submit your application until the above documents are uploaded. Once the application is submitted and (unofficial/official) transcripts are received, your application will be reviewed for an admission decision. International applicants will not be reviewed with unofficial transcripts.

Prospective students should NOT apply to the dual master's program in Clinical Mental Health Counseling at this time. If accepted into the PhD program, admission fees will be waived.

Please contact the Office of Student Success at 304-293-4800 for more information about the application process.

Additional Application Considerations

Admission application form deadline: December 1. Admission is limited to fall start only.

Applicants are encouraged to submit their application with unofficial transcripts from all previously attended institutions. Submitting unofficial transcripts speeds up the application review process as most graduate programs make admission decisions using unofficial transcripts.

If you are offered acceptance, you are required to submit official transcripts from all previously attended institutions to be fully admitted into your intended graduate program. You will not be able to register for classes until the official transcripts are received. The preferred method to submit your official transcripts is through a secure online service, such as eScript, The National Clearing House or Parchment, to [email protected] .

Alternatively, if you are unable to submit an electronic version of your official transcript, the physical, sealed, un-tampered with documents can be mailed to:

WVU Graduate Admissions, PO Box 6510, Morgantown, WV 26501

WVU Graduate Admissions, 1 Waterfront Place, 2nd Floor, Morgantown, WV 26505

• Applications that are incomplete or are submitted after the deadline may be reviewed if openings remain.
• International applicants must also submit required materials for international applicants .

Review process

Following the application deadline, program faculty will evaluate applicant credentials based on the materials submitted. After that initial review, a limited number of applicants will be invited to personal online and/or on-campus interviews with the program faculty and current students prior to a final admission decision.

Program Contact

If you have any questions about this graduate program, please contact Sam Zizzi at [email protected] .

Informational Webinar

Learn more about the unique features of the program, core faculty and their research interests, and the application process in these 60-minute virtual sessions. Register now.

Application Deadlines

Each graduate program sets their own terms for admission and application deadlines. Applicants can only apply for admission for the terms displayed below. Any questions regarding the application deadline should be directed to the graduate program representative.

• Fall: December 1

Ready to take the next step?

Learn how to join the WVU family.

Request Info

Want to know more about Sport, Exercise and Performance Psychology at WVU? Fill out our request form to receive more information.

​​Experiencing campus is the best way to see if WVU is the right fit. Choose from in-person and virtual options.

Your first step to becoming a Mountaineer is applying for admission using our convenient online application.

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Sport and Performance Psychology Specialization

100% online phd-psy.

Complete your studies on your own time.

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Finish your PhD-PSY in just 20 courses.

The PhD Specialization in Sport and Performance Psychology offers a strong base in theory and research, promotes an awareness of ethics and a respect for diversity, and will help you advance your critical thinking and mental performance coaching skills. Taught by professors who all hold doctoral degrees, you will analyze the latest theories and trends in sport psychology literature and gain an in-depth understanding of the essential applied strategies for enhancing performance. In addition, you will gain advanced knowledge about leadership, motivation, and ethics in sport and performance psychology. Also, you will explore topics related to sport injury and rehabilitation and diversity in sport.

Unmatched Flexibility

NU offers weekly course starts, no scheduled lecture hours, no group assignments, weekly assignments, and the ability to schedule courses around your personal and professional obligations.

100% Doctoral Faculty

No matter the degree level you pursue, you can rest assured that you will be mentored by doctors in your field of study.

One to One Engagement

You won’t have to fight for facetime as one of many within a classroom. At NU, you’ll have the opportunity to interact one to one with your professor, receiving personalized mentoring.

Course Details

Credit Hours : 60

Courses: 20

Estimated Time to Complete: 48 months

*Credit hours and courses reflect new students meeting credit requirements and utilizing no transfer credits. Est. Time of Completion reflects new students following the preferred schedule designed by the Dean for the program.

Learning Outcomes

• Design clear and effective communication for fellow professionals and the public
• Critique diversity issues in professional contexts
• Evaluate ethical principles of psychology in academic and professional issues
• Select psychological principles and research for application to personal, social, and organizational issues
• Evaluate research methods and data analysis in psychology
• Appraise theories and principles in psychology to inform professional contexts

Program Disclosure

Successful completion and attainment of National University degrees do not lead to automatic or immediate licensure, employment, or certification in any state/country. The University cannot guarantee that any professional organization or business will accept a graduate’s application to sit for any certification, licensure, or related exam for the purpose of professional certification.

Program availability varies by state. Many disciplines, professions, and jobs require disclosure of an individual’s criminal history, and a variety of states require background checks to apply to, or be eligible for, certain certificates, registrations, and licenses. Existence of a criminal history may also subject an individual to denial of an initial application for a certificate, registration, or license and/or result in the revocation or suspension of an existing certificate, registration, or license. Requirements can vary by state, occupation, and/or licensing authority.

NU graduates will be subject to additional requirements on a program, certification/licensure, employment, and state-by-state basis that can include one or more of the following items: internships, practicum experience, additional coursework, exams, tests, drug testing, earning an additional degree, and/or other training/education requirements.

All prospective students are advised to review employment, certification, and/or licensure requirements in their state, and to contact the certification/licensing body of the state and/or country where they intend to obtain certification/licensure to verify that these courses/programs qualify in that state/country, prior to enrolling. Prospective students are also advised to regularly review the state’s/country’s policies and procedures relating to certification/licensure, as those policies are subject to change.

National University degrees do not guarantee employment or salary of any kind. Prospective students are strongly encouraged to review desired job positions to review degrees, education, and/or training required to apply for desired positions. Prospective students should monitor these positions as requirements, salary, and other relevant factors can change over time.

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Sports Psychology Degrees & Careers

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A lot of people outside of high-intensity sporting competition had never heard of the yips before the summer of 2021, much less known that the slang term describes a very real, and very serious, mental condition.

But in the summer of 2021 when famed American gymnast Simone Biles inexplicably stumbled during her qualifications at the Olympics held in Japan, sport psychologists watching the event had a pretty good idea what was going on. And when Biles withdrew from the finals of the individual all-round competition, where she was heavily favored to win the gold medal, she cited the “twisties” as her reason.

Twisties, yips, choke… they’re all slang descriptions of what sport psychologists call lost move syndrome. It’s the sudden and inexplicable loss of biomechanical control athletes experience in the heat of competition, despite decades of practice and experience. Whether it’s missing easy free-throws, forgetting how to putt, or, more dangerously, losing control in a mid-air flip, it’s part of the unique set of psychological conditions that sport psychologists exist in order to treat.

Biles picked up three Bronze medals in balance beam competitions at the Olympic games held in 2021, but for many athletes and sport psychologists, her highest prize was earned simply by going public with the condition she was experiencing.

If helping athletes of all calibers and capabilities get past mental blocks like the yips – from Olympians down to individual recreational players – then becoming a sports psychologist could be the right job for you.

What Is Sports Psychology?

How do you become a sports psychologist, what are the education requirements for a sports psychology career, what do sports psychologists do.

Earning a Sports Psychology Degree

Sports Psychology Careers: Salary and Job Prospects

Where Do Sports Psychologists Work?

Ways for sport psychologists to increase their chances as a job candidate.

For many people, playing sports is a fun way to stay fit while scratching that competitive itch. Far more Americans participate in daily physical exercise now than ever before. That upward trend has been tracking for decades now and there’s every reason to believe it will continue now that physical fitness is recognized as the key to every aspect of wellness – including psychological.

A select few of those folks are counted among those living the dream of being selected from a sea of eager athletes to make the elite leagues and circuits of professional sports. But what makes some strive to play sports at a competitive level? What makes some push themselves to their limits for nothing more than the satisfaction of winning? How does playing sports affect people mentally and emotionally?

These are just a few of the questions that sport psychologists try to answer.

Sports psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on how individuals are affected by playing sports as well as how to improve a person's mindset in order to excel at sport and exercise.

A sport psychologist understands that individuals who play sports must be healthy in both their bodies and minds in order to succeed. At times, some athletes need help overcoming psychological issues that do not allow them to play to their full potential. Reducing stress and extreme anxiety before events often leads to better athletic performance.

Sport psychologists often work with several different types of athletes, from amateurs to professionals. Athletes might seek out these professionals on their own, or coaches might bring in sports psychologists for that extra edge in competition. According to one study, the majority of Olympic athletes have used several different types of psychological treatments to reduce anxiety before performances.

But learning how to become a sports psychologist doesn’t just mean working with elite athletes. Although pro athletes are the ones most likely to seek out professional psychologists, they’re definitely not the only ones that could something out of a session with a sport psychologist. In fact, anyone in in the upper echelons of a high-stress, high-stakes and highly competitive field might benefit from a few counseling sessions with a sport psychologist. This can include business people, performing artists, and politicians.

The same techniques could work just as well for a CEO making strategic decisions on a major acquisition or a performing artist gearing up for big opening night as it would for a quarterback putting together plays in a high-stakes playoff game. Sports psychology has applications anywhere that physical effort mixes with mental focus.

What Are the Three Major Topics in Sports Psychology?

When entering the workforce, sport psychologists typically focus on one of three primary specialties:

• Applied Sports Psychology: Concentrates on teaching the skills necessary for enhancing athletic performance, which includes goal-setting and imagery.
• Clinical Sports Psychology: Blends mental training strategies and psychotherapy as a way to assist clients suffering from mental health problems, such as anxiety, depression, or eating disorders.
• Academic Sports Psychology: Involves conducting research or teaching at the college or university level.

