home schooling research paper topic

93 Homeschooling Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best homeschooling topic ideas & essay examples, ⭐ good research topics about homeschooling, 📝 simple & easy homeschooling essay titles, ❓ homeschooling research questions.

• Home School Versus Public School These two types of schools are also similar in that most of the subjects taught in public schools and home schools are the same.
• Homeschooling is a Viable Alternative to Public School General information: In public discourse, homeschooling can be seen as inferior to mainstream education and criticized as unregulated and ineffective from the standpoint of socialization.
• Is Homeschooling Better? The points forwarded by the proponents of homeschooling like flexibility, excellent performance and individualized learning should be disregarded since it is not in conformity with government’s policy on education.
• Home Schooling From the Nursing Perspective Much to the credit of both sides, one must admit that the proponents of homeschooling and the supporters of the traditional teaching approach act on behalf of the child and in the latter’s interests.
• Sociology: Home School Environment Homeschooling may also cause stress in a child because when the contents get tough, the child may have no peer to talk to, and the guardian is not suitable for such talks.
• Homeschooling Is Changing in America Such a publication seems to be relevant for the ongoing study because it sheds light on the diversity of homeschooling in the United States to a great extent.
• The Success of Homeschooling and How the Program Can Be Increased One of the first steps to undertake is to develop a proper assessment framework in order to identify the strengths and weaknesses of current homeschooling methods.
• Homeschooling Growth in the United States and Its Legalization In a recent study in America, it was found that eighty-five percent of parents enrolled their children in home schools because of fear about the environment of other schools.
• Selection of Literature on Homeschooling The main achievement is the explanation of the very essence of the term homeschooling. The current culture is fighting for the fulfilment of the educational standards.
• Homeschooled Kids in the U.S. The increase in the amount of interest is due to the increased number of homeschoolers in America. This paper aims to understand this growing trend in the US and the reason behind the increasing popularity […]
• Home Schooling and Public Schooling Comparison Before the introduction of compulsory education laws in the 19th century, education of children was conducted mainly in their homes and families.
• After-School Program and Homeschooling: Comparison Visits to cultural sites and memorials to encourage the knowledge of history and the education of spirituality an hour and a half.
• Public School Access for Homeschoolers First of all, there should be enough space for homeschool students in the class, and a teacher should be able to provide them all with the necessary materials.
• Homeschooling, Its Advantages and Disadvantages Nowadays, education is extremely important because it provides the representatives of the general public to receive the knowledge needed to live an independent life to the fullest.
• Homeschooling as a Valid Alternative to Formal Education One of the main questions that should be examined is the academic performance of children who were educated in this way.
• The Significance of Home Schooling This article examines the concept of home schooling. 4, 2002, p.197.
• The Arguments and Debates of the Home Schooling System The learner and the facilitator are able to twist or manipulate the learning times in a way that satisfies their comfort and schedule.
• Homeschooling Factors in America A number of people fathom that the only way to restore the value of education in reference to the requirements of Christianity is when people home school their children.
• Homeschooling and Depriving Children of Social Development
• Homeschooling vs. Public School: Which Is More Beneficial
• High School Kids and Homeschooling: Stereotypes and Perks
• Social Factors That Affect Homeschooling
• The Misconception About Homeschooling and the Benefits of Learning at Home
• Preference for Homeschooling Over Traditional Schooling
• Homeschooling: Alternative Education and Independent Study
• Compelling Reasons for Homeschooling
• Homeschooling: Left Behind, Jumping Ahead
• The Benefits of Homeschooling – Education and Public College
• Homeschooling: Academics, Socialization and College
• Homeschooling: Education and Supervision
• Ethical Questions Regarding Homeschooling
• Homeschooling Versus Public Schooling
• Reasons Why Parents Are Choosing Homeschooling
• Differences Between Homeschooling and Public Education
• Homeschooling Prepares Students for College
• Homeschooling and the Community
• Homeschooling and Family Education
• Technology Business Opportunity for Homeschooling
• Homeschooling and Saving Children From Destruction
• Homeschooling and Its Effect on Children
• The Benefits and Factors of Homeschooling
• The Legitimacy and Advantages of Homeschooling
• Good Homeschooling and Public School in the United States
• Homeschooling and Childhood Socialization
• Should Homeschooling Replace Regular Schooling
• Homeschooling: Are Parents Really Helping Their Children
• Homeschooling and Traditional Education: Advantages and Disadvantages
• Public Education and Homeschooling: The Best Known Techniques
• Homeschooling Advantages and Disadvantages
• Public Schools Should Take Ideas From Homeschooling
• Homeschooling Laws What You Should Know
• Tips for Successful Homeschooling
• What Homeschooling Can Do for Public Schooling
• Homeschooling Pros and Cons
• Positive and Negative Aspects of Homeschooling
• Homeschooling: Solution for Educating Girls in Afghanistan
• The Homeschooling: Mom Needs to Socialise Too
• Homeschooling – Not the Better Choice
• Does Homeschooling Deprive Children of Social Development?
• How Can Homeschooling Get You Into a Lot of Trouble?
• What Does Homeschooling Mean to Me?
• Homeschooling: Yes, No, Maybe So?
• What Are the Pros and Cons of Being Homeschooled?
• What Are the Disadvantages of Homeschooling?
• Is It a Good Idea to Be Homeschooled?
• What Is Homeschooling, and How Does It Work?
• Is Homeschool Expensive?
• Is Homeschooling Free?
• Why Shouldn’t You Homeschool Your Child?
• What Do Psychologists Say About Homeschooling?
• Are Homeschoolers Socially Awkward?
• Are Homeschooled Kids More Confident?
• Is Homeschooling Better for Mental Health?
• Are Homeschoolers Happier?
• Are Homeschoolers More Successful?
• Is It Too Late to Start Homeschooling?
• Is Homeschooling Difficult?
• What Are the Five Benefits of Homeschooling?
• Is Homeschool Better Than Public School?
• What Is the Biggest Challenge of Homeschooling?
• Are Homeschoolers Brighter Than Public Schoolers?
• Can You Go to Harvard if You Were Homeschooled?
• Do Colleges Prefer Homeschooled Students?
• Is Homeschooling Good for Anxiety?
• Why Is Homeschooling a Controversial Issue?
• Are Homeschoolers More Likely to Be Abused?
• Why Does Germany Not Allow Homeschooling?
• Why Do Parents Choose to Homeschool?
• Classroom Management Essay Topics
• School Violence Ideas
• Children’s Rights Research Ideas
• Philosophy of Education Paper Topics
• College Students Research Ideas
• International Studies Ideas
• Online Education Topics
• Pedagogy Topics
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82 Homeschooling Research Topics & Essay Examples