Sport psychology can be used to help understand what motivates athletes and what makes them perform better. Professionals in this field are very knowledgeable and compassionate regarding the challenges and pressures that most athletes face today. Athletes that take advantage of counseling from a sport psychologist will often be better contenders and have more fulfilling careers.

A combination of physical education and psychology is essential for starting a sport psychology career. You’ll need to earn an advanced college degree in the field to have any real shot at a career in sports psychology, which means a master’s degree or higher. And you need to have an on-the-ground, sweat-soaked, muscle-burning familiarity with kinesiology and physiology too.

The combination of knowledge and command of mental and physical processes is what makes sports psychologists unique in the field.

Many sports psychologists also have to hold a license from their state in order to practice clinical psychology. That level of licensure requires a doctorate in psychology at a minimum, along with a year or two of post-doctoral practice and passing scores on a national standard test, the EPPP (Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology).

The basic outline for your education is the same for any licensed clinical psychologist. Below is the complete educational path to qualifying for licensure:

A combination of physical education and psychology is essential for starting a sport psychology career. Some colleges and universities might offer  sport psychology bachelor’s degree programs , which include a blend of psychology courses and physical education courses. A sport psychology career, however, can also usually be started with a bachelor's degree in general psychology. A few aspiring sport psychologists, however, may even be able to begin their careers with a bachelor's degree in physical education.

Because there are very few permanent sport psychology positions available for those with bachelor’s degrees, most individuals pursuing sport psychology careers also usually earn advanced degrees as well. Many universities offer master's and doctoral degree programs in sport psychology.

Certification and Licensing for Sports Psychology

There aren't any specific regulations about sports psychologists on the books. But almost all sports psychologists should expect to earn licensure as a clinical psychologist. It is important to check with the state board of licensing where you want to practice for licensing requirements and examinations.

"Becoming licensed can be valuable as employers tend to like hiring those who can work with sport and other personal issues. Also, it may be good to become a Certified Consultant, AASP." -Judy L. Van Raalte, Ph.D.

Voluntary national certification is a step beyond licensure that serves to highlight your specialized training and expertise specific to sport psychology. The certification process usually involves proving your educational credentials, passing a subject-specific test in sports psychology, and verifying some level of experience actually working in the field. In some cases, you’ll have to get even more familiar with the field through training seminars, and even collect some professional references. This all signals to potential clients or employers that you are the cream of the crop in sport psychology, putting you at the front of the line for jobs.

The Association of Applied Sport Psychology, for example, offers certification as a Certified Mental Performance Consultant (CMPC). The CMPC is open to not only psychologists but also counselors and educators.

You can also become a Board-certified Sport Psychologist through the American Board of Sport Psychology. This credential is restricted to doctorally-qualified psychologists so it comes with even more stringent qualifications.

You Have to Be a Natural To Become a Great Sports Psychologist

But there’s something else that’s just as important as meeting all the degree, background experience and licensure requirements if you’re serious about learning how to become a sports psychologist. And it’s the one thing that can’t be learned in school. Any coach knows that training and focus can put you over the top, but it all has to start with being a natural. Just like with elite athletes, the best in the business often catch the eye of the recruiters in the stands because of the natural talent and unceasing drive they were born with.

"I was contacted by a professional sports team to help with selection. They were looking for the intangibles associated with success. The process included developing a personality measurement as well as looking at the belief system of successful athletes. We even added a measure of sociopathy to make sure they were not selecting people who would ruin the clubhouse atmosphere. This process goes beyond motivation and visualization commonly associated with sports psychologists." – Dave Popple Ph.D., President of Corporate Insights

Performance anxiety and burnout are other common problems many athletes face, no matter how talented they are.

Depending on the situation, a sport psychologist might work with athletes one-on-one or in groups. Teams, for instance, will often benefit from group therapy, since the members of the team must work together in order to win.

A sport psychologist will often lend a non-judgmental ear to frustrated and overwhelmed athletes. Sometimes, just the act of talking about certain negative situations can be all that is necessary to overcome them.

Most times, however, a sport psychologist will offer ongoing advice and guidance on how to overcome these problems. They may recommend a little rest and relaxation for the burnt-out athlete, or maybe teach an overly anxious athlete several different relaxation exercises to perform before each game or match. They might offer up visualization techniques to help tune out distractions in the heat of the moment, as the pressure on the field ratchets higher.

Some sport psychologists might also work closely with athletes who have suffered injuries as well. According to Johns Hopkins, there are around 3.5 million sports-related injuries among children and teens alone each year. Physical injuries can be a big mental health problem for anyone. But for world-class athletes who make their living with their body, an injury that puts them out of commission comes with a whole lot of extra baggage. On top of worries about their health, their career and livelihood may be up in the air.

Depending on the severity of the injury, a sport psychologist may attempt to help a recovering athlete segue back into their career with as little stress as possible. Some athletes don't have this choice, however, and they may need the help of a sport psychologist to help them deal with the fact that they may not be able to play their sport with as much talent and drive as they had at one time.

Earning a Sports Psychology Degree – Bachelor’s, Master’s and Doctorate Options

But there’s a big reason most people never do it. It’s a very competitive field that takes a high level of education to get into. And once you get into it, it takes all your drive and knowledge to succeed.

Considering that most sports psychology careers will require a master's or doctoral-level sports psychology degree, it is best for students to consider a bachelor's degree to be the foundation of their education. If you are interested in pursuing a master's level sports psychology degree, there are a number of undergraduate opportunities that would help set you up for graduate work in the field.

You had better bring your A game when you go to school to earn your sports psychology degree.

A student applying to study biomechanics should have at least some background coursework in physics, and an exercise physiology student should have a background in biological sciences. Similarly, a sport and exercise psychology student should have some coursework showing a background in psychology. This doesn't necessarily mean majoring in psychology, but a background is helpful.

Typical courses in the undergraduate curriculum would be:

• Human Anatomy
• General Psychology
• Introductory Nutrition
• Motor Control and Learning
• Exercise Physiology

Bachelor’s Degree in Sports Psychology

Of course, you need to start this process with a four-year bachelor’s degree. The natural choice is from one of the sports psychology undergraduate programs available out there.

The right bachelor’s program helps set the stage for success later on by giving you a basic grounding in anatomy, physiology, psychology, and sports science. On top of that, a four-year sports psychology degree offers a solid foundation in the essential elements of a modern liberal arts education that employers count on for well-rounded employees. Social studies, history, communication skills, and the other basics help give you a solid start in critical thinking skills that help out in any kind of career.

You will find that bachelor’s-level sports psychology degrees are few and far between, however. You can broaden your horizons to prepare for an advanced degree with a bachelor’s in kinesiology or psychology, each of which may offer concentrations in the other as part of the program.

Master’s Degree in Sports Psychology

A master's in psychology  is where you start to get more serious about in-depth sports psychology studies. Although these degrees typically last only two years, they are packed with advanced coursework in what makes athlete’s tick and how to tinker with their thought processes to get more out of their performance.

A sports psychology degree at the master’s level will include subjects like:

• Psychology of injury rehabilitation
• Psychosocial processes in sports and physical activity
• Sport sociology
• Psychology of exercise and health

A master’s-level sports psychology degree is where you’ll really start to plumb the depths of the latest knowledge in the field, engaging in research projects with your professors along the way. Then you’ll learn how to design and evaluate your own studies. Practicum and internship opportunities at this level and beyond are longer and more intensive. You’ll get legit hands-on experience in real sports facilities and working with college or professional teams.

Many going into the field skip the master’s level sports psychology degree entirely, however. If you plan to go on to earn a doctorate to become a full-fledged clinical sport psychologist, you’ll typically earn the master’s-level sports psychology degree in the process, or at least complete a curriculum equivalent to a master’s. Although you can shave two years off the doctoral program by earning a master’s first, many people choose to take on all the training at once.

Doctoral Degree in Sports Psychology

A doctoral degree program in sports psychology is what you need to be aiming for if you plan to practice serious clinical sports psychology at a professional level. Every state requires a doctoral degree in order to license clinical psychologists. Beyond that, the four to seven years you will spend in a doctoral program is the only place to get the depth of education you really need to succeed in a competitive field like sports psychology.

Technically, your sports psychology degree will actually be a PsyD or a PhD in psychology, with a concentration in sports or sports and performance psychology.

A PsyD in Sports Psychology is considered to be more practice-oriented, while a PhD in Sports Psychology is usually more academic and research-oriented.

You will receive the same core education as other doctoral psychology students, including coursework in advanced assessment, psychotherapy techniques, group practice, and the cognitive and affective bases of behavior.

But you’ll build on those foundations of psychological practice with additional courses such as:

• Advanced performance enhancement
• Advanced psychomotor development and kinesiology
• Sports and athletic rehabilitation
• Advanced group dynamics in sports settings
• Business and ethics in sports psychology

To cap it off, earning a doctoral-level sports psychology degree will require you to complete either a dissertation or doctoral project to demonstrate your ability to put all that training together. You’ll be expected to come up with original ideas and to conduct research to support them and present your case to a dissertation committee before you can graduate.

Online Sports Psychology Degrees

Ready to start your career as a sports psychologist? Find a sports psychology degree program near you!

Sports Psychology Careers

But sport psychologists have a lot of options when it comes to crafting their career. You can specialize in certain types of sports, or in working with student athletes, or even advising major sporting regulation organizations on rules and standards. You may not want to work in an office, but if you do, that’s definitely an option.

And exercise and performance enhancement aren’t just relevant to organized sports. Individuals recovering from something as simple as a jogging injury in purely recreational circumstances might need a sport psychologist. There are opportunities all over the country to craft your own career in sport psychology.