📝 homeschooling research papers examples, 🏆 best homeschooling essay titles, ❓ homeschooling research questions.

• "School as Prison" Perception: Arguments Against The primary reason schools are not suitable for successful learning is "the top-down, teach-and-test method" that demotivated children to learn willingly.
• How Colleges Can Reach Out to Homeschooled Children Currently, public and private schools are not the only two options for children to receive sufficient education in preparation for college.
• Benefits of Home School Analysis Homeschooling is a positive trend in the modern educational system. It will become more popular, so educational institutions need to take measures to adapt to this system.
• Benefits Homeschooling Homeschooling has a vast list of benefits ranging from a higher quality of education to more flexible curriculums and even possible mental health benefits
• Benefits of Homeschooling Homeschooling refers to the process of a parent or parents schooling their youngsters at home, rather than enrolling them in the nearest public or private academic institution.
• Distant Education or Traditional Education Essay aims to analyze and study both types of education to compare and highlight key features. The traditional method of teaching consists in full-time attendance at institution.
• Homeschool Method of Education Home-school presupposes more flexibility and comfort. The ability to acquire information and process it not leaving home is one of the basic advantages of this mode of learning.
• Homeschooling and Its Impact on Learners Homeschooling has become popular in the 21st century with parents increasingly acknowledging the benefits associated with this system.
• Can Homeschooling Be the Change Our Education System Needs? Homeschooling has its shortfalls relating to the children themselves and their instructors as children develop differently cognitively and socially.
• Homeschooling as a Better Choice for K-12 Education The paper will address the benefits of homeschooling such as safety, personalization, the ability to develop creative talents, and opportunities for children with special needs.
• Homeschooling: The Best Choice for K-12 Education Homeschooling provides a favorable environment for learners, enhancing their security and providing an alternative approach to K-12 education.
• K-12 Education Homeschooling Alternative This paper will support homeschooling as a better option for K-12 education due to the physical, emotional and psychological wellness of a youngster.
• Studying at School vs. Studying Online Schoolchildren in many countries have been transferred to studying at home, and communication with classmates and teachers takes place online.
• Learning in an Online Environment Comprehending students' attitudes, facilitators' experiences, and the latest trends in institutions determine positive progress for online learning.
• Homeschooling and Its Impact on Students All processes are gradually moving or have already moved to an online format, starting with training in institutes and schools, ending with most work in firms and companies.
• Distance Education in Virtual High School Electronic, virtual, or distance education is a good alternative for students to learn topics that do not require discussion in real-time.
• Home Shcooling and Its Effect on Social Skills Considering the growing popularity of home-based education, the decision to home school children remains a difficult encounter for most parents.
• Homeschooling Topic Explored at Global Level In this paper, ten sources of various kinds were reviewed to explore this issue of homeschooling in more depth globally.
• Homeschooling in the US: Summary This paper reviews selected research topics in homeschooling in the US by M. Gaither, by Brewer and Lubienski, and social psychology of education by Guterman and Neuman.
• The Challenges of Homeschooling in North Carolina The need for homeschooling is determined by several factors - the lifestyle of the parents and the child's characteristics.
• Distance Learning Can Substitute Face-to-Face Traditional Educational System in Wyoming Distance learning can replace the face-to-face traditional education K-12 system in Wyoming, and there are many benefits to this approach.