How Much do Sports Psychologists Make

The US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), a subsidiary of the Department of Labor, doesn’t independently track the salary rate for psychologists who specialize in sports psychology. Instead, sports psychologists could be in a category called psychologists, all other (a catch-all for psychologists working outside of clinical, educational, industrial, and counseling settings). As of May 2022, the BLS-reported median annual salary for this group is $106,420 .

However, some sports psychologists work in clinical settings and may be grouped in with clinical and counseling psychologists. The BLS reports the median annual salary for this group as $90,130 .

Since sports psychologists are an elite group even with clinical psychology practice, it makes more sense to look even higher in the salary range. Psychologists in the top ten percent of the field made more than $132,070 in 2020.

What is the Annual Average Salary for a Sports Psychologist?

The mid-point figures above show where the line is between the upper and lower half of salaries in the field. But the top 10% of earners in the BLS’s all other category earn upwards of $138,000. In the clinical group, the highest-paid professionals earn more than $168,000. Because of that large range, figuring out the annual average salary for sports psychologists proves difficult.

To nail down the brass tacks of the full range of salaries sports psychologists can earn in various settings, we talked to some people who are actually responsible for hiring sports psychologists, or retaining their services on a contract basis.

In private practice, the sports psychologist salary range is quite wide. According to Mark Aoyagi, director of sport and performance psychology at the University of Denver, sports psychology is still a boutique service that caters to individual clients who pay for the services out of their own pockets.

According to estimates from Scott Goldman, the director of clinical and sport psychology at the University of Arizona, the sport psychologist salary in university athletic departments can be $60,000 to $80,000 a year depending on location and the highest salaries can exceed $100,000 annually.

What is the Career Outlook for Sports Psychologists?

As a field, psychology as a whole is a rock-solid institution that is as much a part of the economy as the broader healthcare sector. That means job growth typically tracks with broader trends and isn’t subject to the ups and downs seen in many other professions. In the same way that there will always be a consistent demand for healthcare services, there will be a demand for mental health services.

The BLS projects that we’ll see a 6% increase in the number of jobs opening up for psychologists during the run-up to 2031. Though you won’t find reliable job growth projections for sports psychologists specifically, or any other niche area of psychology for that matter, it’s very reasonable to conclude that it will track closely with the field as a whole.

It can also be surmised that as the world continues to embrace health and fitness as a key part of overall psychological wellness, the demand could be particularly strong for sports psychologists. And because sports psychologists represent such a small subgroup of the psychology field, there specialized services will be considered all the more valuable.

Is Sports Psychology a Good Career?

Sports psychology is as much a calling as a career. Although some sports psychologists make excellent money, it’s also a challenging and extremely competitive field. You have to love it and you have to be good at it. Not everyone has that combination of talent and drive, but if you do, sports psychology is really the only career for you.

Your picture of the life of a sports psychologist probably involves working for an NBA team or hanging out in the desert each spring for Cactus League tune-ups. And there are many sports psychologists who do work in pro sports and work in the major and minor leagues of every sport.

But there are many people in the field who have successful practices serving clients outside of the more popular and traditional roles. Sport psychologist careers typically involve working in facilities that cater to and accommodate athletes of all different shapes, sizes, and ages.

High schools and colleges might hire a sport psychologist to talk with and counsel their student athletes, for instance. Sport psychologists can also usually find employment at hospitals, physical rehabilitation centers, and gyms. Some are employed by national bodies that govern particular sports, or work with national Olympic teams.

Sports psychologists can also choose to open their own practices, much like most other psychologists. Like any kind of psychologist, finding a good fit between client and therapist is a must, so athletes may prefer to shop around for someone who works well for them.

"Some start their own private practice which can be a pretty big undertaking and takes a lot of hard work and patience…[find] a niche that separates [you] from others in the field. Find an area of specialization that expresses your love and passion for sports and being of service to athletes."   -Robert B. Andrews, M.A., LMFT, CSC Founder and Director of The Institute of Sports Performance in Houston, TX.

Some of the career options available to a sports psychologist include:

• Becoming a mental training consultant, working with athletes and teams to teach mental training techniques and team-building strategies.
• Providing consulting services to coaches and support staff to help create a team environment that achieves a maximum level of healthy motivation and trust.
• Working at a high school or college as an academic counselor (or academic coordinator) for student-athletes.
• Working with athletes at a sport medicine clinic.
• Educating the public as a sport psychology lecturer.
• Pursuing a doctorate in sport and exercise or clinical psychology, and becoming a staff sports psychologist at a sports organization or university.
• Establishing a private practice to counsel athletic clients on how to set goals, stay focused, better manage their energy, and develop effective pre-performance routines.

"Our alumni also work in other professional settings such as master resilience trainer/ performance expert with the U.S. Army, head coaches at various colleges, and program coordinator through the national First Tee Youth Golf Program, to name a few." – Judy L. Van Raalte, Ph.D., Professor of Psychology at Springfield College

As a sport psychology student,  pursuing some independent study  with your college’s sports teams will provide extremely valuable hands-on observational experience and valuable insight on how athletic teams work both on and off the field.

You could find yourself helping injured athletes recover from the mental and emotional impact of sports related injuries, or be part of the coaching staff’s effort to go all the way in a championship series. And if you show promise, it could turn into a full-time position.

Here’s some suggestions on how you might be able to make that dream a reality:

• Demonstrate the willingness to learn:  Taking CEU courses relevant to an area of expertise and interest is one way to highlight a desire to continue growing as a professional.
• Be an expert source of important information:  Many coaches stay in touch with sports psychology student volunteers who present the coaching staff with relevant research findings. If they make room for another position, that’s the kind of person who is going to get the call.
• Become visible in the field:  Attending conferences, participating in workshops, and word-of-mouth advertising is beneficial for sports psychologists looking for work.

"I never would have said this four or five years ago, but social media is such a huge part of my successful practice. I use Constant Contact, Twitter, Facebook, blogging, and have built a really great website." –Robert B. Andrews, M.A.

Keeping abreast of the latest therapy techniques and research related to sport psychology is a good way to increase desirability as a job applicant too.  Subscribing to professional journals, reading books, and attending professional seminars  are excellent ways to further expand your expertise in the field.

A few journal suggestions include:

• Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology
• Journal of Applied Sport Psychology
• The Sport Psychologist

" Get involved. I always pay particular attention to the students who contact me and have experience in the field in some way. They are pursuing a degree in psychology, participating in sports at the college level, working with little league organizations in their area as a volunteer, public speaking on topics that they have interest and passion about, etc." –Robert B. Andrews, M.A.

Sports Psychology Continuing Education (CE)

Earning your degree isn’t the end of your education in sports psychologyTo keep your license as a clinical psychologist, every state requires you to go out and continue to study in the field. That’s also true of certifications, which often have to be renewed with proof of continuing education.

Even if you are working in a role that doesn’t require you to hold full authority psychology licensure, the state-of-the-art in both sports and psychology are constantly evolving so you have to put in work to keep up. Clients want to hire sports psychologist that can give them the ultimate edge, and are going to be looking for professionals who are up on the absolute latest knowledge in the field. That means continuing education is going to be a part of your life for the rest of your career.

In addition to state-approved CE programs for psychologists, the American Psychological Association also offers continuing education options for sport psychologists on diverse and important topics, which in the past have included seminars and literature such as:

• Body Image, Eating Disorders, and Obesity in Youth: Assessment, Prevention, and Treatment
• Human Aggression and Violence: Causes, Manifestations, and Consequences
• Motivational Interviewing

Networking Organizations and CE Sources - Should You Join a Professional Association for Sports Psychologists?

Joining a professional association can give you access to awesome regional networking opportunities that can include everything from casual gatherings and fundraising events to full-on multi-day seminars. They make it easy to find continuing education opportunities as well as uncover new research and find job opportunities.

And attending professional conferences sponsored by these organizations   is an effective way to meet and network with niche-related colleagues, including students, educators, and other psychology professionals – through workshops, lectures, athletic presentations, keynote speakers, and symposiums. Many conferences also provide a way for psychologists to earn continuing education credits.

Sport psychology is one of the specialty areas recognized by the American Psychological Association. The APA even has a dedicated arm specific to sports psychology known as Division 47, the Society for Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology offering networking and resources at the national level for sports psychologists, and even fellowship opportunities for practitioners who are conducting cutting edge research and making important contributions to the field.

Other local and national professional associations and certifying agencies can not only offer continuing education opportunities and help you keep current on the latest developments in the field, but also keep you connected to a strong professional network of thought leaders, innovators and practitioners just like you.

Organizations dedicated solely to sports psychology and sports medicine   that provide additional networking opportunities, conferences and workshops for members are:

• Association for Applied Sport Psychology
• American Board of Sport Psychology
• International Society of Sport Psychology (ISSP)
• American Journal of Sports Medicine
• North American Society for Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity (NASPSPA)

Ready to start your journey to becoming a sports psychologist? Learn which psychology degree program is right for you.

Additional Resources and Further Reading

• Association for Applied Sports Psychology
• International Society of Sports Psychology
• Wikipedia.org - Wilhelm Wundt
• YouTube.com - Sports Psychology Best Practices
• BusinessStudent.com - Sports Marketing Careers

2022 US Bureau of Labor Statistics job market trends and salary figures for clinical psychologists and psychologists (all other) are based on national data, not school-specific information. Conditions in your area may vary. Data accessed June 2023.

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Sport Psychology Degree and Career Guide

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Sport psychology, also called sports psychology or sport and performance psychology, is a proficiency recognized by the American Psychological Association (APA). There are two main degree paths to practicing in the field: a doctoral degree ( PhD or PsyD ) with a specialization (also called concentration, specialty, or emphasis) in sport psychology (leading to licensure as a sport psychologist) or a master’s degree with optional certification (leading to other non-clinical jobs in the field).