• Traditional and Virtual Learning During Quarantine The shift towards virtual learning was slowly happening, but the quarantine made the process abrupt and mandatory, exposing numerous disadvantages.
• Classroom vs. Online Education: The Conundrum of Computerized Learning The essay explores the advantages of online learning and tries to reinforce the idea that computerized teaching could replace its offline alternatives.
• Benefits of Homeschooling: Better Success and Less Stress Homeschooling is a concept acquiring more popularity because of multiple benefits associated with it, which become more valuable regarding the existing environment.
• Online Studying vs. Traditional Face-to-Face Learning Although online studying and face-to-face learning have a similar principle – obtaining new information, traditional face-to-face studying is better.
• Homeschooling as an Approach to Educate Children This paper discloses the issue of homeschooling as a successful approach to children's education and identifies the pros and cons of the method.
• K-12 Education Change in Educating Young People During the COVID-19 Pandemic This paper is an annotated bibliography of the articles devoted to the K-12 education change in light of the experience of educating young people during the COVID-19 pandemic.
• Homeschooling Shape Your Child’s Future
• Homeschooling: Solution for Educating Girls in Afghanistan
• Homeschooling and Its Effects on the Child’s Ability
• Compelling Reasons for Homeschooling
• Read Widely and Become Better at Homeschooling
• Homeschooling and the Conflicting Perspectives Regarding Legal Protection
• The Evolution and Benefits of Homeschooling
• Homeschooling Prepares Students for College
• Positive Effects Homeschooling Towards a Homeschooled Kids Lives Education
• The Benefits and Factors of Homeschooling
• Homeschooling Should Replace Normal Schooling
• Homeschooling: Academics, Socialization and College Admissions Prospect
• Public Education and Homeschooling: The Best Known Techniques
• Homeschooling and Childhood Socialization
• Homeschooling and Classroom Management From a Columnist Point of View
• Differences Between Homeschooling and Public Education
• Homeschooling: Alternative Education and Independent Study
• Homeschooling Children and Socialization
• Good Homeschooling and Public School in the United States
• Homeschooling and Its Advantages and Disadvantages
• Homeschooling and Public School
• High School Kids and Homeschooling: Stereotypes and Perks
• Homeschooling and Its Impact on Children’s Education
• The Legitimacy and Advantages of Homeschooling
• Homeschooling Children and Public Schooling Children
• Homeschooling and the Effects It Has on Children Education
• The Misconception About Homeschooling and the Benefits of Learning at Home
• Homeschooling and Extracurricular Activities
• History and Effectiveness of Homeschooling
• Homeschooling Trend and Future Outlook
• The Effects of Homeschooling on Children
• Preference for Homeschooling over Traditional Schooling
• Homeschooled Children’s Social Skills Analysis
• The Social Realities of Homeschooling
• Homeschooling and the Question of Socialization
• What Are the Reasons Parents Choose Homeschooling?
• How Likely Are Homeschooled Kids To Get Into College?
• Why Is Homeschooling Preferred Over Traditional Schooling?
• Why Should Homeschooling Replace Regular Learning To Improve the Lives of Students in Hong Kong?
• What Are the Known Facts About Homeschooling?
• Homeschooling: Can You Do This?
• What Are the Challenges of Homeschooling a Child With ADHD?
• Should Parents be Able to Force their Child to Homeschool?
• What Is the Difference Between Home Schooling and Public Education?
• Homeschooling vs. Public School: Which Is More Beneficial?
• What Are the Social Factors Influencing Homeschooling?
• Why Should a Public School Take Ideas From Homeschooling?
• Why Does Joel Tertels Think Homeschooling Saves Your Child From Destruction?
• Free Homeschooling: Are Parents Helping Their Children?
• What Are the Positive and Negative Aspects of Homeschooling?
• Does Homeschooling Deprive Children of Social Development?
• What Homeschooling Can Do for Public Schooling?
• Homeschooling: Are Parents Helping Their Children Argumentative?
• What Are Homeschooling Trends and Future Outlook?
• How Homeschooling Can Get Into a Lot of Trouble?