In all states, becoming a licensed sport and performance psychologist requires a doctoral degree in psychology with a postdoctoral specialization in sport and performance-related topics. Psychologists training to work in sports and performance commonly specialize in applied sport psychology, clinical sports psychology, or academic sport psychology. A master’s degree in sport psychology is often paired with certification as a Certified Mental Performance Consultant (CMPC) by the Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP) . Jobs suited for a master’s degree with certification include coaches, trainers, athletic directors, and even business professionals. It is possible to earn an undergraduate degree in sports psychology, but these are typically in preparation to earn a master’s or doctoral degree.

Quick Facts

• There are 12 not-for-profit colleges and universities with sport psychology programs. 1
• No schools offer a certificate in sport psychology. 1
• 1 school offers an associate degree in sport psychology. 1
• 6 schools offer a bachelor’s degree in sport psychology. 1
• 7 schools offer a master’s or advanced degree in sport psychology. 1

Table of Contents

Degree Requirements and Coursework

Graduate programs in psychology and sports psychology typically require a bachelor’s degree with a major in psychology, or a certain number of credits of psychology coursework, and possibly kinesiology or other sports-related courses. Admission requirements include a minimum GPA of 3.0 and higher-than-average scores on the Graduate Record Examination (GRE), as well as references and experience in athletics, coaching, psychology research, or other related environments.

Graduate students studying sport psychology learn the basics of professional psychology and clinical work, as well as topics related to working with athletes and other types of performers. Coursework in a sport psychology program may include:

• Advanced Kinesiology
• Applied Sport Psychology
• Ethics in Sports and Exercise
• Motivational Processes
• Psychology of Athletic Injury
• Sport and Exercise Psychology
• Sports in American Culture
• Stress in Sport and Exercise

Select Sport Psychology Degree Programs

Traditional master’s programs, university of denver.

The University of Denver’s (DU’s) Graduate School of Professional Psychology offers a Master of Arts in Sport and Performance Psychology (MASPP) designed for professionals working in athletics, performing arts, mental health, or health and fitness. The program develops students’ professional skills to work with athletes to improve their performance by examining how psychological factors affect performance and growth. The MASPP program can also prepare individuals to pursue a doctoral degree in sport psychology. The focus of this program is on applied and practical techniques, with hands-on experience through consulting and coaching placements as well as through the Center for Performance Excellence (CPEX), a student-led consultation service supervised by faculty for underserved and minority populations. Students must complete 72 credits of coursework, which is designed to be completed in two years. The program culminates in a master’s project capstone, in which students demonstrate their comprehensive knowledge of sport and performance psychology (SPP) concepts and applications. Applicants to the program must submit transcripts showing a GPA of 3.5 or higher, GRE scores, letters of recommendation, and a personal essay. The University of Denver also offers an online Master of Arts (MA) in Sport Coaching, as well as an online Graduate Certificate in Strength and Conditioning and Fitness Coaching (SCFC).

Springfield College

At Springfield College’s Department of Psychology, there are two options for students of sport psychology: a Master of Science (MS) in Sport and Exercise Psychology with a thesis option and a Master of Education (M.Ed.) in Sport and Exercise Psychology, which is a non-thesis track. The MS degree allows students to pursue their research interests and is recommended for those who plan on continuing to doctoral study. The M.Ed. degree focuses on connecting students with high school and collegiate sports programs and is recommended for students wishing to become Certified Mental Performance Consultants (CMPC) through the AASP; rather than a thesis, this track culminates in a written portfolio and oral defense of their applied work. Admission requirements include undergraduate prerequisites of Anatomy and Physiology I and II as well as Physiology of Exercise. Springfield College also offers a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Sport and Exercise Psychology.

Traditional Doctoral Programs

Purdue university.

Purdue University’s Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Psychology offers an emphasis in Exercise Psychology focusing on research opportunities including maintenance of physical activity; community research partnerships; single bouts of exercise and types of memory in children; and resistance exercise and memory, cognitive performance, and cognitive control. PhD students take approximately four years to complete the program, which includes developing a program of research (thesis/dissertation) that will be complemented by their coursework and contribute to their dissertation. Each student works closely with a supervising faculty member to develop and implement a project that aligns with the faculty’s research. In addition to the research project, students are required to participate in a seminar during their first year, take a comprehensive exam during their third year, and fulfill a publication requirement. Students choose coursework complementary to their field of research and dissertation, including topics in advanced sport psychology, research methods, research analysis, human development, and social psychology. PhD students typically take at least 34 graduate credit hours beyond the master’s degree or 52 graduate credit hours beyond the bachelor’s degree. Admission requirements include transcripts, GRE scores, and letters of recommendation.

Oregon State University

Oregon State University’s (OSU’s) College of Public Health and Human Sciences offers a unique option for those interested in sport psychology graduate study. Students can earn a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Kinesiology with a concentration in Biophysical Kinesiology or Psychosocial Kinesiology. The Biophysical option focuses on biomechanics, exercise physiology, and motor control, while the Psychosocial option focuses on motor development and the sociology and psychology of sport and exercise. The program emphasizes research and focuses on the study of the social psychology of being physically active. Completion of the degree requires 12 credit hours in research core coursework, 18 credit hours in the area of concentration, and additional coursework, bringing the total minimum credit hours for the program to 84. Admission requirements include a minimum undergraduate GPA of 3.0, three letters of recommendation, a resume, and a personal statement. An Adapted Physical Activity option is available as an add-on to the graduate program which prepares graduates to work with people with disabilities. A related Master of Science (MS) in Kinesiology is also offered at Oregon State.

University of North Texas

The University of North Texas (UNT) offers a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Counseling Psychology with an elective cluster in sport psychology. The program gives students a broad education in practical counseling psychology and builds the specific skills and experience needed to work with athletes, coaches, and sports teams. Specialized courses for this program include Exercise and Sport Psychology, Social Psychology of Sport, and Applied Sport Psychology. Students must also complete a practicum, in which they gain real-world experience working with athletes and sports teams under the supervision of a faculty member. Graduates will be prepared to pursue licensure as a psychologist in any state as well as certification as a sport consultant through the AASP. Students entering the program with a master’s degree with at least 15 transferable credit hours can complete the sport psychology program in five years, including the one-year predoctoral internship; students entering with a bachelor’s typically complete the program in six years. Students applying to the program must complete an online application and submit transcripts that prove a minimum of a 3.5 GPA from a master’s program or a 3.0 GPA from an undergraduate program. Students must also submit a resume, letters of recommendation, and a statement of career goals. GRE scores are not required as of May 2023.

Online and Hybrid Programs

Pennwest global online.

PennWest Global Online (PennWest) offers an online Master of Science (MS) in Exercise Science and Health Promotion with a concentration in Sport Psychology. Students in this program enjoy one-on-one mentoring from faculty mentors, along with flexible scheduling options. The PennWest sport psychology concentration is designed for coaches and professionals in fitness or healthcare, equipping them to understand the effects of injury, assist in rehabilitation and recovery, explore performance enhancement and intervention methods, and refer patients to other specialists when necessary. The core 30-credit hour Exercise Science and Health Promotion program can be completed in 12 months of full-time study or 17 months of part-time study. Optional focus areas add 9 to 15 credit hours and include Applied Sport Science; Group Fitness Leadership; Nutrition; Performance Enhancement and Injury Prevention; Wellness and Fitness; Tactical Strength and Conditioning; Wellness Coaching; and Rehabilitation Science. Post-bachelor’s certificates in sport psychology comprising 12 credit hours are offered at PennWest in all of these focus areas as well. Admission requirements include a minimum 2.5 undergraduate GPA, although applicants with lower GPAs are still invited to apply for conditional admission with additional requirements.

National University

National University’s Master of Arts (MA) in Performance Psychology program can be completed online or on-site and focuses on sport science, performance psychology techniques, enhancing performance, and counseling athletes and other performers. Students must complete 15 courses comprising 67.5 quarter credits as well as hands-on experience. Courses are taken in four-week blocks, with multiple start dates offered for maximum flexibility. Students can specialize in Applied Mental Performance or Theoretical Mental Performance. Examples of courses in the program include Performance Enhancement; Assessment Strategies; Mindfulness; Ethics Sport and Performance Psychology; and Motor Behavior. The coursework completed at National will prepare students to take the next steps to become certified by the AASP. The program prepares students to work with college and professional athletes, with children in school and community sports groups, as coaches, and in performing arts settings.

Sport Psychologist Career Information

How to become a sport psychologist.

Practicing sport psychologists must be licensed in all states, which requires a PsyD or a PhD in Psychology. However, clinical practice is not the only way to enter a career in sport psychology; many positions in the field can be entered with a master’s degree . In general, to become a sport psychologist, you will follow these steps:

• Earn a bachelor’s degree in psychology or a related field.
• Earn a master’s degree (optional) in sport psychology.
• Get optional certification as a Certified Mental Performance Consultant (CMPC) by the AASP and begin practicing as a consultant.
• If you wish to become licensed and/or practice research, earn an accredited PsyD or PhD in Psychology with a specialization in sport psychology.
• Complete supervised clinical experience requirements for your state.
• Pass the required exams for your state, including the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP).
• Apply for and receive a license from your state’s board of psychology.
• Begin practicing as a sport psychologist.
• Complete continuing education requirements each year to keep your license current.

Job Description

A degree in sport and performance psychology can be useful for professionals in a variety of fields. Although a doctoral degree is required to be a licensed psychologist, a master’s degree in sport psychology can enhance the skills and knowledge of athletic coaches, physical education teachers, physical therapists and trainers, and others working with athletes or people in the performing arts. In addition to understanding the psychology of sport and performance, these professionals should be caring, patient, good listeners, and practical problem-solvers.

Having a master’s degree in sport psychology may lead to coaching jobs, working in supportive roles for licensed psychologists, or the administration of recreational sports and athletics. However, certain positions in this field require a doctoral degree. Some of the jobs available in the field of sport psychology include:

• Academic researcher*
• Athletic coach
• Clinical sport psychologist*
• Health program coordinator
• High school teacher
• Performance coach
• Private practice clinical sport psychologist*
• Professor or lecturer*
• Sport psychologist for a performing arts group*
• Sport psychologist for a club, college, Olympic, or professional team*
• Sport rehabilitation specialist

*A doctoral degree is usually required for this job title.

Salary and Job Outlook

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), psychologists in the “all other” category earned $99,560 on average in May 2022. 4 Projections for jobs in the field of psychology (including clinical, counseling, and school psychologists as well as those in the “all other” category) report an average job growth of 6.2% through 2030. 5

Additional Resources

• APA’s Exercise and Sport Psychology (Division 47) : Supports and provides resources for professionals in exercise and sport psychology.
• American Board of Professional Psychology (ABPP) : Organization offering Board-certification for professional psychologists of all specialties.
• Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP) : A professional organization for sport psychologists that provides certification and promotes research in performance and sport psychology.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do i need a doctorate degree to be a sport psychologist.

To be a licensed clinical psychologist, a doctoral degree is required. Though you cannot technically call yourself a “sport psychologist” without a doctoral degree, a master’s in sports psychology can still be valuable for your career. For example, organizations such as the AASP offer certification programs for sport psychology master’s degree holders. 3 Certifications like the AASP’s Certified Mental Performance Consultant (CMPC) designation vouch for professional expertise, can lead to more job opportunities, and increase earning potential.

Should I attend a traditional or online sports psychology program?

For a doctoral degree in sport psychology, a traditional program is highly recommended because of the applied nature of the coursework. An online master’s degree in sport psychology can be a good option for working students who need flexibility. In either case, make sure the program you select is accredited, especially if you aim to become a licensed clinical psychologist.

How long will it take for me to get a sports psychology degree?

Most doctoral programs in sport psychology take four to seven years of full-time study to complete. Some programs are postdoctoral and require additional specialization and study after earning a PhD in clinical psychology. Students typically complete a master’s program in two years of full-time study.

What can I do with a master’s in sport psychology?

While clinical sport psychologists must hold a doctoral degree, a master’s degree can offer solid preparation for further graduate study and can also be useful for prospective and current physical education teachers, coaches, and others working with people who perform in sports. A master’s degree in sport psychology can also be used to pursue CMPC certification through the AASP .

References: 1. National Center for Education Statistics College Navigator: https://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/ 2. American Board of Professional Psychology: https://abpp.org/ 3. Association for Applied and Sport Psychology: https://appliedsportpsych.org/ 4. Bureau of Labor Statistics, May 2022 Occupational Employment and Wages, Psychologists, All Other: https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes193039.htm 5. Projections Central: https://projectionscentral.org/Projections/LongTerm

Home / Psychology Degree / Online Sports Psychology Programs / Online Ph.D. and PsyD in Sports Psychology Degree Programs

Online Ph.D. and PsyD in Sports Psychology Degree Programs

What will i learn in an online sports psychology doctorate degree program, what to look for in an online sports psychology doctorate program, admissions requirements for a doctorate in sports psychology, list of sports psychology doctorate degree programs.

Sports psychologists study how stress, anxiety, and other psychological factors impact an athlete's performance. They also consider how regular exercise and practice sessions affect a player's mental health. The goal is to identify issues that may be causing players to perform at a level that doesn't reflect their true abilities.

People sometimes make the mistake of thinking that sports psychologists only work with professional athletes. The reality is that anyone can benefit from at least a few sessions with a sports psychologist.

Clinical sports psychologists and educational sports psychologists are the two main types. The first type tends to get into deeper issues with their clients, such as mental health conditions or problems with substance abuse. The second type uses such techniques as guided imagery, positive self-talk, and setting goals with clients to help them improve their athletic performance. Both degree types have online options.

According to PayScale.com , the median annual salary for all sports psychologists is $76,266. The figure includes everyone with either a master's degree or a doctorate degree in this field. Those with more educational credentials and experience can earn as much as $132,000 per year. Although the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) doesn't track sports psychology separately, it anticipates that the demand for people trained in this field will hold steady at six percent per year through at least 2031.

Learn more about how you can start your career in sports psychology through online education below.

Grand Canyon University in Arizona is an example of an online school that offers a PhD in psychology with the opportunity to focus on performance psychology. Here are several learning outcomes that Grand Canyon University provides for this program:

• Understand how behavior, cognition, and emotion reflect on sports performance
• Understand how to apply theories and principles of sports psychology to improve athletic performance
• Understand the theories and constructs of motor and psychomotor control and use them to improve performance and learning
• Understand how certain psychological theories apply to improved leadership skills
• Understand how to apply behavior modification techniques to improve sports performance

Students at Grand Canyon University take the courses listed below to achieve these learning outcomes.

• Applied Leadership Psychology
• Behavior Modification Principles
• Existential, Humanistic, and Transpersonal Psychology
• Performance Enhancement
• Psychomotor Sports Performance
• Qualitative Research Methods
• Sports Performance Enhancement

Doctoral candidates also need to research, write, and defend a dissertation in front of a committee. Students have a maximum of seven years to complete their doctorate at Grand Canyon University by taking one course at a time for eight weeks. The average time from enrollment to presentation of the dissertation at Grand Canyon University is 5.5 years. This includes completing both master's degree and doctorate degree requirements consecutively.

When searching for an online doctorate program in Sports Psychology, there are several crucial factors to consider. Accreditation is paramount, ensuring that the program meets rigorous academic standards and is recognized by reputable accrediting bodies. Look for programs accredited by recognized organizations in the field of psychology, such as the American Psychological Association (APA) , or other relevant accrediting bodies.

The curriculum should be comprehensive, covering advanced topics in Sports Psychology. Look for programs that offer courses on sports performance enhancement, mental skills training, athlete motivation and behavior, team dynamics, ethics in sports, research methodologies, and applied sports psychology. A well-rounded curriculum will equip students with the necessary knowledge and skills to work effectively in the field of Sports Psychology.

Evaluate the qualifications and expertise of the faculty members in the program. They should possess strong academic backgrounds in Sports Psychology, with experience conducting research or providing consulting services in sports settings. Faculty members who have published research or have expertise in specific areas of Sports Psychology can greatly enhance the learning experience and provide valuable guidance for doctoral research or practical applications.

Access to resources is crucial for staying up-to-date with advancements in the field of Sports Psychology. Ensure that the program provides access to online databases, scholarly journals, and other relevant resources in the field. Additionally, look for programs that offer interactive online platforms that foster collaboration and discussion among students. This can create a dynamic learning environment and facilitate meaningful interactions with peers and faculty members.

Practical experiences are invaluable in a Sports Psychology program. Look for programs that provide opportunities for practical application, such as supervised fieldwork, internships, or research projects in sports settings. These experiences allow students to apply Sports Psychology principles in real-world scenarios, gain hands-on experience, and develop essential skills to effectively work with athletes, coaches, and teams.

Consider the support services offered by the program, such as mentorship, career guidance, and networking opportunities within the Sports Psychology community. Look for programs that provide access to experienced professionals who can offer mentorship and guidance throughout your doctoral journey. Networking opportunities can help you connect with professionals in the field, create potential collaborations, and enhance your career prospects.

Most admissions requirements that apply to any other standard doctorate program apply to online sports psychology doctorate degree programs. These may include:

• Have completed at least a bachelor’s degree in the United States or its foreign equivalent
• A statement of purpose that outlines the student’s motivations for wanting to complete this program at Stanford. The student can also specify the names of three psychology professors with whom they would like to work.
• A minimum of three letters and a maximum of six letters of recommendation from someone who has supervised the student in a work or educational setting.
• Unofficial transcripts from any college or university that the student attended for at least one year
• Proof of English proficiency for non-native English speakers

The top sports psychology doctorate programs are intensive yet flexible for students who need to balance their educational pursuits with other responsibilities.

Find an online or campus-based doctorate program in sports psychology today – our state-by-state listings make it easy to find a great program near you.

Jump to Your State Listings

Florida state university.

• Sport Psychology Ph.D. Campus
• Sport Psychology Campus

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West virginia university.

• Sport, Exercise and Performance Psychology Ph.D. Campus

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15 Best Sports Psychology Degrees, Courses, & Programs

Indeed, sports psychology has developed into a high-profile, international enterprise engaged in almost all elite sports (Kremer, Moran, & Kearney, 2019).

Such growth has led to notable advances in research and training and the acceptance that to do well, individuals and teams must have their mindsets in order. According to neuroscientist Vincent Walsh, “the reasons people lose are mental, not physical or technical” (New Scientist, 2016).

This article introduces the sports psychologist’s role, the training available, and how to develop your career.

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This Article Contains:

What do sports psychologists do, building your career: requirements & qualifications, 8 sports psychology bachelor’s & master’s programs, 3 other sports psychology course options, top 7 online options, positivepsychology.com’s helpful resources, a take-home message.

The importance of the mental aspect of competitive sports has probably been known for as long as humans have taken sports seriously.

Its role in the success of top sportspeople is less about being more successful than others and increasingly about performing better than previously.

Sports psychology aims to “identify, harness, and train” clients’ mental skills to ensure that they are solely limited by their physical capacity rather than any psychological baggage  (Kremer et al., 2019).