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Research Facts on Homeschooling

Research facts on homeschooling, homeschooling: the research.

Research Facts on Homeschooling, Homeschool Fast Facts

Brian D. Ray, Ph.D. May 29, 2024    Copyright © 2024 National Home Education Research Institute

This article gives key research facts on homeschooling

General facts, statistics, and trends.

• There were about 3.1 million homeschool students in 2021-2022 in grades K-12 in the United States  (roughly 6% of school-age children). There were about 2.5 million homeschool students in spring 2019 (or 3% to 4% of school-age children) [note 1]. The homeschool population had been growing at an estimated 2% to 8% per annum over the past several years, but it grew drastically from 2019-2020 to 2020-2021.

• Homeschooling – that is, parent-led home-based education; home education – is an age-old traditional educational practice that a decade ago appeared to be cutting-edge and “alternative” but is now bordering on “mainstream” in the United States. It may be the fastest-growing form of education in the United States. Home-based education has also been growing around the world in many other nations (e.g., Australia, Canada, France, Hungary, Japan, Kenya, Russia, Mexico, South Korea, Thailand, and the United Kingdom).
• A demographically wide variety of people homeschool – these are atheists, Christians, and Mormons; conservatives, libertarians, and liberals; low-, middle-, and high-income families; black, Hispanic, and white; parents with Ph.D.s, GEDs, and no high-school diplomas. One nationwide study shows that 41% of homeschool students are Black, Asian, Hispanic, and others (i.e., not White/non-Hispanic) (U.S. Department of Education, 2019).
• Taxpayers spend an average of $16,446 per pupil annually in public schools, plus capital expenditures (National Education Association, 2023). The roughly 3.1 million homeschool students of 2021-22 represented a savings of over $51 billion for taxpayers. This is $51 billion that American taxpayers did not have to spend.
• Taxpayers spend nothing on the vast majority of homeschool students, while homeschool families spend an average of $600 per student annually for their education. Families engaged in home-based education are not dependent on public, tax-funded resources for their children’s education.
• Homeschooling is quickly growing in popularity among minorities. About 41% of homeschool families are non-white/non-Hispanic (i.e., not white/Anglo).
• It is estimated that over 9 million Americans had experienced being homeschooled as of February of 2020.

Reasons and Motivations for Home Educating

Most parents and youth decide to homeschool for more than one reason. The most common reasons given for homeschooling are the following:

• customize or individualize the curriculum and learning environment for each child,
• accomplish more academically than in schools,
• use pedagogical approaches other than those typical in institutional schools,
• enhance family relationships between children and parents and among siblings,
• provide guided and reasoned social interactions with youthful peers and adults,
• provide a safer environment for children and youth, because of physical violence, drugs and alcohol, psychological abuse, racism, and improper and unhealthy sexuality associated with institutional schools, and
• as an alternative education approach when public or private institutional schools are closed due to acute health situations such as related to disease (e.g., Covid-19, Coronavirus)
• protect minority children from racism in public schools or lower expectations of children of color (e.g., black) (e.g., Fields-Smith, 2020; Mazama & Lundy, 2012).
• teach and impart a particular set of values, beliefs, and worldview to children and youth.

Academic Performance

• The home-educated typically score 15 to 25 percentile points above public-school students on standardized academic achievement tests (Ray, 2010, 2015, 2017; Ray & Hoelzle, 2024). (The public school average is roughly the 50 th percentile; scores range from 1 to 99.) A 2015 study found Black homeschool students to be scoring 23 to 42 percentile points above Black public school students (Ray, 2015).
• 78% of peer-reviewed studies on academic achievement show homeschool students perform statistically significantly better than those in institutional schools ( Ray, 2017 ).
• Homeschool students score above average on achievement tests regardless of their parents’ level of formal education or their family’s household income.
• Whether homeschool parents were ever certified teachers is not notably related to their children’s academic achievement.
• Degree of state control and regulation of homeschooling is not related to academic achievement.
• Home-educated students typically score above average on the SAT and ACT tests that colleges consider for admissions.
• Homeschool students are increasingly being actively recruited by colleges.