While sports psychologists must deal with a range of personal issues, specific key topics require regular focus, including resilience and mental toughness. Achieving individual and team goals in sports requires being able to cope with pressure, persist in the face of adversity, and rebound from failure.

Indeed, most of us are not born resilient or mentally tough; we develop through experience and learn to focus on what we can control right now to overcome our difficulties. Psychological tools such as mental toughness provide us with the tools and the courage to handle stress, adversity, and failure (Gucciardi, 2013).

So, what is a sports psychologist ?

According to Kremer et al. (2019), sports psychology “describes all those activities where psychological theory and methods are applied to understand and improve sporting performance” and could be any of the following:

• Methods and techniques used by someone brought in to help a team or individual prepare for a vital game, match, or tournament
• Research into the brain and central nervous system to understand its effect on sporting performance
• A focus on physical activity and wellbeing in the general population

For the sportsperson, sports psychology relates to those mental activities that influence performance and its enhancement. Perhaps most importantly, it can help achieve consistent and repeatable performances and avoid missed opportunities and regrets.

There are many skills, approaches, and strategies successfully used by sports psychologists to manage and overcome the difficulties people in sports face, including (American Psychological Association, 2008):

• Cognitive and behavioral skills : Training performed to enhance performance may include the use of self-regulation techniques, developing self-confidence and self-esteem, imagery, goal setting, emotional management, leadership, and attention control.
• Counseling and clinical interventions : Sportspeople may require interventions for eating disorders, substance abuse, burnout, over-training, overcoming injury, transitioning out of their career, and motivation.
• Consultation and training : This may include working beyond the remit of a single sportsperson, team building, working with families of young people in sports, educating coaches, developing talent, encouraging leadership and interpersonal skills, and fostering skills to identify and prevent future psychological problems.

And it works.

The value of sports psychology in helping people achieve their most valuable performance – more often – is widely accepted within sporting populations and the media.

Indeed, in 2021, a Polish teenager and world-class tennis player reported in The New York Times that her success was primarily because of her belief in the value of mental health and sports psychology coaches (Futterman, 2021).

Furthermore, the importance of psychological attributes, mindset, and the help given by sports psychologists is validated by research.

Vaughan and Laborde (2020) confirmed the positive impact of cognitive skills including attention and working memory on athletes’ sporting performance. It is increasingly apparent that our perception of effort rather than our physical state typically limits our exercise capacity. Interventions that reduce that perception improve the performance of motivated athletes (Meijen, 2019).

A proficiency acquired after a doctoral degree in one of the primary areas of psychology and licensure as a psychologist. This proficiency does not include those who have earned a doctoral degree in sport psychology but are not licensed psychologists.

(American Psychological Association, 2008)

The APA aims to ensure that when someone comes looking for a sports psychologist’s services, they receive only the suitably qualified.

Such a proficiency offers a set of recognizable standards that guide the training of psychologists wishing to practice sports psychology and treat clients.

Joining a graduate program

Entry into a graduate program in sports psychology typically requires a bachelor’s degree in psychology or a minimum number of credits in psychology or another sports-related field.

US admissions committees frequently look for a grade point average of at least 3.0, above-average scores on the Graduate Record Examination, and relevant references and experience (American Psychological Association, 2014).

Certified as a sports psychologist

Four elements typically form part of becoming a certified sports psychologist (GradSchools.com, n.d.):

• Earn an appropriate doctoral degree in psychology (with sports psychology as an area of focus) or directly in sports psychology
• Perform field research and gain supervised clinical exposure
• Take relevant state board licensure exams
• Apply for certification through the Association for Applied Sports Psychology

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Sports psychologists typically specialize in one or more of the following areas (American Psychological Association, 2014):

• Applied sports psychology : Involves teaching key skills and techniques to optimize athletic performance, such as goal setting, visualization, attention, and resilience.
• Clinical sports psychology : The combination of psychotherapy with sports psychology techniques to help clients deal with and overcome mental health problems.
• Academic sports psychology : Performing research and teaching at one of the many colleges and universities that specialize in the field.

To begin a master’s degree in sports psychology, you will typically have completed a bachelor’s degree in psychology (or less widely available, sports psychology) or another sport or health-related discipline.

There are many psychology bachelor’s degrees and master’s programs that can further your journey to becoming a sports psychologist. Visit each program’s website and consider the entry requirements and the training you will receive.

Below is a sample of some master’s and bachelor’s programs available:

Master of Arts in Sport and Performance Psychology, University of Denver, Colorado, US

This program is designed by the University of Denver’s graduate school for professionals working in health and fitness, performing arts, and athletics.

Students study the importance of psychological factors and how they affect performance and skill development. The program focuses on applied and practical techniques, and hands-on experience is available through placements at their Center of Performance Excellence.

The culmination of the master’s program is a project in which students show their knowledge of the concepts and application behind sports and performance psychology.

Find out more about the program on their website .

Master of Science (thesis option) and Master of Education in Sport and Exercise Psychology, Springfield College, Massachusetts, US

The program encourages students to pursue their particular areas of interest and is very applicable for those planning doctoral study.

The Master of Education option connects students with sports programs at high schools and colleges. It is ideal for those wishing to become Certified Mental Performance Consultants through the Association for Applied Sport Psychology .

The culmination of the program is a written portfolio and an oral presentation.

Master of Arts in Sports and Exercise Psychology, Minnesota State University–Mankato, Minnesota, US

This master’s degree includes elective courses from the Center for Sport and Performance Psychology and involves performance and psychology training to help athletes, exercisers, artists, and professionals gain confidence and overcome barriers.

The goal is to develop a theoretical basis for sports and exercise psychology that prepares students, coaches, and consultants to apply knowledge to optimize performance in athletics and competitive sports.

Master of Science in Sport and Performance Psychology, University of Western States, Oregon, US

This program provides advanced training for those specializing in psychology, coaching , education, business, and healthcare.

The master’s program comprises 54 credits and supports students preparing for the Certified Mental Performance Consultant exam.

Many electives are available, including applied health behavior theory, human growth and development, and field problems in sports and performance psychology.

Master of Education in Counseling, Boston University, Massachusetts, US

This master’s degree in counseling has the option of a specialty in sports psychology and forms part of the Boston University Wheelock College of Education and Human Development center.

Gaining the skills needed to work with a range of clients across multiple settings enables students to take their professional interests to a more advanced level.

Bachelor of Science, Sport and Exercise Psychology, Bangor University, Wales, UK

This program, accredited by the British Psychological Society (BPS), comes from a university with one of the largest performance-focused psychology researcher groups anywhere in the world.

Learn what sports psychologists do, how they do it, and why. Understand the motivation behind sports performers and exercisers and the ground-breaking research being performed at Bangor University to uncover how to improve sports performance.

Bachelor of Science, Sport and Exercise Psychology, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK

This degree is an ideal first step to becoming a BPS-Chartered Sport and Exercise Psychologist or Health and Care Professions Council-Registered Psychologist.

The psychological grounding, theories, and psychological principles learned will be highly applicable to elite athletes and the public goal of achieving good health and fitness.

Master of Science in Sport and Exercise Psychology, University of Greenwich, London, UK

Run by certified sports and exercise psychology practitioners working for highly successful sporting clubs, this master’s combines high-quality teaching with world-class research to deliver the best educational experience.

The goal is to enable students to apply psychological skills, theory, and techniques to sports populations. Successful completion meets the British Psychology Society criteria and British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences accreditation.

There are many other bachelor’s and master’s programs available. Each offers different study modes: part time, full time, and a mixture of on-campus and remote learning modes.

What is a sport psychologist? – Portland Community College

Studying sports psychology can be costly in terms of both time and money.

It’s useful to begin by trying out online courses or exploring free resources to understand what sports psychology involves and whether you are ready to commit.

This well-known training provider has many courses available that will give you an introduction to the psychology behind optimal and reliable performance in sports.

Find out more about the courses available on their website .

Coursera is another popular online training provider with fewer courses specifically covering sports psychology but plenty on psychology and sports coaching.

There are a wealth of videos online that introduce the concepts behind improving sports performance using the mind.

• Mindset for Sports
• Dr. Rob Bell
• Dr. Eddie O’Connor
• Dr. Haley Perlus on Peak Performance

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Bachelor and Master of Science in Exercise Science and Health Promotion, California University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, US

The California University of Pennsylvania offers both a bachelor’s and a master’s option, focusing strongly on sports psychology. It is designed for coaches as well as fitness and healthcare professionals.

The subject matter will equip students with the skills necessary to manage injuries, recovery, training, and mental health, and enables specialties including performance enhancement, wellness, and fitness.

Both programs are flexible regarding duration and can be completed 100% online.

Find out more about the programs on their website .

Bachelor of Arts in Sport Psychology, National University, California, US

This bachelor’s degree offers students an online option and the chance to understand performance, motivation, and the psychological benefits of sports and athletics.

The program covers the all-important reasons behind what influences people to engage in sports and physical activity, and the effect emotions and other mental factors can have on athletic performance.

Master of Arts in Performance Psychology, National University, California, US

This next online offering from National University focuses on sports science and performance psychology techniques and how to apply them to enhance sporting performance and counsel athletes.

The program’s elements include organizational behavior, performance consulting skills, behavioral research, ethics, and theories of behavioral change.

Master of Arts in Psychology, Sports Psychology, Northcentral University, California, US

This master’s in psychology offers a specialty in sports psychology. The program’s goal is to develop students with the personal and professional skills needed to practice within the discipline.

While gaining essential theoretical knowledge, students will have the chance to become involved in supervised fieldwork and achieve skills necessary for the Certification Council for the Certified Mental Performance Consultant.

Training will equip students with the skills needed to work across multiple settings, including high school and collegiate athletics, private practice, and professional sports organizations.

Master of Arts in Sport Psychology, John F. Kennedy University, California, US

Online and either part time or full time, this master’s uses evidence-based psychology, sports science, and counseling techniques to maximize sporting potential.

Students can learn from the faculty experts, pioneers in their field, how to push boundaries through both research and practice.

Master of Science in Performance Psychology, Bangor University, Wales, UK

Well known for its high-end research in sporting and performance psychology, Bangor University is offering this master’s degree in performance psychology fully online.

Run by staff from the Institute for the Psychology of Elite Performance, it will prepare students as coaches, athletes, or applied performance psychologists in sports, the armed forces, business, and the arts.

Master of Science in Sport and Exercise Psychology, Stafford University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK

Students can also complete this master’s program fully online and either part or full time. It provides a highly flexible way to develop a deep understanding of sports and exercise psychology’s theoretical and practical issues.

Working with peers and staff in a dynamic learning environment, students will learn the key disciplines and their effect on performance, including mental health, group dynamics, leadership, and research methods.

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We have many resources available to help you or your clients become more motivated, focused, and able to bounce back from challenging or difficult situations. Try out the following:

• Setting SMART+R Goals can be a useful worksheet to link successes (large and small) with rewards.
• Building New Habits can help eliminate old and unhelpful habits and replace them with new, positive ones.
• Exploring Past Resilience is an effective way to identify strategies that have helped you overcome challenges in the past.
• Visualizing Success can be a valuable technique for moving forward, motivating, and driving yourself toward new and exciting goals.
• Changing your Self-Directed Speech can be a great way to motivate yourself to achieve new goals.
• 20 Best Sports Psychology Books for Motivating Athletes is a helpful resource full of suggested reading material to discover more about the Sports Psychology world.

If you want to integrate the evidence-based principles of positive psychology into the classroom, consider this collection of 17 validated positive education exercises . Use them to enhance student engagement, resilience and wellbeing while also equipping students with valuable life skills.

Whether conscious or unconscious, mental factors have a significant impact on sporting performance and success.

Even if we look no further than our ability to endure despite physical fatigue, it is becoming clear that our aerobic capacity is not limited by muscle fatigue, but by our perceptions (Marcora & Staiano, 2010).

Sports psychologists can help athletes and sportspeople at all levels train, perform, and compete at their best. Cognitive skills like visualization, focus, goal setting, and managing stress can help individuals maximize their abilities and physical capacities and deliver more regular performances.

If you are interested in this fascinating field of psychology, explore the programs available. Perhaps begin with some of the free guides on YouTube and then decide where your interests lie in your capacity as a player, coach, or psychologist.

We hope you enjoyed reading this article. Don’t forget to download our three Positive Education Exercises for free .

• American Psychological Association. (2008). Sport psychology. Retrieved February 26, 2021, from https://www.apa.org/ed/graduate/specialize/sports
• American Psychological Association (2014). A career in sport and performance psychology. Psychology: Science in Action . Retrieved February 26, 2021, from https://www.apa.org/action/science/performance/education-training
• Cotterill, S., & Breslin, G. (2017). Sport and exercise psychology: Practitioner case studies . John Wiley & Sons.
• Futterman, M. (2021, February 8). The brain within the brain of a rising tennis queen. The New York Times. Retrieved February 26, 2021, from https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/07/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-sports-psychology.html
• GradSchools.com. (n.d.). Sports psychology graduate programs & schools. GradSchools.com. Retrieved February 26, 2021, from https://www.gradschools.com/programs/psychology/sports-psychology
• Gucciardi, D. F. (2013). Mental toughness in sport: Developments in theory and research . Routledge.
• Kremer, J., Moran, A. P., & Kearney, C. J. (2019). Pure sport: Practical sport psychology . Routledge.
• Marcora, S. M., & Staiano, W. (2010). The limit to exercise tolerance in humans: Mind over muscle? European Journal of Applied Physiology , 109 (4), 763–770.
• Meijen, C. (2019). Endurance performance in sport: Psychological theory and interventions . Routledge.
• New Scientist. (2016, June 30). Football on the brain. New Scientist . Retrieved February 26, 2021, from https://www.newscientist.com/article/2094697-football-on-the-brain/
• Vaughan, R. S., & Laborde, S. (2020). Attention, working-memory control, working-memory capacity, and sport performance: The moderating role of athletic expertise. European Journal of Sport Science , 1–27.

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FSU | College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences

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College of education, health, and human sciences, sport psychology.

In Florida State University’s Sport Psychology graduate programs, you will receive a solid understanding of theory and research as it relates to sport psychology. 

Specifically, you will gain an understanding of the science of the psychology of athlete performance and welfare. You will also have opportunities to join research teams, build research skills, and, in our Sport Psychology Laboratory, learn to use technologies that support research projects in the field of sport psychology. Learn more about our Sport Psychology Laboratory here . 

The rigorous training provided in the science of sport psychology enables our graduates to confidently enter employment in higher education and the sport and performance industries. Our former students work in universities all over the world and help support mental performance in a wide range of settings including college and professional sports and the military. 

While the focus of our graduate programs is on the science of sport psychology, we also offer optional opportunities to apply this understanding by working with athletes to help them learn to use mental skills that enhance their performance and welfare. We have established links allowing hands-on experiences with clubs and teams operating at the recreational, youth, high school, college, and semi-professional levels in the local area. Mentorship is provided to students who are involved in applied work and seeking Certified Mental Performance Consultant (CMPC) status through the Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP). 

Master’s students typically obtain 40-100 hours of direct contact hours with athletes over two years; 200 are required for CMPC certification. Students will also receive 25 hours of mentorship countable towards CMPC; 50 are required for CMPC certification. PhD students can expect to obtain more hours. Note that CMPC is a certification, not a license, meaning students are not able to use the title “sport psychologist” upon graduation. 

Admission Requirements

Admission to graduate study is a two-fold evaluation process. The Office of Admissions determines eligibility for admission to the University, and the academic department, program, or college determines admissibility to the degree program. University graduate admissions requirements are found at  https://gradschool.fsu.edu/admissions/graduate-admissions . Academic programs have additional requirements. 

Florida State University requires a course-by-course credential evaluation for all applicants that have degrees from a non-U.S. institution. International and domestic applicants with degrees earned from international institutions must submit their official transcripts through a NACES approved evaluator for transcripts from a non-U.S. institution. SpanTran has created a custom application for Florida State University that will make sure you select the right kind of evaluation at a discounted rate. See the “Transcript Requirement” section on The Graduate School website,  https://gradschool.fsu.edu/admissions/graduate-admissions , for detailed information on University transcript requirements for graduate admission.

In order to meet minimum program admission requirements, an applicant must have:

• For application to the master’s degree program:  A bachelor’s degree with at least a 3.0 GPA  – An earned bachelor’s degree from a regionally accredited U.S. institution, or a comparable degree from an international institution, with a minimum 3.0 (on a 4.0 scale) grade point average (GPA) in all coursework attempted while registered as an upper-division undergraduate student working towards a bachelor’s degree.  
• For application to the doctoral degree program:  A graduate degree with at least a 3.5 GPA – Applicants for the PhD program must have an earned graduate degree from a regionally accredited U.S. institution, or a comparable degree from an international institution, with a minimum 3.5 (on a 4.0 scale) grade point average (GPA). Students admitted to the doctoral program are expected to have completed a master’s thesis prior to enrollment or will be required to complete a research project during their first year in the doctoral program if they do not have a master’s thesis.  
• Target scores: Verbal – 50th percentile, Quantitative – 50th percentile, Analytical – 3.5
• *NOTE: The GRE requirements for master’s programs have been waived through Fall 2026.  
• Language proficiency   test (international students only)  – FSU accepts scores from TOEFL (minimum 80), IELTS (minimum 6.5), MELAB (minimum 77), Cambridge C1 Advanced Level (minimum 180), Michigan Language Assessment (minimum 55), and Duolingo (minimum 120)  

Florida State University Office of Graduate Admissions 314 Westcott Building P.O. Box 3061410 Tallahassee, FL 32306-1410

• Letters of recommendation  (3 required) – Letters of recommendation should be written by persons who are in a position to comment on the likelihood of your success within the department. You are encouraged to submit at least 2 letters written by faculty.  
• Personal Statement  (1 required) – The personal statement should describe your purpose for pursuing a sport psychology degree at Florida State University, qualifications, and long-term career goals and should be no more than 3 pages in length.  
• Resume/Curriculum Vitae  (1 required)

Application Deadlines

Application Deadline for Ph.D.:    December 1 st  (Fall admission only).  You have until midnight on the day of the deadline to submit your application and application fee.  All required materials must be received by the deadline date.

Application Deadline for Master’s:    January 15 th  (Fall admission only). You have until midnight on the day of the deadline to submit your application and application fee.  All required materials must be received by the deadline date.

How to Apply

• Apply Now- International Students

Degree Requirements

• Scholarly Engagement Requirement
• Student Handbook

Tuition & Aid

Information about tuition and fees at Florida State is available  here . You can learn more about the scholarship and aid opportunities for College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences students  here .

Career Opportunities

Sport psychology professionals may find themselves working with athletes at different levels such as youth, interscholastic, intercollegiate, amateur, and professional to enhance their performance and resolve sport-related problems. Graduates of our program have secured jobs in academia, university athletic departments, professional sport organizations, private practice, sport academies, and the military.

Click here to learn more about our Sport Psychology faculty!