Social, Emotional, and Psychological Development (Socialization)

• Research facts on homeschooling show that the home-educated are doing well, typically above average, on measures of social, emotional, and psychological development. Research measures include peer interaction, self-concept, leadership skills, family cohesion, participation in community service, and self-esteem.
• 87% of peer-reviewed studies on social, emotional, and psychological development show homeschool students perform statistically significantly better than those in conventional schools ( Ray, 2017 ).
• Homeschool students are regularly engaged in social and educational activities outside their homes and with people other than their nuclear-family members. They are commonly involved in activities such as field trips, scouting, 4-H, political drives, church ministry, sports teams, and community volunteer work.
• The balance of research to date suggests that homeschool students may suffer less harm (e.g., abuse, neglect, fatalities) than conventional school students.
• Adults who were home educated are more politically tolerant than the public schooled in the limited research done so far.

Gender Differences in Children and Youth Respected?

• One researcher finds that homeschooling gives young people an unusual chance to ask questions such as, “Who am I?” and “What do I really want?,” and through the process of such asking and gradually answering the questions home-educated girls develop the strengths and the resistance abilities that give them an unusually strong sense of self.
• Some think that boys’ energetic natures and tendency to physical expression can more easily be accommodated in home-based education. Many are concerned that a highly disproportionate number of public school special-education students are boys and that boys are 2.5 times as likely as girls in public schools to be diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Success in the “Real World” of Adulthood

The research base on adults who were home educated is growing; thus far it indicates that:

• 69% of peer-reviewed studies on success into adulthood (including college) show adults who were home educated succeed and perform statistically significantly better than those who attended institutional schools ( Ray, 2017 ),
• they participate in local community service more frequently than does the general population (e.g., Seiver & Pope, 2022 ),
• these adults vote and attend public meetings more frequently than the general population,
• they go to college at a similar rate and succeed at college at an equal or higher rate than the general population, and
• by adulthood, they internalize the values and beliefs of their parents at a high rate.

General Interpretation of Research on Homeschool Success or Failure

It is possible that homeschooling causes the positive traits reported above. However, the research designs to date do not conclusively “prove” or substantiate that homeschooling causes these things. One hypothesis is that the positive findings might be due to the demographics of the homeschool students and families in the studies. The “sources” (articles) below explain limitations and caveats regarding the studies. More methodologically stronger research needs to be done to find whether homeschooling is what leads to or causes better outcomes.  At the same time, there is no empirical evidence that homeschooling overall causes negative things compared to institutional schooling. Future research may better answer the question of causation.

1. For more detail, see How Many Homeschool Students Are There in the United States? The March of 2021 estimate is based on data from state governments (e.g., Delaware, Florida, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Carolina, and Virginia), the U.S. Census Bureau (2021), and the U.S. Department of Education (2019). See McDonald (2020). The spring 2019 estimate was based on an estimate of about 2.5% per annum growth from estimates of 2 million home-educated children during the spring of 2010 and 2.3 million spring of 2016 in the United States (Ray, 2011). The estimate of 2.3 million in 2016 was calculated by Brian D. Ray, the author of this fact sheet, on April 7, 2016. He based it on publicly available research findings.

The above findings are extensively documented in one or more of the following sources, and most are available from www.nheri.org:

• Cheng, Albert. (2014). Does homeschooling or private schooling promote political intolerance? Evidence from a Christian university. Journal of School Choice: International Research and Reform , 8(1), 49-68 [a peer-reviewed journal].
• Fields-Smith, Cheryl. (2020). Exploring single black mothers’ resistance through homeschooling . Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan Cham.
• Mazama, Ama; & Lundy, Garvey. (2012, August 26). African American homeschooling as racial protectionism. Journal of Black Studies, 43 (7) 723–748.
• McDonald, Kerry. (2020). Homeschooling more than doubles during the pandemic: State-level data show just how dramatic the surge in homeschooling has been. Retrieved December 29, 2020 from https://fee.org/articles/homeschooling-more-than-doubles-during-the-pandemic/
• Mead, Sara. (2006). The truth about boys and girls.
• Medlin, Richard G. (2013). Homeschooling and the question of socialization revisited. Peabody Journal of Education, 88 (3), 284-297 [a peer-reviewed journal].
• Murphy, Joseph. (2012). Homeschooling in America: Capturing and assessing the movement . Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin, a Sage Company.
• National Education Association. (2023). Rankings of the States 2022 and Estimates of School Statistics 2023,  https://www.nea.org/sites/default/files/2023-04/2023-rankings-and-estimates-report.pdf
• Ray, Brian D. (2004). Home educated and now adults: Their community and civic involvement, views about homeschooling, and other traits. Salem, Oregon: NHERI.
• Ray, Brian D. (2004). Homeschoolers on to college: What research shows us. Ray, Journal of College Admission , No. 185, 5-11 [a peer-reviewed journal].
• Ray, Brian D. (2010). Academic achievement and demographic traits of homeschool students: A nationwide study. Academic Leadership Journal, 8, www.academicleadership.org [a peer-reviewed journal]. For a free copy, contact us .
• Ray, Brian D. (2013). Homeschooling associated with beneficial learner and societal outcomes but educators do not promote it. Peabody Journal of Education, 88 (3), 324-341 [a peer-reviewed journal].
• Ray, Brian D. (2015). African American homeschool parents’ motivations for homeschooling and their Black children’s academic achievement. Journal of School Choice, 9 :71–96 [a peer-reviewed journal]. For a free copy, contact us .
• Ray, Brian D. (2017). A systematic review of the empirical research on selected aspects of homeschooling as a school choice. Journal of School Choice , 11 (4), 604-621 [a peer-reviewed journal]
• Ray, Brian D.; & Hoelzle, Braden R. (2024). Reasons for homeschooling and the correlates of home-educated students’ academic achievement: A new U.S. nationwide study. Presented at International School Choice and Reform Conference, Madrid, Spain, January 6, 2024.
• Ray, Brian D.; & Shakeel, M. Danish. (2022). Demographics are predictive of child abuse and neglect but homeschool versus conventional school is a nonissue: Evidence from a nationally representative survey. Journal of School Choice, https://doi.org/10.1080/15582159.2022.2108879  [a peer-reviewed journal]
• Seiver, Jillene Grove; & Pope, Elisa A. (2022). The kids are alright II: social engagement in young adulthood as a function of k-12 schooling type, personality traits, and parental education level. Home School Researcher , 37 (2), 1-9.
• Sheffer, Susannah. (1995). A sense of self: Listening to homeschooled adolescent girls .
• United States Department of Education. (2019) Homeschooling in the United States: Results from the 2012 and 2016 Parent and Family Involvement Survey (PFINHES: 2012 and 2016). Retrieved November 3, 2020 from https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2020/2020001.pdf

About the Author

Brian D. Ray, Ph.D. is an internationally known researcher  (see Google Scholar Profile for many of his publications), educator, speaker, and expert witness, and serves as president of the nonprofit National Home Education Research Institute. He is a former certified teacher in public and private schools and served as a professor in the fields of science, research methods, and education at the graduate and undergraduate levels. He holds a Ph.D. in science education from Oregon State University, a M.S. in zoology from Ohio University, and a B.S. in biology from the University of Puget Sound. Dr. Ray has been studying the homeschool movement since about 1984.

For more homeschool research and more in-depth interpretation of research, media, journalists, and others please contact:

National Home Education Research Institute (NHERI)

PO Box 13939 Salem OR 97309 USA

tel. (503) 364‑1490 [email protected] www.nheri.org

Copyright © 2024 by National Home Education Research Institute

About nheri.

NHERI conducts homeschooling research, is a clearinghouse of research for the public, researchers, homeschoolers, the media, and policy makers, and educates the public concerning the findings of all related research. NHERI executes, evaluates, and disseminates studies and information (e.g., statistics, facts, data) on homeschooling (i.e., home schooling, home-based education, home education, home school, home-schooling, unschooling, deschooling, a form of alternative education), publishes reports and the peer-reviewed scholarly journal Home School Researcher, and serves in consulting, academic achievement tests, and expert witness (in courts and legislatures).

PO Box 13939 Salem, OR 97309 503-364-1490 503-364-3837 fax contact NHERI

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The research on homeschooling, the academic, social, and long-term outcomes for children in home schools..

Posted September 1, 2021 | Reviewed by Gary Drevitch

About 4 to 5 million children in the United States (or approximately 8 to 9% of school-age children) were homeschooled in March 2021. This statistic increased dramatically during the pandemic: Only 2.5 million (or 3 to 4% of school-age children) were homeschooled in spring 2019.

The most common reason cited for homeschooling (before the pandemic) was concern about the local school environment, including safety and negative peer pressure . Many parents also choose to homeschool due to dissatisfaction with the educational quality of local schools, or for religious reasons.

However, many parents and caregivers considering homeschooling may be especially concerned about how homeschooling might impact their child’s academic progress and social development. Does the research find any differences between children who were homeschooled versus children in conventional school?

Academic Performance

Homeschooled students tend to score higher on tests of academic skills when compared to children in public schools across most studies. However, it is difficult to draw any conclusions from these studies since most do not control for important family demographic factors and compare self-selected homeschooling families’ test scores (from tests proctored by parents) to national averages. Interestingly, children in a “structured” homeschool program — that is, a homeschool program with organized lesson plans — tend to score higher on academic tests than children from conventional schools, while children in “unstructured” homeschool environments without organized lesson plans tend to score lower than children in conventional schools.

Social Skills

The findings on social skills seem to be more mixed. Some studies have found no difference in social skills between children in homeschool environments versus conventional schools, some studies have found that homeschooled children score higher on measures of social ability, and some have found that homeschooled children score lower on overall social skills. Not surprisingly, homeschooled students who have had more opportunities for peer interactions tend to show improved social skills.

Long-Term Success

Most studies find that homeschooled children tend to have higher college GPAs than children from conventional schools. In addition, most studies have found no difference between homeschooled and conventional students in college graduation rates. However, most homeschooled students do not attend competitive four-year colleges and one study found that homeschooled students may have lower math GPAs in college than children from conventional schools. Children who are homeschooled may also be more likely to work in a lower-paying job.

Limitations of this Research

It is important to note that this research is difficult to interpret because families that choose to homeschool are different from families who do not in many other ways — for example, they may have parents with higher income or educational levels — and these factors likely contribute to the results as well. For instance, we cannot conclude that homeschooling will improve your child’s test scores since homeschooled children may have more educated mothers and it may be the mother’s educational level that drives the higher test scores, not homeschooling itself.

Almasoud, S., & Fowler, S. R. (2016). The difference in the academic achievements of homeschooled and non-homeschooled students. Home School Researcher, 32(1), 1-4.

Cogan, M. F. (2010). Exploring academic outcomes of homeschooled students. Journal of College Admission, 208, 18-25.

Coleman, R. E. (2014). The homeschool math gap: The data. Coalition for Responsible Home Education.

Drenovsky, C. K., & Cohen, I. (2012). The impact of homeschooling on the adjustment of college students. International Social Science Review, 87(1/2), 19-34.

Kunzman, R., & Gaither, M. (2020). Homeschooling: An updated comprehensive survey of the research. Other Education, 9(1), 253-336.

Martin-Chang, S., Gould, O. N., & Meuse, R. E. (2011). The impact of schooling on academic achievement: Evidence from homeschooled and traditionally schooled students. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue Canadienne Des Sciences du Comportement, 43(3), 195.

McKinley, M. J., Asaro, J. N., Bergin, J., D'Auria, N., & Gagnon, K. E. (2007). Social Skills and Satisfaction with Social Relationships in Home-Schooled, Private-Schooled, and Public-Schooled Children. Online Submission, 17(3), 1-6.

Medlin, R. G. (2006). Homeschooled Children's Social Skills. Online Submission, 17(1), 1-8.

Montes, G. (2006). Do Parental Reasons to Homeschool Vary by Grade? Evidence from the National Household Education Survey, 2001. Online Submission, 16(4), 11-17.

Montes, G. (2015). The social and emotional health of homeschooled students in the United States: A population-based comparison with publicly schooled students based on the national survey of children’s health, 2007. Home School Researcher, 31(1), 1-9.

Pearlman-Avnion, S., & Grayevsky, M. (2019). Homeschooling, civics, and socialization: The case of Israel. Education and Urban Society, 51(7), 970-988.

Ray, B. D. (2017). A systematic review of the empirical research on selected aspects of homeschooling as a school choice. Journal of School Choice, 11(4), 604-621.

Redford, J., Battle, D., & Bielick, S. (2017, April). Homeschooling in the United States: 2012. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education. Retrieved August 1, 2017, from. (NCES 2016-096.REV) https://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2016096rev

Sikkink, D., & Skiles, S. (2015). Homeschooling and young adult outcomes: Evidence from the 2011 and 2014 Cardus Education Survey. The Cardus Religious Schools Initiative.