Admissions Contact

Program contact:  Dr. Brian Foster Admissions contact: Aubrey Linn

Frequently Asked Questions

Click here  to find answers to frequently asked questions about our Sport Psychology program.

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A Career in Sport and Performance Psychology

All About Sports and Performance

If you’ve watched sports, you’ve seen it. With seconds on the clock and the game tied, a player needs to make one free throw to win the game. He takes a deep breath, focuses, shoots – and scores!

I Have you then wondered how he did it, with the crowd roaring, under such pressure? It’s possible he has been working with a sport and performance psychologist.

I While coaches and trainers are expected to maximize and fine tune an athlete’s physical abilities, sport and performance psychologists focus on the mental aspect of achievement. Ask anyone who has had to come through when it counts — be it an Olympic skier, an aspiring actress or a company’s CEO — and they’ll tell you that the mental game must be won first.

What You Can Do

While often behind the scenes, sport and performance psychologists are a vital part of the action, helping individual players or even entire teams realize their potential.

Sometimes, that involves on-the-field action. Often, it can also include thought patterns, coping styles, communication skills, personal dynamics and relationships.

Consider a young team made up of individual dynamos who must work together for the first time, or a veteran squad that recently lost a team member to tragedy. On an individual level, athletes may become anxious or lose focus at key moments while competing, or they might have trouble communicating with their teammates, controlling their tempers or motivating themselves to exercise.

Although none of these scenarios have anything to do with physical prowess, psychological factors are getting in the way of success.

Sport and performance psychologists may act as an objective listener to overwhelmed or frustrated athletes who are expected to “do too much” or perhaps aren’t getting the playing time promised. Conflict resolution is a common occurrence in locker rooms — among players and even between players and management.

Sport psychologists may also teach relaxation exercises to overly anxious athletes to help them calm down before games, or they might explain visualization techniques to maintain a focus on success. They may also probe why an athlete may have a specific, recurring problem, such as trouble concentrating.

And all of these principles can be applied beyond the sports arena. In boardrooms and on Broadway, performance counts, and more and more professionals of all backgrounds are seeking partnerships with psychologists who can get them there.

Making it Happen

While it’s nice to be able to read a box score or know which teams have vied for the last 30 Super Bowl championships, having an affinity for sports does not qualify you to be a sport and performance psychologist; you need academic training and credentials.

Most positions require a master’s or doctoral degree in clinical, counseling or sport psychology. Even then, additional classes in kinesiology, physiology, sports medicine, business and marketing are required. Direct training and experience in applying psychology to sports and exercise is a must. The good news is, due to sport psychology’s recent rise in popularity, a few schools have begun to offer it as a concentration.

Sport and performance psychologists can also choose to specialize in a particular area. Specialties include:

• Applied sport psychology (teaching skills to enhance athletic performance such as goal-setting and imagery);
• Clinical sport psychology (combining mental training strategies from sport psychology with psychotherapy to help clients with mental health problems); and
• Academic sport psychology (teaching at colleges and universities and conducting research).

There are many opportunities for a sport and performance psychologist with an advanced degree. These can be anything from a NASCAR psychologist  critiquing a pit-crew drill to counseling an engineer struggling with depression to a Cirque de Soleil psychologist helping performers overcome fear, recover from fatigue or injury and cope with the pressure of preparing for a show.

What You Can Earn

In private practice, the salary range can vary, with most clients paying for services themselves. In some cases, a team or organization will employ a psychologist to work one-on-one with athletes or business leaders to improve their performance. The location and demand for a sport and performance psychologist play key roles in their salary. Those working in larger metropolitan areas who offer a proven track record of results will earn more.

According to Scott Goldman, PhD, director of clinical and sport psychology at the University of Arizona, sport and performance psychologists in university athletic departments can earn $60,000 to $80,000 a year, depending on location, while the highest salaries can exceed $100,000 annually.

Helpful Resources

Sport Psychology is a recognized proficiency in professional psychology.

Exercise and Sport Psychology Division 47: Exercise and Sport Psychology brings together psychologists, as well as exercise and sport scientists interested in research, teaching and service in this area.

How Sport and Performance Psychologists Help Curious how sport and performance psychologists help on and off the field ? They apply psychological research and principles to help athletes enhance their performance, cope with the pressure of competition and focus on their exercise regimen. 

Earning A Master’s In Sport Psychology: Everything You Need To Know

Updated: Nov 10, 2022, 2:06pm

According to the American Psychological Association (APA), sport psychology addresses how sports performance and psychology interact. This definition encompasses optimal performance, health and well-being for athletes, linked with the physical and mental elements of sports.

In recent years, sport psychology has entered the mainstream discussion, as great athletes like Tom Brady and Michael Jordan have revealed how much they focus on the mental side of the game. Books like The Inner Game of Tennis show how to apply sport psychology beyond the court, field or gym.

Earning a master’s in sport psychology can position you to thrive in this emerging field. Let’s explore the details.

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What is a Master’s in Sport Psychology?

If you’re wondering how to become a sport psychologist , this degree is a great place to start. A master’s in sport psychology is an advanced degree that blends theoretical classroom-based coursework with fieldwork experiences. A typical sport psychology curriculum covers micro-level interactions among athletes, coaches and clients, along with macro topics that can affect change within larger organizations like teams and leagues.

In these programs, students learn techniques for helping athletes improve performance, overcome obstacles and recover from injuries. They also learn the theory behind how to enhance team dynamics and coaching best practices.

Many programs require approximately 36 to 54 credits and take between one and three years to complete. Online sport psychology master’s programs may deliver coursework synchronously, which entails scheduled courses, or asynchronously, which does not involve set class times. Many programs also offer both full-time and part-time enrollment.

Master’s in Sport Psychology Admission Requirements

Many schools do not offer undergraduate sport psychology programs, so you usually do not need a bachelor’s in sport psychology to apply to a master’s program in the field. However, most master’s in sport psychology programs expect applicants to hold a degree in a relevant field like psychology, exercise science, kinesiology or physical education.

Most programs require students to have some experience with psychological fundamentals, such as research methods, research design or the collection of quantitative and qualitative data. Basic knowledge of sports and the fundamentals of athletic performance can also help students succeed in sport psychology master’s programs.

Many programs also prefer to admit applicants with a minimum 3.0 cumulative undergraduate GPA. This cutoff can vary. Some programs also allow prospective students who do not meet minimum GPA standards to earn conditional admission by submitting strong GRE scores.

Additional admission requirements may include a statement of purpose, letters of recommendation, a resume and an interview with the admissions department.

Sport Psychology as a Specialization

Some schools do not have master’s in sport psychology programs, instead offering sport psychology as a specialization within a broader graduate psychology program. Students in these programs do not earn an entire degree in sport psychology, but they gain the knowledge they need to succeed in the field.

In broader psychology programs, students may need to complete additional lab or practicum requirements.

Master’s in Sport Psychology Courses

Every sport psychology master’s program offers a unique curriculum, but certain classes are common among sport psychology degrees. See below for a sampling of the courses you might take as a sport psychology master’s student.

Sport Theory and Social Systems

This course explores the relationship between sports and social and cultural factors and dynamics. Coursework typically delves into athletes’ behavioral responses to various sociocultural stimuli and motivations. Students may also discuss the importance of sports in both present and past civilizations.

Counseling Skills and Techniques in Sports

In this course, students learn best practices and their theoretical backing for providing counseling services to athletes and coaches. Students often discuss various psychological skills training programs for sports teams. They may also learn specific counseling interventions and techniques.

Internship/Practicum

Most master’s in sport psychology programs require all students to complete a certain number of internship or practicum hours in the field. For example, Boston University mandates that its sport psychology students complete at least 400 hours in a relevant internship over the course of their time in the program.

Careers for Master’s in Sport Psychology Graduates

We sourced the below salary data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and Glassdoor .

Sport Psychologist

Median Annual Salary: Around $85,000 Job Description: Sport psychologists work with athletes, coaches and parents. They provide counseling services to help clients maximize their performance and deal with changes in their careers. These professionals might also work with entire teams to help them optimize the mental side of their sport in big games.

Sport Psychiatrist

Median Annual Salary: $226,880 Job Description: Sport psychiatrists assess, diagnose, and treat athletes for psychiatric challenges and disorders. They may also help athletes optimize performance and improve habits, much like sport psychologists. Note that the median annual salary above applies to psychiatrists generally.

Sports Coach

Median Annual Salary: $44,890 Projected Job Growth (2022-2032): +9% Job Description: Coaches create team strategy, work one-on-one with athletes, and provide athletes with the tools they need to succeed in their sport. Coaches can work at the K-12, college, minor league, and professional levels. Hours can be irregular, and many coaches work much more than 40 hours per week when their sport or team is in season.

Frequently Asked Questions About Sports Psychology

How many years is a master’s in sport psychology.

Completion times for a master’s in sport psychology vary depending on the individual program and school. In most cases, however, students can earn a master’s in sport psychology within one to three years. Your enrollment status (full time vs. part time) affects how long it takes to earn your degree.

Are sport psychologists in high demand?

According to the APA , as of 2018, the demand for sport psychologists was on the rise among young, amateur and professional athletes alike. More and more athletes are recognizing the importance of the mental side of the game in optimizing their performance, as well as the importance of mental health in general in living a healthy life.

Do sport psychologists make a lot of money?

No degree can guarantee you a particular salary, but most sport psychologists earn above-average wages. According to Glassdoor, sport psychologists earn a median salary of $85,000 per year.

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Mikeie Reiland is a writer who has written features for Oxford American, Bitter Southerner, Gravy, and SB Nation, among other publications. He received a James Beard nomination for a feature he wrote in 2023.