Cara Goodwin, Ph.D., is a licensed clinical psychologist who specializes in translating scientific research into information that is useful, accurate, and relevant for parents.

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Home — Essay Samples — Education — Educational System — Homeschooling

Essays on Homeschooling

When it comes to homeschooling, essay writing can be a valuable tool for students to develop critical thinking and communication skills. However, choosing the right topic is crucial to ensure that the essay is engaging, informative, and relevant to the homeschooling experience. In this article, we will discuss the importance of selecting appropriate homeschooling essay topics and provide a detailed list of recommended topics for students to consider.

Choosing the right homeschooling essay topic is essential for several reasons. Firstly, it allows students to explore and express their thoughts and opinions on relevant homeschooling issues, which can contribute to their personal and academic growth. Secondly, a well-chosen topic can make the writing process more enjoyable and meaningful for the student, leading to a higher quality of work. Lastly, the chosen topic should be relevant and engaging for the intended audience, whether it's the student's teacher, classmates, or the wider homeschooling community.

When selecting a homeschooling essay topic, students should consider their personal interests, experiences, and knowledge. It is essential to choose a topic that is meaningful and relevant to the student's homeschooling experience. Additionally, students should consider the audience and purpose of the essay, as well as the availability of credible sources and research materials. By carefully considering these factors, students can choose a topic that will allow them to showcase their critical thinking, writing, and research skills.

Recommended Homeschooling Essay Topics

If you are looking for some interesting homeschooling essay topics, you have come to the right place. Below is a list of 30 different topics structured by categories, to help you find the perfect topic for your essay.

Educational Benefits of Homeschooling

• The impact of individualized learning on homeschooling students
• The role of parents as educators in the homeschooling environment
• The benefits of homeschooling for students with special needs
• Comparing the academic achievements of homeschooled students to traditional school students
• The effectiveness of homeschooling in fostering creativity and critical thinking

Social and Emotional Development in Homeschooling

• The socialization of homeschooling students in comparison to traditional school students
• The impact of homeschooling on the development of social skills and emotional intelligence
• Addressing the misconceptions and stereotypes surrounding homeschooled students
• The role of extracurricular activities and community involvement in homeschooling
• The influence of the homeschooling environment on mental health and well-being

Homeschooling Curriculum and Methods

• Comparing different homeschooling curriculum options
• The benefits and challenges of online homeschooling programs
• The impact of technology on homeschooling education
• Exploring alternative teaching and learning methods in the homeschooling environment
• The role of field trips and hands-on learning in homeschooling

Homeschooling and Legal/Social Issues

• The legal requirements and regulations for homeschooling in different states
• The impact of homeschooling on the public education system
• The influence of cultural and societal attitudes towards homeschooling
• The rights and responsibilities of homeschooling parents and students
• The role of homeschooling advocacy and support groups

Personal Experiences and Reflections on Homeschooling

• The impact of homeschooling on family dynamics and relationships
• Challenges and successes of transitioning from traditional school to homeschooling
• The role of self-motivation and discipline in homeschooling education
• Personal growth and development through the homeschooling experience
• Addressing misconceptions and stereotypes about homeschooling through personal narratives

Global Perspectives on Homeschooling

• The prevalence and acceptance of homeschooling in different countries
• Comparing homeschooling practices and policies in different cultural and social contexts
• The impact of globalization and technology on homeschooling education
• Exploring the role of homeschooling in addressing educational inequality and access to quality education
• The influence of international trends and movements on the homeschooling community

Parental Involvement

• The role of parents as educators in homeschooling
• Challenges and benefits of homeschooling for parents
• Effective communication between parents and children in homeschooling
• Parental support for extracurricular activities in homeschooling
• Balancing work and homeschooling as a parent

Cultural and Diversity Perspectives

• Homeschooling in different cultural contexts
• The impact of homeschooling on religious and cultural beliefs
• Addressing diversity and inclusion in homeschooling
• Homeschooling and multicultural education
• The role of language and heritage in homeschooling

These essay topics should give you a good starting point for exploring the various aspects of homeschooling. By considering these categories and the suggested topics within each, students can identify a relevant and engaging topic for their homeschooling essay. Whether they choose to explore the educational benefits of homeschooling, reflect on their personal experiences, or delve into legal and social issues surrounding homeschooling, there are ample opportunities for students to showcase their critical thinking and writing skills in the context of homeschooling.

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